%PDF-1.3
%
1 0 obj
<<
/Type/ExtGState
/OPM 1
>>
endobj
2 0 obj
<<
/Length 15171
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
12 0 0 12 61 690 Tm
0 g
(V)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 69.1249 690 Tm
0 g
-0.02 Tc
(OLUME)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
12 0 0 12 103.3349 690 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(13 N)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 129.6981 690 Tm
0 g
-0.02 Tc
(UMBER)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
12 0 0 12 163.9191 690 Tm
0 g
22.576 Tc
(1F)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 446.6508 690 Tm
0 g
-0.02 Tc
(ALL)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
12 0 0 12 466.7232 690 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(2006 )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
22 0 0 22 186.8684 635.2211 Tm
0 g
(M)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
16.5 0 0 16.5 207.3031 635.2211 Tm
0 g
-0.019 Tc
(ICHIGAN)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
22 0 0 22 284.9511 635.2211 Tm
0 g
(J)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
16.5 0 0 16.5 295.6211 635.2211 Tm
0 g
-0.018 Tc
[(OURN)21(AL)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10.5 0 0 10.5 268.8144 615.2211 Tm
0 g
-0.017 Tc
(OF)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
22 0 0 22 133.532 592.2211 Tm
0 g
(C)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
16.5 0 0 16.5 149.0843 592.2211 Tm
0 g
-0.019 Tc
(OMMUNITY)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
22 0 0 22 249.3034 592.2211 Tm
0 g
(S)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
16.5 0 0 16.5 261.2034 592.2211 Tm
0 g
-0.019 Tc
[(E)-1(R)56(VICE)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
22 0 0 22 328.2003 592.2211 Tm
0 g
(L)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
16.5 0 0 16.5 342.5441 592.2211 Tm
0 g
-0.019 Tc
(EARNING)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
12 0 0 12 240.1545 550.5272 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
0.025 Tw
(OCSL PRESS)Tj
-2.7269 -1.2 TD
[(The Uni)11(v)9(e)-1(r)1(sity of Mic)1(hig)1(a)-1(n)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 262.4882 497.7273 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
(Editor)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 245.9954 484.7253 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Jef)25(fr)-1(e)15(y Ho)25(w)10(ar)-1(d)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 231.0736 472.7253 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Mic)14(higan)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 153.4235 436.7254 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Assistant Editor)-10462(Book Re)16(vie)2(w Editor)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 154.1048 424.7254 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.005 Tw
[(Aileo W)80(einmann)-11687(Scott )-30(Melanson)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 142.0736 412.7255 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Mic)14(higan)-7504(Gr)36(eenf)20(ield Community Colle)39(g)10(e)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 243.1761 376.7256 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Editor)1(ial Boar)1(d)]TJ
ET
0.5 w
0 G
60 708 m
492 708 l
S
60 680 m
492 680 l
S
60 565.616 m
492 565.616 l
S
60 525.511 m
492 525.511 l
S
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61.8669 362.5102 Tm
0 g
(W)Tj
0.88906 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(illiam R. )Tj
3.59507 0 TD
0 Tw
[(Ale)15(xander)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 156 362.5102 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Uni)Tj
1.45476 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(er)10(sity of Mic)14(higan)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 80.9774 349.845 Tm
0 g
(F)Tj
0.54091 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.03 Tw
(rances Aparicio)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 156 349.845 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Uni)Tj
1.45476 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ver)10(sity of Illinois-)]TJ
-1.45476 -1.01453 TD
0 Tw
[(Chica)10(go)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 76.2579 327.0345 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Ric)Tj
1.34367 0 TD
(har)Tj
1.23162 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(d)Tj
0.74489 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Ba)Tj
1.08095 0 TD
(ttistoni)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 156 327.0345 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Pr)Tj
0.92483 0 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.47524 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(vidence Colle)Tj
5.25994 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.47524 0 TD
(e)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 88.9929 314.3692 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Robert Bringle)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 156 314.3692 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Indiana Univer)10(sity Pur)36(due)]TJ
0 -1.01452 TD
0 Tw
(Uni)Tj
1.45476 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ver)10(sity Indianapolis)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 85.3468 291.5587 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.516 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(on)15(y Chambers)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 156 291.5587 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Uni)Tj
1.45476 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ver)10(sity of )17(T)92(or)45(onto)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 64.8067 278.8935 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Bar)Tj
1.39861 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ry N. Check)10(o)25(w)10(ay)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 156 278.8935 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Uni)Tj
1.45476 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ver)10(sity of Mic)14(higan)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 82.2327 266.2282 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.03 Tw
[(Mark A. )-55(Chesler)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 156 266.2282 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Mic)14(higan)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 80.2063 253.563 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Da)Tj
1.116 -0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(vid D. Cooper)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 156 253.563 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Mic)Tj
1.49455 -0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(higan State Univer)9(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 81.2438 240.8977 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Deborah DeZure)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 156 240.8977 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan Sta)-1(te Univ)1(er)9(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 84.5544 228.2325 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Thomas Ehrlich)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 156 228.2325 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Carne)40(gie F)104(oundation for)]TJ
0 -1.01453 TD
[(Advancement of )18(T)92(eac)14(hing)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 97.9887 205.422 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Sandra Enos)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 156 205.422 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Rhode Island Colle)40(g)9(e)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 103.5527 192.7567 Tm
0 g
(J)Tj
0.37391 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(anet Eyler)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 156 192.7567 Tm
0 g
(V)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(anderbilt Uni)Tj
5.24603 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.42884 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.793 0 TD
(sity)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 106.1653 180.0915 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Helen F)15(ox)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 156 180.0915 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Mic)14(higan)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 90.6192 167.4263 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Andr)Tj
1.99469 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.40394 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(w)Tj
0.9668 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Fur)Tj
1.3438 0.00001 TD
(co)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 156 167.4263 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Uni)Tj
1.45476 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(er)Tj
0.79299 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(sity of Calif)Tj
4.52176 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.85892 0.00001 TD
(nia-)Tj
-8.05728 -1.01456 TD
[(Berk)10(ele)29(y)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 75.3061 144.6158 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Sher)Tj
1.77252 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(ril B. Gelmon)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 156 144.6158 Tm
0 g
(P)Tj
0.51601 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(ortland State Univer)9(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 94.8013 131.9504 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Dwight Giles)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 156 131.9504 Tm
0 g
(Uni)Tj
1.49976 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.44384 0.00001 TD
(er)Tj
0.823 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(sity of)Tj
-2.7666 -1.01454 TD
0 Tw
[(Massac)15(husetts-B)15(o)15(s)15(t)15(o)15(n)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 70.8725 109.1399 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Mic)Tj
1.5656 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(hael D)Tj
2.5725 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.4948 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Gor)Tj
1.50985 0.00001 TD
(don)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 156 109.1399 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Uni)Tj
1.45476 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(er)Tj
0.79299 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(sity of Mic)Tj
4.09083 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(hig)Tj
1.23283 0.00001 TD
(an)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 74.6343 96.4747 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Lorraine Guti\216rrez)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 156 96.4747 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Mic)14(higan)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 100.4301 83.8094 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Ira Har)-1(ka)20(vy)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 156 83.8094 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of P)79(ennsylvania)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 98.5624 71.1442 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Gary Hesser)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 156 71.1442 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(A)20(ugsb)20(ur)36(g Colle)40(g)10(e)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 319.9949 362.5102 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Barbar)Tj
2.63022 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(a)Tj
0.68882 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Holland)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 393.5 362.5102 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(ETR)Tj
1.96759 0 TD
(Associa)Tj
3.00536 0 TD
(tes)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 318.3896 349.5134 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Barbar)Tj
2.63022 0 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(a)Tj
0.63392 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(A. Isr)Tj
2.21137 0 TD
0 Tw
(ael)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 393.5 349.5134 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Uni)Tj
1.45476 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(er)Tj
0.79299 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(sity of Mic)Tj
4.09083 0 TD
0 Tw
(hig)Tj
1.23283 0 TD
(an)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 287.3155 336.5167 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Christina Jos\216-Kampfner)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 393.5 336.5167 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Eastern Mic)15(higan)]TJ
0 -1.04768 TD
0 Tw
(Uni)Tj
1.45476 0 TD
[(ver)10(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 331.4614 313.0431 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Ar)Tj
1.02469 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(thur K)Tj
2.49262 0 TD
0 Tw
(eene)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 393.5 313.0431 Tm
0 g
-0.033 Tc
(Uni)Tj
1.40227 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.41136 0 TD
-0.033 Tc
(er)Tj
0.75801 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(sity of Massac)Tj
5.3009 0 TD
0 Tw
(husetts)Tj
2.54989 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-10.42243 -1.04769 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(Amher)10(st)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 330.2296 289.5696 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(No)Tj
1.17703 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(v)15(ella K)25(eith)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 393.5 289.5696 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.44911 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(emple Univer)10(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 317.699 276.5728 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(C. Da)Tj
2.26299 0.00001 TD
(vid Lisman)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 393.5 276.5728 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Uni)Tj
1.45476 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(er)10(sity of Den)39(ver)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 308.5214 263.576 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Gre)15(gor)-1(y B. Markus)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 393.5 263.576 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Mic)14(higan)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 299.489 250.5792 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(W)40(ilbert J. McK)24(eachie)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 393.5 250.5792 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Mic)14(higan)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 334.9296 237.5824 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Allen Menlo)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 393.5 237.5824 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Uni)Tj
1.45476 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(er)Tj
0.79299 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(sity of Mic)Tj
4.09083 0 TD
0 Tw
(higan)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 324.7376 224.5858 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Jerry M. Miller)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 393.5 224.5858 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Mic)14(higan)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 325.8033 211.589 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Barbara Moely)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 393.5 211.589 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(T)55(ulane Univer)10(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 331.4395 198.5922 Tm
0 g
(K)Tj
0.68202 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(eith Morton)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 393.5 198.5922 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Pr)Tj
0.92483 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(o)10(vidence Colle)39(g)10(e)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 316.3499 185.5953 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(K)25(enneth Reardon)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 393.5 185.5953 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Cornell Univer)10(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 339.765 172.5986 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Susan Root)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 393.5 172.5986 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(RMC)Tj
2.3006 0.00001 TD
(Den)Tj
1.58098 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.42884 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(er)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 324.8229 159.6017 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(John Saltmarsh)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 393.5 159.6017 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Ne)15(w England Resour)37(ce)]TJ
0 -1.04767 TD
(Center f)Tj
3.15427 0.00001 TD
(or Higher )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 326.9473 136.1282 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Da)20(vid Sc)-1(hoem)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 393.5 136.1282 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Mic)14(higan)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 307.231 123.1314 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(T)35(imoth)5(y K. Stanton)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 393.5 123.1314 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Stanfor)37(d Univer)9(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 318.2006 110.1346 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Shar)Tj
1.77252 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(on E. Sutton)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 393.5 110.1346 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Uni)Tj
1.45476 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(er)10(sity of )39(W)92(ashington)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 332.8579 97.1379 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.005 Tw
[(John W)80(allace)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 393.5 97.1379 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Minnesota)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 328.5562 84.1412 Tm
0 g
(K)Tj
0.68203 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ell)Tj
0.95451 0.00001 TD
(y)Tj
0.69007 0.00001 TD
-0.005 Tw
[(A. W)80(ar)-1(d)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 393.5 84.1412 Tm
0 g
(W)Tj
0.72597 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(ashington Sta)Tj
5.30242 0.00001 TD
(te Uni)Tj
2.40644 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
[(ver)10(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 307.9487 71.1443 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Edw)10(ar)-1(d Zlotk)10(o)25(wski)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 393.5 71.1443 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Bentle)30(y Colle)39(g)10(e)]TJ
ET
0.5 w
0 G
276.0004 368.7617 m
276.0004 69.8546 l
S
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 466 148.4764 Tm
0 Tw
(Education)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 224 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 1)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
3 0 obj
<<
/Length 9223
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 485.423 41.7763 Tm
0 g
(3)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
22 0 0 22 184.3935 691.6226 Tm
0 g
(M)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
16.5 0 0 16.5 205.1581 691.6226 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
(ICHIGAN)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
22 0 0 22 285.4461 691.6226 Tm
0 g
(J)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
16.5 0 0 16.5 296.4461 691.6226 Tm
0 g
0.002 Tc
[(OURN)21(AL)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10.5 0 0 10.5 268.7094 671.6226 Tm
0 g
0.003 Tc
(OF)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
22 0 0 22 129.4072 648.6226 Tm
0 g
(C)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
16.5 0 0 16.5 145.2895 648.6226 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
(OMMUNITY)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
22 0 0 22 248.4785 648.6226 Tm
0 g
(S)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
16.5 0 0 16.5 260.7084 648.6226 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
[(E)-1(R)56(VICE)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
22 0 0 22 330.0152 648.6226 Tm
0 g
(L)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
16.5 0 0 16.5 344.689 648.6226 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
(EARNING)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
12 0 0 12 61 611.6226 Tm
0 g
(V)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 69.3049 611.6226 Tm
0 g
(OLUME)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
12 0 0 12 104.5949 611.6226 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(13 N)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 131.858 611.6226 Tm
0 g
(UMBER)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
12 0 0 12 167.159 611.6226 Tm
0 g
22.186 Tc
(1F)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 445.3908 611.6226 Tm
0 g
(ALL)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
12 0 0 12 466.1833 611.6226 Tm
0 g
(2006)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 226.7945 566.0314 Tm
0 g
(R)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
7.5 0 0 7.5 234.0138 566.0314 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
[(ESEARCH)-310(AND)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 291.3729 566.0314 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
7.5 0 0 7.5 298.0429 566.0314 Tm
0 g
0.002 Tc
[(HEOR)37(Y)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 546.0313 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.015 Tw
[(Analyzing )-10(Morton\325)55(s )7(T)80(ypology )-10(of )-10(Service )-10(P)15(aradigms )-10(and )-10(Inte)14(gr)1(ity)-474( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15( .)-15(5)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 79 535.0313 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Rober)1(t G)1(. Br)1(ingle)1(,)-274(J)15(ulie )56(A. Ha)1(t)-1(cher)93(,)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 236.0615 535.0313 Tm
0 g
(and)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 253.25 535.0313 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Rac)1(hel E. McIntosh)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 515.0314 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(The Impact of P)15(artner)-1(ship-Centered,)-275(Community-Based Learning )]TJ
1.8 -1.1 TD
0 Tw
[(on )-25(First-Y)99(ear )-25(Students\325)-146(Academic )-25(Research )-25(P)15(apers)-301( . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 79 493.0313 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Ann M. F)26(eldman,)-245(T)92(om Moss,)-274(Diane Chin,)-274(M)-2(e)1(gan Mar)1(i)-1(e)1(,)]TJ
0 -1.1 TD
(Candice Rai,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 136.9902 482.0313 Tm
0 g
(and)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 154.1787 482.0313 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(R)-1(e)1(becca Gr)1(a)-1(h)-1(a)-1(m)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 462.0313 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Dif)25(fer)-1(e)1(n)-1(t )30(W)80(orlds and Common Ground:)-275(Community P)15(ar)-1(tner )]TJ
1.8 -1.1 TD
0 Tw
[(Perspecti)24(v)15(es )-25(on )-25(Campus-Community )-25(P)15(artner)-1(ships)-100( . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 79 440.0313 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(M)-1(a)-1(r)1(ie Sand)1(y )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 137.271 440.0313 Tm
0 g
(and)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 154.4595 440.0313 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
-0.031 Tw
[(Barbar)1(a A. )-56(Holland)]TJ
9.94497 -4.91577 TD
0 Tc
(P)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
7.5 0 0 7.5 260.0176 390.8736 Tm
0 g
0.002 Tc
[(ED)37(A)56(GOGY)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 370.8736 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Assessing Lear)Tj
6.10557 0 TD
(ning in Comm)Tj
5.82832 0 TD
(unity Ser)Tj
3.66319 0 TD
(vice Lear)Tj
3.77183 0 TD
0 Tw
(ning:)Tj
2.27573 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(A)Tj
0.9968 0 Td
0 Tc
(Social )Tj
2.71947 0 TD
(A)Tj
0.72193 0 TD
(ppr)Tj
1.33276 0 TD
(oac)Tj
1.3877 0 TD
(h)Tj
0.94671 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.)Tj
0.5 0 Td
(.44)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 79 359.8736 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Leda Cooks and Er)1(ica Sc)1(har)1(r)18(e)-1(r)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 339.8736 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Managing the Challenges of )18(T)69(eaching Community-Based Research Courses:)]TJ
1.8 -1.1 TD
0 Tw
[(Insights )-25(from )-7(T)80(w)9(o )-25(Instructors)-264( . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 79 317.8736 Tm
0 g
(V)Tj
0.68506 0 TD
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(i)-1(c)1(ki B)1(. Stocking )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 156.0464 317.8736 Tm
0 g
(and)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 173.2349 317.8736 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
(Nic)Tj
1.4436 0 TD
0.0009 Tc
(k)Tj
0.83171 0 Td
0.001 Tc
[(Cutf)26(o)-1(r)1(t)-1(h)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 297.8736 Tm
0 g
-0.0001 Tc
(A)Tj
0.99686 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Human Capital Model:)-275(Service-Lear)-1(ning in the )]TJ
0.80314 -1.1 TD
0 Tw
(Micr)Tj
1.94336 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(o)Tj
0.77486 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Business Incuba)Tj
6.55102 0 TD
0 Tw
[(tor )-25(Program)-102( . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 79 275.8736 Tm
0 g
0.002 Tc
(Da)Tj
1.19702 0 TD
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
(vid E. Desplaces,)Tj
7.49078 0 TD
[(M)-1(a)-1(r)11(ge)-1(ry Steinber)11(g,)]TJ
-8.6878 -1.10001 TD
(Susan Coleman,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 150.8891 264.8737 Tm
0 g
(and)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 167.5283 264.8737 Tm
0 g
0.003 Tc
(Am)Tj
1.55469 0.00001 TD
0.0014 Tc
(y)Tj
0.77683 0 Td
(K)Tj
0.7511 0.00001 TD
0.001 Tc
[(enw)11(o)-1(r)1(t)-1(h)16(y-U\325Ren)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 220.8736 Tm
0 g
[(Re)25(vie)24(w)1(er)-1(s )-25(for )25(V)129(olume )-25(13)-297( . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81)]TJ
0 -2.2 TD
[(Call )-25(for )-25(P)15(apers)-468( . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82)]TJ
T*
[(P)15(aper )-25(Guidelines)-131( . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83)]TJ
T*
(Pub)Tj
1.55591 -0.00001 TD
[(lications )-25(List)-226( . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84)]TJ
-1.55591 -2.19999 TD
[(Subscription )-25(and )-25(Order )-25(Infor)-1(mation)-69( . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85)]TJ
ET
0.5 w
0 G
60 626.9771 m
492 626.9771 l
S
60 603.977 m
492 603.977 l
S
Q
q
1 g
23 755 224 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 3)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
4 0 obj
<<
/Length 2068
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61.423 42.1096 Tm
0 g
(4)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 224 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 4)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
5 0 obj
<<
/Length 14202
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 486 41.6769 Tm
0 g
(5)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61.4999 716.0527 Tm
0 g
-0.0003 Tc
(M)Tj
0.83272 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(ic)15(higan J)24(ournal of Community Service Learning)]TJ
-0.83272 0 Td
-0.0003 Tc
(M)Tj
0 Tc
[(ic)15(higan J)24(ournal of Community Service Learning)-19973(F)75(all 2006,)-275(pp.5-15)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
14 0 0 14 71 478.311 Tm
0 g
(A)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 80.757 478.311 Tm
0 g
-0.0251 Tc
(s)Tj
0.85791 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.91291 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
0.269 Tw
(long-time educator and leader in service-)Tj
-3.64651 -1.15283 TD
0 Tw
(lear)Tj
1.39832 0 TD
0.032 Tw
[(ning,)-257(K)25(eith Morton (1995) has pro)15(vided an analy-)]TJ
-1.39832 -1.15282 TD
0.077 Tw
(sis of dif)Tj
3.37855 0 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.30777 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.72663 0 TD
0.077 Tw
(ent w)Tj
2.13605 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.41886 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
[(ys in which colle)15(ge students pref)-1(er)]TJ
-6.96786 -1.15285 TD
0.139 Tw
(to eng)Tj
2.45571 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.41885 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
(ge in community service. He describes three)Tj
-2.87456 -1.15283 TD
0.018 Tw
[(service paradigms:)-243(char)-1(ity \(pro)15(viding direct service to)]TJ
T*
0.12 Tw
(another per)Tj
4.36964 0 TD
0 Tw
(son\),)Tj
2.19139 0 TD
(pr)Tj
0.78278 0 TD
0.12 Tw
(oject \(implementing or par)Tj
10.39937 0 TD
0 Tw
(ticipa)Tj
2.07123 0 TD
(t-)Tj
-19.81441 -1.15284 TD
0.157 Tw
(ing in service programs through community service)Tj
0 -1.15282 TD
0.289 Tw
[(or)18(g)4(anizations\),)-513(and social change \(tr)-1(ansformational)]TJ
0 -1.15284 TD
0.117 Tw
(models of systemic c)Tj
8.26649 0 TD
0 Tw
(hang)Tj
1.84387 0 TD
0.117 Tw
(e\). Morton also posits that)Tj
-10.11036 -1.15283 TD
0.046 Tw
[(colle)15(ge students who are acti)24(v)15(e in community service)]TJ
T*
0.042 Tw
[(ha)20(v)15(e a pr)-1(eference for a par)-1(ticular type of service with)]TJ
0 -1.15282 TD
0.026 Tw
[(which the)15(y are most comfor)-1(table. He pro)15(vides cr)-1(itical)]TJ
0 -1.15283 TD
0 Tw
(commentar)Tj
4.27286 0 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(y)Tj
0.79764 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
0.098 Tw
(on the str)Tj
3.66692 0 TD
(engths and limita)Tj
6.6581 0 TD
(tions of eac)Tj
4.50449 0 TD
0 Tc
(h)Tj
-19.90001 -1.15283 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.064 Tw
(type of ser)Tj
4.07287 0 TD
[(vice with accompan)15(ying analysis of impli-)]TJ
-4.07287 -1.15283 TD
-0.013 Tc
0.362 Tw
[(cations for the design of educational pro)-1(g)-1(rams.)]TJ
0 -1.15282 TD
-0.025 Tc
0 Tw
(Fur)Tj
1.31369 0 TD
(ther)Tj
1.45447 0 TD
(mor)Tj
1.53561 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.41886 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.125 Tw
[(,)-350(he contends that,)-350(unl)1(ik)9(e other analyses)]TJ
-4.72263 -1.15283 TD
-0.014 Tc
0.364 Tw
[(\()1(e)1(.g.,)-600(Delv)14(e)1(,)-600(Mintz,)-600(& Ste)24(w)10(a)1(r)1(t,)-600(1990; Elden &)]TJ
T*
-0.021 Tc
0 Tw
(Chisholm,)Tj
4.55024 0 TD
0.371 Tw
[(1993; Illich,)-600(1968; Lack)10(e)15(y)65(,)-600(Bur)-1(k)10(e,)-600(&)]TJ
-4.55024 -1.15282 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.162 Tw
[(Peterson,)-387(1987\),)-387(these three types of service do not)]TJ
0 -1.15283 TD
0.049 Tw
[(necessarily constitute a continuum of ser)-1(vice \(pp. 19-)]TJ
0 -1.15282 TD
-0.007 Tw
[(20\). Rather)40(,)-219(Morton presents the case that each type of)]TJ
0 -1.15284 TD
0.082 Tw
[(service is a separate paradigm and each has \322its o)24(wn)]TJ
0 -1.15282 TD
0.299 Tw
[(logic,)-525(strengths,)-525(limitations and vision of a trans-)]TJ
0 Tc
(f)'
0.30777 0.00001 TD
-0.025 Tc
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.78278 0.00001 TD
0.063 Tw
(med w)Tj
2.62233 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.78278 0.00001 TD
(ld\323)Tj
1.43517 0.00001 TD
0.063 Tw
((p. 19),)Tj
3.06751 0.00001 TD
(and contains )Tj
5.07813 0.00001 TD
(\322a w)Tj
1.81335 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.78277 0.00001 TD
0.063 Tw
[(ld vie)25(w)65(,)-289(a)]TJ
-16.67259 -1.15288 TD
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.78278 0 TD
(ob)Tj
0.95001 0.00001 TD
-0.005 Tw
(lem sta)Tj
2.68014 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tement,)Tj
3.01623 0.00001 TD
-0.005 Tw
(and an a)Tj
3.12157 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.47501 0.00001 TD
-0.025 Tc
(enda f)Tj
2.31548 0.00001 TD
[(or change\323)-220((p. 24).)]TJ
-13.34122 -1.15286 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.58585 0.00001 TD
-0.025 Tc
0 Tw
(her)Tj
1.20163 0.00001 TD
(ef)Tj
0.72662 0.00001 TD
(or)Tj
0.78277 0.00001 TD
0.117 Tw
[(e,)-342(it may not be reasonable for educator)-1(s to)]TJ
-3.29687 -1.15286 TD
0 Tw
(ha)Tj
0.87408 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.46012 0.00001 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(e)Tj
0.67449 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.67449 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
(de)Tj
0.86901 0.00001 TD
0.031 Tw
[(v)15(elopmental goal of challenging colle)14(ge stu-)]TJ
-3.55218 -1.15284 TD
0.02 Tw
[(dents to mo)15(v)15(e from acts of c)-1(harity to planned projects)]TJ
0 -1.15283 TD
0.025 Tw
[(to)25(w)10(ar)-1(d social change. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15282 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.095 Tw
[(Furthermor)-1(e)1(,)-330(Morton (1995) contends that ho)25(w a)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15283 TD
0.016 Tw
[(colle)15(ge student eng)5(ages in an)14(y one of the three types)]TJ
0 -1.15282 TD
0.187 Tw
(of comm)Tj
3.66472 0.00001 TD
(unity ser)Tj
3.52364 0.00001 TD
[(vice can ha)20(v)15(e dif)24(f)1(er)-1(ing le)25(v)15(els of)]TJ
-7.1884 -1.1528 TD
0.044 Tw
[(inte)15(grity or depth. )18(T)80(o discuss inte)14(gr)1(ity)64(,)-279(he adapts the)]TJ
T*
0.225 Tw
[(language of anthropologist Clif)25(for)-1(d Geertz (1973))]TJ
T*
0.156 Tw
[(and describes the conditions when inte)15(grity ranges)]TJ
T*
0.149 Tw
[(from )-1(\322thin\323)-384(to \322thick\323)-384((p. 21). Community service)]TJ
T*
0.12 Tw
[(directed at c)-1(harity)65(,)-355(project,)-355(and social change lacks)]TJ
22.5 41.52591 TD
0 Tw
(inte)Tj
1.42462 0 TD
0.046 Tw
[(grity)65(,)-281(or is thin,)-282(when it is paternalistic,)-282(self-cen-)]TJ
-1.42462 -1.16256 TD
0.005 Tc
0.367 Tw
[(tered,)-622(pr)-1(oduces ne)15(g)5(ati)25(v)15(e consequences,)-622(cr)-1(eates)]TJ
0 -1.16255 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(de)Tj
0.91385 0 TD
0.034 Tw
(pendencies and f)Tj
6.5379 0 TD
(alse e)Tj
2.17786 0 TD
0 Tw
(xpecta)Tj
2.51938 0 TD
(tions,)Tj
2.37404 0 TD
0.034 Tw
(and lea)Tj
2.76905 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(es oth)Tj
2.30506 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06725 -1.16258 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.074 Tw
[(ers tir)-1(ed and c)15(ynical (p. 28). In contrast,)-309(high le)25(v)15(els)]TJ
0 -1.16256 TD
-0.018 Tw
[(of inte)15(grity)65(,)-217(acr)-1(oss the three types of service,)-217(possess,)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 305 414.2253 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.186 Tw
[(deeply held,)-421(inter)-1(nally coherent v)25(alues; match)]TJ
0 -1.18061 TD
0.283 Tw
[(means and ends; describe a primary w)9(ay of)]TJ
0 -1.18062 TD
0 Tw
(inter)Tj
1.75728 0 TD
0.212 Tw
[(preting and rela)-1(ting to the w)10(orld; of)25(fer a)]TJ
-1.75728 -1.18063 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.69716 0 TD
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.96938 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.25 Tw
(of def)Tj
2.49933 0 TD
(ining pr)Tj
3.26799 0 TD
0 Tw
(ob)Tj
0.97 0 TD
0.25 Tw
(lems and solutions; and)Tj
-8.83271 -1.18064 TD
0.186 Tw
[(suggest a vision of what a transf)-1(ormed w)10(orld)]TJ
0 -1.18062 TD
0.025 Tw
(might look lik)Tj
5.49724 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.49488 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
((p. 28))Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 288.8648 342.2719 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.59585 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.031 Tw
(his le)Tj
1.99283 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(el of inte)Tj
3.32768 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
(r)Tj
0.31777 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(ity is described as \322thick\323)-205(because)]TJ
-7.37572 -1.16258 TD
-0.029 Tw
[(of the depth of inte)15(gration between v)25(alues and action.)]TJ
0.9 -1.16256 TD
0.134 Tw
[(Limited research has been conducted to e)25(v)25(alua)-1(te)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16256 TD
0.07 Tw
[(Morton\325)55(s (1995) typology of ser)-1(vice preference and)]TJ
0.0029 Tc
(its)'
1.56362 0 Td
0.003 Tc
0 Tw
(implica)Tj
3.02058 0 TD
0.357 Tw
(tions f)Tj
2.9057 0.00001 TD
(or str)Tj
2.45757 0 TD
0 Tw
(uctur)Tj
2.06974 0 TD
0.357 Tw
(ing service-learning)Tj
-12.01721 -1.16257 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.339 Tw
(courses and other educational programs. Morton)Tj
0 -1.16256 TD
0.158 Tw
((1995) and Br)Tj
5.73074 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
[(ingle,)-393(Ma)-1(gjuka,)-393(Hatc)-1(her)40(,)-393(MacIntosh,)]TJ
-5.73074 -1.16256 TD
0.072 Tw
(and J)Tj
2.0802 0.00001 TD
[(ones (2006) used a forced-c)-1(hoice procedure in)]TJ
-2.0802 -1.16256 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.70692 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(hic)Tj
1.17669 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.78247 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(colle)Tj
1.85368 0.00001 TD
0.063 Tw
[(ge students were ask)9(ed to choose one of)]TJ
-4.51976 -1.16258 TD
0.071 Tw
[(the three types of service for their current acti)25(vi)-1(ties,)]TJ
0 -1.16255 TD
0 Tw
Tj
0.89896 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.037 Tw
[(er the course of my life,)70-272(and what others should)]TJ
-1.36906 -1.16257 TD
0.14 Tw
(do. Mor)Tj
3.25636 0.00001 TD
(ton f)Tj
1.92527 0.00001 TD
(ound c)Tj
2.74353 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(har)Tj
1.23161 0.00001 TD
0.14 Tw
(ity to be the pr)Tj
6.1505 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ef)Tj
0.74662 0.00001 TD
(er)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.14 Tw
(ed para-)Tj
-17.11826 -1.16261 TD
0.003 Tw
[(digm when ask)10(ed about cur)-1(r)1(ent acti)24(vities,)-238(b)20(ut project)]TJ
0 -1.16256 TD
-0.027 Tw
[(w)10(as the modal choice for )-115(v)15(er the course of my life\323)]TJ
T*
0.21 Tw
[((p. 25) and as a recommendation for wha)-1(t others)]TJ
0 -1.16255 TD
0.013 Tw
[(should do. Using the same items b)20(ut collapsing pr)-1(ef-)]TJ
0 -1.16256 TD
0.05 Tw
[(erences acr)-1(oss the three items \(i.e.,)-285(current,)-286(o)15(v)15(er my)]TJ
T*
0.032 Tw
[(life,)-267(others\),)-268(Bringle et al. found that 48% of colle)15(ge)]TJ
T*
0.065 Tw
[(students surv)15(e)15(yed indicated a pref)-1(erence for pro)15(vid)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.117 Tw
[(ing charity or direct ser)-1(vice,)-352(f)1(ollo)24(w)1(ed b)-1(y 39% pre)1(-)]TJ
0 -1.16255 TD
0.03 Tw
[(ferring service through project de)25(v)14(elopment or or)18(g)5(a-)]TJ
0 -1.16256 TD
0 Tw
(niza)Tj
1.60553 0.00001 TD
(tions,)Tj
2.36459 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(and 13% pr)Tj
4.50938 0.00001 TD
[(efer)-1(ring social change. )]TJ
-7.5795 -1.16258 TD
-0.01 Tc
0.407 Tw
[(Moely and Miron (2005) used tw)10(o dif)24(f)1(er)-1(ent)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16256 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.41385 0.00001 TD
-0.03 Tc
0 Tw
(ppr)Tj
1.24277 0.00001 TD
(oac)Tj
1.29769 0.00001 TD
0.079 Tw
(hes to measur)Tj
5.26679 0.00001 TD
[(ing prefer)-1(ences for types of ser-)]TJ
-8.2211 -1.16258 TD
0 Tw
(vice:)Tj
2.0417 0.00001 TD
0.028 Tw
((a) a r)Tj
2.23266 0.00001 TD
(anking of the impor)Tj
7.42957 0.00001 TD
(tance of the thr)Tj
5.62943 0.00001 TD
(ee types)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
14 0 0 14 86.1486 675.2144 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Anal)1(yzing Mor)1(ton\325)38(s )31(T)74(ypolo)1(gy of Ser)11(vice P)10(a)-1(r)1(adigms and Inte)1(grity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 150.6224 645.5566 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Rober)1(t G)1(. Br)1(ingle)1(,)-259(J)15(ulie )56(A. Ha)1(t)-1(cher)93(,)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 302.1343 645.5566 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(and)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 318.7228 645.5566 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Rac)1(hel E. McIntosh)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 176.8982 633.5567 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Indiana Univer)10(sity-Pur)36(due Univer)10(sity Indianapolis)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 88 591.0568 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(R)Tj
0.59587 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.008 Tw
[(esear)37(c)15(h on colle)40(g)9(e students found limited support for Morton\325)40(s (1995) h)-1(ypothesis that students have a pr)37(ef-)]TJ
-0.59587 -1.16667 TD
-0.014 Tw
[(er)37(ence for one distinct type of ser)-1(vice orientation \(i.e)15(.,)-221(c)15(harity)54(,)-221(pr)45(oject,)-222(social c)15(hang)10(e\). )18(The f)19(indings did r)37(epli-)]TJ
T*
0.071 Tw
[(cate pr)37(e)15(vious f)19(indings that colle)40(g)10(e students pr)36(efer the c)15(harity par)15(adigm. )17(A measur)37(e of inte)40(grity was de)15(vel)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.14 Tw
[(oped and two dimensions wer)37(e identif)19(ied that possessed distinct corr)37(elates. )17(As Morton pr)37(edicted,)-375(as the)]TJ
T*
0.107 Tw
[(de)40(gr)37(ee of inte)39(grity incr)37(eased the pr)37(efer)36(ence for a distinct type of service became blurr)37(ed)-1(,)-342(sug)10(g)10(esting tha)-1(t)]TJ
T*
0.012 Tw
[(de)15(veloping inte)40(grity should be an intentional educational goal and it might be aided b)-1(y e)20(xposing students to)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(all thr)37(ee appr)45(oac)14(hes to community service)15(. Implications for service-lear)-1(ning educator)10(s ar)37(e discussed.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 224 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 5)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
6 0 obj
<<
/Length 14244
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(6)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Bringle)9(,)-275(Hatc)15(her and McIntosh)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.03 Tc
0.067 Tw
[(across four presenta)-1(tions of the three types of service,)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
-0.0301 Tc
(a)Tj
0.4139 0.00001 TD
-0.03 Tc
0.118 Tw
[(nd (b) a rating on a f)20(i)25(v)15(e-point scale of the e)14(xtent to)]TJ
-0.4139 -1.15702 TD
0.133 Tw
[(which the)15(y w)9(ould lik)10(e to eng)5(age in each acti)25(vity for)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.129 Tw
[(descriptions of the three types of service acti)24(vities in)]TJ
0 -1.15702 TD
-0.033 Tw
[(four sectors:)-187(education,)-187(health agencies,)-186(nonpr)-1(of)20(it or)18(g)5(a-)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
0.108 Tw
[(nizations,)-328(and go)15(v)14(ernment of)25(f)20(ices. )29(W)1(hen respondents)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.014 Tw
[(rank ordered their pref)-1(erence for the three types of ser-)]TJ
0 -1.15702 TD
-0.005 Tw
[(vice that wer)-1(e presented four dif)25(ferent w)9(a)1(ys,)-215(the pr)-1(oce-)]TJ
T*
0.05 Tw
[(dure yielded mar)18(ginal r)-1(eliability for social change and)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
0.215 Tw
[(charity)65(,)-436(and unacceptable reliability f)-1(or project \(i.e.,)]TJ
T*
0.094 Tw
[(alpha < .70\). )18(Their results sho)25(wed that under)17(graduate)]TJ
T*
-0.033 Tw
[(students had a clear pref)-1(erence for charity and the mean)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
-0.012 Tw
[(ranks found the follo)25(wing ordering of pr)-1(eference:)-209(char-)]TJ
0 -1.15702 TD
[(ity > project > social change. )18(The rating procedure pro-)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.146 Tw
[(duced scales with mar)18(ginal or unaccepta)-1(ble reliabili-)]TJ
0 -1.15702 TD
0.128 Tw
[(ties,)-348(and a dif)25(ferent order)-1(ing of preference:)-348(charity >)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
0.09 Tw
[(social change > project. )55(Acr)-1(oss the tw)10(o measurement)]TJ
0 -1.15702 TD
0.091 Tw
[(techniques,)-312(the)15(y found mix)15(ed predictors of interest in)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.283 Tw
[(charity \(gender)39(,)-502(high school service,)-503(Federal )29(W)80(ork)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
0.071 Tw
[(Study service\) and social change \(g)-1(ender)40(,)-291(year in col-)]TJ
T*
-0.02 Tw
[(le)15(ge,)-200(e)15(xper)-1(ience with v)25(arious kinds of service\),)-201(with lit-)]TJ
T*
0.004 Tw
[(tle con)40(v)15(er)17(gence across the tw)10(o measur)-1(es of preference)-1(.)]TJ
T*
0.166 Tw
[(The measurement of prefer)-1(ence for project planning)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(w)10(as not reliable enough to per)-1(mit analyses. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 417.4705 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Resear)Tj
2.64951 0 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.41395 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.74485 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Questions)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 398.7005 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Stim)Tj
1.82941 0 TD
(ula)Tj
1.17668 0 TD
0.15 Tw
(ted b)Tj
2.04702 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.87018 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Mor)Tj
1.67684 0 TD
(ton\325)Tj
1.49566 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.75917 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.15 Tw
((1995) anal)Tj
4.56649 0 TD
(ysis of com)Tj
4.74579 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06724 -1.15703 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.015 Tw
(munity service and its implications for designing ser-)Tj
0 -1.15701 TD
0 Tw
(vice-lear)Tj
3.36159 0 TD
0.029 Tw
(ning c)Tj
2.41051 0 TD
0 Tw
(lasses,)Tj
2.74111 0 TD
0.029 Tw
[(this research identif)19(ied the fol-)]TJ
-8.51321 -1.15702 TD
0.025 Tw
[(lo)25(wing resear)-1(c)1(h questions to ad)-1(dress.)]TJ
0.9 -1.15701 TD
0.046 Tw
[(1. Can student prefer)-1(ences for type of community)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15701 TD
0.204 Tw
[(service be relia)-1(bl)1(y measure)-1(d? Morton (1995) pre-)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.058 Tw
(sents no r)Tj
3.79905 0 TD
0 Tw
(elia)Tj
1.38336 0 TD
0.058 Tw
(bility data for his measures because he)Tj
-5.18241 -1.15702 TD
0 Tw
(anal)Tj
1.60553 0 TD
(yz)Tj
0.91385 0 TD
0.226 Tw
(ed them as single items. Moel)Tj
12.6356 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.94567 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(and Mir)Tj
3.31436 0 TD
0 Tw
(on)Tj
-19.41501 -1.15702 TD
-0.002 Tw
[((2005) attained either mar)18(ginall)-1(y acceptable or unac-)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
0.149 Tw
[(ceptable r)-1(eliabilities for both of their measurement)]TJ
T*
0.228 Tw
[(procedures. Bringle et al. (2006) colla)-1(psed across)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(thr)Tj
1.0656 0 TD
0.193 Tw
(ee f)Tj
1.60327 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.80277 0.00001 TD
0.193 Tw
[(ced-choice items. )55(An alter)-1(nati)25(v)15(e approac)-1(h)]TJ
-3.47164 -1.15702 TD
0.072 Tw
(for measuring the three types of community service)Tj
0 -1.15701 TD
0.125 Tw
[(w)10(as implemented in this research and compared to)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(these other pr)Tj
5.28166 0 TD
0 Tw
(ocedur)Tj
2.63046 0.00001 TD
(es.)Tj
-7.01212 -1.15703 TD
0.012 Tw
[(2. Do students ha)20(v)15(e a pr)-1(eference for onl)-1(y one type)]TJ
-0.9 -1.157 TD
0.196 Tw
(of comm)Tj
3.67363 0.00001 TD
(unity ser)Tj
3.53255 0.00001 TD
(vice? Mor)Tj
4.14241 0.00001 TD
(ton (1995) of)Tj
5.44893 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.80525 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(both)Tj
-18.66714 -1.15705 TD
0.031 Tw
[(qualitati)24(v)15(e and quantitati)25(v)15(e e)24(vidence concluding that)]TJ
0 -1.15699 TD
0.119 Tw
[(students often sho)25(wed a pref)-1(erence for one type of)]TJ
0 -1.15702 TD
-0.024 Tw
[(service and resisted being ask)9(ed to do a dif)25(ferent type)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.073 Tw
[(of service. His e)25(vidence leads him to conc)-1(lude that,)]TJ
0 -1.15702 TD
0.044 Tw
[(\322we come to service with a primar)-1(y orientation,)-279(and)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.69716 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.80276 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(k)Tj
0.96096 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.241 Tw
[(out of this orientation. Only occasionally)65(,)-477(I)]TJ
-2.46088 -1.15703 TD
0.016 Tw
[(w)10(ould h)5(ypothesize,)-252(is a primary orientation gi)25(v)15(en up)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(or an alter)Tj
3.93775 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(na)Tj
0.91385 0.00001 TD
(ti)Tj
0.50076 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[<65D3>-260((p. 28-29). )]TJ
-5.2402 -1.157 TD
0.043 Tw
[(3. Can a self-report measure of inte)15(grity be de)25(v)14(el-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.157 TD
0.1 Tw
[(oped? Presumably)65(,)-335(the construct of inte)15(grity of ser-)]TJ
T*
0.095 Tw
[(vice can be def)20(ined and the conceptual domain can)]TJ
T*
-0.025 Tw
[(be sampled with items that ref)-1(lect k)10(e)15(y qualities delin-)]TJ
T*
-0.008 Tw
[(eated by Morton (1995) and c)-1(larif)20(ied thr)-1(ough discus-)]TJ
22.5 63.68423 TD
0.126 Tw
[(sions with him. Such a measure of inte)15(grity w)9(ould)]TJ
0 -1.15775 TD
0.039 Tw
[(need to be applicable to those who f)9(a)20(v)20(or each of the)]TJ
0 -1.15774 TD
0.013 Tw
[(three types of service,)-248(without specif)19(ic refer)-1(ence to a)]TJ
0 -1.15775 TD
0.364 Tw
[(particular type,)-599(and possess sound psychometric)]TJ
0 -1.15774 TD
0.025 Tw
[(properties \(i.e)-1(.,)-260(r)1(elia)-1(bility)65(,)-260(v)25(alidity)65(,)-260(f)10(actor structure\).)]TJ
0.9 -1.15774 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(4)Tj
0.47495 0.00001 TD
(.)Tj
0.68175 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
0.232 Tw
[(Does prefer)-1(ence for only one type of service)]TJ
-2.0567 -1.15775 TD
0.311 Tw
[(diminish or become blurred with a high le)25(v)15(el of)]TJ
T*
-0.006 Tw
[(inte)15(grity? Morton suggests that the distinctions among)]TJ
0 -1.15774 TD
0.075 Tw
[(charity)65(,)-300(pr)-1(oject,)-300(and social change become blurred as)]TJ
0 -1.15775 TD
0.366 Tw
[(the inte)15(grity of the serv)15(er deepens and becomes)]TJ
0 -1.15774 TD
-0.037 Tw
[(\322thick\323:)-18880(At their thick)9(est,)-188(the paradigms seem to inter-)]TJ
0 -1.15776 TD
0.025 Tw
[(sect,)-250(or at least to complement one another\323)-250((p.28).)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 370.2477 553.7243 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Methods)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 287 533.9459 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Subjects)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 515.1685 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.015 Tw
[(Respondents (N = 217) were solicited fr)-1(om dif)25(fer-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15775 TD
0 Tw
[(ent groups of under)18(graduate students at a lar)18(ge urban)]TJ
0 -1.15774 TD
0.072 Tw
[(campus,)-308(to reflect students from the general student)]TJ
0 -1.15775 TD
0 Tw
(popula)Tj
2.63168 0 TD
0.02 Tw
(tion and also with v)Tj
7.64098 0 TD
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
0.02 Tw
(ied le)Tj
2.09801 0 TD
[(v)15(els of community)]TJ
-13.11728 -1.15775 TD
0.022 Tw
[(in)40(v)19(olv)15(ement through either a service-learning course)]TJ
0 -1.15774 TD
0.085 Tw
[(or Federal )29(W)80(ork Study positions in the community:)]TJ
0 -1.15775 TD
0.071 Tw
(students enr)Tj
4.69466 0 TD
(olled in f)Tj
3.60152 0 TD
(our ser)Tj
2.714 0 TD
(vice lear)Tj
3.34952 0 TD
(ning cour)Tj
3.74015 0 TD
(ses \(n)Tj
-18.09985 -1.15775 TD
(=)Tj
0.86495 0 Td
0 Tw
(37,)Tj
1.52096 0 TD
0.081 Tw
(16.8%\); students enr)Tj
8.10927 0 TD
(olled in one course with-)Tj
-10.49518 -1.15776 TD
0.159 Tw
(out a ser)Tj
3.5699 0 TD
[(vice component \(n = 79,)-394(35.9%\); Federal)]TJ
-3.5699 -1.15774 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.84901 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.80277 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(k)Tj
1.054 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Stud)Tj
1.77384 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
1.05395 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.334 Tw
(students emplo)Tj
6.14136 0 TD
0 Tc
(y)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ed on-campus \(n =)Tj
-12.15992 -1.15776 TD
0.137 Tw
(41,18.6%\); F)Tj
5.20665 0 TD
0 Tw
(eder)Tj
1.66047 0 TD
(al )Tj
1.03427 0 TD
0.137 Tw
[(W)80(ork Study students emplo)9(yed)]TJ
-7.90139 -1.15777 TD
-0.003 Tc
0.363 Tw
[(in community-based settings \(n = 32,)-610(14.6%\);)]TJ
0 -1.15774 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.11 Tw
[(Federal )30(W)80(or)-1(k Study students emplo)10(yed as )55(America)]TJ
0 -1.15775 TD
0.144 Tw
(Reads tutors in community-based settings \(n = 28,)Tj
0 -1.15774 TD
0.005 Tc
0.564 Tw
[(12.7%\) \(three questionnaires wer)-1(e uncoded\).)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.174 Tw
[(Respondents had a mean age = 23.3; 71.8% wer)-1(e)]TJ
0 -1.15775 TD
0.321 Tw
[(female; 53.2% were Caucasian and 30.9% wer)-1(e)]TJ
T*
0.012 Tw
[(African-American; and 46.8% w)-1(ere f)20(ir)-1(st-year under-)]TJ
0 -1.15774 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
(r)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.184 Tw
[(aduate students,)-419(15.9% wer)-1(e second-year under-)]TJ
-0.80276 -1.15775 TD
0.304 Tw
[(graduates,)-539(21.4% wer)-1(e third-year under)18(graduates,)]TJ
T*
0.19 Tw
[(14.1% were f)-1(ourth-year under)18(graduates,)-426(and 1.8%)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(were graduate students.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 287 255.6072 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(Questionnair)37(e)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 236.8297 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.217 Tw
[(The questionnaire contained items de)25(v)15(eloped to)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15775 TD
0.14 Tw
[(measure intrinsic and e)14(xtrinsic moti)25(v)15(es,)-375(leadership,)]TJ
0 -1.15774 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.308 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(amiliar)Tj
2.72679 0 TD
0.11 Tw
[(ity with and interest in the nonprof)19(it sector)40(,)]TJ
-3.03479 -1.15777 TD
0.029 Tw
[(interest in and pref)-1(erence for dif)25(fer)-1(ent types of com-)]TJ
0 -1.15774 TD
0.074 Tw
[(munity service,)-309(and inte)15(grity)65(. Items included (a) the)]TJ
T*
0.015 Tw
[(importance of intrinsic moti)25(v)14(es for selecting a career)]TJ
0 -1.15775 TD
0.024 Tw
[(\(e.g.,)-259(impro)15(v)14(e society through my career; job is con-)]TJ
0 -1.15774 TD
0.129 Tw
[(sistent with my personal v)25(alues; six items,)-365(alpha =)]TJ
0 -1.15775 TD
0.002 Tw
(.83\) and e)Tj
3.80884 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(xtr)Tj
1.0656 0.00001 TD
0.002 Tw
(insic moti)Tj
3.79866 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(es f)Tj
1.35717 0 TD
(or selecting a car)Tj
6.53593 0 TD
(eer \(e.g.,)Tj
-17.0363 -1.15778 TD
0.251 Tw
[(salary; pro)15(vide f)-1(or f)20(inancial needs of my f)10(amil)-1(y;)]TJ
0 -1.15774 TD
0 Tw
(thr)Tj
1.0656 0.00001 TD
0.116 Tw
[(ee items,)-351(alpha = .78\); \(b\) questions based upon)]TJ
-1.0656 -1.15776 TD
0.184 Tw
[(Astin and )55(Astin\325)55(s (1996) Social Change Model of)]TJ
0 -1.15774 TD
0.004 Tw
[(Leadership \(consciousness of self,)-240(congr)1(uence)-1(,)-239(com-)]TJ
T*
0.053 Tw
[(mitment,)-288(collaboration,)-288(comm)-1(on purpose contro)15(v)15(er-)]TJ
0 -1.15775 TD
-0.018 Tw
(sy with ci)Tj
3.67789 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(vility)Tj
1.95639 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.4523 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(citiz)Tj
1.64619 0.00001 TD
-0.018 Tw
(enship\) and tr)Tj
5.25241 0.00001 TD
(aditional models of)Tj
-12.98518 -1.15777 TD
0.001 Tc
0.359 Tw
[(leadership \(e.g.,)-610(gi)25(ving directions,)-610(coor)-1(dinating)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 224 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 6)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
7 0 obj
<<
/Length 12731
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.045 Tw
[(acti)25(vities,)-280(proposing solutions,)-280(promoting communi-)]TJ
0 -1.17655 TD
0.162 Tw
[(cation; 28 items that loaded on an Ef)24(f)20(icac)15(y f)10(actor)39(,)]TJ
T*
0.234 Tw
[(alpha = .89\); \(c\) tw)10(o items measuring f)9(amiliarity)]TJ
-0.0151 Tc
(w)'
0.70693 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.26 Tw
[(ith the nonprof)19(it sector \(e.g.,)-495(had enrolled in a)]TJ
-0.70693 -1.17655 TD
0.057 Tw
[(course that included the nonprof)19(it sector; f)10(amiliarity)]TJ
T*
0.043 Tw
[(with the nonprof)19(it sector\),)-278(and four items measuring)]TJ
T*
0.243 Tw
[(interest in and kno)25(wledge of the nonpr)-1(of)20(it sector)]TJ
0 -1.17654 TD
0.016 Tw
[(\(e.g.,)-251(interest in taking a course on)-1( the nonprof)20(it sec-)]TJ
0 -1.17655 TD
0.145 Tw
[(tor)40(,)-381(interest in emplo)10(yment in the nonprof)19(it sector;)]TJ
0 -1.17656 TD
0.01 Tw
[(six-item scale,)-245(alpha = .79\); \(d\) tw)10(o items measuring)]TJ
T*
-0.035 Tw
[(past e)15(xperience with community ser)-1(vice \(e.g.,)-200(in high)]TJ
0 -1.17654 TD
0.008 Tw
[(school,)-243(in)40(v)20(olv)14(ement of parents\),)-243(and four items mea-)]TJ
0 -1.17655 TD
0.269 Tw
[(suring future interest in comm)-1(unity service \(e.g.,)]TJ
T*
0.106 Tw
[(anticipated in)40(v)19(olv)15(ement after graduation; lik)10(elihood)]TJ
T*
0.122 Tw
[(of contrib)19(uting mone)15(y and raising mone)15(y for com-)]TJ
T*
0.148 Tw
[(munity causes; six-item scale,)-383(alpha = .70\). Single)]TJ
T*
0.211 Tw
[(items also measured:)-446(hours of community service)]TJ
T*
0.019 Tw
[(during the pre)25(vious tw)10(o year)-1(s,)-253(impor)-1(tance of f)10(aith to)]TJ
0 -1.17654 TD
0 Tw
(educa)Tj
2.25655 0 TD
0.197 Tw
(tional and car)Tj
5.62536 0 TD
(eer g)Tj
2.09232 0 TD
0 Tw
(oals,)Tj
2.21745 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.197 Tw
[(rade point a)20(v)15(er)-1(a)1(ge,)]TJ
-12.67668 -1.17657 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
(e)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.495 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(gender)40(,)-260(and class standing)-1(.)]TJ
-0.9377 -1.17656 TD
0.006 Tw
(All r)Tj
1.79167 0 TD
(espondents w)Tj
5.2416 0 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74662 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.67011 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(ask)Tj
1.27805 0 TD
0.006 Tw
(ed to complete those sec-)Tj
-10.62805 -1.17656 TD
0.28 Tw
(tions of the questionnaire. Respondents who had)Tj
0 -1.17654 TD
0.043 Tw
[(ne)25(v)15(er been in)39(v)20(olv)15(ed in community service or v)19(olun-)]TJ
22.5 25.88404 TD
0.37 Tw
[(teer acti)25(vities (n = 37) wer)-1(e instructed to stop)]TJ
0 -1.17655 TD
-0.017 Tw
(responding at this point of the questionnaire and only)Tj
T*
0.086 Tw
[(those who had been in)40(v)19(olv)15(ed in community service)]TJ
-0.0151 Tc
(c)'
0.42889 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(ompleted the f)20(inal tw)9(o sections (n = 180). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 652.9484 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.015 Tw
[(Morton\325)40(s )17(T)74(ypes of Service)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 395.723 652.9484 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.45493 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.015 Tw
[(Modifying the pre)25(vious)]TJ
-11.32723 -1.17655 TD
0.049 Tw
[(research by Morton (1995) three sets of items ask)10(ed)]TJ
T*
0.022 Tw
[(respondents about their \322conf)20(idence in my ability to.)]TJ
0 -1.17654 TD
(.)Tj
0.56763 0 Td
0.098 Tw
[(.)70-333(\322Ov)15(er the course of my lif)-1(e)1(,)-333(I w)10(ould f)-1(eel most)]TJ
-0.56763 -1.17655 TD
0.007 Tw
[(comforta)-1(ble ha)20(ving an impact by . . . \322,)-242(and \322I w)9(ould)]TJ
0 -1.17656 TD
0.005 Tw
(feel most enthusiastic about recruiting others to . . . \322)Tj
T*
0.2 Tw
[((a) \322pro)14(vide direct service to another person\323,)-435((b))]TJ
0 -1.17654 TD
0.059 Tw
[(\322help set up and support community service or)17(g)5(ani-)]TJ
0 -1.17655 TD
-0.007 Tc
0.367 Tw
[(zations\323,)-610(and (c) \322ad)-1(v)20(ocate for social c)-1(hange.)70]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
-0.024 Tw
[(Respondents indicated their pref)-1(erence on a six-point)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 287 535.2936 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.064 Tw
[(str)45(ongly disa)9(gr)37(ee)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 356.8658 535.2936 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(to )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 367.3312 535.2936 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.064 Tw
[(str)45(ongly a)9(gr)37(ee)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 425.9796 535.2936 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.064 Tw
(response format.)Tj
-13.89796 -1.17655 TD
-0.013 Tc
0.373 Tw
[(Each three-item composite scale had accepta)-1(b)1(l)1(e)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.21 Tw
[(internal consistenc)15(y \(c)-1(harity:)-445(alpha = .72; project:)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(alpha = .84; social change:)-260(alpha = .90\).)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 488.2318 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Inte)Tj
1.45465 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
(r)Tj
0.37392 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ity)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 328.6808 488.2318 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.52042 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.051 Tw
(Items w)Tj
3.13898 0 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74662 0 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(e)Tj
0.71433 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(wr)Tj
1.02484 0 TD
0.051 Tw
(itten tha)Tj
3.16467 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.54843 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(sampled the f)Tj
5.29304 0 TD
0 Tw
(ol-)Tj
-19.3194 -1.17657 TD
(lo)Tj
0.72293 0 TD
-0.005 Tw
(wing components of Mor)Tj
9.79297 0 TD
0 Tw
(ton\325)Tj
1.49567 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.60431 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(conce)Tj
2.25664 0 TD
-0.005 Tw
[(pt of inte)15(grity:)]TJ
-14.87252 -1.17656 TD
0.212 Tw
(willingness to r)Tj
6.34911 0 TD
0 Tw
(ecr)Tj
1.17546 0 TD
0.212 Tw
(uit other v)Tj
4.3489 0 TD
0 Tw
(olunteer)Tj
3.15613 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.82068 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.212 Tw
(as a public)Tj
-15.85028 -1.17656 TD
0.149 Tw
[(declaration of interest in and commitment to com)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.17654 TD
0.192 Tw
[(munity service; the de)15(gree to which friends kno)25(w)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 300.1525 716.2092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Morton\325)39(s )18(T)74(ypolo)10(gy of Service P)80(ar)14(adigms and Inte)40(grity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 415.0458 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(T)80(able 1)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 403.5458 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Items Used to Measur)Tj
8.84039 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.71872 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(Inte)Tj
1.51477 0 TD
(grity)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 389.4458 Tm
0 g
(1.)Tj
2 0 Td
0.025 Tw
[(Being in)40(v)19(olv)15(ed in community service is e)25(v)15(er)-1(yone\325)55(s)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
[(responsibility)65(,)-275(therefor)-1(e,)-275(I feel comforta)-1(ble recruit-)]TJ
T*
(ing other)Tj
3.60728 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(s)Tj
0.66387 0 Td
0 Tc
(to be in)Tj
3.00977 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.48022 0 TD
0 Tw
(olv)Tj
1.26293 0 TD
(ed.*)Tj
-11.02408 -2.33335 TD
(2.)Tj
2 0 Td
-0.0001 Tc
(If)Tj
0.94071 0 Td
(I)Tj
0.60781 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(told those who kno)25(w me well that I w)9(as signing)]TJ
-1.54852 -1.16667 TD
(up f)Tj
1.60777 0 TD
(or a comm)Tj
4.32612 0 TD
(unity ser)Tj
3.4962 0 TD
(vice acti)Tj
3.35899 0 TD
[(vity)65(,)-275(the)15(y w)9(ould be)]TJ
-12.78908 -1.16668 TD
0 Tw
[(surprised)-1(.)]TJ
-2 -2.33333 TD
(3.)Tj
2 0 TD
(W)Tj
0.94384 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(hen I am in)Tj
4.56133 0 TD
[(v)20(olv)15(ed in comm)-1(unity service,)-275(I focus)]TJ
-5.50518 -1.16668 TD
[(on what I can accomplish that day)65(.)]TJ
-2 -3.5 TD
(4.)Tj
2 0 Td
-0.0001 Tc
(I)Tj
0.60777 0 Td
0 Tc
[(usually lea)20(v)14(e a community service acti)25(vity with)]TJ
-0.60777 -1.16667 TD
(ideas f)Tj
2.66221 0.00001 TD
(or ad)Tj
2.05161 0 TD
[(ditional w)10(ays that I can be in)39(v)20(olv)15(ed in)]TJ
-4.71382 -1.16668 TD
(the future.*)Tj
-2 -2.33333 TD
(5.)Tj
2 0.00001 TD
(W)Tj
0.94384 0.00001 TD
[(hen I interact with those I am serving,)-275(I tr)-1(y to not)]TJ
-0.94384 -1.16668 TD
[(get too in)40(v)19(olv)15(ed in their personal li)25(v)15(es.)]TJ
-2 -3.5 TD
(6.)Tj
2 0 Td
[(When I am in)40(v)20(olv)14(ed in community service,)-275(I focus)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
(on meeting the immediate need.)Tj
-2 -2.33333 TD
(7.)Tj
2 0 Td
-0.0001 Tc
(My)Tj
1.66371 0 Td
0 Tc
[(community service in)39(v)20(olv)15(ement is one of the)]TJ
-1.66371 -1.16667 TD
[(most important things that def)19(ines who I am.* )]TJ
-2 -2.3333 TD
(8.)Tj
2 0 Td
[(As a result of my community service in)39(v)20(olv)15(ement,)]TJ
0 -1.1667 TD
[(the direction of my life has drama)-1(tically changed.*)]TJ
-2 -2.3333 TD
(9.)Tj
2 0 Td
[(When I serv)15(e another person I am thankful for the)]TJ
0 -1.1667 TD
(opportunity to help.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
7 0 0 7 61 61.5458 Tm
0 g
(Note)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
7 0 0 7 74.2207 61.5458 Tm
0 g
-0.0001 Tc
(.)Tj
0.5249 0 Td
(*)Tj
0.7749 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
(denotes thic)Tj
4.8292 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(k)Tj
0.7747 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
[(alternati)24(v)15(e)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 285 389.4458 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Being in)40(v)19(olv)15(ed in community service is a personal)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
[(choice of each indi)25(vidual,)-275(theref)-1(ore I w)10(ould not feel)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(comf)Tj
2.05444 0 TD
(or)Tj
0.83277 0 TD
(ta)Tj
0.72168 0 TD
(b)Tj
0.5 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(le recruiting other)-1(s to be in)40(v)20(olv)15(ed.)]TJ
-4.10889 -2.33335 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(If)Tj
0.94071 0 Td
(I)Tj
0.60781 0 Td
0 Tc
[(told those who kno)25(w me well that I w)9(as signing up)]TJ
-1.54853 -1.16667 TD
(f)Tj
0.33277 0 TD
(or a comm)Tj
4.32612 0 TD
(unity ser)Tj
3.4962 0 TD
(vice acti)Tj
3.35897 0 TD
[(vity the)15(y w)10(ould not be sur)-1(-)]TJ
-11.51406 -1.16668 TD
0 Tw
(prised.*)Tj
0 -2.33333 TD
(W)Tj
0.94384 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(hen I am in)Tj
4.56133 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.48023 0 TD
[(olv)15(ed in community service)-1(,)-275(I am moti-)]TJ
-5.98541 -1.16668 TD
[(v)25(ated by the f)10(act that I can mak)9(e a dif)25(ference o)15(v)14(er)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(time)Tj
1.77734 0 TD
(.*)Tj
-1.77734 -2.33334 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(I)Tj
0.60777 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(usually lea)20(v)14(e a community service acti)25(vity with a feel-)]TJ
-0.60777 -1.16667 TD
(ing of a job w)Tj
5.65421 0.00001 TD
(ell done)Tj
3.21835 0 TD
(.)Tj
-8.87257 -3.50001 TD
(W)Tj
0.94384 0.00001 TD
(hen I inter)Tj
4.15889 0 TD
[(act with those I am serving,)-275(I am often con-)]TJ
-5.10273 -1.16668 TD
[(cerned by the number of comple)14(x issues influencing)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
[(their li)25(v)15(es.*)]TJ
0 -2.33333 TD
[(When I am in)40(v)20(olv)14(ed in community service,)-275(I focus on)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
[(the long-term impact of my in)40(v)19(olv)15(ement.*)]TJ
0 -2.33333 TD
[(My community service in)39(v)20(olv)15(ement is not one of the)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
[(most important things that def)19(ines who I am.)]TJ
0 -2.33333 TD
[(As a result of my community service in)39(v)20(olv)15(ement,)-275(the)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
[(direction of my life has not dr)-1(amatically changed.)]TJ
0 -2.33333 TD
[(When I serv)15(e another person,)-275(I f)19(ind that we ha)20(v)15(e a lot in)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(common.*)Tj
ET
0.25 w
0 G
60 69.7361 m
492 69.7361 l
S
60 398.453 m
492 398.453 l
S
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 486 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(7)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 224 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 7)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
8 0 obj
<<
/Length 15549
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(8)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Bringle)9(,)-275(Hatc)15(her and McIntosh)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.017 Tw
[(about the respondent\325)55(s interest in community service;)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.052 Tw
[(interest in making a dif)25(fer)-1(ence o)15(v)15(er time as a means)]TJ
T*
0.049 Tw
(for distinguishing life-course commitment to service)Tj
T*
[(\(vs. an episodic approach to ser)-1(vice\); thinking about)]TJ
-0.0152 Tc
(c)'
0.42884 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.012 Tw
[(ommunity service when a)14(w)10(ay from it as e)25(vidence of)]TJ
-0.42884 -1.15001 TD
(h)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
0.141 Tw
[(o)25(w encompassing it is in their li)25(v)15(es \(vs. compar)-1(t)1(-)]TJ
-0.485 -1.15001 TD
0.062 Tw
[(mentalized\); empathic responses; vie)24(wing service as)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.082 Tw
(part of an ongoing commitment; role of community)Tj
0 -1.15001 TD
0.234 Tw
[(service as part of one\325)54(s identity; de)15(gr)1(ee to w)-1(hich)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.039 Tw
[(community service is transf)-1(ormational for one\325)55(s lif)-1(e;)]TJ
T*
0 Tc
0.36 Tw
[(and identif)20(ica)-1(tion (vs. separateness) with those)]TJ
0 -1.15001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.089 Tw
[(serv)15(ed \(see )17(T)80(a)1(ble 1\). )54(A format w)9(as used in which a)]TJ
T*
0.274 Tw
[(high inte)15(grity (\322thick\323) and lo)25(w inte)15(grity (\322thin\323))]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.204 Tw
[(choice were placed at eac)-1(h end. Each choice w)10(as)]TJ
0 -1.15001 TD
0.055 Tw
[(written to pro)14(vide choices that were equally socially)]TJ
T*
0.063 Tw
[(desirable. )55(A six-point r)-1(esponse format with the ends)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0 Tw
(labeled )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 91.4221 516.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Describes me e)20(xtr)36(emely well)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 204.8166 516.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(w)10(as used.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 147.8011 497.1536 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Results)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 477.4526 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.007 Tw
[(F)75(actor Analysis)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 70 458.7526 Tm
0 g
(F)Tj
0.52602 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.153 Tw
(actor anal)Tj
3.91705 0 TD
(yses with )Tj
4.10593 0 TD
0 Tc
(V)Tj
0.59608 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(arimax r)-1(otation were con-)]TJ
-10.04508 -1.15002 TD
0.107 Tw
[(ducted on the inte)15(grity items. )18(There w)9(as not a one-)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.039 Tw
[(f)10(actor solution. )55(A tw)9(o-f)10(actor solution included six of)]TJ
T*
0.015 Tw
[(the nine items,)-250(with the remaining three items f)10(ailing)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.202 Tw
[(to form a thir)-1(d f)10(actor)55(. )18(T)80(able 2 lists the items that)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.164 Tw
[(formed the tw)10(o-f)9(actor solution and their respecti)25(v)15(e)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(alphas. )Tj
2.90349 0 TD
0.024 Tw
(Although these alphas w)Tj
9.58532 0 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74662 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.68776 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(lo)Tj
0.72299 0 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.64198 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.49397 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.024 Tw
(because this)Tj
-15.78213 -1.15002 TD
0.048 Tw
[(w)10(as e)15(xplorator)-1(y research on the concept of inte)15(grity)65(,)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
-0.016 Tw
(items f)Tj
2.62826 0 TD
(or the tw)Tj
3.37791 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(o)Tj
0.70399 0 Td
(f)Tj
0.30824 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(actors \321 Identity (alpha = .67) and)Tj
-7.0184 -1.15001 TD
0 Tw
(Long-T)Tj
2.89462 0 TD
(er)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(m)Tj
0.993 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.005 Tw
[(Commitment (alpha = .66) \321 wer)-1(e com-)]TJ
-4.63423 -1.15001 TD
0.033 Tw
[(bined into scales that wer)-1(e assumed to be tw)10(o some-)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.094 Tw
[(what independent components of inte)15(grity)65(,)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 232.4283 332.2526 Tm
0 g
(r)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 236.1675 332.2526 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.094 Tw
((179) =)Tj
-17.51675 -1.15 TD
0 Tw
(.18,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 78.0499 320.7526 Tm
0 g
(p)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 85.5497 320.7526 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(<)Tj
0.81397 0 Td
0.03 Tw
[(.05. )18(The remaining three items wer)-1(e e)15(xclud-)]TJ
-3.26894 -1.15 TD
0.017 Tw
[(ed from subsequent analyses,)-252(although the)14(y may still)]TJ
T*
0.212 Tw
[(be considered aspects of inte)15(grity that are distinct)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(from the tw)9(o components identif)20(ied in this research. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 269.895 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.008 Tw
[(Morton\325)40(s T)74(ypolo)10(gy)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 70 251.1949 Tm
0 g
-0.0251 Tc
(A)Tj
1.01767 0 Td
(r)Tj
0.308 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.41885 0.00001 TD
-0.025 Tc
(pea)Tj
1.31272 0 TD
0.096 Tw
(ted measur)Tj
4.20491 0 TD
(es MANO)Tj
4.00865 0 TD
0 Tc
(V)Tj
0.56216 0.00001 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(A)Tj
1.01783 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
[(w)10(as conducted to)]TJ
-13.75079 -1.15004 TD
0.132 Tw
[(determine if there wer)-1(e dif)25(ferences in pref)-1(erence for)]TJ
22.5 46.03154 TD
0.03 Tw
[(each of the three types of service. )17(T)1(her)-1(e w)10(as a signif)20(i-)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
-0.016 Tw
[(cant ef)25(fect,)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 329.0881 688.4403 Tm
0 g
(F)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 334.9465 688.4403 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
-0.016 Tw
[(\(2,)-209(177\) = 28.84,)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 399.6066 688.4403 Tm
0 g
(p)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 406.4477 688.4403 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(<)Tj
0.74811 0 Td
-0.016 Tw
[(.01. )18(The means indi-)]TJ
-12.79288 -1.157 TD
0.008 Tw
[(cated that r)-1(espondents had the strongest preference for)]TJ
T*
-0.029 Tw
[(Charity (mean = 4.64),)-196(the lo)25(west prefer)-1(ence for Social)]TJ
T*
0.079 Tw
[(Change (mean = 3.97),)-304(with Project being intermedi)-1(-)]TJ
T*
-0.01 Tw
[(ate (mean = 4.38). Each paired comparison w)10(as signif-)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(icant according to a t-test for dependent means. )Tj
0.9 -1.157 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.01 Tw
[(As another type of e)25(vidence for whether or not stu-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.157 TD
0.089 Tw
[(dents ha)20(v)15(e a distinct pr)-1(eference for one type of ser)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
0.198 Tw
[(vice,)-433(the correlations between inter)-1(est in the three)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
-0.025 Tw
[(types of service wer)-1(e calculated and all were found to)]TJ
T*
-0.002 Tc
0.362 Tw
[(be signif)20(icant and positi)24(v)16(e)1(:)-610(C)1(h)1(a)1(r)1(ity and Social)]TJ
0 -1.15699 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Change,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 321.4135 561.1704 Tm
0 g
(r)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 325.1527 561.1704 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.107 Tw
((178) = .48,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 376.1974 561.1704 Tm
0 g
(p)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 384.464 561.1704 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(<)Tj
0.89054 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.107 Tw
(.01; Charity and Project,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 286 549.6004 Tm
0 g
(r)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 289.7392 549.6004 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.005 Tw
((178) = .46,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 337.7224 549.6004 Tm
0 g
(p)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 344.9685 549.6004 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(<)Tj
0.7885 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.005 Tw
(.05; and Project and Social Change,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 286 538.0305 Tm
0 g
(r)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 289.7392 538.0305 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
((178) = .57,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 338.3342 538.0305 Tm
0 g
(p)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 345.7842 538.0305 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(<)Tj
0.80899 0 Td
(.01. )Tj
-5.88741 -1.157 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.184 Tw
[(As an additional strate)15(gy f)-1(or e)25(v)25(aluating the same)]TJ
-0.9 -1.157 TD
0.246 Tw
[(research issue,)-471(tr)-1(ipartite splits \(roughly)65(,)-471(the highest)]TJ
T*
0.273 Tw
[(one-third,)-498(mid)-1(dle one-third,)-498(lo)25(west one-third\) wer)-1(e)]TJ
T*
0.063 Tw
[(conducted on the distrib)20(ution of scores f)-1(or preference)]TJ
0 Tc
(f)'
0.30777 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.107 Tw
(or eac)Tj
2.37157 0 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(h)Tj
0.80707 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
[(of the types of service. )18(T)80(able 3 presents the)]TJ
-3.48641 -1.157 TD
0 Tw
(conting)Tj
2.82455 0 TD
-0.012 Tw
[(enc)15(y tables f)-1(or )1(t)-1(h)1(e types of ser)-1(vice tak)10(en tw)10(o at)]TJ
-2.82455 -1.157 TD
-0.0252 Tc
(a)Tj
0.64289 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
0 Tw
(time)Tj
1.67752 0 TD
(.)Tj
0.39427 0 Td
-0.0251 Tc
(A)Tj
0.92089 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
-0.001 Tw
[(criterion for e)24(vidence of a distinct preference)]TJ
-3.63557 -1.157 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.30777 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.105 Tw
(or one type of ser)Tj
6.96526 0 TD
[(vice o)15(v)15(er the other w)9(ould be con-)]TJ
-7.27303 -1.15701 TD
0.067 Tw
(tained in the cells tha)Tj
8.19133 0 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(t)Tj
0.54514 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
0 Tw
(ha)Tj
0.87413 0 TD
0.067 Tw
[(v)15(e a high pref)-1(erence for one)]TJ
-9.6106 -1.157 TD
0.013 Tw
(type of ser)Tj
3.97015 0 TD
[(vice and moderate or lo)25(w pref)-1(erence for the)]TJ
-3.97015 -1.157 TD
0.076 Tw
[(other type of service. )18(These cells accounted for 27%,)]TJ
T*
0.012 Tw
[(27%,)-237(and 28% of all of the respondents. )54(An additional)]TJ
T*
0.067 Tw
[(criter)-1(ion w)10(ould be that a respondent w)10(as high on one)]TJ
T*
0.154 Tw
[(type of service and lo)25(w or moderate on both of the)]TJ
T*
0.097 Tw
[(other tw)10(o types of service. )17(T)80(wenty-six percent of the)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(respondents matched this criterion \(T)79(able 3\).)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 286 336.4828 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Inte)40(grity and )17(T)74(ypes of Service)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 295 317.7128 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.072 Tw
[(T)80(o e)25(v)25(aluate the r)-1(elationship between inte)15(grity and)]TJ
-0.9 -1.157 TD
0.01 Tw
(types of ser)Tj
4.44959 0 TD
0 Tw
(vice)Tj
1.60553 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.48035 0 TD
(f)Tj
0.31777 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.01 Tw
[(our prefer)-1(ence groups were crea)-1(ted)]TJ
-6.85324 -1.15701 TD
-0.019 Tw
(based on a median split of pr)Tj
11.00093 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ef)Tj
0.74662 0 TD
-0.019 Tw
[(erence f)-1(or each type of)]TJ
-11.74755 -1.15701 TD
0.002 Tw
[(service:)-238((a) lo)25(w prefer)-1(ence across all three types \(i.e.,)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.292 Tw
[(belo)25(w the median on direct service)-1(,)-527(project,)-527(and)]TJ
T*
0.054 Tw
[(social change; n = 33,)-290(18%\); \(b\) prefer)-1(ence for only)]TJ
0 -1.15699 TD
0.154 Tw
(one type of ser)Tj
6.15029 0.00001 TD
(vice \(i.e)Tj
3.2388 0 TD
0 Tw
(.,)Tj
0.85882 0 TD
0.154 Tw
[(abo)15(v)15(e the median on one)]TJ
-10.24791 -1.15702 TD
0.179 Tw
[(type,)-414(belo)25(w the median on the other tw)9(o; n = 53,)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.158 Tw
(30%\); \(c\) pr)Tj
5.02059 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ef)Tj
0.74662 0.00001 TD
(er)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
0.158 Tw
[(ence for tw)10(o ty)-1(p)1(e)-1(s of service \(i.e.,)]TJ
-6.51382 -1.15702 TD
0.003 Tw
[(abo)15(v)15(e the median on tw)10(o types,)-239(belo)25(w the median on)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.074 Tw
(the other type; n = 39,)Tj
9.17337 0.00001 TD
(22%\); and \(d\) pr)Tj
6.61739 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ef)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
0.074 Tw
[(erence f)-1(or)]TJ
-16.53737 -1.15702 TD
0.087 Tw
[(all three types of service \(i.e.,)-322(abo)15(v)15(e the median for)]TJ
0 -1.15699 TD
(all thr)Tj
2.34219 0.00001 TD
(ee types of ser)Tj
5.78284 0.00001 TD
(vice; n = 55,)Tj
5.39566 0.00001 TD
0.032 Tw
[(31%\). A )-55(one-w)10(ay)]TJ
-13.52069 -1.15702 TD
0 Tw
(ANO)Tj
2.07097 0 TD
0 Tc
(V)Tj
0.57216 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(A)Tj
0.96918 0 Td
(w)Tj
0.69723 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.027 Tw
[(as conducted with the tw)10(o components of)]TJ
-4.30954 -1.15702 TD
0.189 Tw
[(inte)15(grity)65(,)-424(Identity and Long-T)70(er)-1(m Commitment,)-423(as)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.19 Tw
(the de)Tj
2.51551 0.00001 TD
(pendent v)Tj
3.9456 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.74662 0.00001 TD
0.19 Tw
[(iables. In addition,)-425(the f)-1(ollo)25(wing)]TJ
-7.20773 -1.15702 TD
0.144 Tw
[(nonorthogonal comparisons wer)-1(e tested:)-379((a) prefer-)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.002 Tw
(ence f)Tj
2.32632 0.00001 TD
(or one type v)Tj
5.04445 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74662 0.00001 TD
0.002 Tw
[(sus prefer)-1(ence for three types of)]TJ
-8.11739 -1.15702 TD
0.125 Tw
[(service; (b) no pref)-1(erence v)15(er)-1(sus all others,)-360(and (c))]TJ
0 -1.15699 TD
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.80276 0.00001 TD
-0.016 Tw
[(efer)-1(ence for one type v)15(ersus pr)-1(eference for tw)9(o and)]TJ
-0.80276 -1.15701 TD
0.065 Tw
[(three types of service. )17(T)1(her)-1(e w)10(as a signif)20(icant ef)24(f)1(ect)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.008 Tw
(or ser)Tj
2.16636 0.00001 TD
[(vice pref)-1(erences on Identity)65(,)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 422.3354 74.743 Tm
0 g
(F)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 428.2938 74.743 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.008 Tw
((3,175) = 16.14,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 286 63.173 Tm
0 g
(p)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 293.25 63.173 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(<)Tj
0.78897 0 Td
(.01,)Tj
1.67998 0.00001 TD
0.005 Tw
(and on Long-T)Tj
5.74347 0.00001 TD
(erm Commitment,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 448.8969 63.173 Tm
0 g
(F)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 454.8553 63.173 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.005 Tw
((3,175) =)Tj
-39.38553 14.60598 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.53101 0.00001 TD
(a)Tj
0.44384 0.00001 TD
(b)Tj
0.5 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(le 2)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 197.7328 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(F)75(actor Structur)37(e of the Measur)37(e of Inte)39(grity)]TJ
ET
0.5 w
0 G
61 193.33 m
266 193.33 l
S
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 183.6327 Tm
0 g
[(Identity)-13224(Loading)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Item 1)-14768(.69 )]TJ
T*
[(Item 4)-14768(.60)]TJ
T*
[(Item 7)-14768(.79)]TJ
T*
[(Item 8)-14768(.64)]TJ
ET
0.5 w
0 G
61 137.288 m
266 137.288 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 127.5328 Tm
[(Long-T)70(er)-1(m Commitment)-6242(Loading)]TJ
0 -1.1667 TD
[(Item 3)-14768(.74)]TJ
T*
(Item 6)Tj
17.375 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(.77)Tj
ET
61 102.188 m
266 102.188 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 92.4327 Tm
0.025 Tw
(Items Not Loading)Tj
0 -1.1667 TD
(Item 2)Tj
T*
(Item 5)Tj
T*
(Item 9)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 224 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 8)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
9 0 obj
<<
/Length 8831
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 259.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(9.11,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 84.2792 259.0103 Tm
0 g
(p)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 92.1583 259.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(<)Tj
0.85183 0 Td
0.068 Tw
[(.01. In addition,)-303(each contrast w)9(as signif)20(i-)]TJ
-3.86767 -1.22521 TD
0.025 Tw
(cant \(see )Tj
3.65709 0 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.51601 0.00001 TD
(a)Tj
0.42884 0.00001 TD
(b)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(le 4\).)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 229.6484 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Explor)Tj
2.61655 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(tor)Tj
1.12175 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(y)Tj
0.68869 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Re)Tj
0.98505 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
(r)Tj
0.33705 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ession )Tj
2.6517 0.00001 TD
(Anal)Tj
1.82867 0.00001 TD
(yses)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 210.1962 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.065 Tw
[(T)80(w)10(o sets of stepwise multiple r)-1(e)16(gression analyses)]TJ
-0.9 -1.22522 TD
0.135 Tw
[(were conducted to determine w)-1(hich v)25(aria)-1(bles were)]TJ
0 -1.22521 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.227 Tw
[(elated to strength of pref)-1(erence for eac)-1(h type of)]TJ
-0.31776 -1.22522 TD
0.293 Tw
[(community service and for the tw)9(o measures of)]TJ
T*
0.217 Tw
[(inte)15(grity \(i.e.,)-452(identity)65(,)-452(long-term commitment\). In)]TJ
0 -1.22521 TD
0.357 Tw
(both anal)Tj
3.91576 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(yses,)Tj
2.48907 0.00001 TD
0.357 Tw
(the f)Tj
2.08684 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ollo)Tj
1.47076 0 TD
0.357 Tw
(wing ad)Tj
3.446 0 TD
[(ditional v)25(ar)-1(iables)]TJ
-13.40843 -1.22526 TD
0.312 Tw
[(were included as inde)-1(pendent v)25(ariables:)-547(ef)24(f)20(icac)15(y)65(,)]TJ
0 -1.22521 TD
0.029 Tw
[(hours of community service during the pr)-1(e)26(vious tw)9(o)]TJ
T*
0.09 Tw
[(years,)-326(i)1(mpor)-1(tance of f)10(aith to educational and career)]TJ
T*
0.138 Tw
[(goals,)-373(grade point a)20(v)15(er)-1(age)1(,)-373(e)15(xtr)-1(insic moti)25(v)25(ation for)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(ser)Tj
1.1205 0 TD
(vice)Tj
1.6055 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.5837 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(intr)Tj
1.3284 0 TD
0.114 Tw
[(insic moti)25(v)25(ation for career)39(,)-349(history with)]TJ
-4.6382 -1.2252 TD
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.4395 0 TD
0.167 Tw
(unity service and interest in community ser-)Tj
-2.4395 -1.2252 TD
0.033 Tw
[(vice in the future,)-268(f)10(amiliarity with and interest in the)]TJ
22.5 19.584 TD
0.025 Tw
[(nonprof)19(it sector)40(,)-260(age,)-261(gender)40(,)-260(and class standing)-1(. F)15(or)]TJ
0 -1.15388 TD
0 Tw
(anal)Tj
1.60553 0.00001 TD
-0.033 Tw
[(yses of service pref)-1(erence \(charity)64(,)-202(project,)-203(social)]TJ
-1.60553 -1.15389 TD
0.028 Tw
[(change\) as the dependent v)25(ar)-1(iable,)-263(the tw)10(o measur)-1(es)]TJ
0 -1.15388 TD
0.09 Tw
(of inte)Tj
2.55246 0.00001 TD
[(grity were also included as independent v)24(ari-)]TJ
-2.55246 -1.1539 TD
0.042 Tw
[(ables. F)15(or the analyses with the tw)9(o inte)15(gr)1(ity f)9(actors)]TJ
0 -1.15388 TD
-0.023 Tw
[(as the dependent v)25(ar)-1(iable,)-213(prefer)-1(ence for charity)65(,)-213(pro-)]TJ
T*
0.001 Tw
[(ject,)-236(and social chang)-1(e were included as independent)]TJ
0 Tc
(v)'
0.4601 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
(ia)Tj
0.69168 0 TD
0 Tc
(b)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.072 Tw
[(les. )18(T)80(able 5 reports the results of the stepwise)]TJ
-2.38339 -1.1539 TD
0.025 Tw
[(multiple re)15(gression analyses.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 365.6074 147.8043 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Discussion )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 287 128.0646 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(T)74(ypes of Service)]TJ
0.9 -1.87389 TD
-0.013 Tc
0 Tw
[(Measur)37(ement)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 348.6857 109.3256 Tm
0 g
-0.0125 Tc
(.)Tj
0.84737 0 Td
-0.013 Tc
0.373 Tw
[(Dif)25(f)-1(erent )1(approach)-1(e)-1(s)-1( h)-1(a)18(v)15(e)-1( b)-1(e)-1(e)-1(n)]TJ
-7.01594 -1.15388 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.187 Tw
[(used to measure pref)-1(erences for dif)25(fer)-1(ent types of)]TJ
T*
0.18 Tw
[(community service \(Bringle et al. 2006; Moely)-1( &)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(Mir)Tj
1.45451 0.00001 TD
(on,)Tj
1.47589 0.00001 TD
0.036 Tw
[(2005; Morton,)-271(1995\). Rather than ranking or)]TJ
-2.9304 -1.15389 TD
0.214 Tw
[(forced choice,)-450(in the curr)1(ent r)-1(esearch respondents)]TJ
-22.6 63.68399 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(T)80(able 3)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 688.5103 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Conting)10(ency )17(T)92(ables for Pr)37(ef)-1(er)37(ences)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 353.5033 674.4103 Tm
0 g
(Charity)Tj
-9.4043 -1.16667 TD
6.931 Tw
[(Lo)25(w Moderate)-7085(High)]TJ
-23.09607 -1.16667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(S)Tj
0.55592 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
(ocial Change)Tj
-0.55592 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
[(Lo)25(w)-21761(28)-8790(19)-9385(6*)]TJ
T*
[(Moderate)-19738(19)-8790(24)-9384(7*)]TJ
-0.0001 Tc
(H)'
0.72192 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
[(igh)-22069(8*)-8290(27*)-8385(42)]TJ
31.77844 -2.33334 TD
(Charity)Tj
-9.4043 -1.16667 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(L)Tj
0.61085 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
6.931 Tw
[(o)25(w Moderate)-7085(High)]TJ
-23.70691 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(Project)Tj
T*
[(Lo)25(w)-21761(27)-8790(16)-9385(8*)]TJ
T*
[(Moderate)-19738(13)-8790(31)-8884(12*)]TJ
T*
[(High)-21569(15*)-8290(23*)-8385(35)]TJ
31.08551 -2.33333 TD
0.025 Tw
(Social Change)Tj
-7.98945 -1.16667 TD
6.931 Tw
[(Lo)25(w Moderate)-7085(High)]TJ
-23.09607 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(Project)Tj
T*
[(Lo)25(w)-21761(31)-8790(14)-9385(6*)]TJ
T*
[(Moderate)-19738(11)-8790(24)-8884(21*)]TJ
T*
[(High)-21569(11*)-8290(12*)-8385(50 )]TJ
31.08551 -2.33334 TD
0.025 Tw
(Social Change)Tj
-7.98945 -1.16667 TD
6.931 Tw
[(Lo)25(w Moderate)-7085(High)]TJ
-23.09607 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
[(Charity:)-275(Lo)24(w)]TJ
T*
[(Program:)-275(Lo)24(w)-17765(17)-8790(10)-9384(0*)]TJ
T*
[(Program:)-275(Moderate)-16243(4)-9290(6)-9384(3*)]TJ
T*
[(Program:)-275(High)-18074(7*)-8790(3*)-8884(5 )]TJ
0 -2.33333 TD
[(Charity:)-275(Medium)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
[(Program:)-275(Lo)24(w)-17765(10)-9290(3)-9384(3*)]TJ
T*
[(Program:)-275(Moderate)-16243(5)-8790(15)-8884(11*)]TJ
T*
[(Program:)-275(High)-18074(4*)-8790(6*)-8384(13 )]TJ
0 -2.33334 TD
[(Charity:)-275(High)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
[(Program:)-275(Lo)24(w)-18265(4*)-8790(1*)-8884(3)]TJ
T*
[(Program:)-275(Moderate)-16243(2*)-8790(3*)-8884(7)]TJ
T*
[(Program:)-275(High)-18074(0)-9290(3)-8884(32 )]TJ
ET
0.5 w
0 G
61 292.707 m
491 292.707 l
S
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
7 0 0 7 61 285.3102 Tm
0 g
(Note)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
7 0 0 7 74.2207 285.3102 Tm
0 g
-0.0001 Tc
(.)Tj
0.52483 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
(*Cells consistent with Mor)Tj
10.87888 0 TD
[(ton\325)55(s prediction of f)9(a)20(v)20(oring only one type of service)-1(.)]TJ
ET
0.5 w
0 G
60 684.5 m
492 684.5 l
S
60 614.1821 m
492 614.1821 l
S
60 539.627 m
492 539.627 l
S
60 466.767 m
492 466.767 l
S
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 486 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(9)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 300.1525 716.2092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Morton\325)39(s )18(T)74(ypolo)10(gy of Service P)80(ar)14(adigms and Inte)40(grity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 224 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 9)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
10 0 obj
<<
/Length 13759
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(10)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Bringle)9(,)-275(Hatc)15(her and McIntosh)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 538.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.021 Tw
(rated the three types of service by indicating on a six-)Tj
0 -1.15815 TD
0.106 Tw
[(point scale their pref)-1(erence for \322conf)19(idence in their)]TJ
T*
0.005 Tw
[(ability)65(,)70-24015(v)15(er their lifetime,)69-239(and \322recr)-1(uiting others.)70]TJ
T*
0.116 Tw
[(The reliabilities wer)-1(e all mar)18(ginally accepta)-1(ble and)]TJ
0 -1.15816 TD
0.028 Tw
[(analyses found signif)19(icant dif)25(ferences among prefer)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15815 TD
0.013 Tw
(ences and the f)Tj
5.78213 0 TD
0 Tw
(ollo)Tj
1.47077 0 TD
0.013 Tw
(wing rank order of student ratings)Tj
-7.2529 -1.15816 TD
0.105 Tw
[(of pref)-1(erence for service:)-341(charity > project > social)]TJ
0 -1.15815 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(hang)Tj
1.88385 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
(.)Tj
-1.84155 -1.15815 TD
-0.015 Tc
(Concer)Tj
2.79745 0 TD
0.173 Tw
[(ning the f)20(ir)-1(st research question,)-408(the mea-)]TJ
-3.69745 -1.15815 TD
0 Tw
(sur)Tj
1.17668 0 TD
0.152 Tw
(ement procedure used in the current research is)Tj
-1.17668 -1.15816 TD
0 Tw
(tenta)Tj
1.86836 0 TD
(ti)Tj
0.50076 0 TD
0.123 Tw
[(v)15(ely r)-1(ecommended o)15(v)15(er the other procedures)]TJ
-2.36912 -1.15816 TD
0.315 Tw
[(because of its superior reliabilities. Ne)24(v)15(ertheless,)]TJ
0 -1.15815 TD
0 Tw
(ther)Tj
1.49445 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.91915 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.255 Tw
(is con)Tj
2.48613 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(er)17(gence across all of the procedures)]TJ
-5.36984 -1.15815 TD
0.087 Tw
[(\(with the e)15(xception of tw)9(o of Morton\325)55(s results\) that)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(colle)Tj
1.85347 0 TD
0.124 Tw
[(ge students ha)20(v)15(e a c)-1(lear preference f)-1(or charity)]TJ
-1.85347 -1.15816 TD
0.138 Tw
(and \321 with tw)Tj
6.18036 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(o)Tj
0.85782 0 Td
(e)Tj
0.41411 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(xceptions in Moely and Miron\325)54(s)]TJ
-7.45229 -1.15815 TD
0.029 Tw
((2005) r)Tj
3.15688 0 TD
(esults \321 the lo)Tj
5.8627 0 TD
(west interest in a service par-)Tj
-9.01958 -1.15816 TD
0.18 Tw
(adigm dir)Tj
3.90504 0 TD
(ected a)Tj
2.87816 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.67772 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ad)Tj
0.9139 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.46522 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.18 Tw
[(ocac)15(y and social change. )55(As)]TJ
-8.84004 -1.15816 TD
0.135 Tw
[(Morton (1995) notes,)-370(the three dif)25(ferent paradigms)]TJ
0 -1.15814 TD
0.016 Tw
(can ha)Tj
2.48747 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.67946 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(important and dif)25(ferent impli)-1(c)1(a)-1(tions for the)]TJ
-3.63704 -1.15816 TD
-0.037 Tw
(design and implementation of service-learning cours-)Tj
0 -1.15815 TD
0 Tw
(es. )Tj
1.28211 0 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.027 Tw
(hese r)Tj
2.29654 0 TD
[(esults sho)25(w that most colle)14(ge students are)]TJ
-4.17449 -1.15816 TD
0 Tw
(inter)Tj
1.75728 0 TD
0.087 Tw
[(ested in direct service and service through pr)-1(o-)]TJ
-1.75728 -1.15815 TD
0.222 Tw
(jects within a comm)Tj
8.46062 0 TD
(unity or)Tj
3.22212 0.00001 TD
[(g)5(anization,)-457(which are)]TJ
-11.68274 -1.15815 TD
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.80276 0 TD
0.069 Tw
[(esumed to be the most typical w)10(ays in which ser)-1(-)]TJ
-0.80276 -1.15816 TD
0.363 Tw
(vice-learning courses and co-curricular programs)Tj
T*
0 Tw
(in)Tj
0.70804 -0.00001 TD
0.249 Tw
[(v)20(olv)15(e students. )17(Thus,)-484(educators can continue to)]TJ
-0.70804 -1.15814 TD
0.01 Tw
[(include these tw)9(o types o)1(f)-1( )1(comm)-1(unity service acti)25(vi-)]TJ
0 -1.15815 TD
0.165 Tw
[(ties in service-learning courses and kno)24(w that stu-)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(dents,)-260(in general,)-260(will vie)24(w them as most attracti)25(v)14(e)1(.)]TJ
0.9 -1.15814 TD
0.014 Tw
[(That social change elicited the least interest acro)-1(ss)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15815 TD
0 Tw
[(all studies e)15(xcept tw)9(o measures by Moely and Miron)]TJ
T*
0.113 Tw
[((2005) has tw)10(o contrasting implica)-1(tions. First,)-349(con-)]TJ
T*
0.051 Tw
(sistent with Mor)Tj
6.41698 -0.00001 TD
[(ton\325)55(s (1995) recommendation tha)-1(t a)]TJ
-6.41698 -1.15814 TD
0.006 Tw
[(student\325)55(s pref)-1(erence should be honored,)-241(the presence)]TJ
T*
0.035 Tw
[(of service acti)25(vities f)-1(ocused on social change should)]TJ
0 -1.15815 TD
0.005 Tc
0.379 Tw
[(be proportionatel)-1(y minimal in service-learning)]TJ
0 -1.1582 TD
0.418 Tw
(courses and community service programming.)Tj
0 -1.1581 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.034 Tw
[(Ho)25(we)25(v)15(er)39(,)-269(an alterna)-1(ti)25(v)15(e conclusion,)-270(which is consis-)]TJ
T*
0.043 Tw
[(tent with observ)25(ations by Bo)10(yte (1991),)-278(is tha)-1(t com-)]TJ
0 -1.1582 TD
[(munity service as it is typically structured in colle)14(ge)]TJ
0 -1.1581 TD
0.155 Tw
[(may not be the best w)9(a)1(y to ha)19(v)15(e students become)]TJ
22.5 47.48407 TD
0.372 Tw
[(f)10(amiliar with politically-oriented,)-607(justice-oriented,)]TJ
0 -1.15815 TD
0.146 Tw
[(and adv)20(ocac)14(y-oriented acti)25(vities and outcomes that)]TJ
0 -1.15816 TD
0.122 Tw
[(are aligned with social chang)-1(e \(a point with which)]TJ
T*
0.284 Tw
[(Morton agrees,)-519(personal communication,)-519(January)65(,)]TJ
0 -1.15815 TD
0.207 Tw
[(27,)-441(2)-1(006\). Cone \(2003\) reiterates this position by)]TJ
0 -1.15816 TD
0.306 Tw
[(concluding that through service-lear)-1(ning \322we are)]TJ
0 -1.15815 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.308 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.115 Tw
(ailing to help students under)Tj
11.35539 0 TD
(stand tha)Tj
3.56217 0 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(t)Tj
0.61256 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ci)Tj
0.66694 0 TD
0.115 Tw
(vic action)Tj
-16.50507 -1.15817 TD
0.109 Tw
[(in)40(v)19(olv)15(es more than direct service and that systemic)]TJ
0 -1.15815 TD
0.005 Tc
0.432 Tw
[(problems requir)-1(e systemic solutions\323)-686((p. 15).)]TJ
0 -1.15816 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.141 Tw
[(heref)-1(ore,)-376(to correct for this def)20(icienc)14(y)65(,)-376(dispropor-)]TJ
-0.59584 -1.15816 TD
0 Tw
(tiona)Tj
1.92451 0 TD
(tel)Tj
0.95452 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.80059 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(mor)Tj
1.56579 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.74467 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.081 Tw
(thought and pr)Tj
5.78384 0 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(gramming may need)Tj
-12.25893 -1.15817 TD
0.054 Tw
(to be dedicated to the design and implementation of)Tj
0 -1.15816 TD
0.026 Tw
[(w)10(ays in which students can increase their f)9(amiliarity)]TJ
0 -1.15815 TD
0.032 Tw
[(with,)-267(competenc)15(y in,)-267(and moti)25(v)25(ation to w)10(ork to)24(w)10(ard)]TJ
0 -1.15816 TD
0.002 Tc
0.358 Tw
[(social change. Pro)-1(gram initiati)24(v)15(es such as the)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Amer)Tj
2.21637 0 TD
-0.029 Tw
(ican Democr)Tj
4.9413 0 TD
0 Tw
(ac)Tj
0.84281 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.69033 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Pr)Tj
0.85889 0 TD
-0.029 Tw
(oject (ADP),)Tj
5.10476 0 TD
0 Tw
(coor)Tj
1.71662 0 TD
-0.029 Tw
(dinated by)Tj
-16.37108 -1.15817 TD
0.34 Tw
[(the )55(American )54(Association of Colle)15(ges and State)]TJ
0 -1.15816 TD
0.33 Tw
[(Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sities in collaboration with )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 430.1953 341.1238 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.33 Tw
[(The Ne)15(w )75(Y)92(ork)]TJ
-14.41953 -1.15815 TD
0 Tw
[(T)55(imes)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 308.585 329.5423 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.02 Tw
[(,)-255(and the Political Eng)5(agement Project,)-256(coordi-)]TJ
-2.2585 -1.15816 TD
0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(na)Tj
0.95384 0 TD
0.633 Tw
(ted b)Tj
2.62932 0 TD
0.0049 Tc
(y)Tj
1.39248 0 Td
0.005 Tc
(the Car)Tj
3.5831 0 TD
0 Tw
(ne)Tj
0.93895 0 TD
0.633 Tw
[(gie F)15(oundation for the)]TJ
-9.49769 -1.15816 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.014 Tw
[(Adv)25(ancement of )18(T)70(eac)-1(hing and Learning,)-249(mak)10(e more)]TJ
0 Tc
(e)'
0.41396 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.185 Tw
[(xplicit the vital importance of ci)25(vic lear)-1(ning out-)]TJ
-0.41396 -1.15816 TD
0.005 Tc
0.41 Tw
(comes to incr)Tj
6.27168 0 TD
(ease participation in democratic)Tj
-6.27168 -1.15815 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.375 Tw
[(processes,)-610(political acti)24(vities,)-610(and seeking social)]TJ
0 -1.15817 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(hang)Tj
1.88385 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.62422 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.154 Tw
[(Instructors of service-lear)-1(ning classes may)]TJ
-3.36577 -1.15817 TD
0.111 Tw
(also choose to intentionally incorporate community)Tj
0 -1.15816 TD
0.156 Tw
[(service directed a)-1(t social change into their courses)]TJ
0 -1.15815 TD
0.106 Tw
[(and design reflection acti)24(vities that inte)15(grate course)]TJ
0 -1.15816 TD
0.007 Tw
(content with issues contained in this type of comm)Tj
19.58224 -0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(u)Tj
0.48501 -0.00001 TD
(-)Tj
-20.06725 -1.15815 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.148 Tw
[(nity service \(e.g.,)-384(social justice,)-383(polic)15(y analysis\) to)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(de)25(v)15(elop student interest in social c)-1(hange)1(.)]TJ
0.9 -1.15816 TD
0.26 Tw
[(Not all courses may be well-suited for ser)-1(vice)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15815 TD
0.33 Tw
[(e)15(xperiences to in)40(v)19(olv)15(e students in social change)]TJ
0 -1.15816 TD
0 Tw
(acti)Tj
1.35846 0.00001 TD
0.086 Tw
(vities due to limita)Tj
7.42774 0.00001 TD
(tions of time)Tj
5.03088 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.5556 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(student compe)Tj
5.69456 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06724 -1.15819 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.056 Tw
[(tenc)15(y)65(,)-291(learning goa)-1(ls in the course,)-291(community part-)]TJ
0 -1.15815 TD
0.237 Tw
[(ner needs,)-472(or f)10(aculty interests. F)15(or man)14(y service-)]TJ
0 -1.15816 TD
0.145 Tw
[(learning courses,)-380(direct ser)-1(vice and projects within)]TJ
T*
-0.023 Tw
[(community or)18(g)4(anizations are most appropria)-1(te for all)]TJ
T*
0.153 Tw
[(stak)10(eholders. Ne)24(v)15(ertheless,)-388(identifying r)-1(esources to)]TJ
0 -1.15815 TD
0 Tw
(culti)Tj
1.67744 0.00001 TD
0.084 Tw
[(v)25(ate ci)25(vic learning through str)-1(uctured reflection)]TJ
-1.67744 -1.15816 TD
0.123 Tw
[(\(Gottlieb & Robinson,)-358(2002; Perry & Jones,)-358(2006\))]TJ
T*
0.245 Tw
(and supplemental readings focused on those who)Tj
-22.5 63.68439 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(T)80(able 4)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 688.5103 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Means and Contr)15(asts for One-way )17(ANO)50(V)60(As for Pr)37(ef)-1(er)37(ence for )18(T)74(ype of Service and Inte)39(grity)]TJ
ET
0.5 w
0 G
61 683.3481 m
491 683.3481 l
S
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 672.5103 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Means \(Standard De)25(viations\))]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
[(Pref)-1(erence for )17(T)80(ype of Service)-9434(N )-5687(Identity)-3399(Long-T)69(erm Commitment)]TJ
-0.0002 Tc
(1)'
0.49983 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
[(:)-275(No Pref)-1(erence)-14799(33)-5158(2.80 (.907))-5559(3.20 (1.13))]TJ
-0.49983 -1.16667 TD
[(2:)-275(Pr)-1(eference for One )17(T)80(ype)-10682(53)-5158(3.12 (.793))-5559(3.66 (1.10))]TJ
T*
[(3:)-275(Pr)-1(eference for )17(T)80(w)10(o )18(T)80(ypes)-10234(39)-5158(3.44 (.988))-5559(4.01 (1.20))]TJ
-0.0002 Tc
(4)'
0.49983 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
[(:)-275(Pr)-1(eference for )17(Three )18(T)80(ypes)-9646(54)-5158(4.13 (1.09))-5559(4.47 (1.24))]TJ
ET
0.5 w
0 G
61 615.632 m
491 615.632 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 604.0103 Tm
[(Contrasts)-24668(Identity)-3399(Long-T)69(erm Commitment)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
(2)Tj
0.77497 0 Td
[(vs. 4)-26186(5.44*)-7750(3.58*)]TJ
-0.77497 -1.16667 TD
(1)Tj
0.77492 0 Td
[(vs. \(2,)-275(3,)-275(4\))-23471(4.12*)-7750(3.76*)]TJ
-0.77492 -1.16667 TD
(2)Tj
0.77492 0 Td
[(vs. \(3,)-275(4\))-24496(3.99*)-7750(2.87*)]TJ
ET
61 568.8071 m
491 568.8071 l
S
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
7 0 0 7 61 561.4103 Tm
0 g
-0.0001 Tc
(N)Tj
0.66689 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(ote)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
7 0 0 7 74.2207 561.4103 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
0.52496 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(df = 175. *)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
7 0 0 7 109.1979 561.4103 Tm
0 g
(p)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
7 0 0 7 114.6229 561.4103 Tm
0 g
(<)Tj
0.83898 0.00001 TD
(.01)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 10)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
11 0 obj
<<
/Length 13140
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(11)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 300.1525 716.2092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Morton\325)39(s )18(T)74(ypolo)10(gy of Service P)80(ar)14(adigms and Inte)40(grity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 331.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.08 Tw
[(ha)20(v)15(e ad)-1(v)20(ocated for social change in )55(Amer)-1(ican soci-)]TJ
0 -1.16457 TD
-0.031 Tw
[(ety \(Burling)5(ame)-1(,)-203(2004; Daloz,)-204(K)25(een,)-204(K)25(een,)-204(& Daloz-)]TJ
0 -1.16456 TD
0 Tc
(P)Tj
0.52602 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
(ks,)Tj
1.63849 0 TD
0.31 Tw
(1996\) can be used to b)Tj
10.22302 0 TD
(uild a connection)Tj
-13.13414 -1.16459 TD
0 Tw
(betw)Tj
1.88361 0 TD
0.247 Tw
[(een (a) direct service and programs,)-482(and (b))]TJ
-1.88361 -1.16457 TD
0.257 Tw
[(social change,)-492(e)25(v)15(en when the community service)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(acti)25(vities are not f)-1(ocused on social change. )]TJ
0.9 -1.16457 TD
0.106 Tw
(The three types of service also had common and)Tj
-0.9 -1.16457 TD
-0.012 Tw
(distinct correlates associated with them in the current)Tj
T*
0.152 Tw
[(research. )55(All three wer)-1(e associated with interest in)]TJ
T*
0.142 Tw
[(and kno)25(wledge of the nonprof)19(it sector)55(. )18(This sho)25(ws)]TJ
0 -1.16456 TD
0.132 Tw
(the centr)Tj
3.46735 0.00001 TD
(ality of the nonpr)Tj
7.04167 0 TD
0 Tw
(of)Tj
0.78299 0 TD
0.132 Tw
(it sector to comm)Tj
7.11233 0 TD
0 Tw
(unity)Tj
-18.40434 -1.16459 TD
-0.005 Tw
[(in)40(v)19(olv)15(ement and suggests that the general population)]TJ
0 -1.16457 TD
0.065 Tw
(of students has a str)Tj
7.83231 0.00001 TD
(ong inter)Tj
3.51255 0.00001 TD
(est in nonpr)Tj
4.67173 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(of)Tj
0.78299 0.00001 TD
0.065 Tw
[(it or)18(g)5(ani)-1(-)]TJ
-16.79958 -1.16459 TD
0.12 Tw
[(zations and will benef)19(it from educational programs)]TJ
0 -1.16456 TD
0 Tw
(tha)Tj
1.17668 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.54309 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(incr)Tj
1.49457 0 TD
0.045 Tw
(ease their kno)Tj
5.4086 0 TD
[(wledge of the nonprof)19(it sector)]TJ
-8.62294 -1.16459 TD
0.097 Tw
[(\(e.g.,)-332(philanthropic studies,)-332(nonprof)20(it management\).)]TJ
0 -1.16457 TD
0.224 Tw
[(Service-learning instr)-1(uctors can intentionally dra)15(w)]TJ
T*
0.07 Tw
[(upon the kno)25(wledge base about the nonprof)19(it sector)]TJ
0 -1.16456 TD
0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(\(Anheier)Tj
3.55316 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
1.12475 0.00001 TD
0.005 Tc
0.615 Tw
(2005; Clotfelter & Ehrlich 1999;)Tj
-4.6779 -1.1646 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.009 Tw
[(Hammack,)-244(1998; Po)25(well,)-244(1987\) to supplement e)15(xist)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.077 Tw
(ing cour)Tj
3.2616 0 TD
(se content so that students can deepen their)Tj
-3.2616 -1.1646 TD
0 Tw
(under)Tj
2.2016 0 TD
-0.037 Tw
(standing of nonpr)Tj
6.72423 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(of)Tj
0.78299 0.00001 TD
(its\325)Tj
1.341 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31777 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.037 Tw
(ole in society)Tj
4.98212 0.00001 TD
(.)Tj
0.3777 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(Although)Tj
-16.7274 -1.1646 TD
0.149 Tw
[(it is easy to see the nonprof)19(it sector\325)55(s rele)25(v)25(ance to)]TJ
-0.0152 Tc
(eac)'
1.2865 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.6919 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.028 Tw
(of the thr)Tj
3.4595 0 TD
(ee types of ser)Tj
5.43795 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(vice)Tj
1.60553 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.44212 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.028 Tw
(not all students will)Tj
9.57646 26.78502 TD
0.267 Tw
[(seek careers in tha)-1(t sector)55(. Educational programs)]TJ
0 -1.16457 TD
0.124 Tw
[(should also include an e)15(xamination of the r)-1(elation-)]TJ
0 -1.16456 TD
0.18 Tw
(ships and inter)Tj
5.96592 0 TD
0 Tw
(de)Tj
0.91385 0 TD
0.18 Tw
(pendencies betw)Tj
6.59031 0 TD
(een the nonpr)Tj
5.60627 0 TD
0 Tw
(of)Tj
0.78299 0 TD
(it)Tj
-19.85934 -1.16459 TD
(sector)Tj
2.25742 0 TD
0.264 Tw
[(,)-499(the public/g)-1(o)15(v)15(ernment sector)40(,)-500(and the pri-)]TJ
-2.25742 -1.16457 TD
-0.021 Tw
[(v)25(ate/for prof)19(it sector in addressing community needs. )]TJ
0.9 -1.16457 TD
0.128 Tw
[(The pattern of results for the multiple r)-1(e)15(gr)1(ession)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16457 TD
0.206 Tw
[(analyses also pro)15(vided additional e)24(vidence of dis-)]TJ
T*
0.037 Tw
[(crimina)-1(te v)25(alidity among the dif)25(ferent approac)-1(hes to)]TJ
T*
0.038 Tw
[(community service,)-273(which is further endor)-1(sement of)]TJ
T*
0.048 Tw
[(this measurement procedure f)-1(or assessing interest in)]TJ
0 -1.16456 TD
0.321 Tw
(the v)Tj
2.19322 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
0.321 Tw
(ious comm)Tj
4.60271 0 TD
(unity ser)Tj
3.65764 0 TD
(vice paradigms. Other)Tj
-11.20018 -1.16459 TD
-0.016 Tw
[(than the nonprof)19(it sector)40(,)-219(there w)9(as no other correlate)]TJ
0 -1.16457 TD
0.045 Tw
(common acr)Tj
4.8648 0.00001 TD
(oss the r)Tj
3.28694 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.41395 0.00001 TD
(g)Tj
0.48501 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ression analyses for the three)Tj
-9.0507 -1.16459 TD
0.092 Tw
[(types of service. Ef)24(f)21(icac)14(y w)10(as a predictor for social)]TJ
0 -1.16456 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(hang)Tj
1.88385 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.6457 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.018 Tw
(and pr)Tj
2.41846 0 TD
[(oject,)-217(indicating that the general ca)-1(pac-)]TJ
-5.37686 -1.16459 TD
-0.029 Tw
[(ity to ef)25(fect change through one\325)55(s actions \(leader)-1(ship,)]TJ
0 -1.16457 TD
0.017 Tw
[(or)18(g)4(anizing,)-252(communication\) is rela)-1(ted to prefer)-1(ences)]TJ
T*
0.075 Tw
[(for ho)25(w one serv)15(es in these structured and goal-or)-1(i)1(-)]TJ
0 -1.16456 TD
0.028 Tw
(ented types of ser)Tj
6.83816 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(vice)Tj
1.60553 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.4978 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.028 Tw
[(Bandura\325)54(s \(1977,)-263(1997\))1( )-1(w)10(ork)]TJ
-8.94149 -1.16458 TD
-0.033 Tw
[(on self-ef)25(f)20(icac)14(y focuses on a person\325)55(s capacity to tak)10(e)]TJ
0 -1.16457 TD
0.212 Tw
(action to)Tj
3.52291 0.00001 TD
[(w)10(ar)-1(d a goal. )18(These results highlight ho)25(w)]TJ
-3.52291 -1.16457 TD
0 Tw
(ef)Tj
0.72171 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.29799 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(icac)Tj
1.53448 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
1.00009 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.28 Tw
(is centr)Tj
3.07556 0.00001 TD
(al to these tw)Tj
5.92486 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(o)Tj
1.00013 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(types of ser)Tj
4.98967 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(vice)Tj
1.60552 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(.)Tj
-20.15001 -1.1646 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.234 Tw
[(Educators,)-470(therefor)-1(e)1(,)-470(can w)10(ork to)25(w)9(ard de)25(v)15(eloping)]TJ
0 -1.16457 TD
0.02 Tw
(those competencies and skills tha)Tj
12.91603 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.51834 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(suppor)Tj
2.63165 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.5183 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.02 Tw
(the de)Tj
2.32113 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(el)Tj
0.69168 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-42.66723 63.68502 TD
0.025 Tw
[(T)80(able 5)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 688.5103 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Multiple Re)40(gr)37(ession )17(Analyses of Inte)40(grity \(Identity)55(,)-275(Long-T)92(er)-1(m Commitment\) and Pr)37(efer)36(ence for )18(T)74(ypes of)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
[(Service \(Charity)54(,)-275(Pr)45(oject,)-275(Social Chang)10(e\))]TJ
ET
0.5 w
0 G
61 671.848 m
491 671.848 l
S
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 661.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.024 Tw
[(Dependent V)111(ariable:)-276(Identity)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Predictor)-15673(Cumulati)24(v)15(e R)-3013(Final Beta)-6390(F )50(V)111(alue)]TJ
T*
[(Project)-18415(.319)-6016(.27**)-5070(F(1,165) = 18.8**)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
[(Intrinsic)-17915(.368)-6016(.19*)]TJ
30.76249 0 Td
1 g
(*)Tj
5.56981 0 Td
0 g
0.025 Tw
(F(2,164) = 12.8** )Tj
ET
0.5 w
0 G
61 624.406 m
491 624.406 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 613.5103 Tm
-0.024 Tw
[(Dependent V)111(ariable:)-276(Long-T)70(erm )-49(Commitment)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Predictor)-15673(Cumulati)24(v)15(e R)-3013(Final Beta)-6390(F )50(V)111(alue)]TJ
T*
[(Ef)24(f)21(icac)14(y)-17920(.479)-5629(.329**)-4957(F(1,165) = 49.0**)]TJ
T*
[(Hours Serv)15(ed)-15767(.532)-5628(.216**)-4958(F(2,164) = 32.3**)]TJ
T*
[(Social change)-15641(.559)-5628(.188*)]TJ
30.87499 0 Td
1 g
(*)Tj
5.45731 0 Td
0 g
(F(3,163) = 24.7**)Tj
-36.3323 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
[(GP)92(A)-19339(.577)-5628(.146*)]TJ
30.87499 0 Td
1 g
(*)Tj
5.45731 0 Td
0 g
0.025 Tw
(F(4,162) = 20.2**)Tj
ET
61 555.9061 m
491 555.9061 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 545.0103 Tm
-0.024 Tw
[(Dependent V)111(ariable:)-276(Charity)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Predictor)-15673(Cumulati)24(v)15(e R)-3013(Final Beta)-6390(F )50(V)111(alue)]TJ
T*
[(Intrinsic)-17915(.478)-5629(.386**)-4957(F(1,165) = 48.8**)]TJ
0 -1.16666 TD
[(Identity)-18137(.546)-5628(.214**)-4957(F(2,164) = 34.8**)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
[(Nonprof)19(it Sector)-14494(.568)-5628(.174*)]TJ
30.87499 0 Td
1 g
(*)Tj
5.45731 0 Td
0 g
(F(3,163) = 26.0** )Tj
ET
61 497.906 m
491 497.906 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 487.0103 Tm
0 Tw
(De)Tj
1.16577 0 TD
(pendent )Tj
3.39073 0 TD
(V)Tj
0.61108 0 TD
(ar)Tj
0.77661 0 TD
(ia)Tj
0.72168 0 TD
[(ble:)-275(Pr)-1(oject)]TJ
-6.66587 -1.16669 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Predictor)-15673(Cumulati)24(v)15(e R)-3013(Final Beta)-6390(F )50(V)111(alue)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
[(Ef)24(f)21(icac)14(y)-17920(.562)-5629(.427**)-4957(F(1,165) = 76.0**)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(Long-T)Tj
2.98462 0 TD
(er)Tj
0.77661 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(m)Tj
1.05276 0 Td
0 Tc
(Commitment)Tj
16.43263 0 TD
(.590)Tj
7.37837 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(.169**)-4957(F(2,164) = 43.9**)]TJ
-28.62499 -1.16668 TD
[(Nonprof)19(it Sector)-14494(.609)-5628(.175**)-4957(F(3,163) = 32.0**)]TJ
ET
61 439.906 m
491 439.906 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 429.0103 Tm
0 Tw
(De)Tj
1.16577 0 TD
(pendent )Tj
3.39073 0 TD
(V)Tj
0.61108 0 TD
(ar)Tj
0.77661 0 TD
(ia)Tj
0.72168 0 TD
(b)Tj
0.5 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(le:)-275(Social Change)]TJ
-7.16587 -1.16669 TD
0 Tw
(Pr)Tj
0.88867 0 TD
(edictor)Tj
18.44884 0 TD
(Cum)Tj
1.94482 0 TD
(ula)Tj
1.22168 0 TD
(ti)Tj
0.53077 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.4851 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.71885 0 Td
(R)Tj
3.6798 0 TD
0 Tc
(F)Tj
0.5559 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(inal Beta)Tj
9.99672 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(F)Tj
0.7811 0 TD
0 Tc
0 Tw
[(V)111(alue)]TJ
-39.25224 -1.1667 TD
-0.0004 Tc
(Ef)Tj
0.9187 0 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31299 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(icac)15(y)-17921(.515)-5628(.298**)-4957(F(1,165) = 59.5**)]TJ
-1.23169 -1.16668 TD
0 Tw
(Nonpr)Tj
2.55469 0 TD
(of)Tj
0.81299 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(it Sector)Tj
17.87895 0 TD
0 Tw
(.552)Tj
7.37837 0 TD
(.201**)Tj
7.70731 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(F(2,164) = 36.0**)Tj
-36.3323 -1.16668 TD
0 Tw
(Long-T)Tj
2.98462 0 TD
(er)Tj
0.77661 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(m)Tj
1.05276 0 Td
0 Tc
(Commitment)Tj
16.43263 0 TD
(.578)Tj
7.37837 0 TD
(.182**)Tj
7.70731 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(F(3,163) = 27.2**)Tj
-36.3323 -1.16669 TD
0 Tw
(Identity)Tj
21.24662 0 TD
[(.593)-5628(.159*)]TJ
9.62837 0 Td
1 g
(*)Tj
5.45731 0 Td
0 g
0.025 Tw
(F(4,162) = 22.0**)Tj
-36.3323 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(Extr)Tj
1.72143 0 TD
(insic)Tj
19.52519 0 TD
(.607)Tj
7.37837 0 TD
(.133*)Tj
2.25 0 TD
1 g
(*)Tj
5.45731 0 TD
0 g
0.025 Tw
(F(5,161) = 18.8**)Tj
ET
61 362.307 m
491 362.307 l
S
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
7 0 0 7 61 354.9103 Tm
0 g
(Note)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
7 0 0 7 74.2207 354.9103 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
0.525 0 Td
(**)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
7 0 0 7 84.8957 354.9103 Tm
0 g
(p)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
7 0 0 7 90.3207 354.9103 Tm
0 g
(<)Tj
0.83898 0 Td
[(.01,)-275(*)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
7 0 0 7 112.1185 354.9103 Tm
0 g
(p)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
7 0 0 7 117.5435 354.9103 Tm
0 g
(<)Tj
0.83898 0 Td
(.05)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 11)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
12 0 obj
<<
/Length 15424
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(12)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Bringle)9(,)-275(Hatc)15(her and McIntosh)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
0.055 Tw
[(opment of ef)25(f)20(icac)14(y in students enrolled in service-)]TJ
0 -1.16934 TD
0.202 Tw
[(learning classes. F)14(ortunately)65(,)-452(a body of research)]TJ
(e)'
0.42895 0.00001 TD
0.01 Tw
[(xists that has construed ef)25(f)20(icac)14(y within the frame-)]TJ
-0.42895 -1.16935 TD
0.001 Tw
[(w)10(ork of comm)-1(unit)1(y ser)-1(vice and has de)25(v)15(eloped v)25(al-)]TJ
0 -1.16933 TD
0.286 Tw
[(idated tools for further r)-1(esearch \(Ferrari,)-536(2004;)]TJ
0 -1.16934 TD
0.029 Tw
[(Reeb,)-279(2006; Reeb,)-279(Katsuyama,)-279(Sammon,)-279(& )90(Y)110(oder)40(,)]TJ
T*
0.358 Tw
[(1998\). Furthermore,)-608(this f)20(inding reinf)-1(orces the)]TJ
T*
0.059 Tw
[(importance of matc)-1(hing competencies needed in a)]TJ
0 -1.16933 TD
0.31 Tw
[(service site to the student\325)55(s e)14(xisting skills and)]TJ
0 -1.16934 TD
0.05 Tw
[(moti)25(v)15(es,)-300(so that a sense of ef)25(f)20(icac)14(y is culti)25(v)25(ated in)]TJ
T*
0.006 Tc
0.369 Tw
[(service-learn)-1(i)-1(n)-1(g)-1( c)-2(lasses )1(\(Clary)65(,)-626(S)-1(n)14(yder)39(,)-625(R)-1(i)-1(d)-1(g)-1(e)-1(,)]TJ
T*
0 Tc
0.006 Tw
[(Miene,)-256(& Haugen,)-255(1994; Clary et al.,)-256(1998; Houle,)]TJ
0 -1.16933 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Sag)5(ar)-1(in,)-275(& Kaplan,)-275(2005\).)]TJ
0.9 -1.16935 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.265 Tw
[(Pref)-1(erences for char)-1(ity and direct service were)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16934 TD
0.184 Tw
(associated with internal aspects of the respondent:)Tj
T*
-0.005 Tw
[(intrinsic moti)25(v)14(es for a career and the de)15(gree to which)]TJ
0 -1.16933 TD
0.156 Tw
[(service is a part of one\325)54(s identity)65(. )18(These correlates)]TJ
0 -1.16934 TD
0.209 Tw
[(highlight the importance of intrapersonal de)25(v)14(elop-)]TJ
T*
0.153 Tw
[(ment and personal gro)25(wth to educational goals for)]TJ
T*
0.356 Tw
[(students most interested in personal,)-591(one-on-one)]TJ
0 -1.16933 TD
0.168 Tw
[(forms of direct service. )17(T)1(his g)-1(r)1(oup constituted the)]TJ
0 -1.16934 TD
0.078 Tw
[(lar)18(gest subg)-1(r)1(oup in this sample as well as in Moely)]TJ
T*
0.227 Tw
[(and Miron\325)55(s (2005) sample. )55(Attention to per)-1(sonal)]TJ
0 Tc
(g)'
0.485 0 TD
(r)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
(o)Tj
0.4601 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.012 Tw
(wth and v)Tj
3.76039 0 TD
(alues as a dimension of ser)Tj
10.28234 0 TD
0 Tw
(vice-lear)Tj
3.36158 0 TD
(ning)Tj
-18.66717 -1.16935 TD
0.017 Tw
[(course design may challenge f)9(aculty to e)15(xtend learn-)]TJ
0 -1.16934 TD
0.091 Tw
(ing outcomes be)Tj
6.49554 0 TD
0 Tc
(y)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ond academic and cour)Tj
9.20259 0 TD
(se content.)Tj
-16.18313 -1.16935 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.055 Tw
(his f)Tj
1.70982 0 TD
0 Tw
(inding)Tj
2.46567 0 TD
0.055 Tw
[(,)-290(along with input from service-lear)-1(ning)]TJ
-4.77133 -1.16935 TD
0.169 Tw
[(students,)-404(resulted in adding personal v)25(alues to our)]TJ
0 -1.16933 TD
0.025 Tw
[(def)20(inition f)-1(or service-learning:)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 80 354.7024 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Ser)Tj
1.28752 0 TD
0.104 Tw
(vice lear)Tj
3.38299 0 TD
(ning is a cr)Tj
4.54754 0 TD
0 Tw
(edit-bear)Tj
3.41773 0 TD
0.104 Tw
(ing educa)Tj
3.82854 0 TD
0 Tw
(tional)Tj
-16.46433 -1.18817 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.41396 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(xper)Tj
1.71661 0 TD
-0.03 Tw
(ience in w)Tj
3.89839 0 TD
(hich students (a) participate in an)Tj
-6.02896 -1.18817 TD
0.151 Tw
[(or)18(g)4(anized service acti)25(vity that meets identif)19(ied)]TJ
0 -1.18814 TD
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.43951 0 TD
0.078 Tw
(unity needs and (b) r)Tj
8.27087 0 TD
0 Tw
(ef)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
0.078 Tw
(lect on the ser)Tj
5.58916 0 TD
0 Tw
(vice)Tj
-17.04614 -1.18817 TD
(acti)Tj
1.35846 0 TD
0.087 Tw
(vity in suc)Tj
4.17468 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.80658 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.75058 0 Td
(w)Tj
0.69724 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(ay as to g)5(ain further under-)]TJ
-7.78755 -1.18817 TD
0.103 Tw
[(standing of course content,)-338(a broader apprecia)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.18815 TD
0.058 Tw
[(tion of the discipline,)-293(and an enhanced sense of)]TJ
0 -1.18814 TD
0 Tw
(per)Tj
1.23161 0 TD
0.365 Tw
(sonal v)Tj
3.09561 0.00001 TD
(alues and ci)Tj
5.2449 0 TD
[(vic responsibility)65(. \(cf.)]TJ
-9.57212 -1.18817 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Bringle & Hatc)-1(her)40(,)-260(1995,)-260(p. 222\))]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 250.2621 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.154 Tw
[(This slight modif)20(ication has been impor)-1(tant in our)]TJ
0 -1.16933 TD
0.03 Tw
[(w)10(ork with f)9(aculty as we challenge them to ackno)25(wl)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.16934 TD
0 Tw
(edg)Tj
1.39885 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.70165 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(tha)Tj
1.17676 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.53572 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.038 Tw
(both per)Tj
3.22233 0 TD
(sonal v)Tj
2.76859 0 TD
(alues and ci)Tj
4.59084 0 TD
(vic r)Tj
1.76733 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(esponsibil)Tj
3.90518 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06725 -1.16938 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.058 Tw
[(ity can be culti)25(v)25(ated through service-lear)-1(ning cours-)]TJ
0 -1.16934 TD
0.037 Tw
[(es. )55(Ash,)-272(Clayton,)-272(and )54(Atkinson (2005) demonstrated)]TJ
0 -1.16933 TD
0 Tw
(tha)Tj
1.17668 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.55629 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(peda)Tj
1.82772 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
(o)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.058 Tw
[(ical tools can be de)25(v)15(eloped for ser)-1(vice-)]TJ
-5.01569 -1.16937 TD
0.217 Tw
[(learning classes that can impr)-1(o)15(v)15(e students\325)-378(higher)]TJ
0 -1.16934 TD
0.145 Tw
[(order reasoning abilities and cr)-1(itical thinking skills)]TJ
0 -1.16933 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ela)Tj
1.12053 0 TD
(ti)Tj
0.50077 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.98486 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.321 Tw
(to per)Tj
2.53557 0.00001 TD
[(sonal gro)25(wth as well as academic)]TJ
-5.92959 -1.16936 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
(o)Tj
0.4601 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.154 Tw
[(wth and ci)25(vic gro)25(wth,)-389(and,)-389(and as a result,)-389(can)]TJ
-1.26286 -1.16936 TD
0.028 Tw
[(impro)15(v)15(e the o)14(v)15(erall quality of their learning in a ser-)]TJ
0 -1.16934 TD
0 Tw
(vice-lear)Tj
3.36159 0.00001 TD
0.112 Tw
(ning cour)Tj
3.78106 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(se)Tj
0.80277 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.58144 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.112 Tw
[(Furthermore,)-347(intrinsic moti)25(v)25(a-)]TJ
-8.5269 -1.1694 TD
0.119 Tw
(tion will be enhanced w)Tj
9.68515 0.00001 TD
(hen students ha)Tj
6.15922 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.78323 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(the rele-)Tj
-17.0977 -1.1693 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4601 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.244 Tw
[(ant skills to succeed and a sense of satisf)9(action)]TJ
-0.4601 -1.1693 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.4288 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(bout reaching intended goals \(see Br)-1(ingle,)-260(2005\). )]TJ
0.4712 -1.1693 TD
0 Tw
(Pr)Tj
0.8587 0 TD
0.307 Tw
[(efer)-1(ence for social change,)-542(lik)10(e char)-1(ity)65(,)-542(w)10(as)]TJ
-1.7587 -1.1693 TD
0.135 Tw
(associated with identity and also a long-term com-)Tj
22.5 63.68423 TD
0.184 Tw
[(mitment to service and e)15(xtr)-1(insic moti)25(v)25(ations for a)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.255 Tw
[(career)54(. Service-learning students can benef)20(it from)]TJ
T*
0.267 Tw
[(relating service e)15(xperi)-1(e)1(nce)-1(s)1( to)-1( their personal and)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.063 Tw
[(career goals thr)-1(ough appropriate ref)-1(lection acti)25(vities)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.107 Tw
(tailored to the course content. Challenging students)Tj
0 -1.1579 TD
0.02 Tw
[(to see ho)25(w their service rela)-1(tes to their career aspira-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.02 Tw
[(tions and identifying rele)25(v)24(ant professionals who ha)20(v)15(e)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.109 Tw
[(used their disciplinary e)15(xpertise to w)9(ork with com-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.254 Tw
[(munity partners to address comm)-1(unity needs can)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.303 Tw
(help students link community service to broader)Tj
0 -1.15789 TD
0.169 Tw
(domains of career and long-term commitments. In)Tj
0 -1.15791 TD
0.049 Tw
[(this w)10(ay)65(,)-285(service-learning can contrib)19(ute to de)25(v)15(elop-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.003 Tw
[(ing ci)25(vic-minded graduates and ci)25(vic-minded pr)-1(ofes-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.02 Tw
[(sionals \(Peters,)-255(2004; Sulli)25(v)25(an,)-255(2005\) who see them-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.015 Tw
[(selv)15(es as social trustees of kno)24(wledge with a respon-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.121 Tw
[(sibility to w)10(or)-1(k with others,)-356(both professionals and)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.025 Tw
[(citizens,)-260(to addr)-1(ess community needs. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 503.1681 Tm
0 g
-0.01 Tc
0.007 Tw
[(Pr)37(ef)-1(er)37(ence for One )18(T)74(ype of Service)14(.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 437.1774 503.1681 Tm
0 g
-0.01 Tc
0.007 Tw
(The results of)Tj
-15.01774 -1.15789 TD
0.16 Tw
[(the current research did not of)25(fer v)15(ery con)39(vincing)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.189 Tw
[(e)25(vidence for Morton\325)55(s (1995) contention that stu-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.013 Tw
[(dents ha)20(v)15(e a pref)-1(erence for only one paradigm. )17(T)1(his)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.016 Tw
(conclusion on the second research question is quali-)Tj
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.30299 0 TD
-0.01 Tc
0.155 Tw
(ied b)Tj
2.0769 0 TD
-0.0101 Tc
(y)Tj
0.885 0 Td
-0.01 Tc
0 Tw
(ac)Tj
0.8679 0 TD
0.155 Tw
[(kno)25(wledging that the e)25(vidence from the)]TJ
-4.13279 -1.15791 TD
0 Tw
(cur)Tj
1.24663 0 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.32277 0 TD
-0.01 Tc
0.213 Tw
(ent r)Tj
1.96782 0 TD
0 Tw
(esear)Tj
2.00325 0 TD
0.213 Tw
[(ch w)10(as dependent upon a particular)]TJ
-5.54047 -1.1579 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.43385 0 TD
-0.01 Tc
0 Tw
(ppr)Tj
1.30278 0 TD
0.114 Tw
(oach to measuring interest in the types of ser-)Tj
-1.73663 -1.15791 TD
0.009 Tw
(vice and the cr)Tj
5.73559 0 TD
0 Tw
(iter)Tj
1.2923 0 TD
0.009 Tw
(ion tha)Tj
2.68883 0 TD
-0.0101 Tc
(t)Tj
0.51706 0 Td
-0.01 Tc
[(w)10(as used to e)25(v)24(aluate pref-)]TJ
-10.23379 -1.1579 TD
0.237 Tw
[(erences. )17(T)1(hus,)-478(a dif)25(ferent approach to measuring)]TJ
T*
-0.007 Tw
[(interests and a dif)25(ferent cr)-1(iterion for e)25(v)25(aluating pref)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.01 Tc
0.387 Tw
[(erences might suppor)-1(t a dif)25(ferent conclusion.)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.01 Tc
0.351 Tw
[(Ne)25(v)15(er)-1(theless,)-591(the procedure used in the curr)1(ent)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.068 Tw
[(research (ratings) is a reasonable e)15(xtension of prior)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.34 Tw
[(measurement methods \(forced choice)-1(,)-579(rankings\),)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.007 Tc
0.371 Tw
[(and had acceptab)-1(le psychometric characteristics)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.01 Tc
0.859 Tw
[(\(i.e.,)-1119(reliability)65(,)-1119(v)25(alidity)64(,)-1119(f)10(actor structure\).)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.01 Tc
0 Tw
(Fur)Tj
1.35869 0 TD
(ther)Tj
1.51446 0 TD
(mor)Tj
1.58062 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.43385 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.5778 0 TD
-0.01 Tc
0.098 Tw
(asking f)Tj
3.2112 0 TD
(or de)Tj
2.05954 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.49001 0 TD
-0.01 Tc
[(ree of prefer)-1(ence o)15(v)15(er-)]TJ
-11.22617 -1.15792 TD
0.106 Tw
(comes the shortcoming of ranks and forced choice)Tj
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.43385 0 TD
-0.01 Tc
0.295 Tw
[(pproaches because ratings allo)25(w respondents to)]TJ
-0.43385 -1.15789 TD
0.237 Tw
[(e)15(xpress opinions about the de)15(gree to which the)15(y)]TJ
T*
0.079 Tw
[(ha)20(v)15(e pr)-1(eferences for eac)-1(h of the three types of ser-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.051 Tw
[(vice. )18(These pref)-1(erences were f)-1(ound to be positi)25(v)15(ely)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.005 Tw
[(correlated,)-245(whereas Morton\325)55(s h)4(ypothesis w)10(ould lead)]TJ
T*
-0.018 Tw
[(to the e)15(xpectation that the)14(y w)10(ould be uncorrelated or)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ne)15(g)5(ati)24(v)15(ely correlated. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15789 TD
-0.002 Tc
0 Tw
(Fur)Tj
1.38281 0.00001 TD
(ther)Tj
1.54663 0 TD
(mor)Tj
1.60474 0 TD
0.362 Tw
[(e,)-610(only a minority of respondents)]TJ
-5.43418 -1.15792 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.281 Tw
[(e)15(xpressed pref)-1(erences that wer)-1(e aligned with the)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.41396 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(xpecta)Tj
2.51937 0.00001 TD
(tion tha)Tj
2.90739 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.49779 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(the)15(y w)9(ould f)10(a)20(v)20(or one type of service)]TJ
-6.33851 -1.15792 TD
-0.012 Tc
0.372 Tw
[(and not f)10(a)20(v)20(or the other tw)9(o types. )18(The modal)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.018 Tw
(esponse pa)Tj
4.19091 0.00001 TD
[(ttern w)9(as for respondents who had a pref-)]TJ
-4.50867 -1.15791 TD
0.228 Tw
[(erence f)-1(or all three types \(33% based on median)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(split\),)Tj
2.50188 0 TD
0.067 Tw
[(follo)25(wed by a prefer)-1(ence for only one (30%).)]TJ
-2.50188 -1.15791 TD
0.109 Tw
[(Some of Morton\325)55(s (1995) recommenda)-1(tions for the)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.068 Tw
[(design and implementation of service-learning wer)-1(e)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.173 Tw
[(based on the assumption that students ha)20(v)14(e a pre-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.075 Tw
[(ferred w)10(ay of being in)40(v)19(olv)15(ed in the community and)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0 Tw
(tha)Tj
1.17668 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.76958 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(educa)Tj
2.25659 0.00001 TD
(tor)Tj
1.06559 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.88066 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.272 Tw
(should r)Tj
3.40135 0.00001 TD
(espect tha)Tj
4.09176 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.76953 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.80286 0.00001 TD
0.272 Tw
[(efer)-1(ence and)]TJ
-15.2146 -1.15793 TD
0.086 Tw
[(accommodate to them when,)-321(for e)14(xample,)-321(selecting)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 12)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
13 0 obj
<<
/Length 15159
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(13)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 300.1525 716.2092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Morton\325)39(s )18(T)74(ypolo)10(gy of Service P)80(ar)14(adigms and Inte)40(grity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.01 Tc
0.215 Tw
[(service sites. Furthermor)-1(e)1(,)-456(r)1(esear)-1(c)1(h \(Clar)-1(y)65(,)-455(et al.,)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
-0.0101 Tc
(1)Tj
0.48993 0.00001 TD
-0.01 Tc
0.206 Tw
[(994; Clary et al.,)-446(1998; Houle et al.,)-447(2005\) has)]TJ
-0.48993 -1.15701 TD
0.19 Tw
[(found that satisf)10(action and persistence are g)-1(r)1(ea)-1(ter)]TJ
T*
0.01 Tc
0.408 Tw
[(when service acti)25(vities matc)-1(h the v)20(olunteer\325)55(s)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
-0.01 Tc
0.085 Tw
[(moti)25(v)15(e. )18(This suggests,)-325(then,)-325(tha)-1(t there are potential)]TJ
T*
0 Tc
0.365 Tw
[(costs associated with mismatc)-1(hes and students)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
-0.01 Tc
-0.009 Tw
[(w)10(ould benef)20(it the most when car)-1(e is tak)10(en by educa-)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
-0.023 Tw
[(tors who design service-learning classes in matc)-1(hing)]TJ
T*
0.246 Tw
[(site and v)20(olunteer)55(. Ho)24(w)1(e)25(v)14(er)40(,)-486(the current f)20(indings)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
0.013 Tw
[(suggest that students\325)-179(prefer)-1(ences were not as polar-)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.226 Tw
[(ized and wer)-1(e less distinct than characterized by)]TJ
T*
0.007 Tc
0.358 Tw
[(Morton. )18(T)-1(herefore)-1(,)-615(the risks for inappr)-1(opriate)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
-0.01 Tc
0.097 Tw
[(matc)-1(hes in service-learning classes are lik)10(el)-1(y to be)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.122 Tw
[(lo)25(wer than suggested by Morton. Further)-1(more,)-362(the)]TJ
T*
0.062 Tw
[(current f)20(indings imply that educator)-1(s should design)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
0.24 Tw
[(e)15(xperiences that deepen the inte)15(grity of all three)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.009 Tw
[(types of service,)-250(r)1(ather than cate)14(gorizing students as)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
0.086 Tw
[(f)10(a)20(v)20(or)-1(ing a particular type of service and deepening)]TJ
T*
0.248 Tw
[(the inte)15(grity of only that approach,)-488(a point with)]TJ
T*
-0.004 Tw
[(which Morton concurs \(Morton,)-236(personal communi-)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0 Tw
(ca)Tj
0.86771 0 TD
(tion,)Tj
2.02069 0 TD
0 Tc
(J)Tj
0.37893 0 TD
-0.01 Tc
(an)Tj
0.92385 0 TD
(uar)Tj
1.24663 0 TD
0 Tc
(y)Tj
0.42507 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.50501 0 TD
-0.01 Tc
(27,)Tj
1.48502 0 TD
(2006\).)Tj
-6.95291 -1.15703 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(her)Tj
1.23161 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.81026 0 Td
(w)Tj
0.70701 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(er)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.8103 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.146 Tw
(also a signif)Tj
4.91004 0 TD
(icant n)Tj
2.73486 0 TD
(umber of r)Tj
4.36295 0 TD
0 Tw
(espon)Tj
2.25777 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06724 -1.15703 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.077 Tw
[(dents who had lo)25(w interest in all three types of ser)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
-0.025 Tw
[(vice. Educators ha)19(v)15(e often concentrated on designing)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.80276 0 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.48501 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.109 Tw
[(grams for students who already ha)19(v)15(e an interest)]TJ
-1.28777 -1.15701 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.067 Tw
(or comm)Tj
3.54464 0 TD
[(unity in)40(v)19(olv)15(ement. Much more systematic)]TJ
-3.8624 -1.15701 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.69716 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.80276 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(k)Tj
0.75496 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.035 Tw
[(needs to be focused on ho)25(w to design success-)]TJ
-2.25488 -1.15702 TD
0.012 Tw
(ful ser)Tj
2.43339 0 TD
0 Tw
(vice-lear)Tj
3.36159 0 TD
0.012 Tw
(ning e)Tj
2.37906 0 TD
0 Tw
(xper)Tj
1.71661 0 TD
0.012 Tw
(iences f)Tj
2.97332 0 TD
[(or unmoti)25(v)25(ated stu-)]TJ
-12.86397 -1.15702 TD
0.18 Tw
[(dents who are enrolled in service-lear)-1(ning classes.)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.061 Tw
[(Bringle (2005) has detailed ho)25(w Self-Deter)-1(mination)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
0.016 Tw
(Theory can be used as a guide for designing service-)Tj
0 -1.157 TD
0.033 Tw
[(learning e)15(xper)-1(iences to maximize the lik)10(elihood that)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
0.045 Tw
[(students with lo)25(w moti)25(v)24(a)1(tion for comm)-1(unity service)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.027 Tw
[(ha)20(v)15(e r)-1(e)25(w)10(arding e)15(xperiences tha)-1(t de)25(v)15(elop,)-262(rather than)]TJ
T*
0.005 Tc
0.49 Tw
[(undermine,)-745(intr)-1(insic moti)25(v)25(ation. In particular)40(,)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.016 Tw
(designing e)Tj
4.4179 0 TD
[(xperiences that possess rela)-1(tedness,)-250(com-)]TJ
-4.4179 -1.157 TD
0 Tw
(petenc)Tj
2.50449 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(y)Tj
0.42005 0.00001 TD
(,)Tj
0.58434 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.114 Tw
[(and autonomy will mo)15(v)15(e unmoti)24(v)25(ated stu-)]TJ
-3.50888 -1.15701 TD
0.025 Tw
(dents to)Tj
3.01853 0.00001 TD
[(w)10(ar)-1(d intrinsic moti)25(v)25(ation.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 255.4911 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Inte)Tj
1.45465 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
(r)Tj
0.37392 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ity)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 236.7212 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.145 Tw
[(The measure of inte)15(grity resulted in mix)15(ed f)19(ind-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15702 TD
0 Tw
(ings. )Tj
2.08513 -0.00001 TD
0.063 Tw
(According to this research based on this initial)Tj
-2.08513 -1.15699 TD
0.131 Tw
[(set of items,)-366(the construct w)10(as not unidimensional,)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
-0.034 Tw
[(b)20(ut consisted of at least tw)9(o dimensions \(i.e.,)-201(Identity)65(,)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
0.364 Tw
[(Long-term Commitment\). Furthermor)-1(e,)-598(the thr)-1(ee)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.092 Tw
[(surv)15(e)15(y items that did not load on these tw)9(o f)10(actors,)]TJ
0 -1.15702 TD
0.149 Tw
(although the)Tj
4.92568 0.00001 TD
(y)Tj
0.86929 0 Td
(w)Tj
0.70701 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.81321 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.149 Tw
(not included in these analyses,)Tj
-8.0618 -1.15702 TD
0.069 Tw
(could still be consider)Tj
8.66441 0.00001 TD
(ed as aspects of inte)Tj
7.94144 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.051 Tw
[(rity)65(. The)]TJ
-17.09085 -1.15702 TD
0.032 Tw
[(e)15(xploratory analyses of predictors of the tw)9(o dimen-)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
0.172 Tw
(sions of)Tj
3.16594 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(er some e)Tj
4.01598 0.00001 TD
(vidence of the dif)Tj
7.24675 0 TD
(ferentiation of)Tj
-14.74643 -1.15703 TD
-0.014 Tw
[(these tw)10(o dimensions,)-222(with dif)25(ferent predictors being)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(identif)Tj
2.4853 0 TD
0.062 Tw
(ied in the m)Tj
4.75418 0.00001 TD
(ultiple r)Tj
3.06467 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.41395 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(gression analyses for the)Tj
-10.7181 -1.157 TD
0.091 Tw
[(tw)10(o components. )17(These tw)10(o aspects of inte)15(grity are)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(tenta)Tj
1.8684 0 TD
(ti)Tj
0.5008 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(el)Tj
0.6917 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.7434 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(of)Tj
0.778 0 TD
0.024 Tw
[(fered as a research tool,)-259(ackno)25(wledg)-1(ing)]TJ
-5.0524 -1.157 TD
0.068 Tw
[(that there are aspects of Mor)-1(ton\325)55(s (1995) discussion)]TJ
T*
0.026 Tw
[(of the construct that wer)-1(e not included in the current)]TJ
22.5 63.68398 TD
0.064 Tw
[(research \(def)20(ining problems and solutions,)-300(vision of)]TJ
0 -1.22532 TD
0.072 Tw
[(transf)-1(ormed w)10(orld\) and that )-1(t)1(h)-1(e)1( )-1(psychometric prop-)]TJ
0 -1.22534 TD
-0.008 Tc
0.368 Tw
[(erties can be impro)14(v)15(ed. )17(This research used an)]TJ
0 -1.22532 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42886 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.001 Tw
[(pproach that ma)-1(y or may not be the best method for)]TJ
-0.42886 -1.22534 TD
0.301 Tw
[(measuring inte)15(grity)65(. )17(T)1(he measur)-1(es are self-report)]TJ
0 -1.22533 TD
-0.025 Tw
[(measures and other approac)-1(hes \(e.g.,)-210(beha)20(vioral indi-)]TJ
0 -1.22532 TD
0.266 Tw
[(cator)-1(s,)-501(Morton,)-502(personal communication,)-502(January)65(,)]TJ
0 -1.22533 TD
0.107 Tw
[(27,)-342(2006\) might be prefer)-1(able. Morton\325)55(s discussion)]TJ
T*
0.069 Tw
[(about the nature of inte)15(grity and its implications for)]TJ
0 -1.22532 TD
0.08 Tw
[(educational practice f)19(its well with w)10(ork by Sulli)24(v)25(an)]TJ
0 -1.22534 TD
0.044 Tw
[((2005) and )55(Astin and )55(Astin (1996),)-279(and there should)]TJ
T*
0.184 Tw
[(be additional attention directed at alter)-1(nati)25(v)15(e mea-)]TJ
0 -1.22532 TD
-0.007 Tw
[(sures for the construct and accum)-1(ulating e)25(vidence on)]TJ
0 -1.22534 TD
0.025 Tw
[(dif)25(ferent measur)-1(ement approaches. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 528.4645 Tm
0 g
0.02 Tc
0.457 Tw
[(Inte)40(grity and Pr)37(ef)-1(er)37(ences)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 411.1711 528.4645 Tm
0 g
0.0199 Tc
(.)Tj
0.99645 0 Td
0.02 Tc
0.457 Tw
(Consistent with)Tj
-13.41356 -1.22533 TD
0 Tc
0.23 Tw
[(Morton\325)55(s prediction,)-481(prefer)-1(ence for the types of)]TJ
0 -1.22532 TD
0.094 Tw
[(service did become blur)-1(r)1(ed as inte)15(grity increased)-1(.)]TJ
0 -1.22534 TD
0.118 Tw
[(Those respondents with a prefer)-1(ence for all three)]TJ
0 -1.22532 TD
-0.03 Tw
[(types of service and those with a pref)-1(erence for tw)10(o)]TJ
0 -1.22533 TD
0.054 Tw
(types of service scored higher on both dimensions)Tj
0 -1.22532 TD
0.087 Tw
(of inte)Tj
2.65469 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0 TD
[(rity than did those with a prefer)-1(ence for a)]TJ
-3.15469 -1.22534 TD
-0.017 Tw
[(single type of service. )18(This ef)25(fect w)9(as not the result)]TJ
0 -1.22533 TD
-0.004 Tw
[(of prior e)15(xperience with v)19(olunteering or with inter-)]TJ
0 -1.22532 TD
-0.014 Tw
(est in v)Tj
2.83994 0 TD
(olunteering because partialling out the com-)Tj
-2.83994 -1.22534 TD
0.021 Tw
[(posite v)25(ar)-1(iable of prior e)15(xperience and interest had)]TJ
0 -1.22533 TD
0.285 Tw
[(little consequence when the ordinal v)25(ar)-1(iable of)]TJ
0 -1.22532 TD
0.053 Tw
[(pref)-1(erence in zer)-1(o,)-303(one,)-303(tw)10(o,)-303(or three types of ser)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.22533 TD
-0.015 Tw
[(vice w)10(as correlated with Identity)64(,)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 421.5454 369.1721 Tm
0 g
(r)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 425.2845 369.1721 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tw
((175) = .46; par-)Tj
-13.82845 -1.22533 TD
0.02 Tc
0.437 Tw
(tial cor)Tj
3.40059 0 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.35276 0 TD
0.02 Tc
0 Tw
(ela)Tj
1.22551 0 TD
0.437 Tw
(tion = .41; and with Long-T)Tj
13.82672 0 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.8166 0 TD
0 Tc
(m)Tj
-19.62218 -1.22534 TD
(Commitment,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 346.9324 344.6656 Tm
0 g
(r)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 350.6716 344.6656 Tm
0 g
0.215 Tw
((175) = .37; partial correlation =)Tj
-6.36716 -1.22533 TD
0.044 Tw
[(.32. In contrast to the general thesis that educa)-1(tors)]TJ
T*
0.175 Tw
[(should de)25(v)15(elop the inte)15(grity of only one type of)]TJ
0 -1.22532 TD
0.027 Tw
[(service for those students with a single pref)-1(erence,)]TJ
0 -1.22533 TD
-0.018 Tw
(this pr)Tj
2.50982 0 TD
[(o)15(vides further e)25(vidence f)-1(or the recommenda-)]TJ
-2.50982 -1.22534 TD
0.252 Tw
[(tion that the de)25(v)15(elopment of inte)14(gr)1(ity might be)]TJ
0 -1.22532 TD
0.023 Tw
[(aided by in)40(v)19(olving students in all three approaches)]TJ
0 -1.22533 TD
0.17 Tw
(to comm)Tj
3.69724 0 TD
(unity ser)Tj
3.64109 0 TD
(vice thr)Tj
3.19602 0 TD
(ough curricular and co-)Tj
-10.53435 -1.22535 TD
0.025 Tw
[(curricular programs. Morton concurs,)-275(by noting,)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 305 228.1862 Tm
0 g
-0.0152 Tc
(I)Tj
0.75387 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.201 Tw
[(agree that the original paper pr)-1(obably o)15(v)15(er-)]TJ
-0.75387 -1.25037 TD
0.023 Tw
[(states its case. My thinking is no)24(w that the chal-)]TJ
0 -1.25036 TD
0.001 Tw
[(lenge is pro)15(viding more oppor)-1(tunities for \322deep-)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(ening\323)Tj
2.90773 0.00001 TD
(acr)Tj
1.17546 0.00001 TD
0.097 Tw
[(oss enough v)25(ar)-1(iety that students can,)]TJ
-4.08319 -1.25038 TD
0.182 Tw
(as y)Tj
1.70464 0.00001 TD
(ou sug)Tj
2.73078 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(est,)Tj
1.71747 0 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.29799 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.182 Tw
(ind an e)Tj
3.39436 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(xper)Tj
1.71662 0.00001 TD
0.182 Tw
(ience tha)Tj
3.62792 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(t)Tj
0.67948 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(tr)Tj
0.5808 0 TD
(acks)Tj
-16.93506 -1.25043 TD
-0.016 Tw
[(with their cogniti)25(v)15(e or af)24(f)1(ecti)24(v)15(e map. So the goal)]TJ
0 -1.25035 TD
0.076 Tw
[(is not an opportunity for a service \322ma)-1(tch,)70-311(b)20(ut)]TJ
0 -1.25036 TD
-0.013 Tc
0.373 Tw
(an oppor)Tj
3.79539 0.00001 TD
(tunity f)Tj
3.18505 0 TD
-0.0131 Tc
(or)Tj
1.4167 0 Td
(g)Tj
0.48698 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31973 0.00001 TD
-0.013 Tc
[(eater depth. )17(T)1(hus,)-611(the)]TJ
-9.20385 -1.25038 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.303 Tw
[(reflection process is perhaps more impor)-1(tant)]TJ
0 -1.25037 TD
0.241 Tw
[(than the acti)25(vity itself. \(personal comm)-1(unica-)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
[(tion,)-260(January)65(,)-260(27,)-260(2006\))]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 365.3188 96.2604 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(Refer)-1(ences)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 287 74.2071 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Anheier)Tj
3.07542 0.00001 TD
0.176 Tw
[(,)-411(H. K. (2005). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 373.8406 74.2071 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Nonpr)Tj
2.43599 0.00001 TD
0.176 Tw
[(of)20(it or)36(ganizations:)-393(Theory)55(,)]TJ
-11.08494 -1.25037 TD
0 Tw
[(mana)10(g)9(ement,)-260(policy)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 366.0939 62.9538 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.49489 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.065 Tw
[(Routledge:)-260(Ne)24(w Y)110(ork.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 13)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
14 0 obj
<<
/Length 21902
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(14)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 62 700.7092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.347 Tw
[(Ash,)-582(S. L.,)-582(Cla)-1(yton,)-582(R. H.,)-582(& )55(Atkinson,)-583(M. (2005).)]TJ
1 -1.20114 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(I)Tj
0.31781 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.28 Tw
[(nte)15(grating reflection and assessment to ca)-1(pture and)]TJ
-0.31781 -1.20115 TD
0.005 Tc
0.56 Tw
[(impro)15(v)15(e student learning)-1(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 181.4867 679.0886 Tm
0 g
0.005 Tc
0.56 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of)]TJ
-12.2763 -1.20115 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Community Service Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 173.4111 668.2783 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 177.8662 668.2783 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(11)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 186.5962 668.2783 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((2),)-260(45-59.)]TJ
-13.84402 -1.60115 TD
0.073 Tw
[(Astin,)-363(H.,)-364(& Astin,)-308(A. )-55((1996). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 173.734 653.868 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(A)Tj
0.95906 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.128 Tw
[(social c)15(hang)10(e model of)]TJ
-12.37395 -1.20115 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(l)Tj
0.26289 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.026 Tw
[(eader)10(ship de)14(v)1(elopment.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 157.2789 643.0576 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(L)Tj
0.59592 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.081 Tw
[(os Angeles:)-209(Higher )-55(Education)]TJ
-10.18246 -1.20115 TD
0.025 Tw
(Research Institute.)Tj
-1 -1.60115 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(B)Tj
0.65192 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.054 Tw
[(andura,)-234(A. (1977). Self-Ef)25(f)20(icac)14(y:)-271(T)80(o)25(w)10(ard a unifying the-)]TJ
0.34808 -1.20115 TD
0.245 Tw
[(ory of beha)19(vioral change. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 170.3465 607.0267 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.245 Tw
[(Psyc)15(holo)9(gical Re)15(vie)15(w)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 248.5823 607.0267 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 255.0201 607.0267 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(84)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 263.7501 607.0267 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
-21.41668 -1.20114 TD
-0.015 Tc
(191-215.)Tj
-1 -1.60116 TD
0.026 Tw
[(Bandura,)-206(A. (1997). Self-Ef)25(f)20(icac)14(y:)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 184.3557 581.806 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.026 Tw
[(The e)20(xer)37(cise of contr)44(ol)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 263.75 581.806 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
-21.41667 -1.20115 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Ne)25(w )89(Y)110(ork:)-230(W)92(. H. Freeman.)]TJ
-1 -1.60114 TD
0.04 Tw
[(Bringle,)-275(R. G. (2005). Designing interv)15(entions to promote)]TJ
1 -1.20115 TD
0.248 Tw
[(ci)25(vic eng)4(a)1(gement. In )54(A. Omoto (Eds.),)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 220.4276 545.7751 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.248 Tw
[(Pr)45(ocesses of)]TJ
-16.60307 -1.20115 TD
0.292 Tw
[(community c)15(hang)9(e and social action)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 213.3951 534.9648 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.292 Tw
((pp. 167-187).)Tj
-15.82168 -1.20116 TD
0 Tw
[(Mahw)10(ah,)-260(NJ:)-261(Erlbaum.)]TJ
-1 -1.60115 TD
0.019 Tw
[(Bringle,)-254(R. G.,)-254(& Hatcher)39(,)-253(J. )55(A. (1995). )55(A ser)-1(vice-learning)]TJ
1 -1.20115 TD
0.025 Tw
[(curriculum for f)10(aculty)64(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 151.7258 498.9338 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of Community)]TJ
-8.96953 -1.20115 TD
0 Tw
(Ser)Tj
1.28777 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(vice Lear)Tj
3.63806 0 TD
0 Tw
(ning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 130.7929 488.1235 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 135.2479 488.1235 Tm
0 g
(2)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 139.6129 488.1235 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.49501 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(112-22.)Tj
-9.11867 -1.60115 TD
0.063 Tw
[(Bringle,)-298(R. G.,)-298(Ma)-1(gjuka,)-298(R. J.,)-298(Hatcher)39(,)-298(J. )55(A.,)-298(MacIntosh,)]TJ
1 -1.20116 TD
0.132 Tw
[(R.,)-367(& Jones,)-367(S. G. (2006). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 169.966 462.9028 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.132 Tw
(Motives for service among)Tj
-10.99622 -1.20115 TD
-0.014 Tw
[(entering colle)40(g)9(e students:)-221(Implications for b)20(usiness edu-)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(cation.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 97.1407 441.2822 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Manuscript under re)25(vie)24(w)65(. )]TJ
-3.90452 -1.60115 TD
0 Tw
(Bur)Tj
1.45476 0 TD
(ling)Tj
1.49079 0 TD
(ame)Tj
1.62052 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.53051 0 TD
(D)Tj
0.70692 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
0.53041 0 Td
(F)Tj
0.46117 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.5303 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.061 Tw
((Ed.) (2005). )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 176.1065 426.8719 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Philanthr)Tj
3.65333 0 TD
(op)Tj
0.97 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.72434 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(in )Tj
1.02553 0 TD
(Amer)Tj
2.10553 0 TD
(ica:)Tj
-20.15723 -1.20116 TD
0.025 Tw
[(V)111(ols. 1 and 2)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 116.4209 416.0616 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.49479 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Santa Barbara,)-260(CA:)-205(ABC-CLIO)-1(.)]TJ
-6.54156 -1.60116 TD
0.282 Tw
[(Clary)65(,)-518(E. G.,)-517(Sn)15(yder)39(,)-517(M.,)-518(Ridge)1(,)-518(R. D.,)-517(Copeland,)-518(J.,)]TJ
1 -1.20114 TD
0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(Stukas,)Tj
3.52654 0 TD
(A. )Tj
1.55698 0 TD
(A.,)Tj
1.8669 0 TD
(Haug)Tj
2.18577 0 TD
(en,)Tj
1.83882 0 TD
0 Tc
(J)Tj
0.39392 0 TD
0.005 Tc
(.,)Tj
1.13998 0 TD
0.0049 Tc
(&)Tj
1.41275 0 Td
0.005 Tc
(Miene)Tj
2.57951 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.88498 0 TD
0.005 Tc
0.375 Tw
[(P)111(. (1998).)]TJ
-17.38614 -1.20118 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Under)Tj
2.42353 0 TD
0.096 Tw
[(standing and assessing the moti)25(v)25(ations of v)20(olun-)]TJ
-2.42353 -1.20115 TD
0.032 Tw
[(teers:)-212(A functional appr)-1(oach. Journal of Personality and)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 358.41 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Social Psyc)Tj
4.48208 0 TD
0 Tw
(holo)Tj
1.70807 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
(y)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 134.936 358.41 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 139.391 358.41 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(74)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 148.121 358.41 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.495 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(1516-1530.)Tj
-10.064 -1.60116 TD
(Clar)Tj
1.66143 0 TD
0 Tc
(y)Tj
0.42007 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.61035 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.14 Tw
(E. G)Tj
1.91311 0 TD
0 Tw
(.,)Tj
0.84534 0 TD
0.14 Tw
[(Sn)15(yder)39(,)-375(M.,)-375(Ridge,)-376(R. D.,)-375(Miene,)-375(P)111(. K.,)-376(&)]TJ
-4.4503 -1.20116 TD
0.041 Tw
[(Haugen,)-276(J. )55(A. (1994). Matching messages to moti)25(v)14(es in)]TJ
0 -1.20115 TD
0 Tw
(per)Tj
1.23161 0 TD
0.079 Tw
[(suasion:)-259(A functional approach to promoting v)19(olun-)]TJ
-1.23161 -1.20115 TD
0 Tw
(teer)Tj
1.43829 0 TD
(ism. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 104.024 311.5687 Tm
0 g
(J)Tj
0.40394 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(our)Tj
1.34391 0 TD
0.361 Tw
(nal of )Tj
3.15576 0 TD
0 Tc
(A)Tj
0.59584 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(pplied Social Psyc)15(holo)10(gy)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 247.5368 311.5687 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 255.0199 311.5687 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(24)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 263.75 311.5687 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
-21.41667 -1.20115 TD
-0.015 Tc
(1129-1149.)Tj
-1 -1.60116 TD
0.063 Tw
[(Clotfelter)39(,)-298(C. )18(T)74(. & Ehrlich,)-281(T)75(. \()-1(Eds.\) \(1999\).)1( )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 220.3955 286.348 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(Philanthr)45(opy)]TJ
-16.5995 -1.20115 TD
0.006 Tw
[(and the nonpr)45(of)20(it sector )-1(in a c)15(hanging )18(America)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 235.5375 275.5377 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.47628 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Indiana)Tj
-18.75822 -1.20115 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity Press:)-260(Bloomington,)-260(IN.)]TJ
-1 -1.60115 TD
0.272 Tw
[(Cone,)-507(R. (2003). Service-lear)-1(ning and ci)25(vic education:)]TJ
1 -1.20114 TD
0 Tw
(Challeng)Tj
3.49036 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(ing assumptions. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 163.3157 239.5068 Tm
0 g
(P)Tj
0.516 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(eer Re)Tj
2.50141 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
[(vie)15(w)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 206.2911 239.5068 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 210.7461 239.5068 Tm
0 g
(5)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 215.1111 239.5068 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((3),)Tj
1.61553 0 TD
(12-15.)Tj
-18.62788 -1.60117 TD
(Daloz,)Tj
2.86757 0.00001 TD
0.085 Tw
[(L. )55(A.,)-320(K)25(een,)-321(C. H.,)-320(K)25(een,)-320(J. P)111(.,)-320(& Daloz P)15(ar)-1(ks,)-320(S.)]TJ
-1.86757 -1.20115 TD
0 Tw
((1996). )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 98.2874 214.2861 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.014 Tw
[(Common f)20(ir)36(e:)-221(Li)-1(ves of commitment in a comple)20(x)]TJ
-3.03193 -1.20113 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.65199 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.85892 0 TD
(ld)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 91.3287 203.4759 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.49489 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Boston:)Tj
3.26669 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(Beacon Pr)Tj
4.02722 0 TD
0 Tw
(ess.)Tj
-11.04754 -1.60117 TD
(Delv)Tj
1.86871 0.00001 TD
0.339 Tw
[(e,)-574(C.I.,)-575(Mintz,)-574(S. D.,)-575(& Ste)25(w)10(art,)-575(G. M. (1990).)]TJ
-0.86871 -1.20115 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Promoting v)24(alues de)25(v)15(elopment through community ser-)]TJ
T*
0.142 Tw
[(vice:)-322(A design. In C. I. Delv)15(e,)-377(S. D. Mintz,)-376(& G)-1(. M.)]TJ
0 -1.20114 TD
0 Tw
(Ste)Tj
1.20769 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.69715 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ar)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.5701 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
((Eds.).)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 125.803 156.6346 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Comm)Tj
2.55084 0.00001 TD
0.072 Tw
(unity ser)Tj
3.40852 0 TD
(vice as v)Tj
3.45179 0.00001 TD
(alues educa)Tj
4.65562 0 TD
0 Tw
(tion)Tj
-20.156 -1.20117 TD
0.025 Tw
(No. 5)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 90.053 145.8243 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(0)Tj
0.74488 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[((pp. 7-29). San Francisco:)-260(Josse)15(y-Bass.)]TJ
-3.86188 -1.60115 TD
0.079 Tw
[(Elden,)-315(M.,)-314(& Chisholm,)-315(R. (1993). Emer)18(ging v)25(arieties of)]TJ
1 -1.20115 TD
-0.029 Tw
[(action research:)-206(Introduction to the special issue,)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 240.0454 120.6036 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Human)Tj
-18.7828 -1.2011 TD
(Relations)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 103.7789 109.7933 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 108.234 109.7933 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(46)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 116.964 109.7933 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((2),)-260(121-142. )]TJ
-6.1071 -1.6012 TD
-0.002 Tc
0.362 Tw
[(Fer)-1(rari,)-610(J.R. \(200)-1(4\). )55(Australian healthcare pro)14(viders:)]TJ
1 -1.2011 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.011 Tw
[(Comparing v)20(olunteer)-1(s and temporary staf)25(f in w)9(ork en)40(vi-)]TJ
T*
0.192 Tw
[(ronment,)-426(inter)-1(personal relationships,)-427(and self-ef)25(f)20(icac)15(y)65(.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 62.9521 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Ev)Tj
1.0247 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(aluation and the Health Pr)45(ofessions)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 205.9768 62.9521 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 210.4319 62.9521 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(26)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 219.1619 62.9521 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.495 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(383-397. )Tj
7.04257 70.86189 TD
0.087 Tw
[(Geertz,)-323(C. (1973). )18(Thick description:)-305(T)80(o)25(w)10(ar)-1(d an interpre-)]TJ
1 -1.18394 TD
0.103 Tw
[(ti)25(v)14(e theory of culture. In )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 386.5762 690.0538 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.103 Tw
[(The interpr)37(etation of cultur)36(es)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 679.3981 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[((pp. 3-32). Ne)25(w )90(Y)110(or)-1(k:)-260(Basic Books.)]TJ
-1 -1.58396 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(G)Tj
0.70685 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.17 Tw
[(ottlieb,)-405(K.,)-405(& Robinson,)-404(G. (Eds.) (2002). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 450.7187 665.1425 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(A)Tj
1.00049 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(pr)15(actical)]TJ
-18.19146 -1.18396 TD
0.175 Tw
[(guide for inte)40(gr)15(ating ci)-1(vic r)37(esponsibility into the cur-)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(riculum)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 323.0482 643.8313 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
0.46523 0 Td
0.025 Tw
[(W)80(ashington,)-260(DC:)-260(Community Colle)14(ge Press.)]TJ
-4.47058 -1.58395 TD
-0.002 Tw
[(Hammack,)-233(D.C. (Ed.) (1998). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 392.8425 629.5757 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.002 Tw
[(Making of the nonpr)45(of)19(it sec-)]TJ
-10.76028 -1.18395 TD
0.29 Tw
(tor in the United States.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 393.5343 618.9202 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(Bloomington,)-525(IN)-1(.:)-525(Indiana)]TJ
-10.83715 -1.18396 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity Press.)]TJ
-1 -1.58395 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(H)Tj
0.7069 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.16 Tw
[(oule,)-395(B. J.,)-395(Sag)5(ar)-1(in,)-395(B. J.,)-395(& Kaplan,)-395(M. F)80(. (2005). )55(A)]TJ
0.2931 -1.18396 TD
-0.008 Tc
0.368 Tw
[(functional approach to v)20(olunteer)-1(ism:)-610(Do v)20(olunteer)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.316 Tw
[(moti)25(v)15(es pr)-1(ed)1(i)-1(c)1(t tas)-1(k )1(pr)-1(eference? Basic and )54(A)1(pplied)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 562.0424 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Social Psyc)15(holo)9(gy)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 359.936 562.0424 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 364.391 562.0424 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(27)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 373.121 562.0424 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-260(337-344.)]TJ
-9.569 -1.58396 TD
0.099 Tw
[(Illich,)-334(I. \(1968,)-334(1990\). )18(T)80(o hell with good intentions. In J.)]TJ
1 -1.18395 TD
0.113 Tw
[(K)25(endall (Ed.),)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 349.2576 537.1312 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.113 Tw
[(Combining service and learning:)-313(V)111(ol. 1)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 526.4755 Tm
0 g
-0.003 Tc
0.363 Tw
[((pp. 314-320). Raleigh,)-610(NC:)-610(National Society f)-1(or)]TJ
0 -1.18395 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Internships and Experiential Education.)Tj
-1 -1.58396 TD
0.07 Tw
[(Lack)10(e)15(y)65(,)-250(A. S)-1(.,)-304(Bur)-1(k)10(e,)-305(R.,)-305(& Peterson,)-305(M. (1987). Health)5(y)]TJ
1 -1.18396 TD
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.43951 0 TD
0.328 Tw
[(unities:)-546(T)1(he goal of comm)-1(unity de)25(v)15(elopment.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 480.2532 Tm
0 g
(J)Tj
0.40395 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(our)Tj
1.34392 0 TD
0.052 Tw
[(nal of Community De)15(velopment Society)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 451.0637 480.2532 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 455.7621 480.2532 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(18)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 464.4921 480.2532 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((20),)Tj
2.12758 0 TD
(1-)Tj
-20.84892 -1.18396 TD
(17.)Tj
-1 -1.58396 TD
0.085 Tw
[(Moely)65(,)-320(B. E.,)-320(& Miron,)-320(D)1(. (2005). Colle)14(ge students\325)-245(pr)-1(e-)]TJ
1 -1.18395 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31777 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31777 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.191 Tw
(ed a)Tj
1.76912 0 TD
[(pproaches to community service:)-427(Charity and)]TJ
-3.15127 -1.18397 TD
0.086 Tw
[(social change paradigms. In S. Root,)-321(J. Callahan,)-321(& S.)]TJ
0 -1.18396 TD
0.208 Tw
(H. Billig (Eds.),)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 359.1719 423.3753 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Impr)Tj
1.83869 0 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.47523 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.208 Tw
(ving ser)Tj
3.28122 0 TD
0 Tw
(vice-lear)Tj
3.41773 0 TD
0.208 Tw
(ning pr)Tj
3.00472 0 TD
0 Tw
(actice:)Tj
-19.0367 -1.18398 TD
0.205 Tw
[(Resear)37(c)15(h on models to enhance impacts)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 447.9083 412.7197 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.205 Tw
((pp. 61-78).)Tj
-16.8787 -1.18395 TD
-0.029 Tw
[(Greenwich,)-260(CN:)-261(Information Age )-54(Publishing.)]TJ
-1 -1.58396 TD
0.075 Tw
[(Morton,)-310(K. (1995). )18(The iron)14(y of service:)-310(Charity)65(,)-310(project,)]TJ
1 -1.18395 TD
0 Tw
[(and social change in service-learning)-1(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 428.6501 377.153 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal)]TJ
-14.7389 -1.18396 TD
0.025 Tw
(of Comm)Tj
3.55868 0 TD
(unity Ser)Tj
3.47229 0 TD
(vice Lear)Tj
3.63804 0 TD
0 Tw
(ning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 407.4817 366.4974 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 411.9367 366.4974 Tm
0 g
(2)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 416.3017 366.4974 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.495 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(19-32.)Tj
-14.86186 -1.58396 TD
0.02 Tw
[(Perry)65(,)-256(J. L.,)-255(& Jones,)-256(S. G. (2006). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 409.866 352.2418 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.02 Tw
[(Quic)20(k hit for educa)-1(ting)]TJ
-12.65178 -1.18395 TD
0.079 Tw
[(citizens:)-314(Successful str)14(ate)40(gies by awar)37(d-winning teac)14(h-)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
[(er)10(s)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 306.5022 330.9307 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.4949 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Bloomington,)-260(IN:)-260(Indiana Uni)24(v)15(ersity Press.)]TJ
-2.66181 -1.58396 TD
0.069 Tw
[(Po)25(well,)-275(W)92(. (Ed.) (1987). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 376.2666 316.6751 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.069 Tw
[(The nonpr)45(of)20(it sector:)-287(A r)37(esear)37(c)15(h)]TJ
-8.91851 -1.18396 TD
0 Tw
(handbook)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 330.4147 306.0195 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.49484 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Ne)25(w Ha)19(v)15(en,)-260(CT)50(:)-170(Y)100(ale Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity Press. )]TJ
-5.3187 -1.58396 TD
0 Tw
(Ree)Tj
1.50969 0 TD
0 Tc
(b)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
(,)Tj
0.52659 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.057 Tw
[(R. N.,)-292(Katsuyama,)-292(R. M.,)-291(Sammon,)-292(J. )55(A.,)-292(& )90(Y)110(oder)40(,)]TJ
-1.52128 -1.18397 TD
0.268 Tw
[(D. S. (1998). )18(The Community Service Self-Ef)24(f)20(icac)15(y)]TJ
0 -1.18395 TD
0.264 Tw
[(Scale:)-499(Evidence of relia)-1(bility)65(,)-499(construct v)25(alidity)65(,)-499(and)]TJ
0 -1.18396 TD
-0.006 Tc
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.82101 0.00001 TD
0.366 Tw
[(agmatic utility)65(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 365.2294 259.7972 Tm
0 g
-0.006 Tc
(Mic)Tj
1.52192 0.00001 TD
0.366 Tw
[(higan J)25(ournal of Community)]TJ
-9.21408 -1.18396 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Service Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 355.7929 249.1416 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 360.2479 249.1416 Tm
0 g
(5)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 364.6129 249.1416 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-260(48-57.)]TJ
-8.62366 -1.58396 TD
0.294 Tw
[(Reeb,)-529(R. N. (2006). Community Service Self-Ef)25(f)20(icac)14(y)]TJ
1 -1.18395 TD
-0.007 Tc
0.367 Tw
[(Scale:)-610(Further )1(e)24(v)-1(i)-1(d)-1(e)-1(n)-1(c)-1(e)-1( o)-1(f)-1( r)-1(eliab)-1(i)-1(l)-1(i)-1(t)-1(y)-1( a)-1(n)-1(d)-1( v)24(alidity)65(.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 213.5749 Tm
0 g
(J)Tj
0.40395 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(our)Tj
1.34392 0 TD
-0.002 Tw
(nal of Pr)Tj
3.38027 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.41396 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.42884 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ention & Intervention in the Community)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 488.75 213.5749 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 202.9194 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(32)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 304.73 202.9194 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-260(97-113. )]TJ
-1.97 -1.58396 TD
0 Tc
(P)Tj
0.54091 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.331 Tw
[(eters,)-566(S. J. (2004). Educating the ci)25(vic prof)-1(essional:)]TJ
0.45909 -1.18396 TD
0 Tw
(Reconf)Tj
2.77768 0.00001 TD
(igur)Tj
1.5506 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42884 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.125 Tw
(tions and r)Tj
4.30605 0 TD
0 Tw
(esistances. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 417.5531 178.0082 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Mic)Tj
1.49455 0.00001 TD
(hig)Tj
1.23284 0.00001 TD
0.125 Tw
(an J)Tj
1.73388 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(our)Tj
1.34391 0 TD
0.125 Tw
(nal of)Tj
-19.31108 -1.18399 TD
0.025 Tw
(Community Service Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 398.4111 167.3525 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-260(F)15(all,)-260(47-58)]TJ
-12.37901 -1.58394 TD
(Sulli)Tj
1.7895 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4601 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.023 Tw
[(an,)-228(W)91(. M. (2005). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 371.5361 153.097 Tm
0 g
(W)Tj
0.72597 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(or)Tj
0.85891 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(k)Tj
0.68703 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.023 Tw
[(and inte)40(grity:)-241(The crisis and)]TJ
-10.66481 -1.18397 TD
0.145 Tw
[(pr)45(omise of pr)45(of)-1(essionalism in )18(America)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 438.1571 142.4414 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.145 Tw
((2nd Ed.). San)Tj
-15.79523 -1.18395 TD
0 Tw
[(Francisco:)-260(Josse)15(y-Bass.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 371.7771 112.9903 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Authors)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 95.1349 Tm
0 g
(R)Tj
0.6022 0.00001 TD
-0.025 Tc
(OBER)Tj
2.50696 0.00001 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(T)Tj
0.96121 0 Td
(G)Tj
0.697 0.00001 TD
(.)Tj
0.60027 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
0.15 Tw
(BRINGLE is Chancellor's Pr)Tj
11.39512 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(of)Tj
0.78278 0.00001 TD
(essor)Tj
-18.44554 -1.06559 TD
0.008 Tc
0.367 Tw
(of Psyc)Tj
3.39473 0.00001 TD
[(hology and Philanthropic Studies,)-625(and)]TJ
-3.39473 -1.06557 TD
0.014 Tc
0.361 Tw
[(D)1(i)1(r)1(e)1(c)1(t)1(o)1(r)40(,)-624(Center for Ser)-1(vice and Learning at)]TJ
0 -1.06556 TD
0 Tc
-0.023 Tw
[(Indiana Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity-Purdue Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity Indianapolis.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Bringle)9(,)-275(Hatc)15(her and McIntosh)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 14)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
15 0 obj
<<
/Length 5807
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(15)Tj
-41.9 65.8 TD
0.081 Tw
(His books include )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 139.1321 699.0103 Tm
0 g
0.081 Tw
[(W)55(ith Service in Mind,)-331(Colle)40(g)10(es)]TJ
-7.71321 -1.05 TD
0.148 Tw
[(and Univer)10(sities as Citizens)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 182.2388 688.5103 Tm
0 g
(and )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 200.6549 688.5103 Tm
0 g
0.148 Tw
[(The Measur)37(e of)]TJ
-13.86549 -1.05 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(S)Tj
0.49988 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.047 Tw
(ervice Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 131.0553 678.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.0001 Tc
(.)Tj
0.54668 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.047 Tw
[(Dr)55(. Bringle recei)24(v)15(ed the Ehrlich)]TJ
-7.45221 -1.05001 TD
0.069 Tw
[(A)92(w)10(ar)-1(d for Service Learning and an honorar)-1(y doc-)]TJ
0 -1.05 TD
0.045 Tw
[(torate from the Uni)25(v)14(ersity of the Free State,)-296(South)]TJ
-0.0003 Tc
(A)'
0.72173 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.044 Tw
[(frica for his sc)-1(holarly w)10(ork on ci)25(vic eng)5(agement)]TJ
-0.72172 -1.05001 TD
0.025 Tw
(and service learning.)Tj
0.9 -1.05 TD
0.004 Tc
0.371 Tw
[(JULIE )55(A. HA)111(TCHER is )54(Associate Director)40(,)]TJ
-0.9 -1.05 TD
0.02 Tc
0.413 Tw
(Center for Service and Learning at Indiana)Tj
0 -1.05001 TD
0.369 Tw
[(Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity-Purdue Uni)25(v)15(ersity Indiana)-1(polis,)-638(an)]TJ
T*
0 Tc
0.027 Tw
[(instructor in the School of Liberal )54(Arts,)-277(and a doc-)]TJ
0 -1.05 TD
0.017 Tw
[(toral student in Philanthropic Studies. Her scholar)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.119 Tw
[(ly w)10(ork has focused on the institutionaliza)-1(tion of)]TJ
0 -1.05001 TD
0.267 Tw
[(service-learning in higher education,)-518(the use of)]TJ
T*
0.009 Tw
[(reflection acti)25(vities in service-lear)-1(ning courses,)-259(the)]TJ
0 -1.05 TD
0.017 Tc
0.358 Tw
[(implications of John De)25(w)-1(e)15(y's philosoph)5(y for)]TJ
T*
0.02 Tc
0.999 Tw
[(under)18(graduate education,)-1269(guide)-1(books and)]TJ
T*
0 Tc
0.057 Tw
[(resources for f)10(aculty)64(,)-307(and institutional issues asso-)]TJ
0 -1.05001 TD
0.064 Tw
[(ciated with enhancing and assessing ci)25(vic eng)4(a)1(ge-)]TJ
0 -1.05 TD
0 Tw
(ment.)Tj
0.9 -1.05 TD
0.243 Tw
[(RA)40(CHEL E. McINT)17(OSH completed a B)35(A in)]TJ
-0.9 -1.05 TD
-0.01 Tw
(Political Science (with Distinction) with a minor in)Tj
T*
0 Tw
(Inter)Tj
1.88721 -0.00001 TD
0.115 Tw
(national Relationships at IUPUI. She studied)Tj
-1.88721 -1.05 TD
0.02 Tc
0.546 Tw
(in Russia and then completed an MA in)Tj
T*
0 Tc
0 Tw
(Philanthr)Tj
3.66602 0 TD
-0.031 Tw
(opic Studies and an MP)Tj
9.2815 0 TD
(A)Tj
0.94059 0 Td
(in Pub)Tj
2.55246 0 TD
0 Tw
(lic )Tj
1.16327 0 TD
(Af)Tj
1.02979 0 TD
(f)Tj
0.32299 0 TD
(airs)Tj
-18.95662 -1.05002 TD
0.077 Tw
[(with a major in Nonprof)19(it Management at IUPUI.)]TJ
0 -1.05 TD
0.002 Tw
(She r)Tj
2.08421 0 TD
0 Tw
(ecei)Tj
1.58447 0 TD
0.002 Tw
[(v)15(ed the Go)15(v)15(er)-1(nor's )55(A)92(w)10(ar)-1(d for )18(T)80(omorro)25(w's)]TJ
-3.66868 -1.05001 TD
0 Tw
(Leader)Tj
2.77515 0 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(s)Tj
0.62999 0 Td
(f)Tj
0.333 0 TD
0 Tc
-0.009 Tw
(or "e)Tj
1.91098 0 TD
(xcellence in per)Tj
6.31197 0 TD
(sonal ac)Tj
3.2396 0 TD
0 Tw
(hie)Tj
1.19678 0 TD
-0.009 Tw
[(v)15(ement as)]TJ
-16.39747 -1.05002 TD
0.04 Tw
(an emer)Tj
3.21454 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0 TD
(ing Indiana leader)Tj
7.24376 0 TD
0 Tw
(." )Tj
0.89325 0 TD
0.04 Tw
(After g)Tj
2.89935 0 TD
(r)Tj
0.33276 0 TD
0 Tw
(adua)Tj
1.8877 0 TD
(tion,)Tj
2.09588 0 TD
(she)Tj
-19.06724 -1.05002 TD
0.04 Tw
(has w)Tj
2.33527 0 TD
[(ork)10(ed in the nonpr)-1(of)20(it sector with a focus on)]TJ
-2.33527 -1.05001 TD
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.49951 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(unity de)Tj
3.24961 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0 TD
0 Tw
(elopment.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 345.9613 716.2092 Tm
0 g
-0.0001 Tc
(A)Tj
0.88577 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Disservice to P)80(eople with Disa)-1(biliti)1(e)-1(s)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 15)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
16 0 obj
<<
/Length 13674
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(16)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61.9198 716.0527 Tm
0 g
-0.0003 Tc
(M)Tj
0.83272 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(ic)15(higan J)24(ournal of Community Service Learning)-19151(F)75(all 2006,)-275(pp. 16-29)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 82.6883 458.3806 Tm
0 g
(Resear)Tj
2.72022 0 TD
(c)Tj
0.44385 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(h)Tj
0.77488 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
(in a Conte)Tj
4.14558 0.00001 TD
[(xt of P)15(ar)-1(tnership)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
14 0 0 14 71 439.4263 Tm
0 g
(C)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 80.967 439.4263 Tm
0 g
0.077 Tw
(alls f)Tj
2.04833 0 TD
(or mor)Tj
2.77049 0 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(e)Tj
0.77074 0 Td
(r)Tj
0.333 0 TD
0 Tc
0 Tw
(ig)Tj
0.77783 0 TD
(or)Tj
0.83277 0 TD
0.077 Tw
(ous research on the impact)Tj
-9.42986 -1.17544 TD
0.006 Tw
[(of service-learning suggest that high)-1(-)1(qua)-1(lity)65(,)-255(quan-)]TJ
0 -1.17543 TD
0.104 Tw
[(titati)24(v)15(e e)25(vidence will persuade uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sities of ser-)]TJ
0 -1.17542 TD
0 Tw
(vice-lear)Tj
3.49658 0 TD
0.292 Tw
[(ning\325)55(s pedagogical v)25(alue and thus pr)-1(o-)]TJ
-3.49658 -1.17543 TD
0.091 Tw
[(mote greater acceptance \(Bacon,)-342(2001; Bringle &)]TJ
T*
0.092 Tw
[(Hatc)-1(her)40(,)-342(2000; Bringle,)-343(Philips,)-342(& Hudson,)-342(2004;)]TJ
0 -1.17542 TD
0.02 Tc
0 Tw
(Holland)Tj
3.36141 0 TD
0.508 Tw
[(,)-778(Gelmon,)-778(Furco,)-778(& Bringle,)-778(2005;)]TJ
-3.36141 -1.17543 TD
0 Tc
0 Tw
(Zlotk)Tj
2.15674 0 TD
(o)Tj
0.4751 0 TD
(wski,)Tj
2.52354 0 TD
0.135 Tw
(2000\). Indeed)Tj
5.68809 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.63487 0 TD
(f)Tj
0.33276 0 TD
(or those of us in the)Tj
-11.8111 -1.17544 TD
0 Tw
(uni)Tj
1.25293 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0 TD
(er)Tj
0.77661 0 TD
-0.02 Tw
[(sity)65(,)-230(r)1(esear)-1(ch characterizes \322the kind of thing)]TJ
-2.51465 -1.17544 TD
0.09 Tw
[(we do around here.)70]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
5 0 0 5 145.0744 337.013 Tm
0 g
(1)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 150.9763 333.638 Tm
0 g
0.09 Tw
[(Ho)25(we)25(v)15(er)39(,)-340(\322the kind of thing)]TJ
-8.89763 -1.17542 TD
0.059 Tw
[(we do around here\323)-309(is c)-1(hanging in profound w)10(ays)]TJ
0 -1.17543 TD
0.062 Tw
(and this c)Tj
3.95724 0 TD
0 Tw
(hang)Tj
1.94385 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.75628 0 Td
0 Tc
(sha)Tj
1.3328 0 TD
0.062 Tw
(pes our study of service-learn-)Tj
-7.99018 -1.17544 TD
0.035 Tw
[(ing classes and programs. )18(T)80(o e)15(xplica)-1(te the shifting)]TJ
0 -1.17542 TD
0 Tw
(conte)Tj
2.15063 0 TD
0.257 Tw
[(xt in which our resear)-1(c)1(h-based assessment)]TJ
-2.15063 -1.17543 TD
0 Tw
(occur)Tj
2.22046 0.00001 TD
-0.022 Tw
[(red,)-228(this section outlines the w)10(ays that uni)25(v)14(er-)]TJ
-2.22046 -1.17543 TD
0.1 Tw
[(sities are reconstituting kno)24(wledge-making acti)25(vi-)]TJ
T*
0.252 Tw
[(ties and ree)24(v)25(aluating their roles in metropolitan)]TJ
0 -1.17542 TD
0.326 Tw
[(communities. Considerations of the uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity\325)55(s)]TJ
0 -1.17543 TD
0.035 Tw
[(relationship to its community ha)20(v)15(e been pr)-1(esent in)]TJ
T*
0.128 Tw
[(rhetoric and composition research for some time)-1(,)]TJ
0 -1.17542 TD
0.047 Tw
[(and se)25(v)15(er)-1(al k)10(e)15(y studies ha)20(v)15(e b)19(uilt on sophisticated)]TJ
0 -1.17543 TD
0.145 Tw
[(notions of reciprocity and partner)-1(ship. )18(T)80(o further)]TJ
0 -1.17542 TD
-0.031 Tw
[(lay the groundw)10(or)-1(k for the control group study pre-)]TJ
0 -1.17543 TD
0.197 Tw
(sented in this ar)Tj
6.89374 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tic)Tj
0.99952 0.00001 TD
0.197 Tw
(le\321a stud)Tj
4.27903 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
0.9466 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(tha)Tj
1.22184 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(t)Tj
0.72464 0 Td
0 Tc
(sug)Tj
1.38887 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0.00001 TD
0.197 Tw
(ests tha)Tj
3.16795 0.00001 TD
(t)Tj
-20.12219 -1.17547 TD
0.006 Tc
0.369 Tw
[(p)1(a)1(r)1(t)1(n)1(e)1(r)1(ship-centere)1(d,)-624(c)1(o)1(m)1(m)1(unity-based learning)]TJ
0 -1.17543 TD
[(acti)25(vities )1(signif)19(icantly)-1( e)-1(n)-1(h)-1(a)-1(n)-1(c)-1(e)-1( s)-1(t)-1(u)-1(d)-1(e)-1(n)-1(t)-1( w)-1(r)-1(iting)]TJ
T*
0 Tc
0 Tw
(skills\321w)Tj
3.83325 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.68218 0 Td
0 Tc
-0.012 Tw
[(will briefly introduce the Chicago Ci)24(vic)]TJ
-4.51543 -1.17543 TD
0.012 Tc
0.363 Tw
[(Leadership Certif)19(icate Prog)-1(ram (CCLCP). )30(W)80(e)]TJ
T*
0 Tc
0.018 Tw
[(belie)25(v)15(e that the oppor)-1(tunity our progr)1(am g)-1(i)26(v)14(es stu-)]TJ
T*
0.162 Tw
[(dents to w)10(or)-1(k within reciprocal community part-)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(ner)Tj
1.2766 0 TD
0.075 Tw
(ships is the k)Tj
5.41004 0.00001 TD
(e)Tj
0.42896 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
0.82512 0 Td
0 Tc
(to under)Tj
3.37981 0.00001 TD
[(standing wh)5(y our pro-)]TJ
-11.3205 -1.1754 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0 TD
0.23 Tw
[(ram creates an academic adv)25(anta)-1(ge)1(. )17(T)1(her)-1(efore,)]TJ
-0.5 -1.1754 TD
-0.022 Tw
[(our description of CCLCP will emphasize ho)25(w rec)-1(-)]TJ
22.5 39.49301 TD
0 Tw
(ipr)Tj
1.1106 0 TD
0.112 Tw
(ocal par)Tj
3.30364 0 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.55445 0 TD
0.112 Tw
(ships ha)Tj
3.34124 0 TD
[(v)15(e contrib)19(uted to its de)25(v)15(el-)]TJ
-9.30993 -1.16168 TD
0 Tw
(opment. )Tj
0.9 -1.16165 TD
-0.01 Tw
[(Both v)15(er)-1(nacular and academic sets of kno)25(wledge)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16165 TD
0.077 Tw
[(are contr)-1(ib)20(uting to ne)25(w dialogues and unique per-)]TJ
0 -1.16166 TD
0 Tw
(specti)Tj
2.30737 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0 TD
0.187 Tw
(es tha)Tj
2.49154 0 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(t)Tj
0.71473 0 Td
(ar)Tj
0.77681 0 TD
(e)Tj
0.88071 0 Td
(r)Tj
0.333 0 TD
0 Tc
(esulting in radical changes in)Tj
-7.98927 -1.16166 TD
0.02 Tc
0.858 Tw
[(kno)25(wledge production. )55(A tr)-1(ansdisciplinary)]TJ
0 -1.16165 TD
0 Tc
0.173 Tw
[(\(Gibbons et al. 1994,)-423(p. 3\) approach to research)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(tha)Tj
1.22168 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(t)Tj
0.69859 0 Td
0 Tc
0.171 Tw
(is demand-dr)Tj
5.41864 0 TD
(i)Tj
0.25293 0 TD
[(v)15(en,)-421(methodologically fle)14(xible,)]TJ
-7.59184 -1.16167 TD
0.335 Tw
[(entrepreneurial,)-585(collaborati)24(v)15(e,)-584(and embedded in)]TJ
0 -1.16165 TD
0.34 Tw
[(comple)15(x conte)15(xts is emer)17(ging. F)15(or e)15(xample,)-590(a)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(Uni)Tj
1.47485 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0 TD
(er)Tj
0.77661 0 TD
0.149 Tw
(sity of Illinois a)Tj
6.75005 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(t)Tj
0.6764 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(Chica)Tj
2.33257 0 TD
0.149 Tw
(go (UIC) professor)Tj
-12.49559 -1.16168 TD
0.058 Tw
(has initia)Tj
3.69578 0 TD
(ted the Chica)Tj
5.39157 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0 TD
(o)Tj
0.8078 0 Td
0 Tw
(Pub)Tj
1.55595 0 TD
0.003 Tw
[(lic Ar)-1(t )-55(Group,)-308(w)1(hic)-1(h)]TJ
-11.9511 -1.16166 TD
0.293 Tw
[(partners with \322city a)-1(gencies,)-542(pr)-1(i)25(v)25(ate f)20(irms,)-543(and)]TJ
T*
0.108 Tw
[(other or)18(g)5(aniza)-1(tions to produce community-orient-)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(ed)Tj
0.94385 0 TD
0.067 Tw
[(,)-317(site-inte)14(gra)1(ted public ar)-1(tw)10(orks in whic)-1(h artists)]TJ
-0.94385 -1.16166 TD
(w)Tj
0.71216 0 TD
0.153 Tw
[(ork with architects,)-403(designers,)-404(and engineers in)]TJ
-0.71216 -1.16166 TD
0.113 Tw
[(the early planning stages\323)-364(\(Gude,)-363(2000,)-363(p. 2\). )55(As)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(par)Tj
1.27661 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(t)Tj
0.5834 0 Td
0 Tc
0.056 Tw
(of its ong)Tj
3.88844 0 TD
(oing w)Tj
2.79554 0 TD
[(ork,)-306(the art group seizes on a)]TJ
-8.54399 -1.16167 TD
0.211 Tw
[(unique idea for de)25(v)15(eloping a \322place)-1(,)70-461(be)15(gins by)]TJ
0 -1.16165 TD
0.232 Tw
[(crea)-1(ting a dialogue among all stak)10(eholders,)-482(and)]TJ
0 -1.16166 TD
0.151 Tw
(then contin)Tj
4.62228 0.00001 TD
(ues b)Tj
2.23386 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
0.90096 0 Td
0 Tc
(conducting r)Tj
5.17736 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(esear)Tj
2.05322 0.00001 TD
(c)Tj
0.44385 0.00001 TD
(h,)Tj
1.15109 0.00001 TD
(e)Tj
0.42896 0.00001 TD
(xploring)Tj
-17.01157 -1.1617 TD
-0.007 Tw
[(the site,)-243(w)10(orking collabor)-1(a)1(ti)24(v)15(ely to crea)-1(te a b)20(udget,)]TJ
0 -1.16165 TD
0.101 Tw
[(actually making the space,)-351(e)25(v)25(aluating its use)-1(,)-351(and)]TJ
T*
0.002 Tc
0 Tw
(cele)Tj
1.61636 0.00001 TD
0.373 Tw
[(brating its presence. )18(This e)15(x)15(emplif)20(ies ho)25(w)]TJ
-1.61636 -1.16166 TD
0 Tc
0.108 Tw
[(kno)25(wledge is produced in its \322conte)14(xt of applica-)]TJ
0 -1.16165 TD
0.088 Tw
[(tion\323)-338(\(Gibbons et al.,)-338(p. 3\) and must be e)25(v)25(aluated)]TJ
T*
0.075 Tw
[(for its contrib)20(ution to that conte)14(xt. )18(The contrast is)]TJ
0 -1.16166 TD
-0.02 Tw
[(striking to traditional,)-230(uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity-based disciplinary)]TJ
0 -1.16165 TD
0 Tw
(acti)Tj
1.41846 0.00001 TD
(vity)Tj
1.49072 0.00001 TD
(,)Tj
0.60402 0.00001 TD
0.104 Tw
(in w)Tj
1.85378 0 TD
0 Tw
(hic)Tj
1.22168 0 TD
(h)Tj
0.85402 0 Td
0.104 Tw
[(kno)25(wledge production responds)]TJ
-7.44268 -1.16168 TD
0.02 Tc
0.479 Tw
(to inter)Tj
3.49954 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(nall)Tj
1.5795 0.00001 TD
0.479 Tw
[(y-dri)25(v)15(en,)-750(scholarly agendas. )18(This)]TJ
-5.07904 -1.16168 TD
0.014 Tc
0.361 Tw
[(reshap)-1(i)-1(n)-1(g)-1( o)-1(f)-1( k)-1(n)-1(o)23(wledge-making )1(acti)25(vities )1(has)]TJ
0 -1.16164 TD
0 Tc
0.209 Tw
[(upset the routine of researchers w)-1(ho raided of)25(f-)]TJ
0 -1.16165 TD
0.125 Tw
[(campus communities for data,)-376(and of uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sities)]TJ
0 -1.16166 TD
-0.006 Tw
[(that participated in the destr)-1(uction of thri)25(ving com-)]TJ
0 -1.16164 TD
(m)Tj
0.79783 0.00001 TD
0.02 Tc
0.363 Tw
(unities under the banner of urban r)Tj
16.70556 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ene)Tj
1.42279 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.73215 0.00001 TD
0.02 Tc
(al)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
14 0 0 14 76.758 675.2144 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(The Impact of P)11(a)-1(rtner)2(ship-Center)18(e)-1(d)1(,)-274(C)-1(o)-1(m)-1(m)1(unity-Based Lear)16(ning )]TJ
3.32141 -1.14286 TD
[(on F)1(i)-1(r)1(st-Y)112(ear Students\325)-146(Academic Resear)19(ch P)11(aper)1(s)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 154.6325 629.5566 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Ann M. F)26(eldman)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 227.9304 629.5566 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 233.1804 629.5566 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(T)92(om Moss)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 277.2268 629.5566 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 282.4768 629.5566 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Diane Chin)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 331.3377 629.5566 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 336.5877 629.5566 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(M)-2(e)1(gan Mar)1(i)-1(e)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 394.8675 629.5566 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 201.2177 617.5567 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Candice Rai)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 253.958 617.5567 Tm
0 g
[(,)-275(and )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 276.3965 617.5567 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(R)-1(e)1(becca Gr)1(a)-1(h)-1(a)-1(m)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 210.8869 605.5567 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Illinois a)-1(t Chica)10(go)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 88 574.5568 Tm
0 g
0.036 Tw
[(This article pr)37(esents a contr)44(ol gr)45(oup study of the influence of a partner)10(ship-center)37(ed)-1(,)-285(community-based)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0.186 Tw
[(learning pr)45(o)10(gr)14(am on students\325)-325(academic writing)15(. )18(The impr)45(o)10(ved writing of f)19(ir)10(st-year students in the)]TJ
T*
0.15 Tw
[(Chica)10(go Civic Leader)9(ship Certif)20(icate Pr)44(o)10(gr)15(am (CCLCP),)-400(we ar)37(gue)9(,)-400(r)37(esults fr)45(om the deeply situated)]TJ
T*
0.023 Tw
[(learning that took place in the conte)20(xt of r)36(ecipr)45(ocal,)-273(community-based r)37(elationships. )40(W)92(e also ar)36(gue that)]TJ
T*
0.016 Tw
[(r)37(esear)37(c)15(h on the impact of community-based learning should tak)9(e into account the contempor)15(ary univer-)]TJ
T*
-0.005 Tw
[(sity\325)40(s emer)36(ging par)15(adigm of enga)10(g)10(ed learning and r)36(esear)37(c)15(h,)-245(whic)15(h calls for a r)37(edef)19(inition of partner)10(ship)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(and r)37(ecipr)45(ocity)54(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 16)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
17 0 obj
<<
/Length 14638
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(17)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 268.6251 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Impact of P)80(artner)9(ship-Center)37(ed,)-275(Community-Based Learning)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
0.25 Tw
[(\(Muthesius,)-500(2000; )30(W)40(ie)24(wel & Broski,)-499(1999\).)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
5 0 0 5 250.1746 703.3853 Tm
0 g
(2)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 257.6723 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.0002 Tc
(In)Tj
-19.56723 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
0.148 Tw
[(currently mater)-1(ializing higher)20(-education conte)15(xts,)]TJ
T*
0.11 Tw
[(partnership and recipr)-1(ocity form the basis of par-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.165 Tw
[(ticipatory resear)-1(ch that creates community assets)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.043 Tw
[(while enriching the kno)24(wledge w)10(ork of the metro-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.02 Tc
0.47 Tw
[(politan uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity \(W)80(alshok,)-740(1995; see also)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
-0.035 Tw
[(Feldman,)-215(manuscript\). Holland \(2005\) predicts that)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.125 Tw
[(eng)5(aged research will become an important mea-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.02 Tc
0.379 Tw
[(sure of \322academic quality and prestige.)70-595(As)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0 Tc
-0.037 Tw
[(research acti)25(vities in higher education don the man-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.214 Tw
[(tle of eng)5(agement,)-464(so do teaching and learning,)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.062 Tw
[(often in the form of service-lear)-1(ning or communi-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.012 Tc
0.362 Tw
[(ty-based learning. Further)39(,)-625(as Holland (2006))]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0 Tc
0.047 Tw
[(e)15(xplains,)-297(changes in institutional mission also cre-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.02 Tc
0.425 Tw
(ate consequences for teaching and learning.)Tj
0 -1.1579 TD
0 Tc
0.191 Tw
[(Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sities ha)20(v)15(e become interested in attr)-1(acting)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.036 Tw
[(students who w)10(ant to participa)-1(te as both kno)25(wledge)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.201 Tw
[(w)10(ork)9(ers and producti)25(v)15(e citiz)-1(ens in the emer)18(ging)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.156 Tw
[(global conte)15(xt. Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sities also are interested in)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.02 Tc
0.565 Tw
[(impro)15(ving teaching and learning outcomes,)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.014 Tc
0.361 Tw
[(demonstrating accountability)65(,)-625(and encouraging)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0 Tc
0.069 Tw
[(both ci)25(vic-mindedness and prof)-1(essionalism in stu-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.025 Tw
(dents (Holland). )Tj
0.9 -1.1579 TD
(K)Tj
0.69759 0 TD
0.374 Tw
(eith (2005) c)Tj
5.86509 0 TD
0 Tw
(har)Tj
1.27831 0 TD
(acter)Tj
1.94496 0 TD
0.374 Tw
[(izes the challeng)-1(es of)]TJ
-10.68595 -1.1579 TD
0 Tw
(de)Tj
0.91894 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0 TD
0.295 Tw
(eloping service-learning based on an under-)Tj
-1.40405 -1.15791 TD
0.188 Tw
(standing of r)Tj
5.42915 0 TD
0 Tw
(ecipr)Tj
1.99829 0 TD
0.188 Tw
(ocity tha)Tj
3.65879 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(t)Tj
0.71549 0 Td
0 Tc
[(ob)15(viates the \322ser)-1(v)15(er)20(-)]TJ
-11.80172 -1.1579 TD
0.357 Tw
[(serv)15(ed\323)-608(relationship \(p. 13; see also Feldman,)]TJ
T*
0.162 Tw
[(2003\). She sees producti)25(v)15(e opportunities f)-1(or stu-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.02 Tc
0.508 Tw
[(dent learning when reciprocity \322emphasiz)-1(es)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0 Tc
0.19 Tw
[(respectful listening of perspecti)25(v)15(es and histories,)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.342 Tw
[(together with community-b)19(uilding and possibly)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.026 Tw
[(adv)20(ocac)14(y in an en)40(vironment that ackno)25(wledg)-1(es dif-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.006 Tw
[(f)20(icult emotions and political choices that accompa-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.127 Tw
[(n)15(y these tensions on both sides\323)-377((p. 15). )29(W)1(ha)-1(t is)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(needed)Tj
2.83154 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.55306 0 TD
(K)Tj
0.69703 0 TD
0.053 Tw
(eith ar)Tj
2.56136 0 TD
0 Tw
(gues,)Tj
2.38583 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(is)Tj
0.96981 0 TD
0 Tc
0.053 Tw
(\322to r)Tj
1.8575 0 TD
(e)Tj
0.44385 0 TD
[(b)20(uild discursi)24(v)15(e and)]TJ
-12.29998 -1.15792 TD
0.245 Tw
[(public spaces in local communities\323)-495((p. 17). In)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.044 Tw
(other w)Tj
3.06014 -0.00001 TD
[(ords,)-294(students should do more than partici-)]TJ
-3.06014 -1.15789 TD
0.253 Tw
[(pate in direct service a)-1(t local community-based)]TJ
T*
-0.013 Tw
[(agencies; the)15(y should participate in rethinking with)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.114 Tw
[(partner agencies not only the quality of their ser)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.047 Tw
[(vices,)-297(b)20(ut also the political and economic conte)14(xts)]TJ
T*
0.104 Tw
[(in which services are deli)24(v)15(ered; and,)-354(f)20(inall)-1(y)65(,)-354(their)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.025 Tw
[(roles in polic)15(y-making that contrib)19(utes to change. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15789 TD
0.131 Tw
(In higher educa)Tj
6.48112 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tion,)Tj
2.18685 0 TD
0.131 Tw
(the a)Tj
2.04671 0 TD
[(genda outlined abo)15(v)15(e)]TJ
-11.61468 -1.15792 TD
0.123 Tw
[(cannot be carried out by indi)25(vidual f)10(aculty mem)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.004 Tc
0 Tw
(ber)Tj
1.28925 0.00001 TD
0.0041 Tc
(s)Tj
1.01805 0 Td
0.004 Tc
0.371 Tw
(and small g)Tj
5.39808 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.33698 0.00001 TD
0.004 Tc
(oups of students; enactment)Tj
-8.04236 -1.15792 TD
0 Tc
0.12 Tw
[(requires an institutional commitment. )18(The f)10(aculty)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.009 Tw
(member w)Tj
4.25734 0 TD
(ho,)Tj
1.5093 0.00001 TD
[(with community partners,)-260(collabora-)]TJ
-5.76664 -1.15791 TD
0.018 Tw
[(ti)25(v)14(ely researches w)10(ays of pro)15(viding lo)24(w-cost hous-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(ing)Tj
1.27783 0 TD
0.289 Tw
[(,)-539(planning for lead abatement,)-540(e)25(v)25(aluating or)]TJ
-1.27783 -1.15791 TD
0.126 Tw
[(impro)15(ving public transpor)-1(tation,)-376(identifying com-)]TJ
T*
0.192 Tw
[(munity assets,)-442(lessening the high-school dropout)]TJ
T*
0.067 Tw
[(rate,)-317(or strengthening the capacity of not-for)19(-prof-)]TJ
T*
0.188 Tw
[(its,)-438(has a)-1(t hand a ready-made,)-438(community-based)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(conte)Tj
2.1506 0 TD
0.08 Tw
(xt in w)Tj
2.9372 0 TD
0 Tw
(hic)Tj
1.22168 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(h)Tj
0.82963 0 Td
0 Tc
0.08 Tw
(to intr)Tj
2.49626 0.00001 TD
(oduce students to comm)Tj
9.93183 0.00001 TD
(u)Tj
0.5 0.00001 TD
(-)Tj
-20.0672 -1.1579 TD
0.204 Tw
[(nity-based learning. But if the f)9(aculty member\325)55(s)]TJ
22.5 63.68422 TD
0.303 Tw
[(community-based research is not v)25(alued in the)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.037 Tw
[(institution,)-213(neither will be the teaching and learning)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(outgro)25(wths of that scholarship. )]TJ
0.9 -1.1579 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.002 Tw
(Community-based learning that arises from English)Tj
-0.9 -1.15789 TD
0.05 Tw
[(studies and,)-275(in particular)39(,)-275(from scholarship in rhetoric)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.11 Tw
[(and composition,)-335(has generated a stream of resear)-1(ch)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.106 Tw
[(that focuses on the importance of recipr)-1(ocal partner-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.138 Tw
[(ships for student learning. )18(This research b)19(uilds on a)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.015 Tw
[(theoretical predisposition that def)19(ines writing,)-210(and lan-)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.198 Tw
[(guage use in general,)-423(as a consequential,)-423(meaning-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.152 Tw
[(making acti)25(vity \(Ba)15(w)9(arshi,)-377(2003; Cross)-1(w)1(hite)-1(,)-377(1996;)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
-0.016 Tc
0.366 Tw
[(Mailloux,)-600(1995; Petra)-1(glia,)-600(2000; Russell,)-600(1995\).)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.079 Tw
[(Reporting on her community-based literac)14(y research,)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.026 Tw
(Cushman (1996) writes about the problems of slippery)Tj
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.017 Tw
[(discourse,)-209(the challenge of taking into account the per-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.117 Tw
[(specti)25(v)15(es of community members outside the acade)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.166 Tw
[(my)65(,)-391(and the seducti)25(v)14(e nature of academic pri)25(vile)15(ge.)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
-0.017 Tw
[(Cushman (2002) def)20(ines resear)-1(c)1(h-based service-lear)-1(n-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.124 Tw
[(ing as an intellectually challenging acti)25(vity that syn-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.317 Tw
[(thesizes research with both teaching and b)19(uilding)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.162 Tw
[(community capacity)65(. She supports the ar)17(gument we)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.108 Tw
[(w)10(ant to mak)10(e:)-334(theory-based pedagogical ef)25(forts con-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.135 Tw
(nected to r)Tj
4.21588 0 TD
0 Tw
(ig)Tj
0.72785 0 TD
(or)Tj
0.78277 0 TD
0.135 Tw
[(ous,)-360(ongoing resear)-1(ch and,)-360(we w)10(ould)]TJ
-5.7265 -1.15791 TD
0 Tw
(ad)Tj
0.89386 0 TD
0 Tc
(d)Tj
0.47501 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.47307 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
(assessment,)Tj
4.666 0 TD
0.023 Tw
[(ha)20(v)15(e a g)-1(r)1(ea)-1(ter potential to be accept-)]TJ
-6.50794 -1.1579 TD
0.016 Tw
(ed as )Tj
2.1585 0 TD
0 Tw
Tj
1.11579 0 TD
0.016 Tw
[(hat we do around here.)70-241(Linda Flo)25(wer (2002))]TJ
-3.27429 -1.15791 TD
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.7088 0 TD
0.272 Tw
(gues tha)Tj
3.37631 0 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(t)Tj
0.74972 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
(the kno)Tj
3.04359 0 TD
(wledge-making \322we do around)Tj
-7.87842 -1.1579 TD
0.211 Tw
[(here\323)-437(can be shifted to the broader landscape \322out)]TJ
T*
0.092 Tw
[(there.)70-317(F)15(or Flo)25(wer)39(,)-316(notions of reciprocal par)-1(tnerships)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.004 Tw
[(bring into focus the competing social,)-229(cultural,)-229(and lit-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.167 Tw
[(erar)-1(y epistemologies at w)10(or)-1(k when students enter a)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.05 Tw
[(community)65(. Flo)25(wer ar)17(gues for \322transfor)-1(mati)25(v)15(e under-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.046 Tw
[(standing\323)-271(as an acti)24(v)15(e,)-271(participator)-1(y practice that sup-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.005 Tw
[(ports students as the)15(y mo)15(v)14(e be)15(yond good intentions to)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.157 Tw
[(understand ho)25(w one can use language as a form of)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.78278 0 TD
(axis,)Tj
1.98563 0 TD
(tha)Tj
1.1467 0 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(t)Tj
0.50281 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
(is,)Tj
1.09181 0 TD
(inf)Tj
1.03561 0 TD
(or)Tj
0.78278 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(med action (pp. 184-187). )Tj
-6.42812 -1.15792 TD
0.003 Tc
0.372 Tw
(Through analyzing a series of case studies,)Tj
-0.9 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
0.165 Tw
(Deans (2000) illustr)Tj
8.32613 -0.00001 TD
[(ates ho)25(w student writing can)]TJ
-8.32613 -1.15789 TD
-0.032 Tw
[(mo)15(v)15(e fr)-1(om deconte)15(xtualized classroom acti)25(vities to)]TJ
T*
0.043 Tw
[(participator)-1(y acti)25(vity that contrib)20(utes to real-)-1(w)10(orld)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.293 Tw
(change. His three models for community-based)Tj
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(writing\321)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 325.8818 236.8524 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.084 Tw
(writing for)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 371.4795 236.8524 Tm
0 g
0.084 Tw
[(the community)65(,)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 437.7846 236.8524 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.084 Tw
(writing about)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 287 225.2734 Tm
0 g
0.048 Tw
[(the community)65(,)-298(and )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 369.9842 225.2734 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.048 Tw
(writing with)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 420.256 225.2734 Tm
0 g
0.048 Tw
(the community\321)Tj
-13.3256 -1.1579 TD
-0.005 Tw
[(pro)15(vided the frame)24(w)10(ork for the wide range of wr)-1(it-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.168 Tw
(ing students do in the Chica)Tj
11.97957 0.00001 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(o)Tj
0.91835 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(Ci)Tj
0.92004 0 TD
0.168 Tw
(vic Leadership)Tj
-14.31796 -1.15792 TD
-0.017 Tw
[(Certif)19(icate Program (CCLCP). Much of the writing)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.002 Tw
(in typical ser)Tj
5.16147 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(vice-lear)Tj
3.49658 0.00001 TD
-0.002 Tw
(ning cour)Tj
3.8029 0.00001 TD
(ses constitutes what)Tj
-12.46095 -1.15792 TD
0.17 Tw
[(Deans calls \322writing about\323)-420(the community:)-420(stu-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.056 Tw
(dents ha)Tj
3.34096 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.75012 0 Td
0 Tc
[(an e)15(xperience in the f)19(ield and return to)]TJ
-4.57619 -1.15791 TD
0.126 Tw
[(classroom to process and critique that e)14(xperience)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.072 Tw
(in wr)Tj
2.15414 0 TD
[(iting. Deans\325)-248(case study of Bruce Herzber)18<67D5>54(s)]TJ
-2.15414 -1.15791 TD
0.02 Tc
0.377 Tw
[(tw)10(o-semester sequence of wr)-1(iting courses at)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
0.242 Tw
[(Bentle)15(y Colle)15(ge descr)-1(ibes a v)15(ersion of \322writing)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.135 Tw
[(about\323)-385(informed by Herzber)17<67D5>55(s dual commitment)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.065 Tw
(to social justice and to preparing students to com-)Tj
0 -1.1579 TD
0.02 Tc
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.87276 0.00001 TD
0.739 Tw
(ehend and pr)Tj
6.88143 0.00001 TD
(oduce academic discour)Tj
11.52305 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(se)Tj
0.87276 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(.)Tj
-20.15 -1.15792 TD
0.002 Tw
[(Herzber)18<67D5>54(s focus,)-252(Deans writes,)-252(is on critical peda-)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 17)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
18 0 obj
<<
/Length 14190
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(18)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(F)75(eldman et al.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tw
(gogy; he encourages students to critique \322dominant)Tj
0 -1.15238 TD
0.053 Tw
(social institutions (particularly schools) and domi-)Tj
T*
0.02 Tc
0.766 Tw
(nant attitudes \(particularly the ubiquitous)Tj
0 -1.15239 TD
0 Tc
0.031 Tw
[(American f)9(aith in indi)25(vidualism and meritocrac)15<7929D3>]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
-0.037 Tw
[((p. 91). During Herzber)18<67D5>54(s second-semester course,)]TJ
T*
0.34 Tw
[(students produce length)5(y resear)-1(c)1(h-based pa)-1(pers)]TJ
T*
0.07 Tw
(about important social issues that are intended for)Tj
T*
0.292 Tw
[(an academic audience and,)-542(par)-1(ticularly)65(,)-542(for the)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
0.025 Tw
[(teacher \(Deans,)-275(p. 97\). )]TJ
0.9 -1.15239 TD
0.197 Tw
[(Service-learning\325)54(s standard rationale for \322writ)-1(-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15238 TD
0.074 Tw
[(ing about\323)-324(is that learning occurs through a c)15(yc)-1(li-)]TJ
T*
0.223 Tw
[(cal pattern of e)14(xperience in the community fol-)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
0.082 Tw
[(lo)25(wed by written ref)-1(lection produced in the class-)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.073 Tw
[(room \(Eyler & Giles,)-323(1999,)-322(p. 7,)-323(pp. 175-176\). In)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
-0.035 Tw
[(classes such as Herzber)18<67D5>54(s,)-215(\322writing about\323)-215(encour-)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.144 Tw
[(ages students to e)15(xplicate and support thoughtful)]TJ
T*
0.302 Tw
[(critique in car)-1(efully-constructed academic ar)18(gu-)]TJ
T*
0.072 Tw
[(ments,)-322(b)20(ut when students are ask)9(ed to use writing)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 492.5818 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(only)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 81.7342 492.5818 Tm
0 g
0.062 Tw
[(as a w)10(ay of recording and/or e)14(xpressing their)]TJ
-1.97342 -1.15238 TD
0.309 Tw
[(personal reactions to e)14(xperience,)-559(the)15(y may not)]TJ
T*
0.02 Tc
0.375 Tw
[(come to understand and appreciate wr)-1(iting\325)55(s)]TJ
T*
0 Tc
0.222 Tw
[(rhetorical po)25(wer to gi)25(v)15(e sha)-1(pe to situations and)]TJ
T*
0.077 Tw
[(influence outcomes. In such cases,)-328(students easily)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(misper)Tj
2.72119 0 TD
(cei)Tj
1.14063 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.4851 0 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(e)Tj
0.72227 0 Td
0 Tc
(wr)Tj
1.05485 0 TD
0.029 Tw
(iting as a mer)Tj
5.50029 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.7224 0 Td
0 Tc
(conduit f)Tj
3.61088 0 TD
(or car)Tj
2.3318 0 TD
0 Tw
(rying)Tj
-18.28941 -1.1524 TD
0.052 Tw
[(reports of e)15(xperience to the teacher)55(. )29(W)80(e ar)18(gue that)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0 Tw
(wr)Tj
1.05469 0 TD
0.339 Tw
[(iting does not reflect e)14(xperience or feelings)]TJ
-1.05469 -1.15239 TD
0.035 Tw
[(about e)15(xperience as might a mirror; rather)40(,)-285(writing)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.181 Tw
[(is a tool for making meaning in social conte)15(xts.)]TJ
(T)'
0.61084 0 TD
-0.018 Tw
(his pr)Tj
2.23174 0 TD
(emise has guided the CCLCP\325)Tj
11.98286 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(s)Tj
0.62108 0 Td
0 Tc
(emphasis on)Tj
-15.44652 -1.15239 TD
0.332 Tw
[(in)40(v)19(olving students in reciprocal partnerships to)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.83276 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(oduce wr)Tj
3.71739 0 TD
(iting f)Tj
2.44126 0 TD
(or par)Tj
2.38438 0 TD
[(tner or)18(g)5(aniza)-1(tions.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 127.9715 335.4157 Tm
0 g
(Pr)Tj
0.88867 0.00001 TD
(o)Tj
0.5 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0 TD
(r)Tj
0.33276 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(am Design)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 316.6919 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.63084 0 TD
0.02 Tc
0.512 Tw
(he Chica)Tj
4.19883 0 TD
[(go Ci)25(vic Leadership Certif)19(icate)]TJ
-5.72967 -1.1524 TD
0 Tc
0 Tw
(Pr)Tj
0.88867 0 TD
(o)Tj
0.5 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0 TD
(r)Tj
0.33277 0 TD
0.158 Tw
(am (CCLCP) of)Tj
6.67923 0 TD
(f)Tj
0.33277 0 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.77661 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(s)Tj
0.79706 0 Td
0 Tc
0.158 Tw
(incoming UIC students)Tj
-10.80711 -1.1524 TD
0.026 Tw
(the oppor)Tj
3.83079 0 TD
[(tunity to add to their under)18(graduate w)9(ork)]TJ
-3.83079 -1.15239 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(a)Tj
1.05264 0 Td
0 Tc
0.359 Tw
(dimension of ci)Tj
6.91348 0 TD
(vic participation through the)Tj
-7.96612 -1.15238 TD
0.014 Tc
0.361 Tw
[(study of writing,)-625(rhetoric)-1(,)-625(and urban issues.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
5 0 0 5 263.4998 273.9716 Tm
0 g
(3)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 259.0729 Tm
0 g
0.039 Tw
(CCLCP de)Tj
4.3759 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0.00001 TD
[(elops reciprocal partner)-1(ships with not-)]TJ
-4.86101 -1.15239 TD
(f)Tj
0.33276 0.00001 TD
0.122 Tw
[(or)20(-pr)-1(of)20(it or)18(g)4(anizations during a curriculum plan-)]TJ
-0.33276 -1.15239 TD
0.034 Tw
[(ning process that focuses on meeting partner or)17(g)5(a-)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.275 Tw
[(nizations\325)-452(needs for research assistance and for)]TJ
T*
0.017 Tw
[(written documents in di)25(v)14(erse genres. In the current)]TJ
T*
-0.026 Tw
[(pilot program,)-224(students are earning a cer)-1(tif)20(icate and)]TJ
T*
0.15 Tw
[(qualifying for paid,)-400(community-based inter)-1(nships)]TJ
T*
0.17 Tw
[(by taking f)20(i)25(v)15(e c)-1(lasses (one each semester). Each)]TJ
T*
0.165 Tw
[(class includes f)20(ieldw)9(ork that requires students to)]TJ
T*
0.044 Tw
(apply and/or to test classroom learning in the con-)Tj
T*
0 Tw
(te)Tj
0.70679 0 TD
0.217 Tw
(xt of pr)Tj
3.37684 0.00001 TD
(ojects under)Tj
5.07562 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tak)Tj
1.21192 0.00001 TD
0.217 Tw
(en with and f)Tj
5.89827 0.00001 TD
(or par)Tj
2.57611 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
-18.84555 -1.15242 TD
(not-f)Tj
1.94336 0 TD
(or)Tj
0.81299 0.00001 TD
0.215 Tw
[(-prof)19(it or)18(g)5(anizations. During 2004-05,)-465(the)]TJ
-2.75635 -1.15239 TD
0.325 Tw
[(f)20(irst year of the thr)-1(ee-year pilot program,)-574(tw)9(o)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(semester)Tj
3.478 0 TD
0.116 Tw
(-long wr)Tj
3.5317 0.00001 TD
(iting cour)Tj
3.97654 0.00001 TD
(ses pr)Tj
2.42086 0.00001 TD
[(o)15(vided a founda-)]TJ
-13.4071 -1.1524 TD
0.103 Tw
[(tion in rhetorical analysis and ar)17(gument. Students)]TJ
T*
0.215 Tw
[(designed and wrote documents during f)20(ield)-1(w)10(ork)]TJ
T*
-0.012 Tw
[(e)15(xperience with local non-prof)19(its such as Gads Hill)]TJ
T*
0.243 Tw
[(Center)40(,)-475(The Resurrection Project,)-493(and Changing)]TJ
22.5 63.68421 TD
0.033 Tw
[(W)80(orlds. During the second year of the pilot,)-284(2005-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.064 Tw
[(06,)-314(students took tw)10(o courses in UIC\325)54(s Colle)15(ge of)]TJ
T*
0.026 Tw
[(Urban Planning and Public )55(Af)24(f)10(airs,)-276(and w)10(or)-1(k)10(ed on)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.014 Tc
0.361 Tw
[(related research-based writing projects dur)-1(ing)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
0.102 Tw
[(f)20(ieldw)10(or)-1(k with nonprof)20(it partners,)-353(including plan-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.02 Tc
0.54 Tw
[(ning or)18(g)5(anizations suc)-1(h as the Center for)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.587 Tw
[(Neighborhood T)70(ec)-1(hnology)65(,)-874(the )-18(Nor)-1(theastern)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.013 Tc
0.362 Tw
[(Illinois Planning Commission,)-625(and the Metro)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
0.199 Tw
[(Chicago Informa)-1(tion Center)55(. )18(The f)20(inal course in)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.174 Tw
[(the sequence,)-424(\322English 375:)-424(Rhetoric and Public)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.147 Tw
[(Life,)70-397(to be of)24(f)1(er)-1(ed in F)15(all 2006,)-397(requires a cap-)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
-0.013 Tw
[(stone project,)-237(collaborati)25(v)15(el)-1(y designed by a student)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.13 Tw
[(and a community partner of the student\325)55(s choi)-1(ce,)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.197 Tw
[(and implemented by the student to the partner\325)55(s)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.057 Tw
[(specif)20(ica)-1(tions. Students who earn the CCLCP cer-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.03 Tw
[(tif)19(icate may apply for paid internships with the pro-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.111 Tw
[(gram\325)55(s student-centered CityW)80(or)-1(ks Center)40(,)-361(which)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.185 Tw
(will open in January 2007. Interns with CCLCP)Tj
0 -1.15789 TD
0.216 Tw
[(certif)19(icates will be v)15(er)-1(y well-prepared to e)15(xtend)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.025 Tw
[(their w)10(or)-1(k with community partners at local sites.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
5 0 0 5 487.4732 483.3852 Tm
0 g
(4)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 468.4313 Tm
0 g
0.005 Tw
[(Student learning in the CCLCP depends on writ)-1(-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.1579 TD
-0.019 Tw
[(ing acti)25(vity that is carried out,)-231(at least in part,)-232(in the)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(conte)Tj
2.15063 0 TD
0.048 Tw
(xt of r)Tj
2.5394 0 TD
0 Tw
(ecipr)Tj
1.99829 0 TD
0.048 Tw
[(ocal partnerships. Reciprocity)64(,)-298(f)1(or)]TJ
-6.68832 -1.15791 TD
0 Tw
(CCLCP)Tj
3.05688 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.55369 0 TD
(r)Tj
0.33277 0 TD
(ef)Tj
0.77661 0 TD
0.054 Tw
[(ers to the comple)14(x relationships de)25(v)15(el)-1(-)]TJ
-4.71995 -1.1579 TD
0.191 Tw
(oped among the pr)Tj
8.04277 0 TD
(o)Tj
0.5 0 TD
[(gram staf)25(f,)-441(f)10(aculty)65(,)-441(students,)]TJ
-8.54277 -1.15791 TD
0.3 Tw
(and the not-f)Tj
5.70863 0 TD
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.81299 0 TD
(-pr)Tj
1.16553 0 TD
0.3 Tw
[(of)20(it or)17(g)5(anizations that partner)]TJ
-7.68715 -1.1579 TD
0.062 Tw
(with CCLCP for the purpose of producing written)Tj
T*
0.116 Tw
[(documents needed by the or)18(g)5(aniza)-1(tion. )18(This rela-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.286 Tw
[(tionship e)15(x)15(emplif)19(ies a \322community of practice\323)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.035 Tw
[(\(W)79(enger)40(,)-285(1998\),)-285(def)20(ined as \322groups of people who)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.172 Tw
[(share a concern,)-422(a set of problems,)-423(or a passion)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.019 Tw
[(about a topic,)-231(and who deepen their kno)25(wledge and)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.053 Tw
[(e)15(xpertise in this area by interacting on an ongoing)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.162 Tw
[(basis\323)-412(\(W)80(enger)39(,)-412(McDerMott,)-411(& Sn)14(yder)40(,)-412(2002; p.)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.033 Tw
(34; see K)Tj
3.81681 0 TD
0 Tw
(eith,)Tj
2.03219 0 TD
(2005,)Tj
2.53267 0 TD
(f)Tj
0.33276 0 TD
0.033 Tw
(or a useful discussion of r)Tj
10.46513 0 TD
0 Tw
(ec)Tj
0.8877 0 TD
(-)Tj
-20.06726 -1.15792 TD
0.137 Tw
[(iprocity\). F)15(or instance)-1(,)-386(a student w)9(orking to pro-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.034 Tw
(duce a f)Tj
3.22331 -0.00001 TD
[(act sheet for Gads Hill Center)40(,)-285(a v)15(enerable)]TJ
-3.22331 -1.15789 TD
0.272 Tw
[(social service or)18(g)4(anization and CCLCP partner)40(,)]TJ
T*
0.247 Tw
[(must become immersed in man)15(y aspects of the)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.052 Tw
[(agenc)15(y to design and produce the document. Such)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.074 Tw
[(w)10(ork tr)-1(anscends the \322writing for\323)-324(cate)14(gory in that)]TJ
T*
0.056 Tw
[(it is reciprocal. In the process of w)9(orking together)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.199 Tw
[(to def)20(ine needs and problem-solv)14(e,)-448(students and)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(par)Tj
1.27661 0.00001 TD
(tner)Tj
1.55444 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(s)Tj
0.78114 0 Td
0 Tc
(esta)Tj
1.55463 0 TD
0.142 Tw
(blish deep and ongoing relationships)Tj
-5.16682 -1.15792 TD
0.089 Tw
[(in which all participants contrib)19(ute to social capi-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(tal. )Tj
1.54852 0.00001 TD
(T)Tj
0.61084 0.00001 TD
0.067 Tw
(hese r)Tj
2.4262 0.00001 TD
[(elationships cannot be char)-1(acterized as)]TJ
-4.58556 -1.15792 TD
0.02 Tc
0.756 Tw
[(simple informa)-1(tion e)15(xchanges; rather)40(,)-1026(the)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.42895 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(xc)Tj
0.94385 0.00001 TD
0.12 Tw
[(hanges that transpire in a comm)-1(unity of prac-)]TJ
-1.3728 -1.15791 TD
0.052 Tw
[(tice b)20(uild kno)24(wledge in the conte)15(xt of a joint,)-302(col-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(la)Tj
0.72168 0 TD
0.012 Tw
[(borati)25(v)14(e v)15(enture fueled by the understanding that)]TJ
-0.72168 -1.15791 TD
0.276 Tw
[(reciprocity depends on consequential,)-526(long-term)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.067 Tw
[(social relationships. Communities of pr)-1(actice,)-316(lik)9(e)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.151 Tw
[(the ones we hope to create f)-1(or CCLCP students,)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.134 Tw
[(pro)15(vide wha)-1(t )50(Vygotskian learning theorists call a)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0 Tw
Tj
0.88769 0.00001 TD
0.038 Tw
(one of pr)Tj
3.68477 0.00001 TD
(o)Tj
0.5 0.00001 TD
(ximal de)Tj
3.48399 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(elopment\325)Tj
4.05395 0.00001 TD
0.038 Tw
[-288(in which \322social)]TJ
-13.09551 -1.15793 TD
0.025 Tw
[(relations pro)15(vide a moti)25(v)15(e a)-1(nd)1( a )-1(cont)1(e)14(xt for apply-)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 18)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
19 0 obj
<<
/Length 13446
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(19)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 268.6251 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Impact of P)80(artner)9(ship-Center)37(ed,)-275(Community-Based Learning)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 700.0103 Tm
0 g
0.015 Tw
[(ing and acquiring kno)25(wledge\323)-266(\(Moll & Greenber)18(g,)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.177 Tw
[(1990,)-427(p. 326\). CCLCP students learn in situated)]TJ
T*
0.065 Tw
[(conte)15(xts ho)25(w wr)-1(iting w)10(orks,)-315(and then can tr)-1(ansfer)]TJ
-0.0002 Tc
(t)'
0.27784 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
-0.016 Tw
[(hat kno)25(wledge to other conte)14(xts in which the)15(y f)20(ind)]TJ
-0.27784 -1.17092 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(t)Tj
0.27787 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(hemselv)15(es writing. )]TJ
0.62213 -1.17091 TD
0.115 Tw
[(Our commitment to de)25(v)15(eloping recipr)-1(ocal part-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.17091 TD
0.308 Tw
(nerships influenced not only the design of the)Tj
T*
0.303 Tw
[(CCLCP b)20(ut also our plans for assessment and)]TJ
T*
0.028 Tw
[(research. It took months to lay the groundw)10(ork for)]TJ
T*
0.165 Tw
[(CCLCP by de)25(v)15(eloping partner)-1(ships with not-for)20(-)]TJ
T*
-0.036 Tw
[(prof)19(it community or)18(g)5(anizations based on each par)-1(t)1(-)]TJ
0 -1.1709 TD
0.012 Tc
0.363 Tw
[(ner or)18(g)4(anization\325)55(s needs for specif)19(ic research)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.02 Tc
0.621 Tw
[(and/or written documents. )18(Throughout this)]TJ
T*
0.001 Tc
0.374 Tw
[(process,)-625(we w)9(ork)10(ed closely with UIC\325)54(s Great)]TJ
T*
0 Tc
0.061 Tw
[(Cities Neighborhoods Initiati)24(v)15(e,)-310(which has a trac)-1(k)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tw
(record of creating and maintaining successful com-)Tj
T*
-0.004 Tw
[(munity-uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity partnerships. )30(W)40(ith CCLCP com-)]TJ
T*
0.068 Tw
[(munity partners as co-teachers,)-318(we collaborati)24(v)15(ely)]TJ
T*
0.133 Tw
[(designed projects for students,)-383(who,)-382(immersed in)]TJ
T*
0.23 Tw
[(the w)10(or)-1(k of their or)18(g)5(anizations w)10(ould go on to)]TJ
T*
0.065 Tw
[(plan,)-315(design,)-316(and produce (mostly research-based))]TJ
T*
0.304 Tw
[(documents,)-554(needed by their community partner)]TJ
0 -1.1709 TD
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.81494 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.49512 0 TD
(aniza)Tj
2.10937 0 TD
(tions. )Tj
2.49527 0 TD
0.08 Tw
(While classroom lessons concerned)Tj
-5.9147 -1.17092 TD
0 Tw
(rhetor)Tj
2.38721 0 TD
0.248 Tw
[(ic,)-499(genre,)-498(ef)25(fecti)25(v)15(e wr)-1(iting,)-498(ar)18(gumenta)-1(tion,)]TJ
-2.38721 -1.17092 TD
0.074 Tw
[(and documented research,)-325(as well as urban theory)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.112 Tw
(and issues,)Tj
4.80721 0 TD
0 Tw
(students\325)Tj
3.89861 0 TD
0.112 Tw
(lessons in the f)Tj
6.28833 0 TD
(ield in)Tj
2.60002 0 TD
(vited a)Tj
-17.59417 -1.17092 TD
(r)Tj
0.33276 0 TD
0 Tw
(ic)Tj
0.72168 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(h)Tj
0.7662 0 Td
0 Tc
0.016 Tw
(sense of par)Tj
4.80781 0 TD
[(ticipation in a community of prac)-1(-)]TJ
-6.62845 -1.17092 TD
0.025 Tw
[(tice \(La)20(v)14(e & )30(W)80(enger)39(,)-275(1991; )30(W)80(enger)40(,)-275(1998\). )]TJ
0.9 -1.17091 TD
0.161 Tw
[(What impact did the CCLCP students\325)-337(immer-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.17091 TD
0.027 Tw
[(sion in reciprocal community partner)-1(ships ha)20(v)15(e on)]TJ
T*
-0.016 Tw
[(their writing? )18(The ne)15(xt par)-1(t of this article traces the)]TJ
T*
0.225 Tw
[(design of an assessment matrix tha)-1(t crystallized)]TJ
T*
0.237 Tw
[(student learning goals,)-488(guided syllab)20(us de)25(v)15(elop-)]TJ
T*
0.118 Tw
[(ment,)-368(and focused program e)25(v)25(aluation on student)]TJ
0 -1.1709 TD
0.048 Tw
(learning outcomes. Our student learning outcomes)Tj
0 -1.17091 TD
0.13 Tw
[(matr)-1(ix pro)15(v)15(ed heuristic; questions it posed led to)]TJ
T*
-0.031 Tw
[(further questions about whether students\325)-145(par)-1(ticipa-)]TJ
T*
0.026 Tw
[(tion in the language acti)25(vities of community-based)]TJ
0 -1.1709 TD
0.227 Tw
[(partners w)9(ould ha)20(v)15(e an impact on the students\325)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 243.3557 Tm
0 g
0.005 Tc
(academic)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 106.0021 243.3557 Tm
0 g
0.02 Tc
0.359 Tw
[(writing. )17(T)1(ha)-1(t question inspired the)]TJ
-4.50021 -1.17091 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.33276 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(esear)Tj
2.05323 0 TD
(c)Tj
0.44384 0.00001 TD
(h)Tj
0.79248 0 Td
(w)Tj
0.72201 0.00001 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(e)Tj
0.73617 0 Td
(r)Tj
0.33301 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.44385 0.00001 TD
0.043 Tw
[(port in this article)-1(. Because CCLCP)]TJ
-5.85735 -1.17095 TD
0.128 Tw
[(gre)25(w out of an established,)-378(uni)25(v)14(ersity-wide,)-379(f)20(irst-)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
(y)Tj
0.5 0.00001 TD
0.1 Tw
(ear wr)Tj
2.62489 0.00001 TD
(iting pr)Tj
3.016 0.00001 TD
(ogram we had both the access and)Tj
-6.14089 -1.17093 TD
0.16 Tw
(the set of wr)Tj
5.44861 0.00001 TD
(iting cr)Tj
3.01973 0.00001 TD
(iteria we needed to design a)Tj
-8.46834 -1.17093 TD
0.02 Tc
0.425 Tw
[(study comparing CCLCP students\325)-621(academic)]TJ
0 -1.1709 TD
0 Tc
0.036 Tw
(research papers to the papers of a control group of)Tj
0 -1.17092 TD
0.109 Tw
(students who did not participate in a community-)Tj
0 -1.17091 TD
0.025 Tw
[(based learning e)15(xperience)-1(.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 72.9528 130.6172 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Assessment Matr)-1(ix for Student Learning)]TJ
6.15901 -1.219 TD
0 Tw
(Outcomes)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 70 98.299 Tm
0 g
0.02 Tc
(De)Tj
1.1809 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.5051 0 TD
0.02 Tc
0.36 Tw
(eloping assessment ma)Tj
10.30405 0.00001 TD
[(trices of)24(f)1(er)-1(ed an)]TJ
-12.89 -1.1709 TD
0 Tc
0.164 Tw
[(important opportunity to translate CCLCP\325)54(s con-)]TJ
T*
-0.011 Tw
[(ceptual frame)24(w)10(ork into clearly articula)-1(ted,)-239(measur-)]TJ
T*
0.278 Tw
[(able goals. Our matrices,)-528(modeled on w)9(ork by)]TJ
22.5 63.68385 TD
0.171 Tw
[(Gelmon,)-421(Holland,)-420(Dr)-1(iscoll,)-420(Spring,)-421(and K)25(er)-1(r)1(ig)4(an)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(\()Tj
0.33292 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
-0.013 Tw
[(2001\),)-237(address three ar)-1(eas:)-237(student learning,)-237(f)10(acul-)]TJ
-0.33292 -1.15789 TD
0.02 Tc
0.42 Tw
[(ty de)25(v)15(elopment,)-690(and community par)-1(tnership.)]TJ
T*
0 Tc
0.003 Tw
[(Because this article f)-1(ocuses on the impact of recip-)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
-0.021 Tw
[(rocal partnerships on student learning,)-229(we will con-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.263 Tw
[(f)20(ine our discussion to the student learning out-)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
[(comes matr)-1(ix \(see )18(T)80(able 1\). )18(The task of identifying)]TJ
T*
0.132 Tw
[(specif)20(ic lear)-1(ning goals and asking ho)25(w we might)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0.079 Tw
[(kno)25(w whether the)15(y had been met be)14(g)5(an early and)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.227 Tw
[(continued simultaneously with syllab)19(us de)25(v)15(elop-)]TJ
T*
0.012 Tw
[(ment during the summer before CCLCP\325)54(s inaugur-)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0.011 Tc
0.364 Tw
[(al semester)55(. Designing the learning outcomes)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
0.215 Tw
[(matr)-1(ix turned out to be a challenging,)-465(recursi)25(v)15(e)]TJ
T*
0.173 Tw
[(process that tested our ability to tr)-1(anslate theory)]TJ
T*
0.045 Tw
[(into instructional acti)25(vities that w)9(ould support stu-)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0.025 Tw
[(dent achie)25(v)15(ement of CCLCP lear)-1(ning goals. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15789 TD
0.05 Tw
[(The f)20(ir)-1(st column in CCLCP\325)55(s 2004-2005 matrix)]TJ
-0.9 -1.1579 TD
0.03 Tw
[(for student learning,)-280(la)-1(beled \322W)80(e w)9(ant to kno)25(w)65(...)70]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0.006 Tw
[(presents our program\325)55(s cor)-1(e concepts. )18(The left side)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.12 Tw
[(of that column cate)14(gorizes the core concepts into)]TJ
T*
0.023 Tw
[(the four main strands of CCLCP:)-274(rhetoric and aca-)]TJ
T*
0.31 Tw
[(demics,)-560(comm)-1(unity-based writing and research,)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0.178 Tw
[(ci)25(vic eng)4(a)1(gement,)-428(and leadership. )17(The right side)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.089 Tw
[(frames our cor)-1(e concepts as a series of questions.)]TJ
T*
-0.019 Tw
(The task of posing these questions demanded that a)Tj
T*
0.004 Tc
0.371 Tw
(baggy set of theoretical beliefs be written as)Tj
0 -1.15788 TD
0 Tc
0.091 Tw
[(testable questions,)-341(research questions,)-341(if you will.)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.244 Tw
[(The e)15(x)15(er)-1(cise brings home,)-494(especially to writing)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(teac)Tj
1.60937 0 TD
(her)Tj
1.27662 0 TD
0.052 Tw
[(s,)-302(the rhetoric a)-1(t w)10(ork in articulating lear)-1(n-)]TJ
-2.88599 -1.15789 TD
0.017 Tw
[(ing goals for students. )18(The second column,)-267(la)-1(beled)]TJ
T*
-0.027 Tw
[80(And we will kno)25(w by)65(...)70-223(asks for k)9(e)15(y indicators of)]TJ
T*
0.085 Tw
[(student accomplishment. )18(The third column identi-)]TJ
(f)'
0.31299 0 TD
0.293 Tw
[(ies sources of data. Each instructional acti)24(vity)]TJ
-0.31299 -1.15788 TD
0.273 Tw
[(planned for CCLCP\325)55(s writing c)-1(lasses w)10(ould be)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.153 Tw
[(tested ag)5(ainst the learning goals identif)19(ied in the)]TJ
T*
0.111 Tw
(assessment ma)Tj
6.02565 0 TD
[(trix and the goals w)9(ould be shared)]TJ
-6.02565 -1.15789 TD
0.145 Tw
[(with students so the)15(y w)10(ould under)-1(stand what we)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0.025 Tw
[(e)15(xpected them to learn.)]TJ
0.9 -1.1579 TD
0.031 Tw
[(In the pre)25(vious section,)-281(we sk)10(etched the w)9(ays in)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15789 TD
0.069 Tw
[(which our community-based learning project b)19(uilt)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0.343 Tw
(on an institution-wide commitment to eng)Tj
18.51231 0.00001 TD
(a)Tj
0.44385 0.00001 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ed)Tj
-19.45616 -1.15791 TD
0.016 Tc
0.359 Tw
[(scholarship and on discipline-specif)19(ic notions)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.44385 0.00001 TD
0.037 Tw
(bout ho)Tj
3.03981 0 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(w)Tj
1.00857 0 Td
(r)Tj
0.333 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0 Tw
(ecipr)Tj
1.9983 0.00001 TD
0.037 Tw
(ocal par)Tj
3.22902 0.00001 TD
(tnerships enhance writing)Tj
-10.05255 -1.15792 TD
0.259 Tw
(instruction. Learning goals for CCLCP students)Tj
0 -1.15788 TD
-0.035 Tw
(came ali)Tj
3.29929 0.00001 TD
[(v)15(e through writing projects with r)-1(eal-w)10(orld)]TJ
-3.29929 -1.1579 TD
0.021 Tw
[(impact. )18(The projects wer)-1(e shaped by ongoing reci-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.109 Tw
[(procal rela)-1(tionships with community partners and)]TJ
T*
0.002 Tc
0.373 Tw
[(enacted lessons about ho)25(w languag)-1(e functions)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0 Tc
0 Tw
(rhetor)Tj
2.38721 0.00001 TD
(icall)Tj
1.72119 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
1.0285 0 Td
0 Tc
0.279 Tw
(in par)Tj
2.58327 0 TD
(ticular conte)Tj
5.23325 0 TD
0 Tw
(xts. )Tj
1.89048 0.00001 TD
0.279 Tw
(All this ha)Tj
4.72335 0.00001 TD
(p-)Tj
-19.56725 -1.15793 TD
0.177 Tw
[(pened because of a question we ask)10(ed ourselv)14(es)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
(a)Tj
0.44385 0.00001 TD
0.062 Tw
(bout our ma)Tj
4.95544 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tr)Tj
0.61059 0.00001 TD
(ix\325)Tj
1.05567 0.00001 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(s)Tj
0.70026 0 Td
0 Tc
0.062 Tw
[(f)20(ir)-1(st tw)10(o conceptual cate)14(gories,)]TJ
-7.76581 -1.15791 TD
0.008 Tc
0.366 Tw
[(rhetoric and academics,)-625(and community-based)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
0 Tw
(wr)Tj
1.05469 0.00001 TD
0.07 Tw
[(iting and research. )18(This k)10(e)15(y question w)9(as,)-319(\322But)]TJ
-1.05469 -1.15789 TD
0.212 Tw
[(ho)25(w will we kno)25(w whether students appl)-1(y their)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(rhetor)Tj
2.38721 0.00001 TD
0.133 Tw
(ical lessons in comm)Tj
8.75928 0.00001 TD
(unity-based conte)Tj
7.19906 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(xts?\323)Tj
-18.34555 -1.1579 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(As)Tj
1.44313 0 Td
(w)Tj
0.722 0.00001 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(e)Tj
0.77598 0 Td
0 Tc
0.082 Tw
[(realized)-1(,)-332(the answer to that question lay in)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 19)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
20 0 obj
<<
/Length 10881
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(20)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(F)75(eldman et al.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.6 0 0 8.6 61 656.989 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Rhetoric and)Tj
0 -1.16279 TD
0 Tw
(Academics)Tj
0 -12.79069 TD
(Community-based )Tj
0 -1.16279 TD
0.025 Tw
[(writing and resear)-1(c)1(h)]TJ
0 -22.09302 TD
0 Tw
(Ci)Tj
0.91994 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(vic Eng)Tj
3.10264 0 TD
0 Tw
(agement )Tj
-4.02258 -20.93024 TD
(Leadership)Tj
9.41862 58.13953 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Ho)25(w do students apply the)]TJ
0 -1.16279 TD
(rhetorical dimensions of )Tj
T*
0 Tw
[(situation,)-275(genre,)-275(language )]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(and consequences in the )Tj
T*
[(conte)15(xt of their w)9(ork with )]TJ
T*
(at community agencies?)Tj
0 -2.32559 TD
[(Ho)25(w does writing and )]TJ
0 -1.16279 TD
(learning in this program )Tj
T*
[(f)10(acilitate writing and learning)]TJ
T*
[(in other uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity classes?)]TJ
0 -2.32558 TD
[(Ho)25(w ef)25(fecti)24(v)15(ely are the )]TJ
0 -1.16279 TD
[(documents created f)-1(or the)]TJ
T*
(community partners?)Tj
0 -5.81396 TD
0 Tw
(Ho)Tj
1.19703 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(w)Tj
0.99687 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
(do students a)Tj
5.27125 0 TD
0 Tw
(pply )Tj
-7.46516 -1.1628 TD
(comm)Tj
2.49951 0 TD
(unica)Tj
2.16554 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(tion methods )Tj
-4.66504 -1.1628 TD
(and skills to conduct research)Tj
0 -1.16279 TD
[(within v)25(ar)-1(ious discourse)]TJ
0.275 -1.16279 TD
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.49951 0 TD
(unities?)Tj
-2.77451 -2.32559 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Ho)25(w do students adjust their)]TJ
0 -1.16279 TD
(communication styles to)Tj
T*
(enable them to function )Tj
T*
[(optimally in both comple)15(x)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.49951 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(unity-based and )Tj
-2.49951 -1.1628 TD
[(uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity-based situations?)]TJ
0 -2.32558 TD
0 Tw
(Ho)Tj
1.19703 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(w)Tj
0.9969 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
(do students v)Tj
5.3025 0 TD
[(alue ci)25(vic)]TJ
-7.49643 -1.1628 TD
[(eng)5(agement for its impact on)]TJ
0 -1.16279 TD
(society a)Tj
3.55113 0 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(t)Tj
0.55264 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(lar)Tj
1.03683 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0 TD
(e?)Tj
-5.64059 -9.30233 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Ho)25(w do students inte)15(grate)]TJ
0 -1.16279 TD
[(their ci)25(vic eng)5(agement )]TJ
T*
[(acti)25(vities with their academic,)]TJ
T*
(career and personal goals?)Tj
0 -5.81396 TD
[(Ho)25(w does participation in this)]TJ
0 -1.16279 TD
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.83277 0.00001 TD
(o)Tj
0.5 0.00001 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0.00001 TD
(r)Tj
0.33275 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(am sha)Tj
2.82945 0.00001 TD
(pe students\325)Tj
-4.99497 -1.16283 TD
(understanding of leadership?)Tj
0 -4.65116 TD
0 Tw
(Ho)Tj
1.19703 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(w)Tj
0.99685 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
(does par)Tj
3.38447 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ticipa)Tj
2.22118 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(tion in this)Tj
-7.79953 -1.16281 TD
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.83277 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(ogram shape students\325)Tj
-0.83277 -1.1628 TD
(ability to lead?)Tj
13.08138 67.44186 TD
[(Articulation and a)-1(pplication of rhetoric to)]TJ
0 -1.16279 TD
[(specif)20(ic situa)-1(tions. )]TJ
0 -6.97674 TD
[(Articulation of ho)24(w students\325)-201(understand-)]TJ
0 -1.16279 TD
[(ing of rhetoric has f)10(acilita)-1(ted writing and)]TJ
T*
[(learning in other uni)25(v)14(ersity classes.)]TJ
0 -3.48837 TD
[(Feedback from community partner)-1(s.)]TJ
0 -1.16279 TD
[(Feedback from f)9(aculty)65(.)]TJ
T*
[(Student self-e)25(v)25(alua)-1(tion of changes in)]TJ
0 -1.1628 TD
(writing skills.)Tj
0 -4.65116 TD
(F)Tj
0.5559 0 TD
0 Tw
(eedbac)Tj
2.7754 0 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(k)Tj
0.77468 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(from community partner)-1(s.)]TJ
-4.10599 -1.1628 TD
(F)Tj
0.5559 0 TD
0 Tw
(eedbac)Tj
2.7754 0 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(k)Tj
0.77468 0 Td
0 Tc
(fr)Tj
0.66585 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(om f)Tj
1.87584 0 TD
0 Tw
(aculty)Tj
2.37846 0 TD
(.)Tj
-9.02614 -1.16281 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Student self-e)25(v)25(alua)-1(tion of changes in)]TJ
0 -1.16279 TD
(research skills.)Tj
0 -3.48837 TD
[(Percei)24(v)15(ed change in ability to identify)]TJ
0 -1.16279 TD
(communication problems.)Tj
T*
[(Feedback from f)9(aculty)65(. )]TJ
T*
[(Feedback from community partner)-1(s .)]TJ
0 -4.65116 TD
0 Tw
(Ar)Tj
1.05469 0 TD
(ticula)Tj
2.2212 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(tion of kno)25(wledge about )]TJ
-3.27588 -1.1628 TD
(community and public issues.)Tj
0 -1.16279 TD
0 Tw
(Reco)Tj
2.05469 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(gnition of c)Tj
4.66012 0 TD
0 Tw
(hang)Tj
1.94385 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(es or possibilities)Tj
-8.65865 -1.1628 TD
(for change in public life as a result of)Tj
0 -1.16279 TD
(their actions.)Tj
T*
(Understanding of community strengths,)Tj
T*
0 Tw
[(problems,)-275(resources.)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(Identif)20(ica)-1(tion of community assets and)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(needs. )Tj
0 -2.32558 TD
0.025 Tw
(Choice of a major that enables students )Tj
0 -1.16279 TD
[(to pursue ci)25(vic eng)4(a)1(gement acti)24(vities.)]TJ
T*
(Career decisions that enable students to)Tj
T*
[(pursue ci)25(vic eng)4(a)1(gement acti)24(vities.)]TJ
T*
[(Extra-curricular acti)25(vities tha)-1(t enable )]TJ
T*
[(students to pursue ci)25(vic eng)4(a)1(gement)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(acti)Tj
1.41848 0.00001 TD
(vities.)Tj
-1.41848 -2.32559 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Articulation of a d)-1(ynamic def)20(inition of)]TJ
0 -1.16279 TD
0 Tw
(leader)Tj
2.44214 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(ship tha)Tj
3.16344 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(t)Tj
0.55275 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(inc)Tj
1.22176 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(ludes e)Tj
2.81457 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(xamples.)Tj
-10.19466 -1.16282 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Articulation of ho)24(w leadership skills )]TJ
0 -1.16279 TD
[(ha)20(v)14(e been demonstra)1(ted b)-1(y community)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(partners.)Tj
0 -2.32558 TD
0.025 Tw
(Sense of r)Tj
4.04806 0.00001 TD
(esponsibility f)Tj
5.7186 0.00001 TD
(or solving pr)Tj
5.16012 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ob)Tj
1 0.00001 TD
(-)Tj
-15.92678 -1.16282 TD
0.025 Tw
(lems and taking o)Tj
7.13192 0.00001 TD
(wnership of projects.)Tj
-7.13192 -1.1628 TD
(Ability to collaborate with others and)Tj
0 -1.16279 TD
(f)Tj
0.32301 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(acilita)Tj
2.44287 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(te teamw)Tj
3.65221 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.83277 0.00001 TD
(k.)Tj
10.59201 68.60461 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Analysis of co)15(v)15(er )]TJ
0 -1.16279 TD
[(letters,)-275(f)20(ield notes,)]TJ
T*
(other student writing;)Tj
T*
(student focus group.)Tj
0 -4.65116 TD
[(Course surv)15(e)15(ys; student)]TJ
0 -1.16279 TD
[(focus group; f)20(ield)]TJ
T*
[(notes,)-275(and other student)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(writing.)Tj
0 -2.32558 TD
0.025 Tw
(Community partner)Tj
0 -1.16279 TD
[(focus group; f)10(aculty)]TJ
T*
[(intervie)25(ws; anal)-1(ysis of)]TJ
0 -1.1628 TD
[(f)20(ield notes,)-275(student )]TJ
0 -1.16279 TD
[(surv)15(e)15(ys,)-275(and other )]TJ
T*
(student wr)Tj
4.21813 0 TD
0 Tw
(iting)Tj
-4.21813 -2.32559 TD
0.025 Tw
(Student f)Tj
3.66319 0 TD
(ocus g)Tj
2.60777 0 TD
0 Tw
(roup;)Tj
-6.27095 -1.1628 TD
0.025 Tw
(student sur)Tj
4.38512 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.48512 0 TD
(e)Tj
0.42896 0 TD
(ys; anal)Tj
3.10728 0 TD
(y)Tj
0.5 0 TD
(-)Tj
-8.90648 -1.16281 TD
[(sis of f)20(ield notes and)]TJ
0 -1.16279 TD
(other student writing.)Tj
0 -3.48837 TD
(Student focus group;)Tj
0 -1.16279 TD
[(analysis of f)19(ield notes)]TJ
T*
(and other student writ-)Tj
T*
[(ing; f)10(aculty intervie)24(ws;)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.49951 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(unity par)Tj
3.60729 0 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
-6.1068 -1.1628 TD
0.025 Tw
(focus group.)Tj
0 -2.32558 TD
0 Tw
(Anal)Tj
1.94361 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(ysis of r)Tj
3.2712 0 TD
0 Tw
(esearch)Tj
-5.2148 -1.1628 TD
0.025 Tw
(papers; student focus)Tj
0 -1.16279 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0 TD
(r)Tj
0.33277 0 TD
0 Tw
(oup.)Tj
-0.83277 -9.30233 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Student surv)15(e)15(ys; )]TJ
0 -1.16279 TD
(student focus group.)Tj
0 -8.13954 TD
(Student focus group;)Tj
0 -1.16279 TD
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.49951 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(unity par)Tj
3.60729 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
-6.1068 -1.16281 TD
0.025 Tw
(focus group.)Tj
0 -4.65116 TD
(F)Tj
0.54102 0.00001 TD
(aculty inter)Tj
4.55065 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(vie)Tj
1.19679 0.00001 TD
(ws;)Tj
-6.28847 -1.16281 TD
(comm)Tj
2.49951 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(unity partner)Tj
-2.49951 -1.1628 TD
(focus group; student)Tj
0 -1.16279 TD
(f)Tj
0.33277 0.00001 TD
(ocus g)Tj
2.60777 0.00001 TD
(r)Tj
0.33276 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(oup.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 700.0103 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(T)80(able 1)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 688.5103 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Assessment Matrix f)-1(or Student Learning Outcomes)]TJ
ET
0.5 w
0 G
61 683.3481 m
491 683.3481 l
S
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 672.5103 Tm
0 g
-0.034 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(W)64(e w)1(ant to kno)10(w)70(...\(Cor)19(e Conce)1(pts\))-7527(And we will)1( kno)10(w b)1(y ... \(K)25(ey Indica)1(tor)2(s)-1(\))-852(Method)]TJ
ET
0.5 w
0 G
60 667.5 m
492 667.5 l
S
60 549.7381 m
492 549.7381 l
S
60 349.796 m
492 349.796 l
S
60 170.187 m
492 170.187 l
S
136.5 109.5 m
492 109.5 l
S
136.5 250.1371 m
492 250.1371 l
S
136.5 420.427 m
492 420.427 l
S
136.5 479.731 m
492 479.731 l
S
136.5 600 m
492 600 l
S
136.4999 667.4999 m
136.4999 60 l
S
249.1792 682.759 m
249.1792 60.011 l
S
402.5243 682.759 m
402.5243 60.011 l
S
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 20)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
21 0 obj
<<
/Length 13620
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(21)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 268.6251 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Impact of P)80(artner)9(ship-Center)37(ed,)-275(Community-Based Learning)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 700.0103 Tm
0 g
0.145 Tw
[(our e)15(xamination of the broc)-1(hures and f)10(act sheets)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.069 Tw
[(f)20(irst-semester CCLCP students produ)-1(c)1(ed f)-1(or com-)]TJ
T*
0.065 Tw
(munity partners; these documents demonstrate the)Tj
T*
0.042 Tw
[(e)15(xtent to which classroom lear)-1(ning w)10(as enacted in)]TJ
-0.0001 Tc
(a)'
0.71874 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(community conte)15(xt. )]TJ
0.18126 -1.15237 TD
0.279 Tw
(The learning outcomes matrix also poses the)Tj
-0.9 -1.15236 TD
0.048 Tw
[(question,)-299(\322Ho)25(w do students adjust their communi-)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.086 Tw
(cation styles to enable them to function optimally)Tj
0 -1.15238 TD
0.053 Tw
[(in both comple)15(x community-based and uni)25(v)14(ersity-)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.035 Tw
[(based situations?\323)-267(This question led us to e)15(xamine)]TJ
T*
0.212 Tw
[(students\325)-388(ability to accomplish both community-)]TJ
0 -1.15236 TD
0.114 Tw
[(based writing for their partner or)17(g)5(anizations\321the)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.255 Tw
[(kind of writing the)15(y attempted when pr)-1(oducing)]TJ
T*
0.259 Tw
[(brochur)-1(es and f)10(act sheets in their f)20(ir)-1(st-semester)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.206 Tw
[(writing course\321and written academic discour)-1(se.)]TJ
T*
0.236 Tw
[(W)80(e look)10(ed for e)24(vidence of competent academic)]TJ
0 -1.15236 TD
0.038 Tw
[(writing in the resear)-1(c)1(h pa)-1(pers produced in English)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.149 Tw
[(161,)-399(the second-semester writing course required)]TJ
0 -1.15236 TD
-0.026 Tw
[(of all UIC under)18(graduates,)-224(including those enrolled)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.025 Tw
[(in CCLCP)111(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 113.5553 462.1799 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Question for Research)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 70 443.4563 Tm
0 g
0.01 Tw
[(Our study in)40(v)15(estig)4(ated not only whether CCLCP)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15237 TD
0.157 Tw
[(students could competently generate an e)15(xtended)]TJ
T*
0.09 Tw
(academic ar)Tj
4.87343 0 TD
(gument based on inquir)Tj
9.68376 0 TD
(y)Tj
0.43506 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.58974 0 TD
(b)Tj
0.48022 0 TD
(ut whether)Tj
-16.06221 -1.15239 TD
0.006 Tc
0.369 Tw
[(students\325)-551(community-based learning e)14(xperience)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0 Tc
-0.001 Tw
(had an impact on the quality of their end-of semes-)Tj
T*
0.02 Tc
0.485 Tw
(ter r)Tj
2.22178 0 TD
0 Tw
(esear)Tj
2.1532 0 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.46385 0 TD
0.0199 Tc
(h)Tj
1.27449 0 Td
0.02 Tc
0.485 Tw
[(papers. Our Fir)-1(st-Y)100(ear )30(Wr)-1(iting)]TJ
-6.11332 -1.15237 TD
0 Tc
0.364 Tw
[(Program has established e)25(v)24(aluation criteria for)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.174 Tw
[(these research papers,)-425(so a panel of readers w)10(as)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0 Tw
[(able to refer to the same standard cr)-1(iteria when rat-)]TJ
T*
-0.013 Tw
[(ing all the papers in a mix)15(ed sample of pa)-1(pers writ-)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.375 Tw
[(ten by students in CCLCP\325)55(s community-based)]TJ
0 -1.15236 TD
0 Tw
(lear)Tj
1.49829 0 TD
0.191 Tw
(ning v)Tj
2.70415 0 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.77661 0 TD
0.191 Tw
(sion of English 161 and papers pro-)Tj
-4.97905 -1.15238 TD
0.051 Tw
(duced b)Tj
3.18843 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
0.80055 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.74455 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(contr)Tj
2.05465 0 TD
0.051 Tw
(ol g)Tj
1.57857 0 TD
(roup of students in traditional)Tj
-8.36675 -1.15238 TD
0.095 Tw
(English 161 cour)Tj
7.02179 0 TD
[(ses. )30(W)80(e then compared the a)19(v)15(er-)]TJ
-7.02179 -1.15238 TD
(a)Tj
0.44385 0 TD
0.045 Tw
[(ge scores of each group. )30(W)80(e ar)17(gued abo)15(v)15(e that in)]TJ
-0.44385 -1.15237 TD
0.141 Tw
[(addition to responding to calls for more r)-1(igorous)]TJ
T*
0.207 Tw
[(research design,)-457(service-learning scholars should)]TJ
T*
0.128 Tw
[(contemplate ho)25(w to design resear)-1(c)1(h that ca)-1(ptures)]TJ
T*
0.071 Tw
[(the comple)15(xity of partnership-c)-1(entered,)-321(communi-)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
-0.026 Tw
[(ty-based learning. )18(The study presented here aims to)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.001 Tw
(test the ef)Tj
3.86318 -0.00001 TD
[(fect of writing e)15(xperiences situated in the)]TJ
-3.86318 -1.15236 TD
0 Tw
(conte)Tj
2.15063 0 TD
0.328 Tw
(xt of r)Tj
3.09888 0 TD
0 Tw
(ecipr)Tj
1.99829 0.00001 TD
0.328 Tw
(ocal par)Tj
3.51989 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.55444 0.00001 TD
0.328 Tw
[(ships with not-for)19(-)]TJ
-12.32213 -1.15239 TD
0.025 Tw
[(prof)19(it or)18(g)5(anizations.)]TJ
0.9 -1.15237 TD
0.004 Tw
(Both the CCLCP students and contr)Tj
14.38132 0.00001 TD
(ol g)Tj
1.53213 0.00001 TD
(roup stu-)Tj
-16.81345 -1.15239 TD
0.329 Tw
[(dents were enr)-1(olled during the same semester)40(,)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.321 Tw
[(Spring 2005,)-571(in sections of English 161. It is)]TJ
0 -1.15236 TD
0 Tw
(impor)Tj
2.38843 0 TD
0.185 Tw
(tant to note tha)Tj
6.52532 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(t)Tj
0.71268 0 Td
0 Tc
(the conce)Tj
3.98812 0.00001 TD
(ptual fr)Tj
3.09991 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ame)Tj
1.64062 0.00001 TD
(w)Tj
0.71216 0.00001 TD
(or)Tj
0.83277 0 TD
(k)Tj
-19.90001 -1.1524 TD
-0.021 Tw
[(w)10(as the same for both classes. English 161 requir)-1(es)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.15 Tw
(all students to par)Tj
7.53 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ticipa)Tj
2.22119 0.00001 TD
0.15 Tw
(te in academic cultur)Tj
8.80539 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.84342 0 Td
(b)Tj
0.49999 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(y)Tj
-19.9 -1.1524 TD
0.018 Tc
0.357 Tw
[(conducting guided research,)-625(posing questions)]TJ
T*
0 Tc
0.212 Tw
[(about important issues,)-462(and de)25(v)15(eloping an ar)18(gu-)]TJ
T*
0.076 Tw
[(ment in response to positions tak)10(en by other)-1(s. )30(W)80(e)]TJ
(w)'
0.7122 0 TD
0.13 Tw
(ant students in this cour)Tj
10.01897 0.00001 TD
(se to see themselv)Tj
7.62311 0.00001 TD
(es as)Tj
-18.3542 -1.1524 TD
-0.01 Tw
[(participants in a consequential in)40(v)14(estig)5(ation,)-239(and to)]TJ
22.5 63.68355 TD
0.178 Tw
[(position themselv)15(es within an ongoing con)39(v)15(ersa-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(t)Tj
0.2779 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.013 Tw
(ion about the topic of their research. Each English)Tj
-0.2779 -1.15789 TD
0.018 Tc
0.357 Tw
[(161 instructor de)25(v)14(elops a particular thematic)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(i)Tj
0.27789 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.071 Tw
(nquiry and students may choose a class that suits)Tj
-0.27789 -1.15789 TD
0.093 Tw
[(their interests,)-344(although,)-343(of course,)-344(man)15(y students)]TJ
T*
0.028 Tw
[(choose classes that best f)20(it their schedules. )17(T)80(ypical)]TJ
T*
0.049 Tw
[(f)20(ields of inquiry for English 161 include immigra-)]TJ
T*
0.078 Tw
[(tion,)-328(community de)25(v)15(elopment,)-328(animal rights,)-328(gen-)]TJ
T*
0.086 Tw
[(trif)19(ication,)-336(globalization,)-336(education,)-335(or issues cen)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.369 Tw
[(tering on race or ethnicity)64(,)-619(c)1(lass,)-620(and gender)55(.)]TJ
T*
-0.028 Tw
[(During the f)20(ir)-1(st half of the semester)40(,)-222(students in tra-)]TJ
T*
0.07 Tw
[(ditional English 161 classes read about the class\325)54(s)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.021 Tw
[(broad topic in a v)25(ar)-1(iety of disciplinary and v)15(ernac)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.073 Tw
[(ular genres,)-323(and produce short pa)-1(pers demonstrat-)]TJ
T*
0.148 Tw
[(ing mastery of summary)65(,)-398(synthesis,)-398(and analysis.)]TJ
T*
0.125 Tw
[(Although English 161 students may e)15(xplore their)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0.005 Tc
0.369 Tw
[(o)24(wn communities or communities neighboring)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.009 Tc
0.366 Tw
[(UIC by conducting intervie)25(ws and e)14(xamining)]TJ
T*
0 Tc
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.77661 0 TD
0.072 Tw
[(chi)25(v)25(al mater)-1(ials,)-322(more typically their resear)-1(c)1(h is)]TJ
-0.77661 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(dr)Tj
0.83276 0 TD
0.235 Tw
[(a)15(wn from academic journals,)-485(scholarly books,)]TJ
-0.83276 -1.1579 TD
0.02 Tc
0.369 Tw
(and other ma)Tj
6.19767 -0.00001 TD
[(terial a)19(v)25(ailable though research)]TJ
-6.19767 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
0 Tw
[(librar)-1(ies. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15789 TD
0.218 Tw
[(Classroom acti)25(vities in the CCLCP section of)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15789 TD
0.118 Tw
[(English 161 paralleled acti)25(vities in the traditional)]TJ
T*
-0.002 Tw
[(sections. Ho)25(we)25(v)15(er)39(,)-247(a k)9(e)15(y dif)25(ference occurred in the)]TJ
T*
0.078 Tw
[(projects produced in the f)19(irst part of the semester)55(.)]TJ
T*
0.02 Tc
0.365 Tw
(CCLCP students completed community-based)Tj
T*
0 Tc
0.062 Tw
[(writing projects tha)-1(t responded to needs identif)20(ied)]TJ
T*
0.085 Tw
[(by their partner or)18(g)4(anizations,)-335(such as portions of)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(ann)Tj
1.44385 0 TD
0.049 Tw
[(ual reports,)-300(press kits,)-299(broc)-1(hures,)-269(W)80(eb content,)]TJ
-1.44385 -1.15789 TD
0.035 Tw
[(and featur)-1(e stories. CCLCP students learned about)]TJ
T*
-0.024 Tw
[(summary)65(,)-227(synthesis,)-226(and analysis by applying these)]TJ
T*
0.216 Tw
(skills to analyzing both documents produced by)Tj
T*
0.103 Tw
(their par)Tj
3.46223 0 TD
(tner or)Tj
2.72272 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.49512 0 TD
0 Tw
(aniza)Tj
2.10937 0 TD
0.103 Tw
(tions and academic r)Tj
8.55612 0 TD
0 Tw
(eadings)Tj
-17.34556 -1.15791 TD
0.026 Tw
(on rhetor)Tj
3.66345 0 TD
(ic and urban issues. Because CCLCP stu)Tj
16.40379 0 TD
(-)Tj
-20.06724 -1.1579 TD
0.069 Tw
(dents lear)Tj
3.92814 0.00001 TD
(ned to a)Tj
3.30404 0 TD
[(pply the skills of summary)65(,)-319(syn)-1(-)]TJ
-7.23218 -1.1579 TD
0 Tw
(thesis,)Tj
2.93657 0 TD
0.159 Tw
[(and analysis from the perspecti)24(v)15(e of their)]TJ
-2.93657 -1.15789 TD
0.115 Tw
[(community partners,)-365(students came to understand)]TJ
T*
0.009 Tw
[(e)15(xigence and what it means to respond rhetoricall)-1(y)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.066 Tw
[(to a real-w)9(orld situation. Summary)65(,)-316(synthesis,)-316(and)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(anal)Tj
1.66553 0.00001 TD
0.079 Tw
(ysis w)Tj
2.60695 0 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.77661 0 TD
(e)Tj
0.77329 0 Td
0.079 Tw
(no long)Tj
3.10712 0 TD
[(er deconte)15(xtualized intellec-)]TJ
-8.9295 -1.15792 TD
-0.016 Tw
[(tual strate)15(gies,)-234(b)20(ut pr)-1(actices tak)10(en up in response to)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.06 Tw
(an or)Tj
2.06895 0.00001 TD
(g)Tj
0.49511 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(aniza)Tj
2.10938 0.00001 TD
0.06 Tw
[(tion\325)55(s need to achie)24(v)15(e usually concrete)]TJ
-4.67344 -1.15791 TD
0 Tw
(ends. )Tj
1.26773 -1.15788 TD
0.118 Tw
[(From the be)15(ginning of the semester)40(,)-368(just as in)]TJ
-1.26773 -1.1579 TD
0.203 Tw
[(traditional English 161 classes,)-453(CCLCP students)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.141 Tw
[(be)15(g)5(an to contemplate their r)-1(esearch paper topics.)]TJ
T*
0.364 Tw
(Most students consulted with their community)Tj
T*
0 Tw
(par)Tj
1.27661 0 TD
(tner)Tj
1.55444 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(s)Tj
0.68325 0 Td
0 Tc
0.044 Tw
(and c)Tj
2.18214 0.00001 TD
(hose an issue r)Tj
5.99204 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ela)Tj
1.16552 0.00001 TD
0.044 Tw
(ted to their par)Tj
5.99156 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
-18.84556 -1.15793 TD
(or)Tj
0.81494 0.00001 TD
0.027 Tw
[(g)5(anization\325)55(s w)9(ork. )55(A fe)25(w students chose to write)]TJ
-0.81494 -1.15789 TD
(a)Tj
0.44385 0.00001 TD
0.162 Tw
(bout ser)Tj
3.35489 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(vice-lear)Tj
3.49658 0.00001 TD
0.162 Tw
(ning itself)Tj
4.18838 0.00001 TD
(,)Tj
0.66153 0.00001 TD
(with a focus on the)Tj
-12.14523 -1.15792 TD
0.147 Tw
[(pedagogy of the CCLCP)111(. )55(About midw)9(a)1(y thr)-1(ough)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.151 Tw
[(the semester)40(,)-401(instruction in both the CCLCP and)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0.197 Tw
(traditional sections of English 161 turned to the)Tj
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.001 Tw
[(origina)-1(tion of a research proposal. From that point,)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.02 Tc
0.373 Tw
(instruction increasingly focused on academic)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 21)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
22 0 obj
<<
/Length 12449
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(22)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(F)75(eldman et al.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
0.26 Tw
[(inquiry and de)25(v)15(elopment of an ar)17(gument-based,)]TJ
0 -1.17187 TD
-0.016 Tw
[(documented in)40(v)15(estig)4(ation that w)10(ould result in a 10-)]TJ
T*
-0.006 Tw
[(to-12-page resear)-1(c)1(h paper)54(. F)15(or the past ten years or)]TJ
(s)'
0.38896 0.00001 TD
-0.003 Tw
[(o,)-247(UIC\325)54(s First-Y)99(ear )30(Writing Program has relied on)]TJ
-0.38896 -1.17188 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(a)Tj
0.73374 0 Td
0 Tc
0.04 Tw
[(criterion-based e)24(v)25(aluation rubric for the resear)-1(c)1(h)]TJ
-0.73374 -1.17187 TD
0.239 Tw
[(paper)39(,)-488(de)24(v)15(eloped collaborati)25(v)15(el)-1(y by members of)]TJ
T*
0.079 Tw
[(the teaching staf)25(f. )18(The rubric \(see )17(T)80(able 2\) identi-)]TJ
0 -1.17188 TD
0.107 Tw
[(f)20(ies k)10(e)15(y course f)-1(eatures that def)19(ine progr)1(am-wide)]TJ
0 -1.17187 TD
0.126 Tw
[(instruction and e)25(v)25(alua)-1(tion. )18(These criteria stem,)-376(at)]TJ
0 -1.17186 TD
-0.018 Tw
[(least in part,)-232(from the F)-1(irst-Y)100(ear )29(Writing Program\325)55(s)]TJ
0 -1.17187 TD
0.321 Tw
[(commitment to eng)5(aged scholarship. )17(T)1(he w)9(ork)]TJ
0 -1.17188 TD
0.117 Tw
[(e)15(xpected of f)20(ir)-1(st-year writing students parallels\321)]TJ
T*
0.021 Tw
[(in a broad,)-272(conceptual w)10(ay\321the scholarly w)10(ork of)]TJ
0 -1.17187 TD
0.157 Tw
[(f)10(aculty who in)40(v)15(estig)4(ate signif)20(icant issues in their)]TJ
0 -1.17188 TD
0.044 Tw
[(o)25(wn disciplinary conte)15(xts. )55(As suc)-1(h,)-294(the features of)]TJ
0 -1.17187 TD
0.118 Tw
[(the rubric emphasize the conte)14(xtual,)-368(participatory)]TJ
0 -1.17188 TD
0.011 Tw
[(features of resear)-1(c)1(h,)-261(and our pr)-1(ogr)1(am\325)54(s attempts to)]TJ
0 -1.17187 TD
0.003 Tc
0.372 Tw
[(b)1(r)1(ing students into dialogue with authors and)]TJ
T*
0.012 Tc
0.363 Tw
[(stak)10(eholder)-1(s concerned about the issue under)]TJ
T*
0 Tc
0.155 Tw
[(study)65(. )18(Thus,)-405(our resear)-1(c)1(h pa)-1(per e)25(v)25(aluation rubric)]TJ
T*
0.004 Tc
0.371 Tw
[(dra)15(ws on the broad intellectual fr)-1(ame)25(w)10(or)-1(k of)]TJ
0 -1.17188 TD
0 Tc
0.017 Tw
[(eng)5(agement and sets the same goals for both tradi-)]TJ
0 -1.17187 TD
0.02 Tc
0.536 Tw
(tional and CCLCP students. )Tj
14.09901 0 TD
0 Tw
[(\322Eng)5(agement,)70]TJ
-14.09901 -1.17187 TD
0 Tc
(thr)Tj
1.1106 0 TD
0.097 Tw
(oughout the F)Tj
5.74862 0 TD
0 Tw
(ir)Tj
0.6106 0 TD
(st-Y)Tj
1.62158 0 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(ear)Tj
1.53728 0 TD
0 Tc
(Wr)Tj
1.27661 0 TD
0.097 Tw
[(iting Program,)-347(r)1(ef)-1(ers)]TJ
-11.90529 -1.17189 TD
0 Tw
(br)Tj
0.83276 0 TD
0.287 Tw
[(oadly to eng)5(agement with te)15(xtual v)19(oices that)]TJ
-0.83276 -1.17188 TD
-0.009 Tw
[(ha)20(v)15(e something to sa)-1(y about important ci)25(vic and/or)]TJ
0 -1.17187 TD
-0.022 Tw
(social issues. Instr)Tj
7.25962 0 TD
[(uction in CCLCP)111(,)-229(w)1(e c)-1(laim,)-228(with)]TJ
-7.25962 -1.17187 TD
0.074 Tw
[(its strong focus on reciprocal par)-1(tnership,)-324(adds an)]TJ
0 -1.17188 TD
0.1 Tw
[(e)15(xtra dimension and thereby of)25(fers a qualita)-1(ti)25(v)15(ely)]TJ
0 -1.17187 TD
0.025 Tw
[(dif)25(ferent e)14(xperience of eng)5(agement.)]TJ
23.4 33.9842 TD
-0.027 Tw
[(W)40(ith the introduction of these specif)20(ic e)24(v)25(aluation)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16174 TD
-0.022 Tw
[(criter)-1(ia,)-228(we can f)20(ine-tune our resear)-1(c)1(h question. )29(W)80(e)]TJ
0 -1.16173 TD
0.073 Tw
[(were able to ask to w)-1(hat de)15(gree,)-323(on a)20(v)15(er)-1(a)1(ge,)-323(each)]TJ
0 -1.16174 TD
0.105 Tw
[(set of papers adhered to each of the f)19(i)25(v)15(e research)]TJ
0 -1.16173 TD
-0.003 Tw
[(paper criter)-1(ia established by our First-Y)99(ear )30(Writing)]TJ
-0.0003 Tc
(P)'
0.55567 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0 Tw
(rogram.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 351.7563 622.9496 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Research Design)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 604.1322 Tm
0 g
0.241 Tw
[(W)80(e be)15(g)5(an by constructing a contr)-1(ol gr)1(oup of)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16174 TD
0.146 Tw
[(research papers to compare to CCLCP papers. )54(A)]TJ
T*
0.086 Tw
[(pool of 70 English 161 students w)10(as chosen fr)-1(om)]TJ
0 -1.16173 TD
-0.008 Tw
[(the uni)25(v)15(er)-1(se of 1,864 students enrolled in tradition-)]TJ
0 -1.16174 TD
0.317 Tw
(al English 161 classes during Spring Semester)Tj
0 -1.16173 TD
0.057 Tw
(2005. None of the 70 students had been in classes)Tj
T*
0.108 Tw
[(taught by an)15(y of the four reader)-1(s in)40(v)20(olv)15(ed in this)]TJ
0 -1.16174 TD
0.214 Tw
[(study)65(. )18(This pool w)10(as not constituted a)-1(t random:)]TJ
0 -1.16173 TD
0.105 Tw
(CCLCP students had been recruited and admitted)Tj
0 -1.16174 TD
0.007 Tw
[(to the program based on )55(A)40(CT English subscores of)]TJ
0 -1.16173 TD
0.29 Tw
(22 or mor)Tj
4.5227 0 TD
(e)Tj
0.44385 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.78967 0 TD
(so the tr)Tj
3.80053 0 TD
0 Tw
(aditional-cour)Tj
5.6084 0 TD
0.29 Tw
[(se pool w)10(as)]TJ
-15.16515 -1.16175 TD
0.079 Tw
[(matc)-1(hed to the CCLCP gr)1(oup on the basis of tha)-1(t)]TJ
0 -1.16174 TD
0 Tw
(scor)Tj
1.66553 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.7449 0 Td
0 Tc
0.051 Tw
(and also f)Tj
3.98936 0 TD
(or g)Tj
1.63383 0 TD
(ender and ethnicity)Tj
7.70052 0 TD
(.)Tj
0.53325 0 TD
(This strat-)Tj
-16.26739 -1.16175 TD
0.076 Tw
[(e)15(gy helped establish a viable control group,)-326(albeit)]TJ
0 -1.16174 TD
0.144 Tw
(not a perf)Tj
4.11949 0 TD
(ect one)Tj
3.00359 0 TD
(.)Tj
0.61444 0 TD
(W)Tj
0.86401 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.83799 0 Td
0 Tc
[(wer)-1(e unable to control for)]TJ
-9.43952 -1.16175 TD
0.045 Tw
[(v)25(aria)-1(bles such as pre)25(vious service-learning e)15(xperi-)]TJ
0 -1.16174 TD
0 Tw
(ence)Tj
1.83154 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.47841 0 TD
(inter)Tj
1.83228 0 TD
-0.022 Tw
(est in comm)Tj
4.84475 0 TD
[(unity issues or v)20(olunteerism,)]TJ
-8.98698 -1.16175 TD
0.317 Tw
(high sc)Tj
3.17782 0 TD
(hool pr)Tj
3.17782 0 TD
(e)Tj
0.44384 0 TD
[(paration,)-567(second-language inf)-1(lu-)]TJ
-6.79948 -1.16174 TD
0.034 Tw
[(ence,)-284(pr)-1(ior instruction and quality of instruction in)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(colle)Tj
1.92847 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
1.03498 0 Td
0 Tc
0.341 Tw
[(composition,)-591(socioeconomic status,)-592(and)]TJ
-3.46346 -1.16174 TD
0.029 Tw
[(year in colle)15(ge. )30(W)80(e also wer)-1(e unable to control for)]TJ
T*
-0.004 Tw
(the f)Tj
1.79109 0 TD
(act tha)Tj
2.63361 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(t)Tj
0.52428 0 Td
0 Tc
(CCLCP students had applied to partic-)Tj
-27.54898 -2.68709 TD
0.025 Tw
[(T)80(able 2)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 321.7972 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Evaluation Criter)-1(ia for English 161 Resear)37(c)15(h P)80(aper)9(s)]TJ
ET
0.5 w
0 G
61 316.635 m
491 316.635 l
S
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 305.7972 Tm
0 g
(Ev)Tj
1.08593 0 TD
(alua)Tj
1.66553 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(tion Cr)Tj
2.83042 0 TD
0 Tw
(iter)Tj
1.33228 0 TD
(ion)Tj
11.08583 0 TD
(Descr)Tj
2.3313 0 TD
(iption)Tj
ET
0.5 w
0 G
61 301.989 m
491 301.989 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 291.6972 Tm
(T)Tj
0.531 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(aking a position)Tj
17.469 0 TD
[(The writer articulates a position or thesis that contr)-1(ib)20(utes to a signif)20(icant)]TJ
0 -1.16668 TD
(pub)Tj
1.5 0 TD
[(lic con)40(v)15(er)-1(sation. )18(The position relates to k)9(e)15(y themes discussed in the)]TJ
-1.5 -1.16667 TD
[(class materials and w)9(ork. )18(The writer attends to the consequences of his or)]TJ
T*
[(her position,)-275(its personal rele)24(v)25(ance,)-275(and the potential or real public)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(impact. )Tj
ET
61 245.889 m
491 245.889 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 235.5973 Tm
(De)Tj
1.14087 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(eloping ar)18(guments in conte)15(xt)-4697(T)1(he wr)-1(iter understands that ar)18(guments emer)18(ge fr)-1(om important public and)]TJ
16.37402 -1.16668 TD
[(academic con)40(v)15(er)-1(sations in which participants r)-1(espond to each other as if)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
(in dialo)Tj
3.05234 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(gue)Tj
1.44384 0 TD
(.)Tj
0.50719 0.00001 TD
(T)Tj
0.61083 0.00001 TD
(he)Tj
0.92896 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
0.77487 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
(question c)Tj
4.10741 0.00001 TD
[(laims,)-275(ask questions about e)25(vidence)-1(,)-274(c)-1(o)1(nsider)]TJ
-11.42545 -1.16671 TD
(the a)Tj
1.94053 0 TD
0 Tw
(ppr)Tj
1.33275 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(opriateness of the e)24(vidence,)-275(qualify their assertions,)-275(and respond)]TJ
-3.27329 -1.16668 TD
(to counter claims.)Tj
ET
61 189.789 m
491 189.789 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 179.4972 Tm
(Using sour)Tj
4.38536 0.00001 TD
(ces ef)Tj
2.30332 0.00001 TD
[(fecti)25(v)15(el)-1(y)-7853(The writer identif)20(ies and re)25(vie)25(ws a)-1(ppropriate source mater)-1(ial rele)25(v)25(ant to)]TJ
11.31132 -1.16668 TD
[(his or her position,)-275(characteriz)-1(es the sources\325)-201(ar)17(guments,)-275(discusses )]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
[(disciplinary methods and approaches,)-276(pro)15(vides historical conte)15(xt,)]TJ
0.275 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(cr)Tj
0.77661 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(itiques the sources,)-275(and considers the sources\325)-202(perspecti)25(v)15(es.)]TJ
ET
61 144.189 m
491 144.189 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 133.8973 Tm
0 Tw
(Eng)Tj
1.60596 0 TD
(a)Tj
0.44384 0.00001 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(ing intellectual str)Tj
7.26973 0.00001 TD
[(ate)15(gies)-5420(The writer demonstrates the ability to eng)5(age in a dialogue of ideas with)]TJ
8.18047 -1.16669 TD
[(the sources used in the paper)55(. )17(T)1(he w)9(ork is enhanced by the ability to)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(summar)Tj
3.22119 0.00001 TD
(iz)Tj
0.72168 0.00001 TD
(e)Tj
0.44385 0.00001 TD
(,)Tj
0.525 0.00001 TD
(synthesiz)Tj
3.72119 0.00001 TD
(e)Tj
0.44384 0.00001 TD
(,)Tj
0.52501 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(and anal)Tj
3.38438 0.00001 TD
[(yze. In addition,)-275(writer)-1(s demonstrate ho)25(w)]TJ
-12.98615 -1.16672 TD
(a)Tj
0.44384 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ppr)Tj
1.33277 0.00001 TD
(opr)Tj
1.33277 0.00001 TD
(ia)Tj
0.72168 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(te paraphrasing and quoting contrib)19(ute to this dialogue of ideas. )]TJ
ET
61 98.589 m
491 98.589 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 88.2972 Tm
[(Using language appropria)-1(tely)-6121(The writer mak)9(es grammar and stylistic choices appropriate to the )]TJ
18 -1.16667 TD
(audience and pur)Tj
6.87983 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(pose)Tj
1.83277 0.00001 TD
(.)Tj
0.50718 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(The writer also cites sources appropria)-1(tely)65(,)]TJ
-9.21978 -1.16669 TD
[(inte)15(grating the cited material into the writer\325)54(s w)10(ork. )]TJ
ET
214.8039 302.173 m
214.8039 60 l
S
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 22)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
23 0 obj
<<
/Length 14686
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(23)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 268.6251 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Impact of P)80(artner)9(ship-Center)37(ed,)-275(Community-Based Learning)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
0.148 Tw
(ipate in the program and that the CCLCP cohort)Tj
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.009 Tw
[(had \322bonded\323)-241(by studying writing together the pre-)]TJ
T*
0.034 Tw
[(vious semester)55(. F)15(or the resear)-1(c)1(h stud)-1(y)65(,)-284(we decided)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.009 Tw
[(that roughly 50 percent of the pa)-1(pers from CCLCP)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.194 Tw
[(cohort of 33 students w)10(ould be r)-1(e)26(vie)24(wed,)-443(so 16)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.018 Tw
[(CCLCP papers wer)-1(e randomly selected for re)25(vie)24(w)66(.)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.105 Tw
[(Sixteen control group papers wer)-1(e then randomly)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.032 Tw
[(selected from the pool of 70 dra)15(wn from tradition)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.105 Tw
[(al English 161 classes. )18(T)80(o prepare f)-1(or the re)25(vie)25(w)65(,)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.178 Tw
[(all identifying marks wer)-1(e remo)15(v)15(ed from all the)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.02 Tc
0.58 Tw
[(papers. F)15(our English 161 instructor)-1(s were)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0 Tc
-0.032 Tw
[(emplo)10(yed to re)25(vie)24(w the papers; three wer)-1(e gr)1(adua)-1(te)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.304 Tw
(teaching assistants and one a teaching adjunct.)Tj
0 -1.1579 TD
0.019 Tw
[(Before teac)-1(hing writing at UIC,)-269(the teaching assis-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.203 Tw
[(tants completed a semester)20(-long graduate course)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.016 Tw
[(on f)20(ir)-1(st-year writing pedagogy about the conceptu-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.026 Tw
[(al frame)24(w)10(ork that dri)25(v)15(es writing instruction a)-1(t UIC,)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.07 Tw
[(designed syllabi for the courses the)14(y w)10(ould teach,)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.217 Tw
(and practiced grading research papers using our)Tj
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.02 Tw
[(program-wide e)25(v)25(alua)-1(tion criteria \(see )18(T)80(able 2\). )18(The)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.082 Tw
[(fourth reader)40(,)-333(a full-time lecturer)40(,)-333(had pre)1(par)-1(ed to)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.028 Tw
[(teach writing at UIC by a)-1(ttending intensi)25(v)15(e training)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.084 Tw
(sessions and de)Tj
6.30749 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0 TD
(eloping detailed sylla)Tj
8.72033 0 TD
[(bi that wer)-1(e)]TJ
-15.51293 -1.15791 TD
(r)Tj
0.33276 0 TD
(e)Tj
0.41895 0 TD
0 Tw
(vie)Tj
1.19678 0 TD
(w)Tj
0.72192 0 TD
0.14 Tw
[(ed and appro)15(v)15(ed by the F)-1(irst-Y)100(ear )29(Writing)]TJ
-2.67041 -1.1579 TD
0 Tw
(Pr)Tj
0.88867 0 TD
(o)Tj
0.5 0 TD
0.015 Tw
[(gram administration staf)25(f. )30(While the instructors)]TJ
-1.38867 -1.15791 TD
(c)Tj
0.44385 0 TD
0.06 Tw
(hosen to r)Tj
4.06258 0 TD
(e)Tj
0.41895 0 TD
[(vie)25(w paper)-1(s for this study had signif)20(i-)]TJ
-4.92538 -1.1579 TD
0.014 Tw
[(cant and rele)25(v)24(ant training and e)15(xperience,)-265(the)15(y had)]TJ
T*
-0.03 Tw
[(no connection to courses comprised by the CCLCP)111(. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15789 TD
0.111 Tw
[(The readers met o)15(v)15(er thr)-1(ee consecuti)25(v)15(e days in)]TJ
-0.9 -1.1579 TD
0.148 Tw
[(mid-August 2005. )55(A portion of the f)19(irst day w)10(as)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.016 Tw
[(spent preparing to score the paper)-1(s. First,)-267(the read-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.012 Tw
[(ers discussed each e)24(v)25(aluation criterion to come to a)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.046 Tw
[(shared def)20(inition. Ne)14(xt,)-295(the)14(y participated in a cali-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.348 Tw
[(bration e)15(x)15(er)-1(cise,)-598(indi)25(vidually reading a sample)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(pa)Tj
0.94385 0 TD
-0.021 Tw
(per and r)Tj
3.51204 0 TD
(a)Tj
0.44385 0 TD
(ting it on a scale of one thr)Tj
10.54655 0 TD
(ough f)Tj
2.5424 0 TD
(i)Tj
0.25293 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.67331 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(on)Tj
-19.40005 -1.15792 TD
0.064 Tw
[(each of the f)19(i)26(v)14(e criteria. )18(The group then discussed)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.014 Tw
(the scor)Tj
3.12272 -0.00001 TD
[(es. )18(This e)15(x)15(er)-1(cise w)10(as intended to help read-)]TJ
-3.12272 -1.15789 TD
0.206 Tw
[(ers de)24(v)15(elop a common understanding of ho)25(w to)]TJ
T*
0.119 Tw
[(apply the standards ag)5(ainst which pa)-1(pers were to)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.01 Tc
0.365 Tw
[(be scored. )55(After this calibr)-1(a)1(tion e)15(x)15(e)1(rcise and)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
0.244 Tw
[(throughout the ne)15(xt tw)9(o days,)-494(each r)-1(eader read)]TJ
T*
0.064 Tw
[(each of the 32 paper)-1(s,)-314(scoring each paper on each)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.014 Tw
[(of the f)20(i)25(v)15(e cr)-1(iteria in the e)25(v)25(aluation rubric)-1(. )18(This cri-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(ter)Tj
1.05444 0.00001 TD
0.178 Tw
(ion-based scor)Tj
5.98049 0 TD
(ing method w)Tj
5.84501 0 TD
(as introduced into)Tj
-12.87994 -1.15792 TD
0.254 Tw
[(writing assessment by Llo)9(yd-Jones in his essay)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(\322Pr)Tj
1.33252 0.00001 TD
(imar)Tj
1.83227 0.00001 TD
(y)Tj
0.88776 0.00001 TD
0.156 Tw
[(T)35(rait Scoring\323)-406((1977),)-405(and is described)]TJ
-4.05255 -1.15792 TD
-0.025 Tw
[(by Bizzell (1987) in her discussion of later w)9(ork by)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.02 Tc
0.501 Tw
(noted composition sc)Tj
9.89961 0 TD
0 Tw
(holar)Tj
2.15442 0.00001 TD
0.0199 Tc
(s)Tj
1.17939 0 Td
0.02 Tc
[(F)15(aigle)15(y)64(,)-770(Cherry)65(,)]TJ
-13.23342 -1.15791 TD
0 Tc
0.153 Tw
[(Jollif)25(fe,)-403(and Skinner (1985). )55(As Bizzell e)15(xplains,)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.83276 0 TD
0.128 Tw
[(imary trait scor)-1(ing \322focuses on a set of criteria)]TJ
-0.83276 -1.15791 TD
0.153 Tw
[(deri)25(v)15(ed from the kind of task posed\323)-403(to students)]TJ
T*
0.24 Tw
[((p. 580). )18(This approach,)-490(Bizz)-1(ell notes,)-489(pr)-1(o)15(vides)]TJ
T*
0.045 Tw
[(much more informa)-1(tion than other methods,)-295(b)20(ut is)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(e)15(xtremely labor)19(-intensi)25(v)15(e. )]TJ
0.9 -1.1579 TD
0 Tw
(Dur)Tj
1.5547 0 TD
0.049 Tw
(ing the thr)Tj
4.20874 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ee-da)Tj
2.1643 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
0.79908 0 Td
(r)Tj
0.333 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.049 Tw
(eading pr)Tj
3.79761 0.00001 TD
(ocess tw)Tj
3.45484 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(o)Tj
0.79916 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(issues)Tj
-18.0114 -1.1579 TD
0.183 Tw
[(emer)18(ged)-1(. First,)-433(e)25(v)15(en though the 32 papers to be)]TJ
22.5 63.68422 TD
0.239 Tw
[(read were presented as a single,)-490(mix)15(ed sample,)]TJ
0 -1.15138 TD
0.042 Tw
[(meaning the)15(y wer)-1(e not gr)1(ouped by or)-1(igin,)-292(early in)]TJ
0 -1.15137 TD
0.065 Tw
[(the reading process reader)-1(s noticed that the)15(y were)]TJ
T*
0.02 Tc
0.626 Tw
[(dealing with tw)10(o distinct sets of papers.)]TJ
0 -1.15138 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(S)Tj
0.55584 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
-0.014 Tw
[(pecif)20(icall)-1(y)65(,)-235(the)15(y obser)-1(v)15(ed that in one set of papers)]TJ
-0.55584 -1.15137 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(t)Tj
0.27786 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
-0.03 Tw
[(he research topics wer)-1(e much more clearly def)19(ined)]TJ
-0.27786 -1.15138 TD
0.063 Tw
[(than in the other)55(. \(The clear)-1(l)1(y def)19(ined topics,)-313(as it)]TJ
T*
0.311 Tw
[(turned out,)-562(emer)18(ged from the CCLCP papers.\))]TJ
0 -1.15137 TD
0.068 Tw
[(Despite this observ)25(ation,)-318(the readers wer)-1(e encour-)]TJ
T*
0.014 Tw
[(aged to continue applying the e)25(v)25(alua)-1(tion criteria to)]TJ
0 -1.15138 TD
0.034 Tw
[(e)25(v)15(ery paper)39(,)-284(as the)15(y had been trained to do. )55(A sec-)]TJ
T*
0.148 Tw
[(ond,)-398(unanticipated,)-398(question arose about grading.)]TJ
0 -1.15137 TD
0.214 Tw
[(Ev)15(en through the e)24(v)25(aluation criteria are used in)]TJ
0 -1.15138 TD
0.051 Tw
[(e)25(v)15(ery English 161 class,)-302(instructors frequentl)-1(y use)]TJ
0 -1.15137 TD
0.111 Tw
[(them holistically)65(,)-361(as a guide to assigning a single)]TJ
T*
0.073 Tw
[(composite grade to each paper)55(. Further discussion)]TJ
0 -1.15138 TD
0.086 Tw
[(helped clarify tha)-1(t the readers should not imagine)]TJ
0 -1.15137 TD
0.189 Tw
[(that the)15(y wer)-1(e scoring papers holistically)65(,)-439(in the)]TJ
T*
0.18 Tw
[(interest of arri)25(ving at a grade. )55(Accordingly)65(,)-431(the)15(y)]TJ
0 -1.15139 TD
0.033 Tw
[(were instructed to use the full r)-1(ange of scores,)-283(one)]TJ
0 -1.15137 TD
0.01 Tw
[(through f)20(i)25(v)14(e)1(,)-261(to denote the de)15(gree to which a paper)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(fulf)20(illed eac)-1(h separate criterion.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 372.8061 439.3514 Tm
0 g
(Results)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 420.6377 Tm
0 g
0.082 Tw
[(In this study we ask)10(ed to w)-1(hat de)15(gree,)-332(on a)20(v)15(er-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15137 TD
0.021 Tw
[(age,)-271(each of the tw)9(o sets of research papers\321from)]TJ
0 -1.15138 TD
0.133 Tw
(the CCLCP class and from the traditional group-)Tj
0 -1.15137 TD
0 Tw
(adher)Tj
2.22046 0 TD
0.121 Tw
[(ed to each of the f)20(i)25(v)15(e e)24(v)25(aluation criteria f)-1(or)]TJ
-2.22046 -1.15137 TD
0.214 Tw
(English 161. )Tj
5.70389 0 TD
(W)Tj
0.86401 0 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(e)Tj
0.90774 0 Td
0 Tc
[(found a statistically signif)19(icant)]TJ
-7.47564 -1.15138 TD
0.001 Tc
0 Tw
(dif)Tj
1.09 0 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.33419 0 TD
0.001 Tc
(er)Tj
0.77948 0 TD
0.374 Tw
[(ence in each a)20(v)14(era)-1(ge primar)-1(y trait score)]TJ
-2.20367 -1.15139 TD
0 Tc
0 Tw
(betw)Tj
1.9436 0 TD
0.095 Tw
(een the pa)Tj
4.24393 0 TD
0 Tw
(per)Tj
1.27661 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(s)Tj
0.73413 0 Td
0 Tc
(pr)Tj
0.8329 0 TD
0.095 Tw
(oduced b)Tj
3.73305 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
0.84522 0 Td
0 Tc
(CCLCP students)Tj
-13.60945 -1.15138 TD
0.046 Tw
(and those wr)Tj
5.2013 0 TD
(itten b)Tj
2.57343 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
0.79593 0 Td
0 Tc
(students in tr)Tj
5.2581 0 TD
(aditional c)Tj
4.23896 0 TD
0 Tw
(lasses)Tj
-18.06772 -1.15138 TD
(\(see )Tj
1.99799 0 TD
(T)Tj
0.53101 0 TD
(a)Tj
0.44384 0 TD
(b)Tj
0.5 0 TD
0.156 Tw
(le 3\). )Tj
2.5995 0 TD
(T)Tj
0.61084 0 TD
(his f)Tj
1.88617 0 TD
(inding sug)Tj
4.35102 0 TD
(gests that CCLCP)Tj
-12.92037 -1.1514 TD
0 Tw
[(students\325)-543(partnership-centered,)-617(community-based)]TJ
0 -1.15138 TD
0.003 Tc
0.372 Tw
[(learning acti)25(vities contr)-1(ib)20(uted to the relati)24(v)15(el)-1(y)]TJ
0 -1.15137 TD
0 Tc
0.257 Tw
[(greater academic success of their f)20(inal r)-1(esearch)]TJ
0 -1.15138 TD
0.004 Tc
0 Tw
(pa)Tj
0.95221 0 TD
0.371 Tw
[(pers. Inter)19(-rater reliability)64(,)-625(ho)25(we)25(v)15(er)39(,)-625(remains)]TJ
-0.95221 -1.15137 TD
0 Tc
0.199 Tw
[(problematic in wr)-1(iting-related research on learn-)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(ing)Tj
1.27783 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.49489 0.00001 TD
-0.005 Tw
(and w)Tj
2.41066 0.00001 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(e)Tj
0.68853 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.77682 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.68868 0 Td
0 Tc
-0.005 Tw
(considering measures to strengthen)Tj
-6.33741 -1.1514 TD
0.025 Tw
[(this featur)-1(e of future studies.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 287 231.5603 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Resear)37(c)15(h P)80(aper Re)14(vie)15(w)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 299.7912 212.8466 Tm
0 g
0.129 Tw
(On eac)Tj
2.9326 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(h)Tj
0.87894 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.21186 0 Td
0 Tc
(the f)Tj
1.914 0.00001 TD
(i)Tj
0.25293 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0.00001 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(e)Tj
0.82277 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(cr)Tj
0.77682 0.00001 TD
(iter)Tj
1.33228 0.00001 TD
(ia,)Tj
1.3508 0.00001 TD
0.129 Tw
(the a)Tj
2.02488 0.00001 TD
[(v)15(erage score)]TJ
-15.2621 -1.15141 TD
-0.001 Tw
(assigned to r)Tj
5.05119 0 TD
0 Tw
(esear)Tj
2.05323 0.00001 TD
-0.001 Tw
(ch papers written by CCLCP stu-)Tj
-7.10442 -1.15138 TD
0.157 Tw
(dents in English 161 e)Tj
9.49982 0 TD
(xceeded the a)Tj
5.73465 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.4851 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.77661 0.00001 TD
(a)Tj
0.44385 0.00001 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.8505 0 Td
0 Tc
(scor)Tj
1.66563 0.00001 TD
(e)Tj
-19.95616 -1.15143 TD
0.054 Tw
[(earned by paper)-1(s written by students in traditional)]TJ
0 -1.15137 TD
-0.001 Tw
(English 161 c)Tj
5.49715 -0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(lasses. )Tj
2.8134 -0.00001 TD
-0.001 Tw
[(T)80(able 1 displays the mean ra)15(w)]TJ
-8.31055 -1.15136 TD
0.295 Tw
[(score and le)25(v)15(el of signif)19(icance for each set of)]TJ
0 -1.15138 TD
0.005 Tw
[(papers on each of the f)19(i)25(v)15(e criteria,)-256(along with the F)]TJ
0 -1.15137 TD
0.065 Tw
[(score \(analysis of v)25(ar)-1(iance\) on each criterion. )17(T)1(he)]TJ
T*
-0.034 Tw
[(dif)25(ferences ar)-1(e not slight,)-215(yielding F-scor)-1(es ranging)]TJ
T*
0.207 Tw
[(from 20.70 to 35.88. Despite the dif)24(f)20(iculty with)]TJ
0 -1.15138 TD
0.193 Tw
[(inter)20(-r)-1(ater reliability)65(,)-443(discussed belo)25(w)65(,)-443(the rob)20(ust)]TJ
0 -1.15137 TD
0.134 Tw
[(le)25(v)14(el of dif)25(ference between the CCLCP students\325)]TJ
T*
0.17 Tw
[(papers and the traditional student pa)-1(pers suggest)]TJ
0 -1.15138 TD
0.046 Tw
[(that the CCLCP students\325)-222(community-based learn-)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 23)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
24 0 obj
<<
/Length 12919
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(24)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(F)75(eldman et al.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 416.5103 Tm
0 g
0.011 Tc
0.364 Tw
[(ing e)15(xperience contrib)19(uted to their successful)]TJ
0 -1.17781 TD
0 Tc
-0.035 Tw
[(acquisition of an academic skill that will ha)20(v)14(e long-)]TJ
0 -1.1778 TD
0.126 Tw
[(lasting impact on their w)10(or)-1(k in a wide v)25(ariety of)]TJ
0 -1.17781 TD
0.025 Tw
[(academic and professional conte)14(xts. )]TJ
0.9 -1.17781 TD
0.031 Tw
[(The contrast between the tw)10(o sets of paper)-1(s w)10(as)]TJ
-0.9 -1.17781 TD
0.016 Tw
(so str)Tj
2.1542 0 TD
[(iking that we may assert tha)-1(t the decisi)25(v)15(e dif-)]TJ
-2.1542 -1.17781 TD
(f)Tj
0.33276 0 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.77661 0 TD
0.046 Tw
(ence w)Tj
2.83958 0 TD
[(as CCLCP students\325)-222(eng)5(agement in reci-)]TJ
-3.94895 -1.17781 TD
-0.016 Tw
[(procal partner)-1(ships de)25(v)15(eloped with CCLCP partner)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.81494 0 TD
0.071 Tw
[(g)5(anizations. )55(As w)-1(e ar)18(gue abo)15(v)15(e,)-321(reciprocal rela-)]TJ
-0.81494 -1.17781 TD
0.107 Tw
(tionships r)Tj
4.30066 0 TD
(esult fr)Tj
2.91052 0 TD
[(om comple)15(x,)-357(long-term associa-)]TJ
-7.21118 -1.17782 TD
-0.025 Tw
(tions tha)Tj
3.39149 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(t)Tj
0.50297 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.83287 0 TD
-0.025 Tw
(oduce social ca)Tj
6.05813 0 TD
(pital thr)Tj
3.11318 0 TD
(ough purposeful)Tj
-13.89864 -1.17781 TD
0.016 Tw
[(collaboration. )18(The CCLCP e)15(xper)-1(ience dif)25(fers from)]TJ
T*
0.103 Tw
(those ser)Tj
3.62932 0.00001 TD
[(vice-learning acti)25(vities in whic)-1(h students)]TJ
-3.62932 -1.17782 TD
0.196 Tw
[(assist a partner or)18(g)4(anizations\325)-372(service consumers)]TJ
0 -1.17781 TD
0.085 Tw
[(and then return to the classr)-1(oom to use writing to)]TJ
0 -1.1778 TD
0.001 Tw
[(reflect on the e)15(xper)-1(ience. Much of the CCLCP stu-)]TJ
0 -1.17781 TD
0.067 Tw
[(dents\325)-243(wr)-1(iting occurred in the \322conte)15(xt of applica-)]TJ
T*
0.013 Tw
[(tion\323)-263(\(Gibbons,)-264(et al. 1994,)-263(p. 3\) and thus emer)18(ged)]TJ
0 -1.17782 TD
-0.025 Tw
[(from the e)14(xigenc)15(y of a particular situation. Situated)]TJ
0 -1.17779 TD
0.026 Tw
[(learning acti)25(vities based on the r)-1(eciprocal relation-)]TJ
0 -1.17782 TD
0.165 Tw
(ships enabled by CCLCP added another layer to)Tj
0 -1.17781 TD
0.236 Tw
[(the typical English 161 e)15(xperience. Pr)-1(esumably)65(,)]TJ
0 -1.17782 TD
0.141 Tw
(students in all sections of English 161 study and)Tj
0 -1.17779 TD
0.018 Tc
0.357 Tw
[(write about consequential ci)24(vic and/or social)]TJ
0 -1.17782 TD
0 Tc
0.264 Tw
[(issues. Students in traditional classes e)25(v)14(en may)]TJ
0 -1.17781 TD
-0.037 Tw
[(v)15(enture into communities to g)4(a)1(ther f)19(irst-hand infor)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.011 Tc
0 Tw
(ma)Tj
1.2436 0 TD
0.364 Tw
[(tion through intervie)25(ws or obtain primar)-1(y-)]TJ
-1.2436 -1.1778 TD
0 Tc
0 Tw
(sour)Tj
1.7217 0 TD
0.046 Tw
[(ce documents. Ho)25(we)25(v)15(er)39(,)-295(as noted by the read)-1(-)]TJ
-1.7217 -1.1778 TD
0.059 Tw
[(ers who par)-1(ticipated in this study)65(,)-309(CCLCP student)]TJ
T*
-0.028 Tw
[(writer)-1<73D5>-148(strong sense of in)39(v)20(olv)15(ement with the issues)]TJ
T*
0.191 Tw
[(the)15(y in)39(v)15(estig)5(ated helped those students construct)]TJ
22.5 35.33423 TD
0.019 Tw
[(cogent,)-269(well-supported ar)17(guments for clearly artic-)]TJ
0 -1.17684 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ulated positions on \322their\323)-275(issues. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 287 388.1157 Tm
0 g
(Inter)Tj
1.92358 0 TD
(-r)Tj
0.70679 0 TD
(a)Tj
0.5 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(ter Relia)Tj
3.49595 0 TD
0 Tw
(bility)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 369.1473 Tm
0 g
0.134 Tw
[(W)80(e e)15(xpected the calibration e)15(x)14(ercise used with)]TJ
-0.9 -1.17684 TD
0.114 Tw
[(the raters to produce an accepta)-1(ble le)25(v)15(el of inter)20(-)]TJ
0 -1.17685 TD
(r)Tj
0.33276 0 TD
(a)Tj
0.44385 0 TD
0.269 Tw
(ter r)Tj
1.90651 0 TD
[(eliability \(Shohamy)65(,)-520(Gordon,)-519(& Kraemer)39(,)]TJ
-2.68312 -1.17685 TD
0.164 Tw
[(1992,)-414(p. 31\),)-414(b)19(ut inter)20(-rater relia)-1(bility w)10(as lo)25(wer)]TJ
0 -1.17684 TD
0.109 Tw
[(than we\325)49(d hoped,)-358(and inconsistent across prima)-1(ry)]TJ
0 -1.17685 TD
0 Tw
(tr)Tj
0.6106 0 TD
0.111 Tw
(ait ca)Tj
2.24778 0 TD
0 Tw
(te)Tj
0.70679 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0 TD
(or)Tj
0.83276 0 TD
0.111 Tw
(ies \(r)Tj
2.1367 0 TD
0 Tw
(ang)Tj
1.44385 0 TD
0.111 Tw
(ing fr)Tj
2.30394 0 TD
[(om .050 to .4159\). )18(The)]TJ
-10.78242 -1.17686 TD
0.071 Tw
(alphas w)Tj
3.59729 0 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.77661 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.76465 0 Td
0 Tc
(calcula)Tj
2.83117 0 TD
0.071 Tw
(ted using Kr)Tj
5.08495 0 TD
0 Tw
(ippendorf)Tj
3.94214 0 TD
Tj
0.27784 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(s)Tj
0.70976 0 Td
0 Tc
(alpha,)Tj
-17.98441 -1.17686 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(a)Tj
0.94155 0 Td
0 Tc
0.248 Tw
(test tha)Tj
3.10796 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(t)Tj
0.77551 0 Td
0 Tc
[(measures inter)19(-rater agreement while)]TJ
-4.82502 -1.17686 TD
-0.03 Tw
[(accounting for error related to c)-1(hance \(see )18(T)80(able 4\).)]TJ
0.9 -1.17684 TD
(W)Tj
0.86401 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.72551 0 Td
0 Tc
0.032 Tw
[(compensated for lo)25(w inter)19(-rater relia)-1(bility to)]TJ
-2.48952 -1.17684 TD
0.066 Tw
[(some e)15(xtent by a)19(v)15(eraging raters\325)-242(scor)-1(es \(Hartman,)]TJ
0 -1.17685 TD
0.265 Tw
[(1982\). )18(There are other str)-1(a)1(te)14(gies as well:)-486(W)50(urr)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
((2002),)Tj
3.17149 0 TD
0.006 Tw
(in a study of the impact of service-learning)Tj
-3.17149 -1.17685 TD
-0.011 Tw
[(on writing skill,)-240(used fe)25(wer raters and emplo)10(yed an)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(adjacenc)Tj
3.48218 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
0.85916 0 Td
0 Tc
0.109 Tw
(adjustment to ac)Tj
6.77234 0.00001 TD
[(hie)25(v)15(e higher relia)-1(bility)]TJ
-11.11368 -1.17686 TD
0.035 Tw
(by considering adjacent scores to be in agreement.)Tj
0 -1.17684 TD
0.189 Tw
[(In addition,)-439(in )30(W)50(urr\325)54(s study)65(,)-439(when raters\325)-365(scores)]TJ
0 -1.17685 TD
0.048 Tw
[(were tw)9(o or more points apart,)-298(the paper w)10(as sub-)]TJ
0 -1.17684 TD
0.068 Tw
[(mitted to a third reader\325)54(s e)25(v)25(aluation,)-318(and the three)]TJ
0 -1.17683 TD
-0.025 Tw
[(ratings were then a)20(v)14(eraged (p. 53). )18(The lo)25(w le)25(v)15(el of)]TJ
0 -1.17685 TD
0 Tw
(inter)Tj
1.8125 0 TD
(-r)Tj
0.66553 0 TD
(a)Tj
0.44384 0.00001 TD
0.106 Tw
(ter r)Tj
1.74323 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(elia)Tj
1.44336 0.00001 TD
0.106 Tw
(bility ac)Tj
3.35503 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(hie)Tj
1.19678 0 TD
0.106 Tw
[(v)15(ed in our study under-)]TJ
-10.66027 -1.17689 TD
0.002 Tw
(lines the axiom tha)Tj
7.58848 0.00001 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(t)Tj
0.52999 0 Td
(r)Tj
0.33299 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
[(eader interpreta)-1(tion is both an)]TJ
-8.45146 -1.17685 TD
0.162 Tw
[(important and hard-to-control v)24(ariable)-1(,)-412(contrib)20(ut-)]TJ
T*
-0.006 Tw
(ing to the g)Tj
4.50925 0.00001 TD
(r)Tj
0.33276 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ea)Tj
0.8877 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(t)Tj
0.52168 0 Td
0 Tc
(dif)Tj
1.08581 0.00001 TD
-0.006 Tw
[(f)20(iculty of assessing writing qual-)]TJ
-7.3372 -1.17687 TD
0.001 Tw
[(ity in an)15(y conte)15(xt. Some resear)-1(chers ar)18(gue that it is)]TJ
0 -1.17684 TD
0.023 Tw
[(not only problematic)-1(,)-273(b)20(ut also unrealistic to e)15(xpect)]TJ
0 -1.17685 TD
0.142 Tw
[(qualitati)24(v)15(e studies to meet the standards of inter)20(-)]TJ
-22.6 63.68423 TD
0.025 Tw
[(T)80(able 3)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 688.5103 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Dif)18(fer)36(ences between Community-based and )18(T)55(r)15(aditional )40(Wr)-1(iting Cour)10(ses on )]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
[(F)45(ive Primary Evaluation Criteria)]TJ
ET
0.5 w
0 G
61 671.848 m
491 671.848 l
S
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 661.0103 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Criterion)-22141(n)-4611(Mean)-3392(F score)-2111(Sig. \()]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 454.9514 661.0103 Tm
0 g
(p)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 459.4514 661.0103 Tm
0 g
(<.05\))Tj
ET
0.5 w
0 G
61 657.2021 m
491 657.2021 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 646.9103 Tm
0.025 Tw
[(De)25(v)15(eloping )54(Ar)18(guments in Conte)15(xt)]TJ
ET
61 643.1021 m
491 643.1021 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 65.95 632.8102 Tm
0 Tw
[(CCLCP)-21782(16)-4625(3.73)-4000(35.88)-4000(.000)]TJ
ET
61 629.0021 m
491 629.0021 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 65.7896 618.7103 Tm
[(T)35(raditional)-20560(16)-4625(2.42)-10250(.000)]TJ
ET
61 614.902 m
491 614.902 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 604.6102 Tm
-0.0001 Tc
(E)Tj
0.61092 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(ng)5(aging Intellectual Strate)15(gies)]TJ
ET
61 600.8021 m
491 600.8021 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 65.95 590.5103 Tm
-0.0001 Tc
(C)Tj
0.66693 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0 Tw
[(CLCP)-21782(16)-4625(3.72)-4000(34.61)-4000(.000)]TJ
ET
61 586.702 m
491 586.702 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 65.7896 576.4102 Tm
[(T)35(raditional)-20560(16)-4625(2.39)-10250(.000)]TJ
ET
61 572.6021 m
491 572.6021 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 562.3102 Tm
0.025 Tw
[(Using Sources Ef)25(fecti)25(v)14(ely)]TJ
ET
61 558.5021 m
491 558.5021 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 65.95 548.2103 Tm
0 Tw
[(CCLCP)-21782(16)-4625(3.67)-4000(28.78)-4000(.000)]TJ
ET
61 544.402 m
491 544.402 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 65.7896 534.1102 Tm
[(T)35(raditional)-20560(16)-4625(2.52)-10250(.000)]TJ
ET
61 530.3021 m
491 530.3021 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 520.0103 Tm
(T)Tj
0.531 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(aking a Position)Tj
ET
61 516.202 m
491 516.202 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 505.9102 Tm
0 Tw
[(CCLCP)-22332(16)-4625(3.81)-4000(22.39)-4000(.000)]TJ
ET
61 502.1021 m
491 502.1021 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 65.7896 491.8102 Tm
[(T)35(raditional)-20560(16)-4625(2.56)-10250(.000)]TJ
ET
61 488.002 m
491 488.002 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 477.7102 Tm
0.025 Tw
[(Using Language )55(Appropria)-1(tely)]TJ
ET
61 473.902 m
491 473.902 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 65.95 463.6102 Tm
0 Tw
[(CCLCP)-21782(16)-4625(3.92)-4000(20.70)-4000(.000)]TJ
ET
61 459.802 m
491 459.802 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 65.7896 449.5102 Tm
[(T)35(raditional)-20560(16)-4625(3.09)-10250(.000)]TJ
ET
61 445.702 m
491 445.702 l
S
276.0005 671.9645 m
276.0005 656.9045 l
S
276 643.1589 m
276 614.577 l
S
276.0004 600.7656 m
276.0004 572.3876 l
S
276.0005 558.6415 m
276.0005 530.0594 l
S
276.0004 516.4846 m
276.0004 487.9026 l
S
276.0003 473.9997 m
276.0003 445.6217 l
S
321.0005 671.9645 m
321.0005 656.9045 l
S
321 643.159 m
321 614.577 l
S
321.0005 600.7656 m
321.0005 572.3876 l
S
321.0005 558.6415 m
321.0005 530.0594 l
S
321.0004 516.4846 m
321.0004 487.9026 l
S
321.0003 473.9998 m
321.0003 445.6219 l
S
374.9643 671.9644 m
374.9643 656.9044 l
S
374.9638 643.1586 m
374.9638 614.5767 l
S
374.9642 600.7664 m
374.9642 572.3874 l
S
374.9643 558.6414 m
374.9643 530.0594 l
S
374.9642 516.4845 m
374.9642 487.9024 l
S
374.964 474.0005 m
374.964 445.6215 l
S
428.0953 671.9643 m
428.0953 656.9043 l
S
428.0948 643.1588 m
428.0948 614.5767 l
S
428.0952 600.7663 m
428.0952 572.3873 l
S
428.0953 558.6414 m
428.0953 530.0594 l
S
428.0952 516.4845 m
428.0952 487.9024 l
S
428.095 474.0005 m
428.095 445.6215 l
S
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 24)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
25 0 obj
<<
/Length 13624
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(25)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 268.6251 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Impact of P)80(artner)9(ship-Center)37(ed,)-275(Community-Based Learning)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 565.0103 Tm
0 g
0.005 Tw
[(rater reliability used in quantitati)24(v)15(e studies \(Harris,)]TJ
0 -1.1602 TD
0.019 Tw
[(Pryor)39(,)-269(& )55(Adams,)-269(1997\). In \322Can )18(There Be )49(V)111(alidity)]TJ
0 -1.16021 TD
0.106 Tw
[(W)40(ithout Reliability?\323)-356(Moss (1994) challenges the)]TJ
0 -1.1602 TD
0.331 Tw
[(assumption that a rigid notion of relia)-1(bility is)]TJ
0 -1.16021 TD
0.367 Tw
[(essential to assessment by adv)20(oca)-1(ting that we)]TJ
0 -1.1602 TD
0.192 Tw
[(broaden our sometimes too-narro)25(w psychometric)]TJ
T*
0.176 Tw
[(understanding of reliability to include consider)-1(a)1(-)]TJ
0 -1.16021 TD
0.07 Tw
[(tion of the broader conte)15(xt in whic)-1(h kno)25(wledge is)]TJ
0 -1.1602 TD
0.029 Tw
(being cr)Tj
3.2774 0 TD
0 Tw
(ea)Tj
0.8877 0 TD
(ted)Tj
1.22168 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(.)Tj
0.52896 0 Td
0 Tc
(Ne)Tj
1.14102 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.4851 0 TD
(er)Tj
0.77661 0 TD
(theless,)Tj
3.25031 0 TD
(w)Tj
0.72192 0 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(e)Tj
0.72275 0 Td
0 Tc
0.029 Tw
(are seeking defen-)Tj
-13.01345 -1.16022 TD
0.107 Tw
[(sible methodological modif)19(ications,)-357(such as those)]TJ
0 -1.16021 TD
0.044 Tw
[(used by )30(W)50(ur)-1(r)40(,)-294(that might boost the inter)20(-r)-1(a)1(te r)-1(elia-)]TJ
0 -1.1602 TD
0.268 Tw
(bility of our ne)Tj
6.76016 0 TD
(xt compar)Tj
4.29424 0 TD
(a)Tj
0.44385 0 TD
0 Tw
(ti)Tj
0.53076 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.96196 0 Td
0 Tc
(stud)Tj
1.66675 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
1.01794 0 Td
0 Tc
0.268 Tw
(of writing)Tj
-16.16077 -1.16022 TD
0 Tw
[(quality)65(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 139.865 406.8271 Tm
0 g
(Discussion)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 388.0251 Tm
0 g
-0.007 Tw
[(This study e)15(xamines an elemental artif)9(act of uni-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.1602 TD
(v)Tj
0.4905 0 TD
0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.7874 0 TD
0.37 Tw
(sity student wr)Tj
6.70782 0 TD
[(iting,)-626(the academic research)]TJ
-7.98572 -1.16022 TD
0 Tc
0.131 Tw
[(paper)39(,)-380(to dra)15(w conclusions about the impact of a)]TJ
0 -1.1602 TD
0.006 Tc
0.369 Tw
[(p)1(a)1(r)1(t)1(n)1(e)1(r)1(ship-centere)1(d,)-624(c)1(o)1(m)1(m)1(unity-based learning)]TJ
0 Tc
(e)'
0.43738 0 TD
0.008 Tc
0.367 Tw
[(xperience. )18(T)-1(hese data,)-625(32 academic researc)-1(h)]TJ
-0.43738 -1.16021 TD
0 Tc
0.048 Tw
[(papers,)-298(of)25(fer)-1(ed a w)10(ay to study comparable writing)]TJ
0 -1.1602 TD
0.164 Tw
[(products across dif)24(f)1(er)-1(ent instructional settings. )55(A)]TJ
T*
0.256 Tw
[(wide v)25(ar)-1(iety of additional data e)15(xists that may)65(,)]TJ
0 -1.16021 TD
-0.006 Tw
(upon anal)Tj
3.90961 0 TD
[(ysis,)-244(tell us more about CCLCP students\325)]TJ
-3.90961 -1.1602 TD
0.174 Tw
[(e)15(xperience. F)15(or e)14(xample,)-423(CCLCP students wrote)]TJ
0 -1.16021 TD
0.097 Tw
[(f)20(ield notes about their e)15(xperiences,)-348(produced pro-)]TJ
0 -1.1602 TD
0.11 Tw
[(ject co)15(v)15(er letter)-1(s for their teachers,)-360(f)20(illed out sur-)]TJ
T*
0.202 Tw
[(v)15(e)15(ys,)-452(par)-1(ticipated in focus groups,)-452(designed and)]TJ
0 -1.16021 TD
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.83276 0 TD
0.012 Tw
(oduced documents f)Tj
8.07702 0.00001 TD
(or and with their comm)Tj
9.43456 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(unity)Tj
-18.34434 -1.16021 TD
0.304 Tw
[(partners,)-555(and wrote ar)18(gumentati)24(v)15(e essays about)]TJ
0 -1.1602 TD
0.14 Tw
[(what the)15(y had learned. )54(As CCLCP mo)15(v)15(es ahead,)]TJ
0 -1.16021 TD
0.081 Tw
(these da)Tj
3.32899 0.00001 TD
(ta ar)Tj
1.82899 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.77454 0 Td
0 Tc
[(being e)15(xplored as suggested by our)]TJ
-5.93252 -1.16021 TD
0.025 Tw
[(assessment matr)-1(ix.)]TJ
0.9 -1.16021 TD
0.263 Tw
[(The research papers,)-513(themselv)14(es,)-513(re)26(v)14(eal some)]TJ
-0.9 -1.1602 TD
(f)Tj
0.33276 0.00001 TD
0.298 Tw
[(eatur)-1(es of what CCLCP students learned. )18(The)]TJ
-0.33276 -1.16021 TD
0.205 Tw
[(readers were called bac)-1(k together se)25(v)15(eral weeks)]TJ
0 -1.1602 TD
0.258 Tw
[(after the scoring e)15(x)15(er)-1(cise to \322gloss,)70-508(that is,)-508(to)]TJ
0 -1.16021 TD
0 Tw
(inter)Tj
1.83227 0.00001 TD
0.052 Tw
[(pret,)-302(their scores on a pair of research papers.)]TJ
-1.83227 -1.1602 TD
0.12 Tw
[(This follo)25(w-up con)40(v)14(ersation w)9(as intended to illu-)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(mina)Tj
1.9995 0 TD
0.1 Tw
(te w)Tj
1.7933 0 TD
0 Tw
(ha)Tj
0.9439 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(t)Tj
0.6275 0 Td
0 Tc
0.1 Tw
[(qualities,)-350(precisely)65(,)-350(distinguished the)]TJ
-5.3642 -1.1602 TD
0.006 Tw
[(CCLCP papers from those pr)-1(oduced by students in)]TJ
T*
0.034 Tw
[(traditional c)-1(lasses. It is important to note that each)]TJ
T*
0.032 Tw
[(of the tw)10(o paper)-1(s selected for discussion scored as)]TJ
T*
0.151 Tw
[(a)20(v)15(er)-1(a)1(ge in r)-1(espect to its gr)1(oup. )17(T)1(he CCLCP stu)-1(-)]TJ
22.5 50.18422 TD
0.065 Tw
[(dent\325)55(s paper critiques his/her comm)-1(unity partner\325)55(s)]TJ
0 -1.16708 TD
0.113 Tw
[(use of statistics in its public rela)-1(tions documents,)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(representing an atypical case of a student who w)10(as)]TJ
0 -1.16707 TD
[(not \322on board\323)-275(with the agenc)14<79D5>55(s approach to pub-)]TJ
0 -1.16708 TD
-0.013 Tw
[(licizing its mission. )18(The student paper from the tra-)]TJ
T*
-0.03 Tw
(ditional English 161class focuses on the Holocaust.)Tj
T*
0.128 Tw
[(W)80(e do not ha)20(v)15(e fur)-1(ther information on the broad)]TJ
0 -1.16707 TD
0.225 Tw
(inquiry of the course because identifying marks)Tj
0 -1.16708 TD
0.068 Tw
[(were r)-1(emo)15(v)15(ed for anon)15(ymity\325)55(s sak)9(e. F)15(or the same)]TJ
0 -1.16707 TD
-0.027 Tw
[(reason,)-223(we will refer to the comm)-1(unity agenc)15(y con-)]TJ
0 -1.16709 TD
0.02 Tw
[(sidered in the CCLCP paper as the \322not-for)19(-prof)19(it\323)]TJ
0 -1.16707 TD
0 Tw
((NFP). )Tj
3.0555 0 TD
(W)Tj
0.86402 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.77979 0 Td
0 Tc
(inc)Tj
1.22176 0 TD
0.086 Tw
(lude in )Tj
3.15373 0 TD
[(T)80(able 5 representati)24(v)15(e read-)]TJ
-9.0748 -1.16709 TD
0.25 Tw
[(ers\325)-426(comments r)-1(elati)25(v)15(e to the f)19(irst tw)10(o r)-1(esearch)]TJ
0 -1.16707 TD
0 Tw
(pa)Tj
0.94385 0 TD
0.002 Tw
[(per e)25(v)25(aluation cr)-1(iteria. F)15(or each of these tw)9(o cri-)]TJ
-0.94385 -1.16708 TD
0.024 Tw
[(teria,)-275(we indicate the subject paper\325)55(s a)20(v)15(er)-1(age score)]TJ
0 -1.16707 TD
-0.035 Tw
[(and a typical response from one of our four reader)-1(s.)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(Benea)Tj
2.49853 0 TD
-0.021 Tw
(th the r)Tj
2.79074 0 TD
0 Tw
(eader\325)Tj
2.44214 0 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(s)Tj
0.61791 0 Td
(r)Tj
0.33299 0 TD
0 Tc
(esponse)Tj
3.16553 0 TD
-0.021 Tw
[(,)-229(we include a section)]TJ
-11.84784 -1.1671 TD
0.04 Tw
[(from the student te)14(xt that e)15(x)15(emplif)19(ies the rationale)]TJ
0 -1.16707 TD
(f)Tj
0.33276 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(or the comment. )Tj
0.56724 -1.16708 TD
0.02 Tw
(In commenting on )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 372.4259 343.2661 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Cr)Tj
1.02591 0 TD
0.02 Tw
[(iterion 1:)-238(T)92(aking a P)80(osition)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 488.5 343.2661 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
-20.15 -1.16707 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(a)Tj
0.68125 0 Td
0 Tc
-0.012 Tw
[(reader points out that the CCLCP paper mak)9(es an)]TJ
-0.68125 -1.16708 TD
0.113 Tw
[(ar)17(guable claim and answers the \322so what?\323)-363(ques)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.16707 TD
0 Tw
(tion,)Tj
2.02726 0 TD
-0.028 Tw
(announcing w)Tj
5.60905 0 TD
(h)Tj
0.49512 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
0.72138 0 Td
0 Tc
(it ma)Tj
1.99916 0 TD
0 Tw
(tter)Tj
1.33228 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(s)Tj
0.61037 0 Td
0 Tc
-0.028 Tw
(if the wr)Tj
3.3303 0 TD
[(iter\325)55(s com-)]TJ
-16.12492 -1.1671 TD
0.046 Tw
[(munity partner misuses statistics in its public rela)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.16707 TD
0.021 Tw
(tions documents. )Tj
7.05113 0 TD
(The student paper from the tradi-)Tj
-7.05113 -1.16709 TD
0.102 Tw
(tional class proposes that the Holocaust teaches a)Tj
0 -1.16707 TD
0.155 Tw
[(lesson that is \322needed to be learned and remem)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.061 Tw
[(bered,)69-310(b)19(ut ne)25(v)15(er actually pursues or supports that)]TJ
0 -1.16709 TD
(c)Tj
0.44385 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(laim. )Tj
2.29328 0.00001 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(A)Tj
1.04256 0 Td
(r)Tj
0.33299 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.071 Tw
(eader points out,)Tj
7.09932 0 TD
(in discussing )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 454.9782 238.2294 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Cr)Tj
1.02591 0.00001 TD
(iter)Tj
1.32843 0.00001 TD
(ion)Tj
-19.15216 -1.16708 TD
0.001 Tc
(2:)Tj
1.44604 -0.00001 TD
0.002 Tc
0.358 Tw
[(D)1(e)16(veloping )18(A)1(r)38(guments in Conte)19(x)1(t)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 447.6221 226.5587 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.89164 -0.00001 TD
0.016 Tc
0.359 Tw
[(that)-1( t)-1(h)-1(e)]TJ
-16.95385 -1.16708 TD
0 Tc
0.102 Tw
(CCLCP paper guides the reader by establishing a)Tj
0 -1.16706 TD
-0.002 Tw
[(meta-structure that the r)-1(eader can track. )18(The reader)]TJ
0 -1.16708 TD
0.245 Tw
(also points out tha)Tj
8.04008 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(t)Tj
0.7729 0 Td
0 Tc
(the wr)Tj
2.77155 0.00001 TD
(iter needs to inc)Tj
7.09379 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(lude)Tj
-18.67832 -1.16709 TD
(mor)Tj
1.6106 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.92047 0 Td
0 Tc
(counter)Tj
2.97858 0.00001 TD
(-ar)Tj
1.09155 0.00001 TD
0.227 Tw
(guments. \(T)Tj
5.05871 0.00001 TD
(he counter)Tj
4.39904 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(-ar)Tj
1.09155 0.00001 TD
(gument,)Tj
-17.15049 -1.16712 TD
-0.03 Tw
[(or \322naysayer\323)-221(v)20(oice,)-221(is a challenging dialogic mo)15(v)15(e)]TJ
0 -1.16707 TD
0.279 Tw
[(that identif)19(ies what others might say about the)]TJ
0 -1.16708 TD
0.289 Tw
[(writer\325)54(s ar)18(gument.\) Students who learn in real-)]TJ
0 -1.16707 TD
(w)Tj
0.71216 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.83276 0 TD
0.012 Tw
(ld conte)Tj
3.19069 0.00001 TD
(xts in which issues are in constant play)Tj
-4.73561 -1.1671 TD
0.225 Tw
[(will be more lik)10(el)-1(y to recognize ar)17(guments and)]TJ
0 -1.16707 TD
0.02 Tc
0 Tw
(counter)Tj
3.11849 0.00001 TD
0.557 Tw
[(-ar)18(guments w)-1(hen applying classroom)]TJ
-3.11849 -1.16708 TD
0 Tc
0.021 Tw
[(lessons in actual communities of practice. )17(T)1(he stu)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.257 Tw
[(dent paper from the traditional class,)-507(unable to)]TJ
0 -1.16707 TD
0 Tw
(mar)Tj
1.55444 0.00001 TD
0.276 Tw
(shal suppor)Tj
4.85789 0.00001 TD
(ting e)Tj
2.50022 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(vidence)Tj
3.10938 0.00001 TD
0.276 Tw
[(,)-526(is trapped,)-525(if you)]TJ
-12.02193 -1.16711 TD
0.014 Tw
[(will,)-264(by a per)-1(sonal story that she cannot connect to)]TJ
-22.6 63.68421 TD
0.025 Tw
[(T)80(able 4)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 688.5103 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Inter)20(-r)14(ater Reliability )18(Alphas using Krippendorf)-9240(s )18(Alpha)]TJ
ET
0.5 w
0 G
61 683.3481 m
491 683.3481 l
S
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 321.2451 672.5103 Tm
0 g
[(CCLCP)-6712(T)35(raditional)]TJ
ET
0.5 w
0 G
61 667.4061 m
491 667.4061 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 656.5103 Tm
0.025 Tw
[(T)80(aking a position)-22406(.1977)-8250(.4159)]TJ
ET
61 651.406 m
491 651.406 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 640.5103 Tm
[(De)25(v)15(eloping ar)17(guments in conte)15(xt)-16071(.0770)-8250(.2643)]TJ
ET
61 635.406 m
491 635.406 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 624.5103 Tm
-0.0001 Tc
(U)Tj
0.72193 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
[(sing sources ef)25(fecti)25(v)14(ely)-19228(.0505)-8250(.1722)]TJ
ET
61 619.4061 m
491 619.4061 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 608.5103 Tm
[(Eng)5(aging intellectual strate)15(gies)-16795(.0774)-8250(.3809)]TJ
ET
61 603.406 m
491 603.406 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 592.5103 Tm
[(Using language appropria)-1(tely)-17496(.1123)-8250(.1302)]TJ
ET
61 587.406 m
491 587.406 l
S
382.0814 683.4045 m
382.0814 587.3115 l
S
295.2711 683.4051 m
295.2711 587.3111 l
S
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 25)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
26 0 obj
<<
/Length 13410
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(26)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(F)75(eldman et al.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 228.1914 Tm
0 g
0.054 Tw
[(an ongoing,)-304(public con)40(v)15(er)-1(sation. His/her class,)-304(we)]TJ
0 -1.17874 TD
0.06 Tw
[(surmise,)-311(did not pro)15(vide him/her with the recipro-)]TJ
T*
0.098 Tw
[(cal relationships within whic)-1(h an ar)18(gument might)]TJ
T*
-0.007 Tw
(come to life as a vibrant response within a commu-)Tj
T*
0.13 Tw
(nity of pr)Tj
3.98049 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(actice)Tj
2.33106 0.00001 TD
(.)Tj
0.59986 0.00001 TD
0.13 Tw
[(W)80(e wish to of)25(fer se)25(v)15(er)-1(al ca)20(v)15(ea)-1(ts)]TJ
-6.91141 -1.17876 TD
0 Tw
(her)Tj
1.27661 0 TD
(e:)Tj
1.08518 0 TD
(F)Tj
0.5559 0.00001 TD
(ir)Tj
0.6106 0.00001 TD
0.113 Tw
[(st,)-364(our ar)18(gument for participant-centered,)]TJ
-3.52829 -1.17877 TD
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.49951 0.00001 TD
0.097 Tw
(unity-based lear)Tj
6.51039 0.00001 TD
(ning should not be tak)Tj
9.26642 0 TD
(en as)Tj
-18.27632 -1.17876 TD
-0.018 Tw
(an ar)Tj
1.93458 0 TD
(gument tha)Tj
4.45314 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(t)Tj
0.50974 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(suc)Tj
1.3328 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(h)Tj
0.73166 0 Td
0 Tc
-0.018 Tw
[(learning ne)25(v)15(er can ha)-1(ppen in)]TJ
-8.96192 -1.17876 TD
0.029 Tw
[(courses conf)20(ined to c)-1(lassrooms. )30(W)80(e do not wish to)]TJ
0 -1.17874 TD
0.108 Tw
[(crea)-1(te a f)10(alse binary between on-campus and of)25(f-)]TJ
T*
-0.003 Tw
[(campus locations for learning. Rather)39(,)-247(as Deans \(in)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.8328 0 TD
0.233 Tw
(ess\) puts it,)Tj
5.47579 0.00001 TD
(w)Tj
0.72192 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.9268 0 Td
0 Tc
(wish to f)Tj
3.96524 0.00001 TD
[(ocus on the acti)25(vity)]TJ
-11.9225 -1.1788 TD
0 Tw
(under)Tj
2.2766 0 TD
(tak)Tj
1.2119 0 TD
0.077 Tw
(en in an)Tj
3.30391 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
0.82645 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(par)Tj
1.2768 0.00001 TD
0.077 Tw
[(ticular location. )55(Along these)]TJ
-8.8957 -1.1788 TD
-0.013 Tw
(same lines,)Tj
4.6663 0 TD
(our cr)Tj
2.34606 0.00001 TD
(itical comments a)Tj
7.02636 0.00001 TD
(bout the student)Tj
-14.0387 -1.1788 TD
0.002 Tw
(paper on the Holocaust should not suggest that this)Tj
22.5 16.50236 TD
-0.005 Tw
(topic could not be successfully handled as a contri-)Tj
0 -1.15744 TD
(b)Tj
0.48022 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(ution to an)Tj
4.31246 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
0.77489 0 Td
0 Tc
(of a v)Tj
2.30182 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.77661 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(iety of ong)Tj
4.38228 0.00001 TD
(oing discussions. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 342.2736 197.6859 Tm
0 g
(Conc)Tj
2.11085 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(luding Remarks)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 178.9116 Tm
0 g
0.177 Tw
[(Much w)10(or)-1(k remains to be done. Ev)15(en so,)-427(this)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15744 TD
0.162 Tw
[(research project can be seen as the f)20(ir)-1(st layer of)]TJ
T*
-0.031 Tw
[(e)15(xca)20(v)25(ation into a site replete with ric)-1(h resources for)]TJ
T*
0.106 Tw
[(g)5(auging and understanding the impact of partner)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.016 Tc
0.358 Tw
[(ship-centered,)-626(community-based learning.)-1( )17(T)-1(he)]TJ
T*
0 Tc
0.009 Tw
[(ne)15(xt iteration of CCLCP will allo)25(w us to conduct a)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(similar stud)Tj
4.69407 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
0.7503 0 Td
0 Tc
[(with a more di)25(v)15(er)-1(se group of service-)]TJ
-5.44437 -1.15744 TD
0.244 Tw
(learning students than those participating in the)Tj
T*
0 Tw
(cur)Tj
1.27661 0.00001 TD
(r)Tj
0.33276 0.00001 TD
0.229 Tw
[(ent pilot program. )55(And,)-479(because we plan to)]TJ
-1.60937 -1.15746 TD
-0.001 Tw
[(include in the ne)15(xt iter)-1(a)1(tion both a f)9(all and a spring)]TJ
0 -1.15744 TD
0.083 Tw
[(semester English 161 class,)-334(we\325)10(ll be able to com-)]TJ
-22.6 63.68426 TD
0.025 Tw
[(T)80(able 5)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 688.5103 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Comparison of )18(T)74(wo )18(A)55(ver)15(a)9(g)10(e Resear)37(c)15(h P)80(aper)9(s)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 63 672.7383 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.50098 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(r)15(aditional P)80(aper)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 63 662.2383 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(\322Remembering the Holocaust\323)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F24 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 63 635.1678 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Criterion 1:)-275(T)92(aking a P)54(osition:)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 179.8902 635.1678 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(The writer articulates a position or thesis that contr)-1(ib)20(utes to a signif)20(icant public )]TJ
-12.9878 -1.16667 TD
[(con)40(v)15(er)-1(sation. )18(The position relates to k)9(e)15(y themes discussed in the class materials and w)9(ork. )18(The writer attends to the)]TJ
T*
[(consequences of his or her position,)-275(its personal rele)24(v)25(ance,)-275(and the potential or real public impact. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 277 672.7383 Tm
0 g
-0.0001 Tc
(C)Tj
0.66693 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(CLCP P)80(aper)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 277 662.2383 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(\322Interpreting Sta)-1(tistics:)-220(A Rhetorical )55(Analysis of the)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
[(NFP\325)55(s Mark)9(eting Documents\323)]TJ
-23.77778 -6.05878 TD
[(Mean Score:)-275(2.56)]TJ
0 -1.56667 TD
(\322Remembering the Holocaust\323)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 63 569.0093 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Reader\325)40(s comments:)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 139.0536 569.0093 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(\311no one will disagree with it\311)Tj
-8.4504 -1.16667 TD
[(lessons \322need to be learned and remembered\323)-276(not dis-)]TJ
T*
[(cussed in paper)55(.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 63 533.9093 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(F)55(r)45(om the paper:)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 122.3464 533.9093 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(\322The )55(Amer)-1(ican tragedy of September 11)]TJ
-6.59404 -1.16667 TD
[(has made us a)15(w)10(ar)-1(e that a single deed can obliterate from )]TJ
T*
[(the f)10(ace of the ear)-1(th the ci)25(vilization that has been b)20(uilt o)14(v)15(er)]TJ
T*
[(the centuries,)-260(and that ordinar)-1(y bacteria (such as anthrax))]TJ
T*
[(can strik)9(e fear into a population of millions. )18(The tragedy )]TJ
0 -1.16666 TD
(of the Holocaust should be one of the big)Tj
16.0804 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(est lessons tha)Tj
5.54572 0 TD
0 Tc
(t)Tj
-22.11112 -1.16668 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(needed to be learned and remembered)-1(.)70]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F24 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 63 433.9874 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Criterion 2:)-275(De)-1(v)15(eloping )37(Arguments in Context:)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 241.2124 433.9874 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(The writer understands that ar)17(guments emer)18(ge from important )]TJ
-19.80138 -1.16667 TD
[(public and academic con)40(v)15(er)-1(sations in which participants r)-1(espond to each other as if in dialogue. )18(The)15(y question )]TJ
(c)'
0.44384 0 TD
0 Tw
(laims,)Tj
2.69127 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(ask questions a)Tj
6.10395 0 TD
[(bout e)25(vidence,)-275(consider the appropr)-1(iateness of the e)25(vidence,)-275(qualify their assertions,)-275(and)]TJ
-9.23907 -1.16668 TD
(respond to counter claims. )Tj
24 21.63577 TD
[(Mean Score:)-275(3.81)]TJ
0 -1.56667 TD
[(\322Interpreting Sta)-1(tistics\323)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 279 569.0093 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Reader\325)40(s comments)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 352.0587 569.0093 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(\311clearly ar)17(guable thesis\311 joins a)]TJ
-8.11763 -1.16667 TD
[(con)40(v)15(er)-1(sation\311potentially rele)24(v)25(ant for the reader)55(.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 279 533.9093 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(F)55(r)45(om the paper:)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 340.5064 533.9093 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[80(o the point,)-276(the NFP displays v)25(ague)]TJ
-6.83404 -1.16667 TD
[(results,)-275(incorrect statistics,)-275(and dismisses important)]TJ
0.27501 -1.16667 TD
[(informa)-1(tion in their documents. )55(As a result,)-275(the public)]TJ
-0.27501 -1.16667 TD
[(may mak)9(e less than a kno)25(wledgeable decision about)]TJ
T*
[(whether the)15(y w)10(ant to w)9(ork with the agenc)15(y)65(. )17(T)1(he goal of)]TJ
0 -1.16666 TD
(this anal)Tj
3.38511 0 TD
(ysis is to demonstr)Tj
7.54644 0 TD
(a)Tj
0.44384 0 TD
(te the g)Tj
2.99337 0 TD
(o)Tj
0.48511 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0 TD
(ernment funded)Tj
-15.33899 -1.16669 TD
[(agencies should not misinform the public about the ef)24(f)1(ect)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
(of the w)Tj
3.31661 0 TD
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.83277 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(k)Tj
0.77484 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(the)15(y complete because the)15(y ar)-1(e taking mone)15(y)]TJ
-4.92421 -1.16668 TD
0 Tw
(fr)Tj
0.66553 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(om the sta)Tj
4.16011 0 TD
0 Tw
(te)Tj
0.72168 0 TD
(.)Tj
0.18018 0 TD
Tj
-29.7275 -7.23979 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Mean Score:)-275(2.42)]TJ
0 -1.56667 TD
(\322Remembering the Holocaust\323)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 63 356.5513 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Reader\325)40(s comments:)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 136.4887 356.5513 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(\322\311glut of narrati)25(v)15(e because it isn\325)17(t)]TJ
-8.16541 -1.16667 TD
(used in ser)Tj
4.16113 0 TD
(vice to the ar)Tj
5.03884 0 TD
0 Tw
(gument,)Tj
3.40452 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(although narrati)25(v)15(e )]TJ
-12.6045 -1.16668 TD
[(certainly could)-1(. )1(. )-1(.Because the thesis isn\325)18(t v)15(ery po)25(werful,)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
[(the writer doesn\325)18(t sho)24(w ho)25(w it might not be simplistic\311\323)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 63 289.9513 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(F)55(r)45(om the paper:)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 124.5064 289.9513 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(\322I ha)20(v)15(e wr)-1(itten a fe)25(w essays on the)]TJ
-6.83404 -1.16667 TD
[(Holocaust o)15(v)15(er the year)-1(s. )30(When the opportunity arises for)]TJ
T*
[(me to write about history)65(,)-275(the Holocaust automa)-1(tically)]TJ
T*
[(comes to mind.)70]TJ
24 14.03334 TD
[(Mean Score:)-275(3.73)]TJ
0 -1.56667 TD
[(\322Interpreting Sta)-1(tistics\323)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 279 356.5513 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Reader\325)40(s comments:)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 355.0536 356.5513 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(\322Intro established a problem,)-276(it told)]TJ
-8.4504 -1.16667 TD
(ho)Tj
0.9751 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(w)Tj
0.9968 0 Td
0 Tc
(it w)Tj
1.54295 0 TD
(as g)Tj
1.60777 0 TD
[(oing to talk about the problem. Ev)15(er)-1(y topic)]TJ
-5.12262 -1.16668 TD
[(sentence had its o)25(wn part of the introduction. . . around)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
[(page 5 ... a v)15(er)-1(y)65(,)-275(v)15(ery sophisticated rhetorical anal)-1(ysis...)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(didn\325)Tj
2.09278 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(t)Tj
0.55273 0 Td
0 Tc
(br)Tj
0.83286 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ing in enough counterar)17(guments,)-275(b)20(ut ar)18(gument is)]TJ
-3.47838 -1.16667 TD
(c)Tj
0.44385 0 TD
0 Tw
(lear)Tj
1.49829 0 TD
(l)Tj
0.27783 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
0.77485 0 Td
(e)Tj
0.42911 0 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
(xtended thr)Tj
4.55112 0 TD
(ough the pa)Tj
4.71553 0 TD
0 Tw
[(per)55(.)70]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 279 289.9513 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(F)55(r)45(om the paper:)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 340.5064 289.9513 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(\322NFP uses f)10(alse statistics as a means of)]TJ
-6.83404 -1.16667 TD
[(manipulating the public to belie)25(v)14(e in the w)10(ork that the)15(y )]TJ
T*
[(do on local economic de)25(v)15(elopment.)69]TJ
ET
0.5 w
0 G
60 683.265 m
492 683.265 l
S
60 645.988 m
492 645.988 l
S
60 607.8631 m
492 607.8631 l
S
60 445.199 m
492 445.199 l
S
60 396.5 m
492 396.5 l
S
60 253.321 m
492 253.321 l
S
271.9997 683.4183 m
271.9997 646.1403 l
S
491.9996 683.4184 m
491.9996 253.6524 l
S
59.9996 683.4184 m
59.9996 253.6524 l
S
272.0005 608.0165 m
272.0005 446.1985 l
S
272 396.2132 m
272 253.0352 l
S
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 26)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
27 0 obj
<<
/Length 16397
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(27)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 268.6251 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Impact of P)80(artner)9(ship-Center)37(ed,)-275(Community-Based Learning)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 699.0103 Tm
0 g
0.238 Tw
[(pare tw)9(o gr)1(oups of resear)-1(c)1(h pa)-1(pers without the)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(p)Tj
0.49993 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.064 Tw
[(ossible interfer)-1(ence of a \322cohort ef)25(fect.)70-285(W)80(e plan)]TJ
-0.49993 -1.15001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(t)Tj
0.27787 0.00001 TD
(o)Tj
0.92071 0 Td
0 Tc
0.171 Tw
[(re)25(vie)25(w our options for ac)-1(hie)25(ving higher inter)20(-)]TJ
-1.19858 -1.15 TD
0.016 Tc
0.359 Tw
[(rater reliability as well. )54(As students proceed)]TJ
T*
0 Tc
0.03 Tw
[(through the four courses that will be compr)-1(ised by)]TJ
T*
0.108 Tw
[(future v)15(er)-1(sions of the CCLCP)111(,)-358(we will be able to)]TJ
T*
0.268 Tw
(dig deeply into the questions suggested by our)Tj
0 -1.15001 TD
-0.011 Tw
[(assessment matr)-1(ix in searc)1(h of the means to fur)-1(ther)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(characteriz)-1(e student learning.)]TJ
0.9 -1.15 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(As)Tj
1.45062 0 Td
0 Tc
0.09 Tw
[(important,)-340(we are eager to e)14(xplore the chal-)]TJ
-2.35062 -1.15001 TD
0.095 Tw
[(lenging questions posed by our assessment matr)-1(i-)]TJ
T*
0.005 Tw
[(ces about community partner and academic f)9(aculty)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.133 Tw
[(outcomes. Man)15(y questions e)15(xist about the conse)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.336 Tw
[(quences,)-586(both intended and unintended,)-586(of the)]TJ
T*
0.313 Tw
[(CCLCP program for not-for)19(-prof)20(it,)-563(community-)]TJ
T*
0.345 Tw
[(based or)18(g)5(aniza)-1(tions. Lik)10(e)25(wise,)-595(as more f)9(aculty)]TJ
T*
0.27 Tw
[(become in)40(v)19(olv)15(ed,)-520(we\325)50(d lik)10(e to e)14(xplore the link)]TJ
0 -1.15001 TD
0.08 Tw
[(between our f)10(aculty\325)54(s eng)5(aged research with part-)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.254 Tw
[(ner or)18(g)5(aniza)-1(tions and participant-centered,)-504(com-)]TJ
T*
-0.025 Tw
[(munity-based learning for under)18(graduates. Digging)]TJ
(e)'
0.41894 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0 TD
0.212 Tw
(en dee)Tj
2.79372 0 TD
(per into our site)Tj
6.93997 0 TD
[(,)-462(we can ask questions)]TJ
-10.63774 -1.15002 TD
0.06 Tw
[(about the institutional home of CCLCP)111(. Ev)15(er cog-)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
-0.009 Tw
(nizant of UIC\325)Tj
5.75676 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(s)Tj
0.62937 0 Td
0 Tc
[(shifting history of community rela)-1(-)]TJ
-6.38613 -1.15 TD
0.311 Tw
[(tions\321sometimes ironically)65(,)-561(sometimes f)19(ittingly)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.176 Tw
(enacted on the actual site of J)Tj
12.82753 0 TD
0 Tw
(ane )Tj
1.75865 0 TD
(Ad)Tj
1.22192 0 TD
(dam\325)Tj
1.99951 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(s)Tj
0.81468 0 Td
0 Tc
(Hull)Tj
-18.62229 -1.15001 TD
0.02 Tc
0.392 Tw
[(House\321we wish to e)15(xplore the institutional)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0 Tc
0.021 Tw
[(change precipitated by the CCLCP)111(,)-272(the f)20(ir)-1(st under-)]TJ
(g)'
0.5002 0 TD
(r)Tj
0.33296 0 TD
0 Tw
(adua)Tj
1.88849 0 TD
0.375 Tw
(te pr)Tj
2.18024 0 TD
(o)Tj
0.50019 0 TD
[(gram de)25(v)19(oted to community-based)]TJ
-5.40208 -1.15002 TD
0.058 Tw
[(learning on a campus that,)-308(since 1993,)-309(has carr)1(ied)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.332 Tw
(out its eng)Tj
4.82515 0 TD
(a)Tj
0.44385 0 TD
[(gement acti)25(vities through its Grea)-1(t)]TJ
-5.269 -1.15 TD
0 Tw
(Cities pr)Tj
3.41648 0 TD
[(ogram of f)10(aculty research and scholar)-1(ship,)]TJ
-3.41648 -1.15 TD
0.02 Tc
0.361 Tw
[(research centers,)-631(economic de)25(v)15(elopment,)-631(and)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(neighborhood initiati)24(v)15(es. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15 TD
(T)Tj
0.61084 0 TD
0.06 Tw
(he student lear)Tj
5.95146 0 TD
(ning outcomes w)Tj
6.95292 0 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(e)Tj
0.75405 0 Td
(r)Tj
0.333 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.44385 0 TD
0 Tw
(por)Tj
1.33276 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(t)Tj
0.58825 0 Td
0 Tc
0.06 Tw
(in this)Tj
-17.86713 -1.15002 TD
-0.008 Tw
[(artic)-1(le depend on the reciprocal partnerships de)25(v)14(el-)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.245 Tw
(oped as par)Tj
5.04379 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(t)Tj
0.77307 0 Td
0 Tc
(of the f)Tj
3.37781 0 TD
(ounding conce)Tj
6.10466 0 TD
(ption of the)Tj
-15.29933 -1.15001 TD
0 Tw
(CCLCP)Tj
3.05688 0.00001 TD
(.)Tj
0.52276 0 TD
0.053 Tw
[(W)80(e ar)18(gue that the lear)-1(ning that transpired)]TJ
-3.57964 -1.15001 TD
0.063 Tw
[(for CCLCP students,)-313(writing,)-313(as the)15(y did,)-313(in com-)]TJ
T*
0.167 Tw
[(ple)15(x social spaces dri)25(v)15(en by r)-1(eal-w)10(orld e)15(xig)-1(enc)15(y)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.02 Tw
[(contrib)19(uted to the more cogent ar)18(guments found in)]TJ
T*
-0.003 Tw
(their r)Tj
2.41184 0.00001 TD
[(esearch papers. )17(T)1(his f)19(inding has had an insti-)]TJ
-2.41184 -1.15001 TD
0.118 Tw
[(tutional impact at UIC. It signals to other f)10(aculty)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.054 Tw
[(and administrators that partner)-1(ship-centered,)-304(com-)]TJ
(m)'
0.77783 0.00001 TD
0.174 Tw
(unity-based lear)Tj
6.58775 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ning)Tj
1.77783 0.00001 TD
(,)Tj
0.67441 0.00001 TD
0.174 Tw
(and r)Tj
2.20103 0 TD
(esearch into its out-)Tj
-12.01885 -1.15003 TD
0.155 Tw
[(comes is e)15(xactly the kind of thing we should be)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.025 Tw
(doing around here.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 151.1711 162.6537 Tm
0 g
(Notes)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
5 0 0 5 71 144.7286 Tm
0 g
(1)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 80 141.3536 Tm
0 g
0.038 Tw
[(This phrase,)-288(\322the kind of thing we do around here\323)]TJ
-2 -1.16667 TD
0.101 Tw
(and v)Tj
2.26962 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.77661 0.00001 TD
(ia)Tj
0.72168 0.00001 TD
0.101 Tw
(tions of it,)Tj
4.63504 0 TD
0 Tw
(suc)Tj
1.33277 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(h)Tj
0.85056 0 Td
0 Tc
(as )Tj
1.18355 0.00001 TD
0.101 Tw
[(\322what w)-1(e do around here\323)]TJ
-11.76983 -1.16671 TD
0 Tw
(ha)Tj
0.92407 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.85364 0 Td
0 Tc
0.16 Tw
[(been used to characteriz)-1(e the traditional w)10(or)-1(k of)]TJ
-2.2628 -1.1667 TD
-0.034 Tw
[(academic departments. Notably)65(,)-217(literary scholar and pub-)]TJ
T*
0.135 Tw
(lic intellectual Stanle)Tj
8.69649 0.00001 TD
(y)Tj
0.88502 0 Td
(F)Tj
0.556 0.00001 TD
(ish used the ter)Tj
6.43096 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(m)Tj
1.16292 0 Td
0 Tc
(to name the)Tj
-17.7314 -1.1667 TD
-0.001 Tw
(kind of w)Tj
3.8199 0 TD
[(ork that should be done in English depar)-1(tments)]TJ
-3.8199 -1.1667 TD
0.025 Tw
[(\(Fish,)-275(1995/1999; see also Olson,)-275(2002\).)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
5 0 0 5 71 67.6286 Tm
0 g
(2)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 80 64.2536 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.261 Tw
[(Most uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sities that ha)20(v)15(e been present in urban)]TJ
23 70.60618 TD
0.112 Tw
[(neighborhoods do not come to these ne)25(w understandings)]TJ
0 -1.20456 TD
-0.0155 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31752 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.014 Tw
[(rom a pr)-1(istine past. UIC,)-249(lik)10(e other urban uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sities,)-249(has)]TJ
-0.31752 -1.20458 TD
0.078 Tw
[(had a comple)15(x and sometimes contentious historical rela)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.20456 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.26291 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.043 Tw
[(ionship with its surrounding neighborhoods and ef)25(forts at)]TJ
-0.26291 -1.20456 TD
0.025 Tw
[(eng)5(agement must o)15(v)15(er)-1(come these historical dif)25(f)20(iculties.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
5 0 0 5 296 645.2789 Tm
0 g
(3)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 305 641.9039 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.202 Tw
[(The Chicago Ci)25(vic Leadership Certif)19(icate Program)]TJ
-2 -1.20456 TD
0.154 Tw
[((CCLCP) pilot is funded by a three-year g)-1(r)1(ant from the)]TJ
T*
0.05 Tw
[(Corporation for National and Community Ser)-1(vice\325)55(s Learn)]TJ
-0.0151 Tc
(a)'
0.42889 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
[(nd Serv)15(e )55(Amer)-1(ica program,)-235(with an equal match fr)-1(om the)]TJ
-0.42889 -1.20458 TD
0.331 Tw
[(Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity of Illinois at Chicago. Institutional Re)25(vie)25(w)]TJ
0 -1.20456 TD
0.017 Tw
[(Board permission w)9(as sought and a)15(w)10(arded for r)-1(esearch on)]TJ
T*
0.092 Tw
[(this project under protocol 2004-0361,)-327(\322Ci)24(vic Leadership)]TJ
T*
0.01 Tw
[(and Service.)70-245(CCLCP\325)55(s pilot has been generously suppor)-1(t)1(-)]TJ
T*
0.166 Tw
[(ed by UIC )50(V)60(ice Pr)-1(o)15(v)20(ost for Under)18(graduate Studies Lon)]TJ
0 -1.20458 TD
0.083 Tw
[(Kaufman,)-318(Dean of Liberal )54(Arts and Sciences Christopher)]TJ
0 -1.20456 TD
0.08 Tw
[(Comer)40(,)-315(English Department Head )29(W)80(alter Benn Michaels,)]TJ
T*
0.005 Tc
0.358 Tw
[(Dean of Urban Planning and Public )55(Af)24(f)10(airs Robin)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.225 Tw
[(Hambleton,)-460(Grea)-1(t Cities Institute Director Da)20(vid Per)-1(r)1(y)65(,)]TJ
T*
-0.01 Tc
0.37 Tw
[(and UIC Neighborhoods Initiati)25(v)14(e )55(Associate Director)]TJ
0 -1.20457 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Atanacio Gonzales.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
5 0 0 5 296 479.0629 Tm
0 g
(4)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 305 475.6879 Tm
0 g
(Futur)Tj
2.1665 0 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(e)Tj
0.83784 0 Td
0 Tc
(iter)Tj
1.33248 0 TD
(a)Tj
0.44384 0 TD
0.144 Tw
[(tions of the Chicago Ci)25(vic Leadership)]TJ
-6.78067 -1.20457 TD
0.064 Tw
[(Certif)19(icate Program will include four courses instead of)]TJ
0 -1.20456 TD
(f)Tj
0.31299 0 TD
(i)Tj
0.25293 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.4851 0 TD
0.012 Tw
[(e. )30(W)80(e learned through e)15(xper)-1(ience that students should)]TJ
-1.05102 -1.20458 TD
0.319 Tw
[(complete the course sequence during their f)19(irst tw)10(o)]TJ
0 -1.20456 TD
0.028 Tw
[(under)18(graduate year)-1(s,)-278(creating more opportunity f)-1(or their)]TJ
0 -1.20457 TD
0.02 Tc
0 Tw
(in)Tj
0.77803 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.50022 0 TD
0.02 Tc
(olv)Tj
1.32294 0 TD
0.852 Tw
(ement with the soon-to-be implemented)Tj
-2.60119 -1.20458 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(CityW)80(or)-1(ks Center)55(.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 364.5763 391.6606 Tm
0 g
[(Refer)-1(ences)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 287 370.0195 Tm
0 g
-0.006 Tw
[(Bacon,)-244(N. (2001). Setting the course for service-learning)]TJ
1 -1.20455 TD
(r)Tj
0.33418 0 TD
0.001 Tc
0 Tw
(esear)Tj
2.06028 0 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.44527 0 TD
0.001 Tc
(h. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 333.9579 359.1785 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
(Ref)Tj
1.29176 0 TD
0.374 Tw
(lections on Comm)Tj
7.75073 0 TD
0 Tw
(unity-Based )Tj
5.19662 0 TD
(Wr)Tj
1.19451 0 TD
(iting)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 488.7505 359.1785 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 348.3374 Tm
0 g
(2)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 300.365 348.3374 Tm
0 g
[((1),)-275(1-7. )]TJ
-1.485 -1.60457 TD
0.15 Tw
[(Ba)15(w)10(ar)-1(shi,)-345(A. S. (2003). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 379.149 333.8963 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.15 Tw
[(Genr)37(e and the in)39(v)1(ention of the)]TJ
-9.23878 -1.20455 TD
-0.014 Tw
[(writer:)-221(Reconsidering the place of in)40(vention in composi-)]TJ
0 -1.20457 TD
0 Tw
(tion)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 309.461 312.2142 Tm
0 g
-0.0001 Tc
(.)Tj
0.52489 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Log)5(an,)-275(UT)49(:)-275(Utah State Uni)25(v)15(ersity Press. )]TJ
-3.02056 -1.60457 TD
0 Tw
(Bizz)Tj
1.83252 0 TD
(ell,)Tj
1.50939 0 TD
(P)Tj
0.44507 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(.)Tj
0.50977 0 Td
0 Tc
((1987). )Tj
3.14574 0 TD
0.01 Tw
[(What can we kno)25(w)65(,)-260(what must we do,)]TJ
-6.44249 -1.20457 TD
(w)Tj
0.72508 0.00001 TD
0.003 Tc
0 Tw
(ha)Tj
0.95017 0 TD
(t)Tj
0.90583 0 Td
0.372 Tw
[(may we hope:)-596(Writing assessment. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 464.093 286.9321 Tm
0 g
-0.012 Tc
(Colle)Tj
2.06751 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.47839 0 TD
(e)Tj
-21.2229 -1.20458 TD
-0.015 Tc
(English)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 322.5538 276.091 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 327.2788 276.091 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(49)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 336.0088 276.091 Tm
0 g
[((5),)-275(575-584. )]TJ
-5.44542 -1.60457 TD
-0.029 Tw
[(Bringle,)-222(R. G.,)-221(& Hatcher)39(,)-221(J. )55(A. (2000). Meaningful mea-)]TJ
1 -1.20456 TD
0.114 Tw
[(surement of theory-based service-lear)-1(ning outcomes:)]TJ
0 -1.20457 TD
0.063 Tw
[(Making the case with quantitati)24(v)15(e research.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 457.5886 239.9678 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(Mic)15(higan)]TJ
-17.95429 -1.20456 TD
0 Tc
(J)Tj
0.40395 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(our)Tj
1.34392 0 TD
0.024 Tw
(nal of Comm)Tj
5.04869 0.00001 TD
(unity Ser)Tj
3.47088 0 TD
(vice Lear)Tj
3.63664 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 436.5972 229.1268 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.5236 0.00001 TD
0.024 Tw
(Special Issue)Tj
5.27116 0 TD
(,)Tj
-21.41667 -1.20457 TD
0 Tw
(68-75. )Tj
-1 -1.60457 TD
0.06 Tw
[(Bringle,)-310(R. G.,)-310(Philips,)-309(M.A.& Hudson,)-310(M. (2004). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 477.7723 203.8446 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(The)Tj
-20.19692 -1.20457 TD
0.092 Tw
[(measur)37(e of service learning:)-327(Resear)36(c)16(h scales to assess)]TJ
0 -1.20455 TD
0.005 Tc
0.366 Tw
(student e)Tj
3.97395 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(xper)Tj
1.79661 0 TD
(iences)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 370.6895 182.1625 Tm
0 g
0.02 Tc
(.)Tj
0.87668 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.88401 0.00001 TD
0.02 Tc
(ashington,)Tj
4.97485 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(D)Tj
0.74192 0.00001 TD
0.02 Tc
0.311 Tw
(.C. American)Tj
-15.7763 -1.20459 TD
0 Tc
0 Tw
(Psyc)Tj
1.88867 0.00001 TD
(holo)Tj
1.77784 0.00001 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0.00001 TD
(ical )Tj
1.66343 0.00001 TD
(Association.)Tj
-6.82993 -1.6046 TD
-0.02 Tw
[(Crosswhite,)-231(J. (1996). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 367.9461 156.8803 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.02 Tw
[(The rhetoric of r)37(eason:)-176(Writing and)]TJ
-7.99401 -1.20455 TD
0.126 Tw
[(the attr)15(actions of ar)36(gument)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 393.5134 146.0394 Tm
0 g
-0.0001 Tc
(.)Tj
0.6254 0 Td
0 Tc
[(Madison,)-346(WI:)-376(Uni)25(v)15(ersity)]TJ
-11.46022 -1.20457 TD
(of )Tj
1.07798 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(W)40(isconsin Press. )]TJ
-2.07798 -1.60458 TD
0.278 Tw
[(Cushman,)-528(E. (1996). )18(The rhetorician as an agent of)]TJ
1 -1.20456 TD
0.02 Tc
1.293 Tw
(social change. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 375.1928 109.9161 Tm
0 g
0.005 Tc
1.293 Tw
[(Colle)40(g)9(e Composition and)]TJ
-8.7992 -1.20456 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Communication)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 351.7387 99.0751 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 356.4637 99.0751 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(47)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 365.1938 99.0751 Tm
0 g
[(,)-275(7-28.)]TJ
-8.6882 -1.60457 TD
0.163 Tw
[(Cushman,)-413(E. (2002). Sustainable ser)-1(vice learning pro-)]TJ
1 -1.20456 TD
0 Tw
(grams. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 323.8366 73.7929 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.15 Tw
[(Colle)40(g)9(e Composition and Communication)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 474.1737 73.7929 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 480.02 73.7929 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(54)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 488.75 73.7929 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
-21.41667 -1.20456 TD
(40-65.)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 27)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
28 0 obj
<<
/Length 20715
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(28)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 62 699.7092 Tm
0 g
0.088 Tw
[(Deans,)-321(T)74(. (2000). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 129.034 699.7092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.088 Tw
[(Writing partner)9(ships:)-323(Service-lear)-1(ning)]TJ
-6.44822 -1.17729 TD
-0.006 Tc
0.366 Tw
(in composition)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 126.7657 689.1136 Tm
0 g
0.0088 Tc
(.)Tj
0.8837 0 Td
0.009 Tc
0.366 Tw
[(Urbana,)-625(IL:)-625(Na)-1(tional Council of)]TJ
-7.07989 -1.17729 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(T)70(eachers of English. )]TJ
-1 -1.57729 TD
0.324 Tw
[(Deans,)-556(T)74(. (in press). Shifting locations,)-574(genres,)-574(and)]TJ
1 -1.17729 TD
0.086 Tw
[(moti)25(v)15(es:)-282(An acti)25(vity theory analysis of service-lear)-1(n-)]TJ
T*
0.189 Tw
[(ing writing pedagogies. In C. K)25(eller & C. )29(W)80(eisser)40(,)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(Eds. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 89.4036 632.5356 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.045 Tw
(The Locations of Composition)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 195.5906 632.5356 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
0.49015 0 Td
[(Alban)15(y)65(,)-295(NY)91(:)-295(State)]TJ
-14.33356 -1.17728 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity of Ne)25(w )90(Y)110(ork Pr)-1(ess.)]TJ
-1 -1.57729 TD
0.052 Tw
[(Eyler)40(,)-302(J.,)-302(& Giles,)-302(D. E. Jr)55(. (1999). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 192.3492 607.7445 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.052 Tw
[(Wher)37<65D5>39(s the learning)]TJ
-13.48324 -1.17729 TD
0.025 Tw
(in service-learning?)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 143.7209 597.1489 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(San Fransisco:)-275(Josse)15(y-Bass. )]TJ
-9.0801 -1.57729 TD
0.087 Tw
[(F)15(aigle)15(y)65(,)-337(L.,)-337(Cherry)65(,)-337(R. D.,)-336(Jolif)24(f)1(e,)-337(D. )55(A.,)-337(& Skinner)40(,)-282(A.)]TJ
1 -1.17729 TD
0.031 Tw
(M. (1985). )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 112.5442 572.3577 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.031 Tw
[(Assessing writer)9<73D5>-155(knowledg)10(e and pr)45(ocesses)]TJ
-4.61602 -1.17729 TD
0.025 Tw
(of composing)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 117.8482 561.7621 Tm
0 g
-0.0001 Tc
(.)Tj
0.52484 0 Td
0 Tc
[(Norw)10(ood,)-275(NJ:)-221(Able)15(x. )]TJ
-6.7302 -1.57729 TD
0.021 Tw
[(Feldman,)-216(A. M. (2003). )17(T)70(eaching writing in a conte)15(xt of)]TJ
1 -1.17729 TD
-0.036 Tw
[(partnership. In B. McComisk)9(e)15(y & C. Ryan (Eds.),)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 251.4065 536.9709 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(City)Tj
-20.04516 -1.1773 TD
-0.003 Tc
[(comp:)-610(Identities,)-610(spaces,)-610(pr)14(actices)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 209.5811 526.3753 Tm
0 g
0.012 Tc
0.363 Tw
((pp. 203-215).)Tj
-15.3979 -1.1773 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Alban)15(y:)-275(Sta)-1(te Uni)25(v)15(ersity of Ne)24(w )90(Y)110(ork Press. )]TJ
-1 -1.57729 TD
(F)Tj
0.5759 0.00001 TD
0.02 Tc
0.499 Tw
[(eldman. )55(A. M. (2006). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 171.5906 501.5841 Tm
0 g
0.005 Tc
0.499 Tw
(Making wr)Tj
4.90437 0 TD
(iting matter:)Tj
-16.0811 -1.1773 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.015 Tw
[(Redesigning f)20(ir)9(st-year composition for the enga)10(g)9(ed uni-)]TJ
0 -1.17729 TD
0 Tw
[(ver)10(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 93.9525 480.3929 Tm
0 g
-0.0001 Tc
(.)Tj
0.52487 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Book-length manuscript under re)25(vie)24(w)65(. )]TJ
-4.07515 -1.57729 TD
0.022 Tw
[(Fish,)-272(S. (1999). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 120.5963 466.1973 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.022 Tw
[(Pr)45(ofessional cor)-1(r)37(ectness:)-257(Liter)15(ary studies)]TJ
-5.5107 -1.17729 TD
0.005 Tc
0.416 Tw
(and political c)Tj
6.66842 0 TD
0 Tw
(hang)Tj
2.01022 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 153.1475 455.6017 Tm
0 g
0.0199 Tc
(.)Tj
0.95556 0 Td
0.02 Tc
(Cambr)Tj
2.8216 0 TD
(idg)Tj
1.33782 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.46384 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.95575 0 TD
0.02 Tc
(MA:)Tj
2.63441 0 TD
(Har)Tj
1.55852 0 TD
[(v)25(ard)]TJ
-19.855 -1.17731 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity Press. \(Original w)10(or)-1(k published 1995\).)]TJ
-1 -1.57729 TD
0.027 Tw
[(Flo)25(wer)39(,)-276(L. (2002). Intercultur)-1(al inquiry and the transfor-)]TJ
1 -1.17729 TD
0 Tw
(ma)Tj
1.22168 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(tion of ser)Tj
4.10397 0 TD
0 Tw
(vice. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 138.6455 420.2149 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Colle)Tj
2.05171 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.47523 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.68882 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(English)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 194.1415 420.2149 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 198.8665 420.2149 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(65)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 207.5966 420.2149 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.525 0 TD
(181-201. )Tj
-16.7024 -1.57729 TD
0.077 Tw
[(Gelmon,)-327(S. B.,)-328(Holland,)-327(B. )55(A.,)-327(Dr)-1(iscoll,)-272(A.,)-327(Spr)-1(ing,)-272(A.,)]TJ
1 -1.17729 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(&)Tj
1.09254 0 Td
0 Tc
0.065 Tw
[(K)25(er)-1(r)1(ig)4(an,)-315(S)1(. (2001). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 156.7847 395.4237 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.065 Tw
(Assessing service-learning and)Tj
-9.53163 -1.17729 TD
0.005 Tc
0.825 Tw
[(civic enga)9(g)10(ement:)-1080(Principles and tec)15(hniques)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 263.7503 384.8281 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
-21.4167 -1.17729 TD
(Pr)Tj
0.88867 0 TD
(o)Tj
0.48511 0 TD
(vidence)Tj
3.10938 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.525 0 TD
(RI:)Tj
1.55259 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(Campus Compact. )Tj
-7.56075 -1.57731 TD
0 Tw
[(Gibbons,)-327(M.,)-327(Limoges,)-327(C.,)-327(No)24(w)10(otn)15(y)65(,)-327(H.,)-327(Schw)9(artzman,)]TJ
1 -1.17729 TD
-0.033 Tw
[(S.,)-234(Scott,)-234(P)111(.,)-233(& T)35(ro)25(w)65(,)-233(M. )-17((1994). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 188.4339 349.4413 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.016 Tw
[(The ne)15(w pr)45(oduction of)]TJ
-13.04821 -1.17729 TD
0 Tw
(kno)Tj
1.39884 0 TD
(wledg)Tj
2.30391 0 TD
(e:)Tj
1.16187 0 TD
0.198 Tw
[(The dynamics of science and r)37(esear)37(c)15(h in)]TJ
-4.86462 -1.1773 TD
0 Tw
(contempor)Tj
4.12648 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(ary societies)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 151.8391 328.2501 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
0.52492 0 Td
(London:)Tj
3.66376 0 TD
(Sage. )Tj
-14.1708 -1.57729 TD
0.02 Tc
0.402 Tw
[(Gude,)-672(O. (Ed.) (2000). Placemaking in Chicago.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 303.4589 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(Ne)15(wsma)9(gazine)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 123.1515 303.4589 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 127.8766 303.4589 Tm
0 g
(7)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 132.2416 303.4589 Tm
0 g
[((1),)-275(1-16)]TJ
-7.80462 -1.57729 TD
0.002 Tw
[(Harris,)-252(J.,)-251(Pr)-1(yor)40(,)-252(J. & )55(Adams,)-252(S. (1997). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 208.233 289.2633 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.002 Tw
[(The c)15(halleng)10(e of)]TJ
-15.24811 -1.17729 TD
0 Tw
(inter)Tj
1.77657 0 TD
0.144 Tw
[(coder a)10(gr)37(eement in qualitati)-1(ve inquiry)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 225.5802 278.6677 Tm
0 g
-0.0001 Tc
(.)Tj
0.6437 0 Td
0 Tc
(Retr)Tj
1.72166 0 TD
[(ie)25(v)14(ed)]TJ
-19.54093 -1.17729 TD
0.327 Tw
[(March 8,)-577(2006 from http://emissary)65(.ots.ute)14(xas.edu/)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
[(emissary/publications/inter)-1(coder)20(-agreement.pdf.)]TJ
-1 -1.57729 TD
0.163 Tw
[(Hartman,)-414(D. P)111(. (1982). )55(Assessing the dependability of)]TJ
1 -1.17729 TD
0.291 Tw
[(observ)25(ational data. In D. P)111(. Har)-1(tman (Ed.),)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 245.042 232.6853 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Using)Tj
-19.338 -1.17729 TD
(obser)Tj
2.14668 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.42886 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(er)Tj
0.793 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.58581 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.023 Tw
(to stud)Tj
2.56655 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.64081 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(beha)Tj
1.88381 0 TD
(vior)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 168.4074 222.0898 Tm
0 g
-0.023 Tw
((pp. 51-66). San F)Tj
7.23474 0.00001 TD
(r)Tj
0.33276 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ancisco:)Tj
-18.39054 -1.17731 TD
[(Josse)15(y-Bass. )]TJ
-1 -1.57729 TD
0.047 Tw
[(Holland,)-352(B. A. )-55(\(2005,)-353(July\). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 169.0906 197.2985 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.102 Tw
[(Sc)15(holar)9(ship and mission in)]TJ
-10.89896 -1.17729 TD
0.235 Tw
[(the 21st century univer)10(sity:)-452(The r)45(ole of eng)-1(a)10(g)10(ement)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 263.7502 186.7029 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
-21.41669 -1.17729 TD
0.008 Tw
[(Speech presented for the )55(Austr)-1(alian uni)25(v)15(ersities quali-)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(ty agenc)15(y for)-1(um,)-275(Sydne)15(y)65(,)-220(Australia.)]TJ
-1 -1.57729 TD
0 Tw
(Holland)Tj
3.22143 0.00001 TD
(,)Tj
0.56249 0.00001 TD
(B)Tj
0.66699 0.00001 TD
(.)Tj
0.50756 0 Td
(A.)Tj
1.28437 0 Td
0.062 Tw
[(\(2006,)-313(F)1(ebr)-1(uary 16\). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 196.5951 151.3161 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.5409 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.062 Tw
(he r)Tj
1.54034 0.00001 TD
(ole of eng)Tj
3.91834 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
0 Tw
[(age)-10(-)]TJ
-19.95459 -1.1773 TD
-0.01 Tc
(ment:)Tj
2.83747 0 TD
(Resear)Tj
2.68081 0 TD
0.37 Tw
[(c)15(h and teac)15(hing in the 21st century)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 263.7495 140.7206 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
-21.41661 -1.1773 TD
-0.035 Tw
[(Speech presented to f)9(aculty members of the Uni)25(v)15(ersity)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(of Illinois at Chicago,)-275(Chicago,)-275(IL.)]TJ
-1 -1.5773 TD
0.026 Tw
[(Holland,)-330(B. A.,)-330(Gelmon,)-330(S.B.,)-331(Furco,)-275(A.,)-331(& )-54(Bringle,)-330(R.)]TJ
1 -1.1773 TD
0 Tw
[(\(2005,)-413(October\). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 135.9 94.7381 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.163 Tw
[(Be)29(y)1(ond anecdote:)-398(Bringing r)-1(igor to)]TJ
-7.2111 -1.1773 TD
0 Tw
(ser)Tj
1.1767 0 TD
(vice-lear)Tj
3.4177 0 TD
0.372 Tw
(ning r)Tj
2.66223 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
[(esear)37(c)15(h)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 162.8835 84.1426 Tm
0 g
-0.0001 Tc
(.)Tj
0.87216 0 Td
0 Tc
(Speec)Tj
2.38763 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(h)Tj
1.12219 0 Td
0 Tc
(pr)Tj
0.83292 0.00001 TD
0.372 Tw
(esented to the)Tj
-15.4242 -1.1773 TD
0.02 Tc
0.456 Tw
[(International Service-Lear)-1(ning Conference,)-727(East)]TJ
T*
0 Tc
0 Tw
(Lansing)Tj
3.2214 0 TD
[(,)-275(MI. )]TJ
20.77856 70.75088 TD
0.076 Tw
[(Ho)25(w)10(ar)-1(d,)-326(J. P)111(. F)80(.,)-327(Gelmon,)-326(S.,)-327(& Giles,)-326(D. E. Jr)55(. (2000).)]TJ
1 -1.18456 TD
0.091 Tw
[(From yesterday to tomorro)25(w:)-342(Strate)15(gic directions for)]TJ
0.0198 Tc
(s)'
0.40876 0.00001 TD
0.02 Tc
0.584 Tw
[(ervice-learning resear)-1(c)1(h. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 406.0499 678.3872 Tm
0 g
0.0047 Tc
(M)Tj
0.83772 0.00001 TD
0.005 Tc
0.584 Tw
[(ic)15(higan J)24(ournal of)]TJ
-13.06549 -1.18457 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(C)Tj
0.65195 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(ommunity Service Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 398.4111 667.7261 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.525 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Special Issue,)-275(5-10. )]TJ
-12.90401 -1.58456 TD
0.073 Tw
[(K)25(eith,)-323(N. Z. (2005). Community ser)-1(vice learning in the)]TJ
1 -1.18456 TD
0.054 Tw
[(f)10(ace of globalization:)-304(Rethinking theory and practice)-1(.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 632.143 Tm
0 g
-0.013 Tc
0.373 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of Community Service Learning)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 488.7495 632.143 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 621.4819 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(11)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 304.73 621.4819 Tm
0 g
[((2),)-275(5-24. )]TJ
-1.97 -1.58455 TD
0.015 Tc
0.331 Tw
[(La)19(v)15(e,)-625(J.,)-625(& W)80(enger)39(,)-625(E. )-29((1991). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 422.4835 607.2209 Tm
0 g
0.36 Tw
(Situated learning:)Tj
-14.05372 -1.18457 TD
0.005 Tc
0.629 Tw
[(Le)40(gitima)-1(te peripher)15(al participation)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 436.3754 596.5598 Tm
0 g
0.0199 Tc
(.)Tj
1.16833 0 Td
0.02 Tc
(Cambridge:)Tj
-16.7656 -1.18455 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Cambridge Uni)25(v)14(ersity Press. )]TJ
-1 -1.58456 TD
0.304 Tw
[(Llo)10(yd-J)-1(ones,)-553(R. (1977). Primar)-1(y trait scoring. In C.)]TJ
1 -1.18457 TD
0.02 Tc
0.375 Tw
[(Cooper)40(,)-645(& L. Odell (Eds.),)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 416.0766 560.9767 Tm
0 g
0.005 Tc
0.375 Tw
(Evaluating writing:)Tj
-13.34185 -1.18455 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
[(Describing)10(,)-431(measuring)10(,)-430(judging)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 413.773 550.3157 Tm
0 g
0.195 Tw
((pp. 33-66). Urbana,)Tj
-13.08589 -1.18458 TD
0.025 Tw
[(IL:)-275(Na)-1(tional Council of )18(T)70(eachers of English. )]TJ
-1 -1.58456 TD
0.006 Tw
[(Mailloux,)-256(S. (1995). Introduction:)-255(Sophistry and rhetori-)]TJ
1 -1.18457 TD
0.016 Tc
0.359 Tw
[(cal prag)1(m)1(a)1(tism. In S. Mailloux (Ed.),)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 457.7146 514.7325 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
[(Rhetori)1(c)1(,)]TJ
-17.96829 -1.18456 TD
0.005 Tc
[(sophistry)55(,)-952(pr)15(a)9(gmatism)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 391.6992 504.0715 Tm
0 g
0.02 Tc
0.697 Tw
((pp. 1-31). Cambridge:)Tj
-10.63324 -1.18456 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Cambridge Uni)25(v)14(ersity Press. )]TJ
-0.72874 -1.58456 TD
0 Tw
(Moll,)Tj
2.46585 0 TD
0.021 Tw
[(L.C. & Greenber)18(g,)-272(J.B. (1990). Creating zones of)]TJ
-1.7371 -1.18456 TD
0.148 Tw
[(possibility)65(. In L. C. Moll (Ed.) )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 415.8893 468.4884 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.148 Tw
[(Vygotsk)9(y and educa-)]TJ
-13.32104 -1.18457 TD
-0.013 Tc
0.373 Tw
[(tion:)-610(Instructional implications and applications of)]TJ
0 -1.18456 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.105 Tw
[(sociohistorical psyc)15(holo)9(gy)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 392.6361 447.1663 Tm
0 g
0.105 Tw
((pp. 319-348). Cambridge:)Tj
-10.73735 -1.18455 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Cambridge Uni)25(v)14(ersity Press. )]TJ
-1 -1.58457 TD
0 Tw
(Moss,)Tj
2.74728 0 TD
(P)Tj
0.44507 0 TD
(.)Tj
0.5256 0 TD
0.081 Tw
(A. (1994). Can ther)Tj
8.04434 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.77441 0 Td
0 Tc
(be v)Tj
1.74945 0 TD
(alidity without relia-)Tj
-13.28614 -1.18457 TD
0 Tw
(bility? )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 321.4716 411.5832 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Educa)Tj
2.47969 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(tional Resear)Tj
5.15301 0 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.41396 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(her)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 405.4814 411.5832 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 410.2064 411.5832 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(23)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 418.9364 411.5832 Tm
0 g
((2),)Tj
1.69054 0 TD
(5-12. )Tj
-16.35014 -1.58457 TD
(Muthesius,)Tj
4.71851 0 TD
0.052 Tw
(S. (2000). )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 368.4 397.3221 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.54091 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.052 Tw
[(he postwar univer)10(sity:)-288(Utopianist)]TJ
-8.58535 -1.18456 TD
0.067 Tw
(campus and colle)Tj
6.85307 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.47523 0 TD
(e)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 365.8143 386.6611 Tm
0 g
-0.0001 Tc
(.)Tj
0.56725 0 Td
0 Tc
(Ne)Tj
1.14103 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(w)Tj
1.0392 0 Td
0 Tc
(Ha)Tj
1.14612 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.4851 0 TD
0.067 Tw
[(en,)-317(CT)49(:)-227(Y)100(ale Uni)24(v)15(ersity)]TJ
-12.13584 -1.18458 TD
0 Tw
(Press. )Tj
-1 -1.58456 TD
0.117 Tw
[(Olson,)-367(G. (2002). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 355.6429 361.739 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.117 Tw
[(J)35(ustifying belief:)-352(Stanle)30(y F)44(ish and the)]TJ
-6.62699 -1.18457 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.65199 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.85892 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(k)Tj
0.6755 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.012 Tw
(of rhetor)Tj
3.404 0 TD
0 Tw
(ic)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 352.5388 351.0779 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
0.45673 0 TD
(Alban)Tj
2.42871 0 TD
(y)Tj
0.43506 0 TD
0.012 Tw
[(,)-262(NY)92(:)-262(State Uni)25(v)15(ersity of Ne)24(w)]TJ
-9.60258 -1.18457 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Y)110(ork Press. )]TJ
-1 -1.58456 TD
0.079 Tw
[(Petraglia,)-329(J. (2000). Shaping sophisticates:)-329(Implica)-1(tions)]TJ
1 -1.18457 TD
-0.017 Tw
(of the rhetor)Tj
4.90702 0 TD
[(ical turn for rhetorical education. In M. D)-1(.)]TJ
-4.90702 -1.18456 TD
0.046 Tw
(Goggin (Ed.),)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 348.8041 304.8338 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.046 Tw
[(In)40(venting a discipline:)-281(Rhetoric sc)15(holar-)]TJ
-5.86712 -1.18457 TD
-0.034 Tw
[(ship in honor of Ric)15(har)37(d E. )75(Y)91(oung)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 413.404 294.1727 Tm
0 g
-0.034 Tw
((pp. 80-104). Urbana,)Tj
-13.04489 -1.18455 TD
0.025 Tw
[(IL:)-275(Na)-1(tional Council of )18(T)70(eachers of English. )]TJ
-1 -1.58456 TD
0.1 Tw
[(Russell,)-350(D. (1995). )55(Acti)25(vity theory and writing instruc-)]TJ
1 -1.18456 TD
0.014 Tc
0.361 Tw
(tion. In J. Petraglia (Ed.),)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 409.0746 258.5896 Tm
0 g
-0.001 Tc
0.361 Tw
[(Reconceiving writing)9(,)]TJ
-12.56384 -1.18456 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.267 Tw
[(r)37(ethinking writing instruction)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 407.5643 247.9286 Tm
0 g
0.267 Tw
[((pp. 51-77). Mahw)10(ah,)]TJ
-12.39604 -1.18456 TD
0 Tw
(Ne)Tj
1.14087 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(w)Tj
0.99685 0 Td
(J)Tj
0.389 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(erse)14(y:)-275(La)15(wr)-1(ence Erlbaum )55(Associates. )]TJ
-3.52671 -1.58458 TD
0 Tw
(Shoham)Tj
3.27759 -0.00001 TD
-0.014 Tw
[(y)65(,)-237(E.,)-236(Gordon,)-237(C. M.,)-236(& Kraemer)39(,)-236(R. (1992). )17(T)1(he)]TJ
-2.27759 -1.18456 TD
0.063 Tw
[(ef)25(fect of rater)-1<73D5>-238(bac)-1(kgr)1(ound and training on the relia)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.18455 TD
0.201 Tw
(bility of dir)Tj
4.95623 0.00001 TD
(ect wr)Tj
2.67099 0 TD
(iting tests. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 407.5064 201.6844 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.54091 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.201 Tw
(he Moder)Tj
3.94015 0 TD
(n)Tj
0.92074 0 Td
0 Tw
[(Langua)10(g)10(e)]TJ
-17.7914 -1.18457 TD
0 Tc
(J)Tj
0.40395 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(our)Tj
1.34392 0.00001 TD
(nal)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 322.8263 191.0234 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 327.5513 191.0234 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(76)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 336.2813 191.0234 Tm
0 g
((1),)Tj
1.69053 0.00001 TD
(27-33. )Tj
-7.16623 -1.58457 TD
0.03 Tw
[(W)80(alshock,)-280(M. L. (1995). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 378.8361 176.7623 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.03 Tw
[(Knowledg)10(e without boundaries:)]TJ
-9.20401 -1.18456 TD
0.238 Tw
[(What )18(America\325)39(s r)37(esear)37(c)15(h univer)10(sities can do f)-1(or the)]TJ
0 -1.18457 TD
-0.007 Tc
0.367 Tw
[(economy)55(,)-609(the work)1(p)1(l)1(a)1(c)1(e)10(,)-609(and the commu)1(n)1(i)1(t)1(y)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 469.4215 155.4402 Tm
0 g
0.0076 Tc
(.)Tj
0.8825 0 Td
0.008 Tc
(San)Tj
-20.15156 -1.18456 TD
0 Tc
[(Francisco:)-275(Josse)15(y-Bass. )]TJ
-1 -1.58456 TD
0.172 Tw
[(W)80(enger)39(,)-422(E. (1998). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 362.0466 130.5182 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.172 Tw
[(Communities of pr)15(actice:)-408(Learning)10(,)]TJ
-7.33851 -1.18456 TD
0.005 Tc
0.698 Tw
(meaning and identity)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 385.4387 119.8572 Tm
0 g
0.0199 Tc
(.)Tj
1.23734 0 Td
0.02 Tc
(Cambr)Tj
2.82161 0.00001 TD
[(idge:)-968(Cambridge)]TJ
-13.99658 -1.18458 TD
0 Tc
(Uni)Tj
1.47486 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.4851 0.00001 TD
(er)Tj
0.77661 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(sity Pr)Tj
2.60826 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ess. )Tj
-6.34482 -1.58458 TD
0.214 Tw
[(W)80(enger)39(,)-464(E.,)-463(McDer)-1(mott,)-464(R.,)-463(& Sn)14(yder)40(,)-434(W)92(.M. (2002).)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 84.274 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.021 Tw
[(Cultivating communities of pr)15(actice:)-239(A guide to mana)10(g-)]TJ
0 -1.18456 TD
-0.009 Tc
0.369 Tw
(ing kno)Tj
3.27881 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(wledg)Tj
2.33486 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 350.4383 73.613 Tm
0 g
0.0061 Tc
(.)Tj
0.88108 0 Td
0.006 Tc
(Boston:)Tj
3.78 0.00001 TD
(Har)Tj
1.5171 0.00001 TD
0.369 Tw
[(v)25(ar)-1(d Business School)]TJ
-12.22688 -1.18457 TD
0 Tc
0 Tw
(Pr)Tj
0.88867 0.00001 TD
(ess. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(F)75(eldman et al.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 28)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
29 0 obj
<<
/Length 6282
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(29)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 268.6251 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Impact of P)80(artner)9(ship-Center)37(ed,)-275(Community-Based Learning)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 62 699.7092 Tm
0 g
0.085 Tw
[(W)40(ie)25(wel,)-306(W)92(. & Broski,)-336(D. (1999). )18(The gr)1(ea)-1(t cities insti-)]TJ
1 -1.16667 TD
0.053 Tw
[(tute:)-303(Dilemmas of implementing the urban land grant)]TJ
-0.0001 Tc
(m)'
0.77792 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0 Tw
(ission. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 103.727 678.7092 Tm
0 g
-0.0152 Tc
(M)Tj
0.81778 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(etr)45(opolitan Univer)9(sities)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 193.3105 678.7092 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 198.0355 678.7092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(1)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
(0)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 206.7656 678.7092 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.525 0.00001 TD
(29-38. )Tj
-16.61007 -1.56667 TD
(W)Tj
0.89404 0.00001 TD
0.113 Tw
[(urr)40(,)-308(A. (2002). )18(T)70(e)15(xt-based measures of ser)-1(vice-learn-)]TJ
0.10596 -1.16667 TD
0.179 Tw
[(ing writing quality)65(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 146.7328 654.1093 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.179 Tw
(Reflections on Community-Based)Tj
-8.41476 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(Writing)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 97.5516 643.6093 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 102.2766 643.6093 Tm
0 g
(2)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 106.6416 643.6093 Tm
0 g
[((2),)-275(41-56. )]TJ
-4.96018 -1.56667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(Z)Tj
0.61088 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.114 Tw
[(lotk)10(o)25(wski,)-364(E. (2000). Ser)-1(vice-learning research in the)]TJ
0.38913 -1.16667 TD
0.017 Tc
0 Tw
(disciplines. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 119.2668 619.0092 Tm
0 g
0.003 Tc
0.357 Tw
[(Th)2(e )1(M)1(i)2(c)15(higan J)25(ournal of Commu)1(n)1(i)1(t)1(y)]TJ
-5.36298 -1.16667 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Service Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 130.7929 608.5092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(,)-275(Special Issue,)-275(61-67. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 146.2821 589.8693 Tm
0 g
(Authors)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 572.1693 Tm
0 g
0.172 Tw
[(ANN M. FELDMAN is associate prof)-1(essor)1( of)]TJ
-0.9 -1.05001 TD
0.25 Tw
[(English at the Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity of Illinois at Chicago)]TJ
0 -1.05 TD
0.018 Tw
[((UIC) where she studies socio-cogniti)24(v)15(e approach-)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(es to learning,)-275(genre theory)65(,)-275(and writing in the dis-)]TJ
T*
0.015 Tc
0.36 Tw
[(ciplines and directs UIC\325)55(s Fi)1(rst-Y)100(ear )30(W)1(riting)]TJ
0 -1.05001 TD
0.02 Tc
0.469 Tw
[(Program and the Chicago Ci)25(vic Leadership)]TJ
T*
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Certif)19(icate Program.)]TJ
0.9 -1.05 TD
-0.012 Tw
[(T)18(OM MOSS,)-238(associate director of the UIC Fir)-1(st-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.05 TD
0.136 Tw
[(Y)100(ear )30(Wr)-1(iting Program and assessment liaison for)]TJ
T*
0.012 Tw
[(CCLCP)111(,)-263(is a graduate student in the Department of)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(Communication.)Tj
0.9 -1.05 TD
0.302 Tw
[(DIANE CHIN,)-552(a Ph.D. candidate in English)]TJ
-0.9 -1.05 TD
0.217 Tw
[(Studies at UIC,)-467(is full-time assistant director of)]TJ
T*
0.054 Tw
[(CCLCP; her dissertation \(in pr)-1(ogr)1(ess\) is a rhetori-)]TJ
T*
0.077 Tw
[(cal analysis of adv)20(ocac)14(y for and resistance to ser-)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(vice-learning in higher education.)Tj
0.9 -1.05 TD
0.237 Tw
[(MEGAN MARIE,)-487(a Ph.D. student in English)]TJ
-0.9 -1.05 TD
0.165 Tw
[(Studies at UIC,)-415(is planning a disserta)-1(tion on the)]TJ
T*
0.207 Tw
[(rhetoric of \322service\323)-458(in postmodernity; a former)]TJ
T*
0.059 Tw
[(CCLCP instructor)40(,)-310(she no)25(w teaches at Malcolm X)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(Colle)15(ge,)-275(one of the Chicago City Colle)15(ges. )]TJ
0.9 -1.05 TD
-0.013 Tw
[(CANDICE S. RAI,)-237(a Ph. D. candidate in English)]TJ
-0.9 -1.05 TD
0.019 Tw
[(Studies at UIC,)-270(is writing a dissertation on democ-)]TJ
T*
0.215 Tw
[(ratic theory and the rhetoric of adv)20(ocac)15(y in the)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(public sphere and teaching in CCLCP)111(.)]TJ
0.9 -1.05 TD
-0.017 Tc
0.367 Tw
[(REBECCA GRAHAM,)-600(a second-year English)]TJ
-0.9 -1.05 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.172 Tw
[(Studies M.A. student at the UIC,)-397(has an interest in)]TJ
T*
-0.003 Tw
[(composition,)-222(rhetoric,)-222(and community-based learning,)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(as w)Tj
1.72971 -0.00001 TD
(ell as Renaissance and Romantic literature. )Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 29)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
30 0 obj
<<
/Length 11958
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(30)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61.9198 716.0527 Tm
0 g
-0.0003 Tc
(M)Tj
0.83272 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(ic)15(higan J)24(ournal of Community Service Learning)-19151(F)75(all 2006,)-275(pp. 30-43)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 80 373.5555 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(I)Tj
0.5688 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.016 Tw
[(think a great partnership is w)-1(hen you stop say-)]TJ
-0.5688 -1.20882 TD
0.088 Tw
[(ing MY students. )18(The)15<79D5>49(re OUR students. )30(What)]TJ
T*
0.068 Tw
[(are OUR needs? )29(W)80(e share these things in com-)]TJ
0 -1.20881 TD
0.025 Tw
[(mon,)-260(so let\325)55(s go for it. )]TJ
9.99627 -1.20882 TD
[(\321Community P)15(ar)-1(tner)]TJ
-9.99627 -2.00881 TD
0 Tc
(Y)Tj
0.60931 0 TD
-0.013 Tc
0 Tw
(es,)Tj
1.65447 0 TD
0.373 Tw
[([the community-campus partner)-1(ship] is)]TJ
-2.26378 -1.20883 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42884 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.054 Tw
[(bout or)18(g)5(aniza)-1(tions,)-289(it\325)55(s about students,)-289(b)19(ut it is)]TJ
-0.42884 -1.20883 TD
0.286 Tw
[(about common v)25(alues that are m)-1(uch deeper)55(.)]TJ
0 -1.20881 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.92884 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.134 Tw
[(hat we\325)49(re learning to do,)-369(whether we\325)50(re stu-)]TJ
-0.92884 -1.20882 TD
0.216 Tw
(dents or w)Tj
4.44818 0.00001 TD
(hether w)Tj
3.56667 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
<65D5>Tj
0.69681 0.00001 TD
0.216 Tw
[(re a non-prof)20(it,)-452(is doing)]TJ
-8.71166 -1.20884 TD
0.073 Tw
[(something that is actually mo)15(ving us as a com-)]TJ
0 -1.20882 TD
0.179 Tw
[(munity)65(,)-414(a path of ac)-1(hie)25(ving process along the)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(conte)15(xt of what w)-1(e care about. )]TJ
9.99627 -1.20882 TD
[(\321Community P)15(ar)-1(tner)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 193.9651 Tm
0 g
(W)Tj
0.93885 0.00001 TD
-0.005 Tc
(ha)Tj
0.93385 0.00001 TD
-0.0051 Tc
(t)Tj
0.56822 0 Td
-0.005 Tc
0.05 Tw
[(w)10(ould we hear if w)-1(e listened to communi-)]TJ
-3.34092 -1.18795 TD
0.25 Tw
[(ty partners about their e)14(xperiences in partnering)]TJ
0 -1.18794 TD
0.011 Tw
(with academic institutions? )Tj
11.05318 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.85901 0.00001 TD
-0.005 Tc
(e)Tj
0.69449 0 Td
0 Tw
(kno)Tj
1.46005 0.00001 TD
-0.0051 Tc
(w)Tj
0.97237 0 Td
-0.005 Tc
(tha)Tj
1.20682 0 TD
-0.0051 Tc
(t)Tj
0.52841 0 Td
-0.005 Tc
(eng)Tj
1.42397 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.43885 0.00001 TD
(g)Tj
0.49501 0.00001 TD
-0.005 Tc
(ing)Tj
-19.13216 -1.18798 TD
0.097 Tw
[(in relationships with member)-1(s from local commu-)]TJ
0 -1.18794 TD
0.294 Tw
(nities is central to the higher education agenda)Tj
T*
0 Tw
(\(Maur)Tj
2.4733 0.00001 TD
(asse)Tj
1.64554 0.00001 TD
0.073 Tw
[(,)-318(2001\) and man)15(y scholars \(e.g.,)-318(Benson)]TJ
-4.11884 -1.18795 TD
-0.0052 Tc
(&)Tj
0.98595 0 Td
-0.005 Tc
-0.032 Tw
[(Harka)19(vy)65(,)-213(2000; Bo)10(yer)39(,)-213(1990; Bringle,)-213(1999; Enos)]TJ
-0.9859 -1.1879 TD
-0.0051 Tc
(&)Tj
1.0914 0 Td
-0.005 Tc
0.074 Tw
[(Morton,)-319(2003\) adv)20(ocate f)-1(or community-campus)]TJ
-1.0914 -1.1879 TD
0.089 Tw
[(partnerships to become a mor)-1(e intentional compo-)]TJ
T*
0.2 Tw
(nent of actualizing the service mission of higher)Tj
T*
0.199 Tw
[(education. In particular)39(,)-443(community-campus par)-1(t)1(-)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(ner)Tj
1.2616 0 TD
0.087 Tw
(ships ha)Tj
3.277 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4801 0 TD
-0.0051 Tc
(e)Tj
0.771 0 Td
-0.005 Tc
[(become recognized as link)9(ed to ser-)]TJ
16.71029 30.9851 TD
0.16 Tw
[(vice-learning initiati)24(v)15(es for pro)15(viding the service-)]TJ
0 -1.19187 TD
0.102 Tw
[(learning e)15(xper)-1(ience for students and e)25(v)25(aluating its)]TJ
T*
0.297 Tw
[(impact \(Bailis,)-542(2002; Bringle & Hatcher)39(,)-542(2002;)]TJ
T*
0.01 Tw
[(Dorado &Giles,)-255(2004; Gelmon et al.,)-256(1998; Jacoby)65(,)]TJ
0 -1.19188 TD
0.088 Tw
[(2003; Jones,)-333(2003\). In the absence of community-)]TJ
0 -1.19187 TD
[(campus partnerships,)-333(it is dif)25(f)20(icult to ima)-1(gine ho)25(w)]TJ
T*
0.047 Tw
[(service-learning might e)24(v)15(en e)15(xist. )18(The sustainabili-)]TJ
T*
-0.021 Tw
[(ty of community partnerships with higher educa)-1(tion)]TJ
T*
0.192 Tw
[(institutions requires attention to their moti)24(v)25(ations)]TJ
T*
0.023 Tw
(and per)Tj
2.95856 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ce)Tj
0.8777 0.00001 TD
0.023 Tw
(ptions of the benef)Tj
7.42399 0.00001 TD
[(its of the partners fr)-1(om)]TJ
-11.26025 -1.1919 TD
0.156 Tw
(their o)Tj
2.67854 0.00001 TD
(wn per)Tj
2.8747 0.00001 TD
0.126 Tw
[(specti)25(v)15(e,)-401(ho)25(we)25(v)15(er)54(. While )-30(reciprocity)]TJ
-5.55324 -1.19188 TD
0.22 Tw
[(of benef)20(its f)-1(or the community has long been an)]TJ
0 -1.19187 TD
0.012 Tc
0.358 Tw
(intended hallmar)Tj
7.29516 0.00001 TD
0.0118 Tc
(k)Tj
1.13167 0 Td
0.012 Tc
(of ser)Tj
2.67776 0.00001 TD
(vice-learning practice)Tj
-11.10459 -1.19188 TD
-0.005 Tc
0.292 Tw
[(\(Fer)-1(rari & Chapman,)-537(1999; Honnet & Poulsen;)]TJ
0 -1.19187 TD
0.01 Tc
0.36 Tw
(1989; K)Tj
3.65391 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(eith,)Tj
2.41872 0.00001 TD
0.36 Tw
(1998; Sigmon,)Tj
6.99751 0.00001 TD
0.33 Tw
[(1979; W)80(aterman,)]TJ
-13.07014 -1.19189 TD
-0.005 Tc
0.209 Tw
[(1997\),)-454(service-learning practitioners often do not)]TJ
0 -1.19187 TD
0.025 Tw
(often kno)Tj
3.75957 0 TD
-0.0052 Tc
(w)Tj
0.98668 0 Td
-0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(if)Tj
0.60085 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.51501 0.00001 TD
(w)Tj
0.71692 0.00001 TD
-0.005 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(hen,)-270(and ho)25(w this is achie)24(v)15(ed. )]TJ
-5.67903 -1.1919 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.014 Tw
[(T)80(o date,)-222(there are fe)25(w published studies document-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.19187 TD
0.038 Tw
(ing the per)Tj
4.18701 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(specti)Tj
2.21738 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.038 Tw
(es of comm)Tj
4.59092 0 TD
(unity members in part-)Tj
-11.46542 -1.1919 TD
0.004 Tw
[(nership with uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sities,)-239(and the f)20(ield ackno)25(wledges)]TJ
0 -1.19187 TD
0 Tw
(tha)Tj
1.17668 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.47911 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.019 Tw
(this ar)Tj
2.34763 0 TD
(ea contin)Tj
3.48356 0 TD
(ues to be under)Tj
5.78035 0.00001 TD
[(-repr)-1(esented in the)]TJ
-13.26733 -1.1919 TD
0.336 Tw
[(o)15(v)15(er)-1(all service-learning literature \(Birdsall,)-571(2005;)]TJ
0 -1.19188 TD
0 Tw
(Br)Tj
0.96976 0.00001 TD
0.045 Tw
(ingle & Ha)Tj
4.38337 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tc)Tj
0.69168 0.00001 TD
(her)Tj
1.19182 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.51512 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.045 Tw
(2002; Bushouse)Tj
6.25164 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.51513 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(2005; Edw)10(ar)-1(ds)]TJ
-14.51852 -1.19191 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(&)Tj
1.08271 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.085 Tw
[(Marullo,)-320(2000; Fer)-1(r)1(ar)-1(i & )30(W)80(or)-1(r)1(all,)-320(2000; Giles &)]TJ
-1.08271 -1.19187 TD
0 Tw
(Cr)Tj
0.96976 0.00001 TD
(uz,)Tj
1.60985 0.00001 TD
0.226 Tw
(2000; J)Tj
3.03775 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ones,)Tj
2.46877 0.00001 TD
0.226 Tw
(2003; Lieder)Tj
5.18298 0.00001 TD
(man et al.,)Tj
4.91305 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(2003;)Tj
-18.18216 -1.19191 TD
0.086 Tw
[(Sandy)65(,)-322(2005; )50(V)111(ernon & )29(W)80(ard,)-321(1999; )29(W)80(ard & )30(W)80(olf-)]TJ
0 -1.19187 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.84901 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(endel,)Tj
2.69673 0.00001 TD
(2000\). )Tj
2.84614 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.136 Tw
(he g)Tj
1.77004 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
(o)Tj
0.4601 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(wing number of academics)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
14 0 0 14 97.5689 675.2144 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Dif)1(fe)-1(r)19(ent )31(W)74(o)-1(rlds and Common Gr)19(ound:)-259(C)-1(o)-1(m)-1(m)1(unity P)11(a)-1(r)1(tner)]TJ
2.27364 -1.14286 TD
[(P)20(e)-1(r)1(specti)10(v)10(es on Campus-Comm)1(unity P)11(a)-1(r)1(tner)1(ships)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 248.9895 629.5566 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(M)-1(a)-1(r)1(ie Sand)1(y)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 219.7716 617.5567 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(California Campus Compact)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 234.6604 587.899 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
-0.031 Tw
[(Barbar)1(a A. )-56(Holland)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 194.4495 575.899 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(National Service-Learning Clearinghouse)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 97 533.399 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.015 Tw
[(This qualitative study includes focus g)-1(r)45(oup r)37(esear)37(c)15(h in)40(volving 99 e)20(xperienced comm)-1(unity partner)10(s acr)45(oss)]TJ
-1 -1.16667 TD
0.194 Tw
[(eight California communities using community-based r)36(esear)37(c)15(h tec)15(hniques to captur)37(e community voices)]TJ
T*
0.112 Tw
[(about their service-learning partner)9(ships with dif)18(fer)37(ent colle)40(g)9(es and univer)10(sities. P)80(artner)9(s commented on)]TJ
T*
0.03 Tw
(their per)Tj
3.35648 0.00001 TD
[(spectives r)37(e)40(gar)36(ding motiv)1(ations,)-266(benef)20(its to the academic institution and to their own or)37(ganization,)]TJ
-3.35648 -1.16667 TD
0.046 Tw
[(impacts on student learning)10(,)-281(and ar)36(eas for impr)45(o)10(ving partner)10(ships. )17(The analysis af)18(f)20(irms the c)15(har)14(acteristics)]TJ
T*
0.093 Tw
[(of ef)18(fective partner)9(ships of multiple well-established models of ef)18(fective partner)9(ships de)15(veloped by higher)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(educa)Tj
2.3127 0 TD
(tion,)Tj
1.96791 0 TD
0 Tc
(b)Tj
0.46522 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.002 Tw
(ut r)Tj
1.32213 0 TD
[(e)15(veal that community partner)10(s have a specif)19(ic sense of prioritization among partner)10(ship fac)-1(-)]TJ
-6.06797 -1.16668 TD
-0.011 Tw
[(tor)10(s. In addition,)-224(partner)9(s r)37(e)15(vealed a surprising depth of under)10(standing and commitment to student learning)9(,)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0.05 Tw
[(the \322common gr)45(ound\323)-285(of the service-learning e)19(xperience)15(. Community partner)9(s also voiced c)15(halleng)10(es and)]TJ
0 Tc
(r)'
0.33706 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ecommenda)Tj
4.64039 0 TD
-0.029 Tw
(tions f)Tj
2.3381 0 TD
(or their higher educa)Tj
8.1227 0 TD
[(tion partner)10(s to tr)14(ansform service-learning partner)10(ship r)36(elationships)]TJ
-15.43824 -1.16668 TD
0.025 Tw
[(to bridg)10(e their )-1(\322dif)18(fer)37(ent worlds,)140-260(and enhance learning)9(,)-260(r)37(ecipr)45(ocity)55(,)-260(and sustainability)55(.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 30)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
31 0 obj
<<
/Length 14637
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(31)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 349.7811 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Dif)18(fer)36(ent )40(W)92(orlds and Common Gr)45(ound)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.005 Tc
0.365 Tw
[(and practitioners who v)19(oice concern about the)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.104 Tw
[(absence of the community perspecti)25(v)15(e in the liter)-1(a)1(-)]TJ
T*
-0.024 Tw
[(ture may be indicati)24(v)15(e of a gro)25(wing openness to learn)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.025 Tw
[(more about the perspecti)24(v)15(es of community members)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.01 Tw
[(and a willingness to transfor)-1(m our practice in light of)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.02 Tw
[(their input. Ho)25(we)25(v)15(er)39(,)-255(Cruz and Giles (2000) indicate)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.152 Tw
[(that there ar)-1(e complicated political and intellectual)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.031 Tw
[(reasons wh)5(y the perspecti)25(v)15(es of comm)-1(unity partners)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.203 Tw
[(continue to be under)20(-r)-1(epresented in the f)20(ield. )17(T)1(he)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.016 Tw
[(notion of \322community\323)-252(itself as a concept is contest-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.081 Tw
[(ed \(e.g.,)-317(Stoeck)10(er)39(,)-316(2005; )18(T)45(umiel-Berhalter)39(,)-286(W)80(aktins,)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(&)Tj
1.09807 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.1 Tw
[(Crespo,)-336(2005; )30(W)80(ellman,)-335(2001\),)-336(which has led to)]TJ
-1.09807 -1.15789 TD
0.134 Tw
[(some paralysis in the r)-1(esearch community at-lar)18(ge.)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.131 Tw
[(Ho)25(we)25(v)15(er)39(,)-366(the f)10(ailure to grapple with understanding)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.008 Tw
[(the community perspecti)25(v)14(e may ha)20(v)15(e potentially dire)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.001 Tw
(consequences because there is considerable room for)Tj
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.009 Tc
0.369 Tw
(misunderstanding between higher education and)Tj
0 -1.15791 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.14 Tw
[(community partners,)-376(a di)25(vide that is e)25(vident in the)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.025 Tw
[(language higher education practitioners often use)-1(. )]TJ
0.9 -1.1579 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(A)Tj
1.26074 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.319 Tw
(common metaphor used by service-learning)Tj
-2.16074 -1.15789 TD
0.172 Tw
[(practitioners to fr)-1(ame their thinking about the ser-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.127 Tw
[(vice-learning e)15(xperience is )-1(\322boundary crossing,)70-362(or)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(\322boundar)Tj
3.60046 0 TD
(y)Tj
0.7637 0 Td
(w)Tj
0.69724 0 TD
(or)Tj
0.80277 0 TD
0.044 Tw
[(k,)70-279(entering another w)10(or)-1(ld where dif-)]TJ
-5.86417 -1.15791 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74662 0 TD
0.236 Tw
(ent r)Tj
1.96509 0 TD
(ules a)Tj
2.4501 0 TD
[(pply \(Hayes & Cuban,)-471(1997; K)25(eith,)]TJ
-5.47957 -1.1579 TD
0.13 Tw
(1998; McMillan,)Tj
7.04721 0 TD
(2002; Skilton-Sylv)Tj
7.42903 0 TD
(ester & Erwin,)Tj
-14.47624 -1.15791 TD
0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(2000; )Tj
2.93171 0 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.536 0 TD
(a)Tj
0.44885 0 TD
0.005 Tc
0.392 Tw
[(ylor)40(,)-647(2002\). Service-learning is often)]TJ
-3.91656 -1.1579 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.08 Tw
[(described as a metaphorical )-1(\322bridge\323)-315(between these)]TJ
T*
0.288 Tw
[(tw)10(o w)9(orlds or speech communities or)39(,)-522(as Henr)-1(y)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.146 Tw
[(Giroux (1992) might describe it,)-382(akin to a \322border)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.007 Tw
[(pedagogy\323)-229(w)1(her)-1(e one must be f)10(amiliar with the rules)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.136 Tw
(and norms of both so that we might become more)Tj
0 -1.1579 TD
0.093 Tw
[(ef)25(fecti)24(v)15(e border crossers. )30(What do we kno)24(w)65(,)-327(v)14(ersus)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.28 Tw
[(what do we assume to kno)25(w about these )-1(\322other)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.055 Tw
[(w)10(orlds\323)-290(with whom w)-1(e are entwined in the w)10(ork of)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(ser)Tj
1.12053 0 TD
(vice-lear)Tj
3.36159 0 TD
(ning? )Tj
2.38241 0 TD
0 Tc
(V)Tj
0.59609 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(er)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.7703 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.051 Tw
(little is wr)Tj
3.97576 0 TD
(itten a)Tj
2.41674 0 TD
(bout the per)Tj
4.6972 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06723 -1.15792 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.099 Tw
[(specti)25(v)15(e of this \322other w)9(orld\323)-335(that higher education)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.258 Tw
(wishes to eng)Tj
5.75845 -0.00001 TD
[(age. In an ef)25(fort to f)10(acilitate better)]TJ
-5.75845 -1.15789 TD
0.103 Tw
[(crossings for thinking and comm)-1(unicating together)40(,)]TJ
T*
0.036 Tw
(Nora Bacon (2002) outlined the distinctions in theo-)Tj
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.015 Tw
[(ries of learning between higher education f)10(aculty and)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.164 Tw
[(staf)25(f and community par)-1(tner agenc)15(y staf)25(f. Bringle,)]TJ
T*
0.002 Tw
[(Games and Mallo)10(y (1999) also describe comm)-1(unity-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.037 Tw
[(uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity partnerships as bringing together dif)24(f)1(er)-1(ent)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.69716 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.80276 0 TD
0.171 Tw
(lds w)Tj
2.2345 0 TD
[(here academicians generall)-1(y vie)25(w kno)25(wl-)]TJ
-3.73442 -1.15792 TD
0.191 Tw
[(edge as \322r)-1(esiding in specialized e)15(xperts,)-426(including)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(disciplinar)Tj
4.05571 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.80173 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(peer)Tj
1.66068 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.69079 0 Td
(w)Tj
0.707 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.082 Tw
(ho are geographically dispersed)Tj
-7.91591 -1.15792 TD
0.089 Tw
[(and community residents [who] vie)25(w kno)24(wledge as)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.24 Tw
(being plur)Tj
4.17202 0 TD
(alistic and w)Tj
5.3382 0.00001 TD
[(ell distrib)19(uted among their)]TJ
-9.51022 -1.15791 TD
0.025 Tw
[(neighbors\323)-260((pp. 9-10).)]TJ
0.9 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
0.04 Tw
(Higher educa)Tj
5.39829 0 TD
[(tion and \322community\323)-291(certainly do)]TJ
-6.29829 -1.15791 TD
0.173 Tw
[(not represent monocultures,)-424(of course. )18(There are)]TJ
T*
0.131 Tw
[(distinctions in moti)25(v)25(ations and percei)24(v)15(ed benef)20(its)]TJ
T*
0.02 Tc
0.365 Tw
[(among v)25(ar)-1(ious higher education practitioners)]TJ
T*
0 Tc
0.066 Tw
[(\(Holland,)-316(2002\) and we might well anticipate tha)-1(t)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(ther)Tj
1.5544 0 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(e)Tj
0.7961 0 Td
0 Tc
(ar)Tj
0.7768 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.7962 0 Td
0 Tc
(di)Tj
0.753 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.4851 0 TD
(er)Tj
0.77662 0.00001 TD
0.102 Tw
(se vie)Tj
2.38195 0.00001 TD
[(ws about the moti)25(v)25(ations and)]TJ
-8.3202 -1.1579 TD
0.064 Tw
[(percei)24(v)15(ed benef)20(its of those indi)25(viduals from agen)-1(-)]TJ
22.5 63.68422 TD
0.16 Tw
(cies partnering with institutions of higher educa-)Tj
0 -1.15789 TD
0.059 Tw
[(tion. )18(The goal of this study is to better understand)]TJ
T*
0.17 Tw
[(the di)25(v)15(er)-1(se perspecti)25(v)15(es of long-term community)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.209 Tw
[(partners colla)-1(bora)1(ting with institu)-1(tions of higher)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.271 Tw
[(education,)-521(and to identify partner recommenda-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.048 Tw
[(tions for w)10(ays to transf)-1(orm higher education prac-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.015 Tw
[(tice to strengthen mature and well-esta)-1(blished part-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.009 Tc
0.366 Tw
[(n)1(e)1(r)1(ships. )18(This qualitat)1(i)25(v)16(e study)65(,)-625(sponsored by)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
0.068 Tw
[(California Campus Compact thr)-1(ough a gr)1(ant from)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.011 Tc
0.364 Tw
(the Corporation for National and Community)Tj
0 -1.15789 TD
0.02 Tc
0.588 Tw
[(Service,)-859(Learn and Serv)15(e )55(Amer)-1(ica Higher)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0 Tc
0.276 Tw
[(Education,)-526(documented the partnership perspec-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.042 Tw
[(ti)25(v)14(es of 99 e)15(xperienced community partners w)9(ork-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.019 Tw
[(ing with eight di)25(v)15(er)-1(se higher education institutions)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.011 Tw
[(in California. )17(T)1(hese par)-1(tners were primar)-1(ily super-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.017 Tw
[(visors and staf)25(f members fr)-1(om nonprof)20(it communi-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.036 Tw
[(ty-based or)18(g)5(aniza)-1(tions and public institutions such)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.025 Tw
[(as librar)-1(ies,)-275(hospitals,)-275(and K-12 institutions. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15789 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.036 Tw
[(As recommended \(Cruz & Giles,)-199(2000\),)-199(our unit of)]TJ
-0.9 -1.1579 TD
0.349 Tw
[(analysis w)10(as the comm)-1(unity-campus partnership,)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.264 Tw
[(percei)24(v)15(ed through the lens of community partner)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.245 Tw
[(e)15(yes. Our research considers community perspec)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(ti)Tj
0.50076 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.107 Tw
(es on ef)Tj
3.17937 0 TD
[(fecti)25(v)15(e partner)-1(ship characteristics as well)]TJ
-4.15024 -1.15791 TD
0.006 Tw
(as their o)Tj
3.50128 0 TD
(wn v)Tj
1.89771 0 TD
(oices r)Tj
2.53778 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.41396 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(g)5(ar)-1(ding the benef)20(it,)-241(c)1(halleng)-1(es,)]TJ
-8.35073 -1.1579 TD
-0.016 Tw
(and moti)Tj
3.3662 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4601 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(ations the)15(y ha)20(v)15(e r)-1(e)15(g)5(arding partnership with)]TJ
-3.8263 -1.15791 TD
0.039 Tw
(an academic institution. Re)Tj
10.58189 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.48012 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
0.039 Tw
[(ding partnership char)-1(-)]TJ
-11.80862 -1.1579 TD
0.044 Tw
[(acteristics,)-280(we place this study in the conte)15(xt of four)]TJ
T*
0.308 Tw
[(di)25(v)15(er)-1(se models \(Community-Campus P)15(artner)-1(ships)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.005 Tc
0.389 Tw
[(for Health,)-644(1998; Holland & Ramale)15(y)65(,)-644(1998;)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.211 Tw
[(Liederman et al.,)-446(2003; )18(T)80(orres,)-446(2000\) of ef)25(fecti)25(v)15(e)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.37 Tw
[(campus-community partnerships \(Holland)-1(,)-604(2005\).)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.14 Tw
[(Since those models were de)24(v)15(eloped lar)18(gely fr)-1(om a)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.151 Tw
[(higher education perspecti)25(v)14(e)1(,)-387(the research question)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.094 Tw
[(we addressed w)9(as ho)25(w well the community partner)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(per)Tj
1.23161 0 TD
(specti)Tj
2.21738 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.68351 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.02 Tw
(does or does not align with cur)Tj
11.98272 0 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ent mod)Tj
3.16417 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06725 -1.15792 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.034 Tw
[(els proposed by higher education. Re)15(g)4(arding partner)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(per)Tj
1.23161 -0.00001 TD
0.158 Tw
[(specti)25(v)15(es of the benef)19(its,)-393(moti)25(v)25(ations,)-394(and chal-)]TJ
-1.23161 -1.15789 TD
0.255 Tw
[(lenges of their partnership with academic institu)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.057 Tw
[(tions,)-292(we place this study in the conte)15(xt of the w)9(ork)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.018 Tw
[(on partnerships such as Liederman et al. and )29(W)80(orrall)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.156 Tw
[((2005) b)20(ut are br)-1(eaking ne)25(w ground re)15(g)5(arding our)]TJ
T*
0.339 Tw
[(method of documenting community v)20(oices fr)-1(om)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.133 Tw
(multiple institutions without the direct influence or)Tj
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(in)Tj
0.70804 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.46522 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(olv)Tj
1.21794 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(ement of higher education partners. )Tj
-1.4912 -1.15792 TD
0.055 Tw
[(The need for this research w)10(as identif)19(ied by prac-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(titioner)Tj
2.76794 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.59428 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.015 Tw
(in the f)Tj
2.66352 0.00001 TD
(ield dur)Tj
2.94774 0.00001 TD
[(ing a F)15(all 2004 retr)-1(eat for ser-)]TJ
-8.97348 -1.15792 TD
0.015 Tw
[(vice-learning professionals)-1( to learn from community)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(par)Tj
1.23161 0 TD
(tner)Tj
1.49445 0.00001 TD
(s)Tj
0.87505 0 Td
0.266 Tw
[(ho)25(w to impro)15(v)15(e their o)24(wn practice. )18(The)]TJ
-3.60111 -1.15791 TD
0.125 Tw
[(research team w)10(ork)9(ed to create a study design that)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.69716 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.231 Tw
[(ould ensure the collection of purel)-1(y community)]TJ
-0.69716 -1.15791 TD
0.208 Tw
[(partner perspecti)24(v)15(es to signif)20(icantly strengthen the)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.065 Tw
[(academic literature on this topic of partnership r)-1(ela-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.121 Tw
[(tionships while assisting these e)15(xperienced ser)-1(vice-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.091 Tw
[(learning prof)-1(essionals in deepening their w)10(ork. )18(The)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0 Tw
(stud)Tj
1.60675 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.93174 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(inc)Tj
1.17684 0.00001 TD
0.212 Tw
(luded comm)Tj
5.03309 0.00001 TD
(unity par)Tj
3.65918 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.49444 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.8207 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(tha)Tj
1.1768 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.70966 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.212 Tw
[(w)10(ould be)]TJ
-16.60921 -1.15793 TD
0.113 Tw
[(considered to be in the adv)25(anced stages of par)-1(tner-)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 31)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
32 0 obj
<<
/Length 14799
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(32)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Sandy &)-250(Holland)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.01 Tw
[(ship that,)-245(to ha)20(v)15(e such longe)25(vity)65(,)-245(w)10(ould ha)20(v)14(e consid-)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.076 Tw
[(erable kno)25(wledg)-1(e of partnership dynamics,)-311(barriers,)]TJ
T*
0.003 Tc
0.356 Tw
[(and f)10(acilitating f)9(actors. )18(T)-1(hese partnerships are)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.064 Tw
[(refer)-1(r)1(ed to as the \322f)19(inal\323)-299(\(T)80(or)-1(res,)-298(2000\),)-299(\322nur)-1(turing\323)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.311 Tw
[(\(Dorado & Giles,)-547(2004\) or in the \322cooperati)25(v)15<65D3>]TJ
T*
-0.012 Tc
0.372 Tw
[(and/or \322systematic and transfor)-1(mati)25(v)14<65D3>-610(\(Sock)9(ett,)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.086 Tw
(1998\) stages of partnership. Because of this sample)Tj
T*
0.034 Tw
[(selection,)-270(the conclusions here may or may not ha)20(v)15(e)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
0.202 Tw
[(implications for nascent partner)-1(ships. Due to staf)25(f)]TJ
T*
0.08 Tw
[(turno)15(v)15(er a)-1(t some or)18(g)5(anizations,)-315(some of the partici)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.115 Tw
[(pants themselv)15(es may ha)19(v)15(e been ne)25(w)65(,)-350(although the)]TJ
T*
0.101 Tw
[(partnership between the or)17(g)5(anization the)15(y represent)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
0.003 Tw
[(and the higher education institution w)10(ould ha)19(v)15(e been)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0 Tw
(well-established.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 125.6042 531.3203 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Literature Re)25(vie)24(w)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 512.5966 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.004 Tw
[(Man)15(y of the studies that ha)19(v)15(e in)40(v)20(olv)15(ed comm)-1(unity)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15238 TD
0.029 Tw
[(partner perspecti)24(v)15(es on the outcomes and benef)20(its of)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
0.182 Tw
[(the partnerships ha)19(v)15(e focused on v)25(arious par)-1(tners\325)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.41396 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(xper)Tj
1.71661 0 TD
-0.019 Tw
(iences with a single higher education institution)Tj
-2.13057 -1.15239 TD
0.057 Tw
[(\(e.g.,)-293(Birdsall,)-293(2005; Bushouse,)-292(2005; Clark)10(e,)-293(2003;)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.333 Tw
[(Ferrari & )29(W)80(orrall,)-568(2000; Jor)17(ge)1(,)-569(2003; Miron &)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(Moel)Tj
2.0506 0 TD
0 Tc
(y)Tj
0.42006 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.66497 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.195 Tw
(2005; Sc)Tj
3.60257 0 TD
(hmidt & Rob)Tj
5.50327 0 TD
0 Tc
(b)Tj
0.485 0 TD
(y)Tj
0.42006 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.66498 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(2002; )Tj
2.583 0 TD
0.195 Tw
[(V)111(ernon &)]TJ
-16.39451 -1.15241 TD
0.089 Tw
[(F)15(oster)40(,)-325(2002; )30(W)80(orrall,)-324(2005\). Some studies,)-325(such as)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
-0.003 Tc
0 Tw
(Sc)Tj
0.99475 0 TD
0.363 Tw
(hmidt and Rob)Tj
6.63681 0 TD
0 Tc
(b)Tj
0.4975 0 TD
-0.003 Tc
[(y)64(,)-610(and Skilton-Sylv)15(ester and)]TJ
-8.12906 -1.15239 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.291 Tw
[(Erwin (2000),)-526(describe the direct benef)19(its to the)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.02 Tw
[(\322clients\323)-256(the community partner entities serv)15(e,)-255(while)]TJ
T*
0.12 Tw
[(others focus on the perce)-1(ption of benef)20(its from the)]TJ
T*
-0.006 Tc
0.366 Tw
[(supervisors of service-lear)-1(ning students through)]TJ
0 Tc
(e)'
0.40395 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.46009 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(alua)Tj
1.60553 0 TD
0.222 Tw
[(tion data \(e.g.,)-458(Birdsall; Ferrari)-1( & )30(W)80(orrall\).)]TJ
-2.46957 -1.15239 TD
0.099 Tw
[(There are fe)25(wer studies that specif)19(ically look at the)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.043 Tw
[(partnership itself as the unit of anal)-1(ysis. Dorado and)]TJ
T*
0.249 Tw
[(Giles (2004) pro)15(vide an e)15(xcellent anal)-1(ysis of the)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(sta)Tj
1.0656 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.173 Tw
[(es and types of acti)25(vities that tend to occur at)]TJ
-1.5506 -1.1524 TD
0 Tw
(thr)Tj
1.0656 0 TD
0.197 Tw
(ee dif)Tj
2.33037 0 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
0.197 Tw
(ent le)Tj
2.27544 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(els of par)Tj
3.96392 0 TD
[(tnership that v)25(ar)-1(y o)15(v)15(er)]TJ
-11.16981 -1.1524 TD
0 Tw
(time)Tj
1.71735 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.6123 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.143 Tw
[(Clark)10(e cr)-1(eated and piloted a 3-\323I\323)-377(e)25(v)25(alua)-1(tion)]TJ
-2.32965 -1.15239 TD
0.3 Tw
(model f)Tj
3.27691 0 TD
[(or community partners w)9(orking with the)]TJ
-3.27691 -1.15238 TD
-0.024 Tw
(same higher education institution designed to capture)Tj
0 Tc
(f)'
0.29799 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.065 Tw
(indings r)Tj
3.45726 0.00001 TD
(elated to community impact as process. In)Tj
-3.75525 -1.15239 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(a)Tj
0.87982 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(stud)Tj
1.60676 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.93588 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.216 Tw
(sponsored by the Council of Independent)Tj
-3.42246 -1.15239 TD
0.259 Tw
[(Colle)15(ges,)-495(Liederman et al. (2003) spok)10(e with 19)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.068 Tw
[(community partner leaders fr)-1(om around the country)]TJ
T*
0.03 Tw
[(in a tw)10(o-day summit to identify elements of par)-1(tner-)]TJ
T*
0.041 Tw
[(ships,)-276(common benef)20(its,)-276(challenges,)-275(and r)-1(ecommen-)]TJ
T*
0.13 Tw
[(dations for practice)-1(. Similarly)65(,)-334(W)80(or)-1(r)1(all de)24(v)15(eloped a)]TJ
T*
0.032 Tw
[(case study comprised of the perspecti)24(v)15(es of 40 com-)]TJ
T*
0.096 Tw
[(munity partners w)10(or)-1(king with DeP)15(aul Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity in)]TJ
T*
0.021 Tw
[(Illinois where she e)14(xamined benef)20(its,)-256(challenges and)]TJ
T*
-0.01 Tc
0 Tw
(moti)Tj
1.76862 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4651 0.00001 TD
(a)Tj
0.43385 0.00001 TD
-0.01 Tc
0.37 Tw
(tions f)Tj
2.82738 0.00001 TD
(or par)Tj
2.6694 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.51447 0.00001 TD
<73D5>Tj
1.23771 0 TD
0.37 Tw
[(in)40(v)19(olv)15(ement. Bushouse)]TJ
-10.91653 -1.15242 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.13 Tw
((2005) also identif)Tj
7.34114 0 TD
(ied benef)Tj
3.66721 0.00001 TD
(its and barriers to cam-)Tj
-11.00835 -1.15239 TD
-0.005 Tw
[(pus-community partnerships among small nonprof)19(its)]TJ
0 Tc
(a)'
0.4288 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.8253 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.327 Tw
(the Uni)Tj
3.169 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.7466 0 TD
0.327 Tw
[(sity of Massachusetts-Amherst,)-563(and)]TJ
-5.6399 -1.1524 TD
0.039 Tw
[(Miron and Moely used the partner)-1(ship as the unit of)]TJ
T*
-0.012 Tc
0.372 Tw
[(analysis to e)15(xamine comm)-1(unity perspecti)25(v)15(es on)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.028 Tw
[(agenc)15(y v)20(oice)-1(,)-263(benef)20(its to their or)17(g)5(anization,)-263(and per-)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(ceptions of the uni)25(v)14(ersity)65(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 330.221 699.3113 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Structure and Methodology)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 680.4642 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.279 Tw
[(Much of the v)25(alue of this current study is its)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16471 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(b)Tj
0.48476 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.009 Tw
[(readth in the conte)15(xt of di)24(v)15(erse functioning partner-)]TJ
-0.48476 -1.16472 TD
0.005 Tc
0.637 Tw
[(ships. Service-learning coordinator)-1(s at eight)]TJ
0 -1.16471 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.021 Tw
[(California campuses self-selected 99 ad)-1(v)25(anced \322nur-)]TJ
T*
0.222 Tw
[(turing stage\323)-457(\(Dor)-1(ado & Giles,)-456(2004\) comm)-1(unity)]TJ
T*
0.079 Tw
[(partners to participa)-1(te in 15 focus groups to discuss)]TJ
T*
0.312 Tw
[(their perspecti)25(v)15(es )-1(on community-campus partner-)]TJ
T*
0.062 Tw
[(ships. )18(T)80(o date)-1(,)-297(it is one of the lar)18(gest multisite stud)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.16472 TD
0.059 Tw
[(ies focused e)15(xc)-1(lusi)25(v)15(ely on community partner)-1(s. )18(The)]TJ
0 -1.16471 TD
0.285 Tw
[(research team took e)15(xtensi)25(v)15(e measures to ensur)-1(e)]TJ
T*
0.1 Tw
[(community partners\325)-261(conf)19(identiality and anon)15(ymity)65(.)]TJ
T*
0.065 Tw
[(While the community partners included wer)-1(e nomi-)]TJ
0 -1.1647 TD
0.127 Tw
[(nated by their partner)-1(ing service-learning directors,)]TJ
0 -1.16472 TD
0.273 Tw
[(higher education representati)24(v)15(es were not pr)-1(esent)]TJ
0 -1.16471 TD
0.077 Tw
[(during the study)65(,)-312(nor did an)15(y higher education part-)]TJ
T*
0.066 Tw
[(ner ha)20(v)15(e access to the da)-1(ta before the f)20(indings wer)-1(e)]TJ
0 -1.16472 TD
0.124 Tw
[(appro)15(v)15(ed by community participants. )17(This ef)25(fort to)]TJ
0 -1.16471 TD
0.202 Tw
[(control for interpr)-1(etations by the higher education)]TJ
T*
0.19 Tw
[(v)20(oice is in some contrast to pre)25(vious studies with)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.43951 0 TD
-0.001 Tw
(unity par)Tj
3.44635 0 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.49445 0 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(s)Tj
0.60776 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(\(e)Tj
0.74683 0 TD
(.g)Tj
0.72 0 TD
-0.001 Tw
[(.,)-234(Liederman et al.,)-234(2003\),)-235(in)]TJ
-9.4549 -1.16472 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.70692 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(hic)Tj
1.17669 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.73727 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.017 Tw
(higher educa)Tj
4.97357 0 TD
(tion par)Tj
2.97971 0 TD
[(tners wer)-1(e present during)]TJ
-10.57416 -1.16473 TD
0.225 Tw
[(the data collection process. )18(T)80(o ensur)-1(e broad rele-)]TJ
0 -1.16471 TD
0.107 Tw
[(v)25(ance of the f)20(indings,)-343(the sites were selected based)]TJ
T*
0.11 Tw
(on the histor)Tj
5.0235 0 TD
(y)Tj
0.82964 0 Td
[(and di)25(v)15(er)-1(sity of the partnerships and)]TJ
-5.85314 -1.16471 TD
0.086 Tw
[(their institutional conte)15(xt; a mix of urban and rur)-1(al,)]TJ
T*
-0.013 Tw
[(four)20(-year and community colle)14(ge,)-222(public and pri)25(v)25(ate,)]TJ
T*
0.151 Tw
[(f)10(aith-based and secular)40(,)-387(Research I and liberal arts)]TJ
T*
0.026 Tw
[(institutions were in)-1(cluded from di)25(v)15(erse g)-1(eogr)1(aphical)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(re)15(gions of California. )]TJ
0.9 -1.16471 TD
0.017 Tw
[(W)80(e emplo)10(yed foc)-1(u)1(s g)-1(r)1(oups as our inquiry str)-1(a)1(te)14(gy)]TJ
-0.9 -1.1647 TD
0.052 Tw
(because w)Tj
4.05329 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.71591 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(wished to obtain da)Tj
7.67487 0 TD
(ta fr)Tj
1.61426 0 TD
[(om a lar)18(ge sam-)]TJ
-14.05833 -1.16472 TD
0.058 Tw
(ple acr)Tj
2.64523 0 TD
(oss m)Tj
2.28874 0 TD
(ultiple communities and sought \322mean-)Tj
-4.93397 -1.16472 TD
0.001 Tw
(ing and sense-making\323)Tj
9.08574 0 TD
[(more than the precise numer)-1(-)]TJ
-9.08574 -1.16471 TD
0.169 Tw
[(ical data that w)9(ould be pro)15(vided through a surv)15(e)15(y)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(instr)Tj
1.70235 0 TD
-0.016 Tw
[(ument. Because partnerships are by def)19(inition an)]TJ
-1.70235 -1.16471 TD
0.275 Tw
[(inherently social acti)24(vity)65(,)-510(f)1(ocus groups wer)-1(e best)]TJ
T*
0.33 Tw
[(suited to obtain informa)-1(tion,)-565(as we could mak)9(e)]TJ
0 -1.1647 TD
0 Tw
Tj
0.8428 0.00001 TD
-0.014 Tw
(xplicit use of g)Tj
5.68774 0 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31777 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(oup inter)Tj
3.43295 0 TD
(action to pr)Tj
4.34531 0 TD
(oduce da)Tj
3.44723 0.00001 TD
(ta and)Tj
-18.0738 -1.16476 TD
0.216 Tw
[(insights that w)10(ould be less accessib)-1(le without the)]TJ
0 -1.16471 TD
-0.005 Tc
0.365 Tw
[(interaction found in a gr)-1(oup\323)-610(\(Mor)18(g)5(an,)-611(1989\).)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.186 Tw
[(Accepted standards for f)-1(ocus gr)1(oup processes and)]TJ
T*
0.278 Tw
[(hermeneutic f)19(ieldw)10(ork \(Herda,)-514(1998; Marshall &)]TJ
T*
0.02 Tw
[(Rossman,)-255(1989\) infor)-1(med our theoretical orientation)]TJ
T*
-0.005 Tc
0.365 Tw
[(and design,)-610(and pra)1(c)1(t)1(i)1(t)1(i)1(o)1(n)1(e)1(r)1(s in the f)19(ield at)1( )1(a)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
-0.004 Tw
[(California Campus Compact r)-1(etreat helped shape the)]TJ
T*
-0.013 Tw
(initial ar)Tj
3.19622 0 TD
(eas of inquir)Tj
4.77601 0 TD
0 Tc
(y)Tj
0.42006 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.45636 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(Informed by the r)-1(ele)25(v)25(ant liter-)]TJ
-8.84866 -1.16473 TD
0.215 Tw
[(ature,)-450(a f)20(i)25(v)15(e-member research team,)-450(comprised of)]TJ
0 -1.16471 TD
0 Tw
(thr)Tj
1.0656 0 TD
0.313 Tw
(ee f)Tj
1.71353 0.00001 TD
[(acilitators,)-548(one recor)-1(der)40(,)-548(and the Principle)]TJ
-2.77913 -1.16472 TD
0 Tw
(In)Tj
0.76297 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(estig)Tj
1.80855 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42884 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(tor)Tj
1.02581 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.63232 0.00001 TD
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.162 Tw
[(ef)19(ined the questions for the protocol,)]TJ
-5.44636 -1.16474 TD
0.04 Tw
[(which wer)-1(e presented in a semi-structured intervie)25(w)]TJ
0 -1.16471 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.80277 0.00001 TD
(ma)Tj
1.19168 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.6187 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.121 Tw
(with guided par)Tj
6.29259 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ticipa)Tj
2.1312 0.00001 TD
0.121 Tw
[(tion by the f)10(acilita)-1(tors.)]TJ
-11.3547 -1.16474 TD
0.355 Tw
[(P)15(articipants ad)-1(dressed questions concerning their)]TJ
0 -1.16471 TD
0.102 Tw
[(moti)25(v)25(ations,)-337(benef)20(its,)-337(challenges,)-337(and recommenda)-1(-)]TJ
T*
-0.017 Tw
[(tions that wer)-1(e similar to some of the areas of inquiry)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 32)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
33 0 obj
<<
/Length 15035
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(33)Tj
-41.9 65.8 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.015 Tw
[(that Liederman et al. (2003) and )29(W)80(orrall (2005) stud-)]TJ
0 -1.15608 TD
0.218 Tw
[(ied. Because this study w)9(as more focused on the)]TJ
T*
0.029 Tw
[(transf)-1(ormation of higher education practice fr)-1(om the)]TJ
0 -1.15607 TD
0.149 Tw
[(community\325)55(s perspecti)24(v)15(e,)-383(it contrasts with a r)-1(ecent)]TJ
0 -1.15608 TD
0.002 Tc
0.358 Tw
[(publ)1(i)1(c)1(a)1(tion de)25(v)15(eloped by the national Campus)]TJ
0 -1.15607 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.01 Tw
[(Compact of)25(f)20(ice designed to serv)15(e as a practical guide)]TJ
0 -1.15608 TD
-0.008 Tw
(for community agencies interested in partnering with)Tj
0 -1.15609 TD
0.287 Tw
[(higher education campuses \(Scheibel,)-523(Bo)25(wle)15(y)65(,)-522(&)]TJ
0 -1.15607 TD
0 Tw
[(Jones,)-260(2005\). )]TJ
0.9 -1.15608 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.049 Tw
[(Because a le)25(v)15(el of f)9(amiliarity with the subject mat-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15607 TD
0.099 Tw
[(ter is necessary for research con)39(v)15(ersations to be pro-)]TJ
0 -1.15608 TD
0.245 Tw
[(ducti)25(v)15(e \(Gadamer)39(,)-470(1960/1975; Herda,)-470(1999\) and a)]TJ
T*
0.058 Tw
[(particularly high le)25(v)15(el of tr)-1(ust w)10(as required to do this)]TJ
0 -1.15607 TD
0.192 Tw
[(research,)-417(we in)40(v)20(olv)15(ed seasoned scholar)-1(s in service-)]TJ
0 -1.15608 TD
0.018 Tw
[(learning who wer)-1(e f)10(amiliar with service-learning con-)]TJ
0 -1.15607 TD
0.301 Tw
[(cepts and focus group f)10(acilita)-1(tion. )18(The f)10(acilitators)]TJ
0 -1.15608 TD
0.023 Tw
[(were neutral in the sense that the)14(y were not emplo)10(yed)]TJ
0 -1.15609 TD
0.053 Tw
[(by the campuses and did not ha)20(v)15(e a v)15(ested inter)-1(est in)]TJ
0 -1.15607 TD
-0.025 Tw
[(the f)20(indings of each of the groups. Small stipends wer)-1(e)]TJ
0 -1.15608 TD
0.001 Tw
[(a)15(w)10(ar)-1(ded to community partners for their participation. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15608 TD
0.01 Tc
0 Tw
(Da)Tj
1.18655 0 TD
0.365 Tw
[(ta wer)-1(e collected by charting participant)]TJ
-2.08655 -1.15608 TD
0 Tc
0.13 Tw
[(responses on easel paper)40(,)-381(note-taking,)-380(and audio-)]TJ
T*
0.148 Tw
[(taping and transcr)-1(ibing participant responses. )30(W)80(e)]TJ
0 -1.15607 TD
0.21 Tw
[(generated cate)14(gories and themes to identify pat-)]TJ
0 -1.15608 TD
0 Tw
(ter)Tj
1.05444 -0.00001 TD
-0.016 Tw
[(ns,)-234(because our goal w)10(as to discern a set of char)-1(-)]TJ
-1.05444 -1.15608 TD
0.205 Tw
[(acteristics across all partner r)-1(esponses. F)15(or each)]TJ
0 -1.15607 TD
-0.013 Tw
(question on the pr)Tj
7.15337 0 TD
0 Tw
(otocol,)Tj
2.98634 0 TD
-0.013 Tw
(the r)Tj
1.79127 0 TD
0 Tw
(esear)Tj
2.05323 0 TD
-0.013 Tw
[(chers de)25(v)15(eloped)]TJ
-13.98421 -1.15609 TD
0.0166 Tc
(a)Tj
1.08544 0 Td
(r)Tj
0.34983 0 TD
0.017 Tc
0 Tw
(ela)Tj
1.21602 0 TD
0.358 Tw
(tional sc)Tj
3.86975 0 TD
(heme tha)Tj
4.13002 0 TD
0.0167 Tc
(t)Tj
0.91951 0 Td
(c)Tj
0.46083 0 TD
0.017 Tc
0 Tw
(luster)Tj
2.32218 0 TD
0.358 Tw
(ed par)Tj
2.92961 0 TD
0 Tw
(ticipant)Tj
-17.28319 -1.1561 TD
0 Tc
0.286 Tw
(responses according to themes. Notes from the)Tj
0 -1.15608 TD
0 Tw
(audio-ta)Tj
3.27612 0 TD
0.046 Tw
(ped sessions w)Tj
6.03447 0 TD
[(ere pr)-1(o)15(vided to participants)]TJ
-9.31059 -1.15609 TD
0.114 Tw
(to c)Tj
1.58578 0 TD
0 Tw
(hec)Tj
1.38769 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(k)Tj
0.86386 0 Td
(f)Tj
0.333 0 TD
0 Tc
0.114 Tw
(or under)Tj
3.47348 0 TD
0 Tw
(standing)Tj
3.38842 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(.)Tj
0.61395 0 Td
0 Tc
(Da)Tj
1.16592 0 TD
0.114 Tw
[(ta wer)-1(e coded and)]TJ
-12.8121 -1.15609 TD
0 Tw
(anal)Tj
1.66553 0 TD
(yz)Tj
0.94384 0 TD
0.006 Tw
(ed using )Tj
3.56792 0 TD
(Atlas-TI softw)Tj
5.85451 0 TD
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.77661 0 TD
(e)Tj
0.44385 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.50612 0 TD
0.006 Tw
(and hermeneutic)Tj
-13.75838 -1.15611 TD
0.082 Tw
[(\322constant coding\323)-332(approaches \(Her)-1(da,)-332(1999\) were)]TJ
0 -1.15607 TD
0.187 Tw
(used to c)Tj
3.92776 0 TD
[(heck themes. Initial research cate)14(gories)]TJ
-3.92776 -1.15608 TD
(w)Tj
0.72192 0 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.77661 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.90715 0 Td
0 Tc
(de)Tj
0.919 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0 TD
0.213 Tw
(eloped based on the pr)Tj
9.85001 0 TD
(otocol questions)Tj
-13.6598 -1.1561 TD
0.124 Tw
(and ad)Tj
2.76141 0 TD
[(ditional cate)14(gories and themes were de)25(v)14(el-)]TJ
-2.76141 -1.15607 TD
-0.024 Tw
[(oped after an analysis of the data. )18(The team w)9(ork)10(ed)]TJ
0 -1.15608 TD
0.059 Tw
(with comm)Tj
4.58583 0.00001 TD
[(unity partners to chec)-1(k for understand-)]TJ
-4.58583 -1.15608 TD
0.056 Tw
(ing and completeness using methods der)Tj
16.469 0.00001 TD
(i)Tj
0.25293 0.00001 TD
[(v)15(ed from)]TJ
-16.72193 -1.15608 TD
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.49951 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(unity-based pr)Tj
5.77281 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(actices. )Tj
-7.37232 -1.1561 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.231 Tw
[(The ethic of reciprocity)65(,)-466(a hallmark of service-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15607 TD
0.039 Tw
[(learning practice)-1(,)-273(infor)-1(med the research design. One)]TJ
0 -1.15608 TD
0.226 Tw
(of the distinctions of this study in comparison to)Tj
0 -1.15607 TD
0.268 Tw
(other studies of community partners is its place-)Tj
0 -1.15608 TD
0 Tw
(based)Tj
2.20161 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.51075 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.041 Tw
[(tw)10(o-tier)-1(ed approach. )18(The importance of loca-)]TJ
-2.71236 -1.15609 TD
0.003 Tc
0.357 Tw
(tion is often o)Tj
6.63042 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.48831 0.00001 TD
0.003 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.78302 0.00001 TD
(look)Tj
1.78088 0.00001 TD
0.357 Tw
(ed in academic research)Tj
-9.68263 -1.1561 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(\(Gr)Tj
1.34245 0.00001 TD
(une)Tj
1.37395 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.69716 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ald)Tj
1.17668 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.58055 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.111 Tw
[(2003; Oldenb)20(ur)17(g,)-345(1989; Sandy)65(,)-346(2005\),)]TJ
-5.17079 -1.15611 TD
0.052 Tw
(and inc)Tj
2.86277 0.00001 TD
(luding this v)Tj
4.88483 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
(ia)Tj
0.69168 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(b)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.052 Tw
(le in our design had impor)Tj
10.39636 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06725 -1.15611 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.041 Tw
[(tant benef)20(its. )29(W)80(e con)40(v)15(ened focus groups in the loca-)]TJ
0 -1.15608 TD
0.14 Tw
[(tions in which the)15(y par)-1(tnered and included partici-)]TJ
T*
-0.026 Tw
[(pants who all had e)15(xperiences w)9(orking with the same)]TJ
T*
0.001 Tw
[(higher education institution. By doing so,)-236(we e)15(xpect-)]TJ
T*
0.079 Tw
(ed tha)Tj
2.4049 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.5771 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(participants w)9(ould be more lik)10(ely to discuss)]TJ
-2.982 -1.1561 TD
0.081 Tw
(the concr)Tj
3.6386 0 TD
(ete details of their par)Tj
8.68299 0.00001 TD
[(tnerships,)-317(as the)15(y all)]TJ
-12.3216 -1.1561 TD
0 Tw
(shar)Tj
1.6055 0 TD
0.369 Tw
(ed something dir)Tj
7.21958 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ectl)Tj
1.38336 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
1.0893 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.369 Tw
(in common with one)Tj
-11.2978 -1.1561 TD
0.106 Tw
[(another)40(,)-341(and r)-1(esearchers w)10(ould be able to tease out)]TJ
22.5 63.5842 TD
0.008 Tw
[(distinctions between dif)25(ferent par)-1(tners with the same)]TJ
0 -1.16805 TD
0.152 Tw
[(higher education institution. )18(There is e)24(vidence that)]TJ
T*
0.014 Tw
[(the v)15(er)-1(y act of con)40(v)15(ening the focus groups may ha)20(v)15(e)]TJ
0 -1.16804 TD
-0.013 Tc
0.373 Tw
[(already be)14(gun to benef)20(it the partnerships there.)]TJ
0 -1.16805 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.092 Tw
[(P)15(articipants shar)-1(ed ideas with one another and sug-)]TJ
T*
0.211 Tw
[(gested solutions to directly benef)19(it their particular)]TJ
0 -1.16804 TD
0.031 Tw
[(partnerships at all f)-1(ocus gr)1(oups. In k)9(eeping with k)10(e)15(y)]TJ
0 -1.16805 TD
0.15 Tw
(aspects of community-based research methodology)Tj
T*
0.289 Tw
[(\(Stoeck)10(er)39(,)-524(2005\),)-525(participants were in)39(v)20(olv)15(ed with)]TJ
0 -1.16804 TD
0.036 Tw
[(appro)15(ving the thematic interpr)-1(etations,)-271(f)20(inalizing the)]TJ
0 -1.16805 TD
0.057 Tw
[(reports designed to inform and impro)15(v)15(e their par)-1(tic-)]TJ
T*
0.005 Tc
0.415 Tw
[(ular partnership,)-670(and the \322meta-analysis\323)-670(that)]TJ
0 -1.16804 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.201 Tw
[(includes a cross-analysis of all the da)-1(ta generated)]TJ
0 -1.16805 TD
0.016 Tw
[(from all of the f)-1(ocus gr)1(oups. In k)9(eeping with accept-)]TJ
T*
0.064 Tw
(ed practices of hermeneutic and ethnographic quali-)Tj
0 -1.16804 TD
0.186 Tw
[(tati)24(v)15(e research,)-421(direct quota)-1(tions were shared with)]TJ
T*
0.28 Tw
[(community partners to de)24(v)15(elop themes and cate-)]TJ
0 -1.16805 TD
-0.029 Tw
[(gories for both the meta-anal)-1(ysis)1( a)-1(nd campus)1( r)-1(e)1(por)-1(ts,)]TJ
0 -1.16804 TD
0.194 Tw
[(although space constraints do not permit muc)-1(h of)]TJ
0 -1.16805 TD
0.025 Tw
(them to be pr)Tj
5.18397 0 TD
(esented her)Tj
4.38491 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
-9.09773 -1.16806 TD
-0.011 Tc
0.371 Tw
[(G)1(i)26(v)15(en the traditional wisdom re)15(g)5(a)1(r)1(ding focus)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16804 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.008 Tw
[(group research \(e.g.,)-243(F)15(ontana & Fr)1(e)15(y)65(,)-243(2000; Mor)18(g)5(an,)]TJ
0 -1.16805 TD
0.076 Tw
[(1998\) and the f)10(act that the par)-1(ticipants in this study)]TJ
0 Tc
(r)'
0.31776 0 TD
(e)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.80277 0 TD
0.172 Tw
(esent a )Tj
3.22265 0 TD
0 Tw
(\322con)Tj
1.7879 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(enience\323)Tj
3.78425 0 TD
0.172 Tw
[(sample,)-407(to some e)14(xtent,)]TJ
-10.81429 -1.16806 TD
0.299 Tw
(the f)Tj
2.00896 0 TD
(indings ar)Tj
4.12049 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.96318 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(not g)Tj
2.25208 0 TD
0 Tw
(ener)Tj
1.66047 0 TD
0.299 Tw
(alizable in a statistical)Tj
-11.00518 -1.16806 TD
0.201 Tw
[(sense. Ho)25(we)25(v)15(er)39(,)-436(we fully e)15(xpect these f)20(indings to)]TJ
0 -1.16805 TD
0.006 Tw
[(ha)20(v)15(e br)-1(oad applicability)65(,)-241(particular)-1(l)1(y gi)25(v)15(en the di)24(v)15(er-)]TJ
0 -1.16804 TD
0.049 Tw
(sity and siz)Tj
4.41626 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.71244 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(of the sample and the contr)Tj
10.6948 0 TD
(ols inherent)Tj
-15.8235 -1.16805 TD
0.025 Tw
(in our a)Tj
2.98445 0 TD
0 Tw
(pproach. )Tj
-2.08445 -1.16805 TD
-0.015 Tw
[(The follo)25(wing section will of)25(fer a discussion of the)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16805 TD
0.081 Tw
[(themes emer)18(ging from da)-1(ta analysis and place each)]TJ
T*
0.276 Tw
(theme within a discussion of prior literature and)Tj
0 -1.16804 TD
0.121 Tw
[(apparent import to the adv)25(ancement of resear)-1(c)1(h on)]TJ
0 -1.16805 TD
-0.01 Tc
0 Tw
(ser)Tj
1.13582 0 TD
(vice-lear)Tj
3.40745 0 TD
0.37 Tw
(ning par)Tj
3.59513 0 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.51483 0 TD
0.37 Tw
(ships and their pr)Tj
7.84601 0 TD
0 Tw
(actices.)Tj
-17.49924 -1.16807 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.052 Tw
[(Direct quotations from comm)-1(unity partners from all)]TJ
0 -1.16804 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(ocus groups are included to highlight themes. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 350.0511 271.1568 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Emer)Tj
2.08747 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ent )Tj
1.41886 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59585 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(hemes)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 287 251.2754 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Con)Tj
1.5822 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(er)Tj
0.7659 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.47523 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(ence with Char)Tj
5.93523 0 TD
[(acteristics of Ef)18(fecti)-1(v)1(e)]TJ
-9.18741 -1.21808 TD
[(P)80(artner)10(ships:)-261(Relationships ar)37(e F)105(oundational)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 305 221.2145 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.035 Tw
[(Y)110(ou can\325)18(t assume the partner)-1(ship will stay what)]TJ
0 -1.18672 TD
0.025 Tw
[(it is. It needs to be fed. )-854(\321Community P)15(artner)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 191.6535 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(A)Tj
1.18624 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.244 Tw
[(major contrib)19(ution in adv)25(ancing community-)]TJ
-2.08624 -1.16804 TD
-0.006 Tw
[(uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity partnerships has been the v)25(ar)-1(ious w)10(ays the)]TJ
0 -1.16805 TD
0.059 Tw
[(f)20(ield has def)20(ined the core c)-1(haracteristics of ef)25(fecti)25(v)15(e)]TJ
T*
0.005 Tc
1.129 Tw
[(partnerships. Important e)14(xamples include:)]TJ
0 -1.16804 TD
0.769 Tw
[(Community-Campus P)15(ar)-1(tnerships for Health)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
((CCPH),)Tj
3.80608 0 TD
0.149 Tw
(\(1998\); Campus Compact \(T)Tj
11.51629 0 TD
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.80277 0 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(es,)Tj
1.4215 0.00001 TD
(2000\);)Tj
-17.8644 -1.16808 TD
0.139 Tw
[(the )30(W)40(ingspread Re)-1(port \(Honnet & Poulsen,)-374(1989\),)]TJ
0 -1.16804 TD
0.111 Tw
[(Housing and Urban De)25(v)15(elopment Depar)-1(tment\325)55(s list)]TJ
0 -1.16806 TD
-0.002 Tw
[(of character)-1(istics \(Holland & Ramaly)65(,)-233(1998\),)-234(and the)]TJ
0 -1.16805 TD
0.107 Tw
(study by Liederman et al. (2003) that describes the)Tj
0 -1.16804 TD
0.005 Tc
0.449 Tw
[(characteristics v)25(alued by comm)-1(unity partners.)]TJ
0 -1.16805 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.091 Tw
[(Holland (2005) notes that while man)15(y of these lists)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 349.7811 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Dif)18(fer)36(ent )40(W)92(orlds and Common Gr)45(ound)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 33)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
34 0 obj
<<
/Length 14986
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(34)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Sandy &)-250(Holland)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.028 Tw
[(contain unique aspects related to the conte)14(xt in which)]TJ
0 -1.16747 TD
0.038 Tw
[(the)15(y wer)-1(e de)25(v)15(eloped,)-273(there is a high le)25(v)15(el of con)39(v)15(er-)]TJ
0 -1.16748 TD
0.359 Tw
[(gence in their recommendations that pro)14(vides a)]TJ
T*
-0.028 Tw
[(vision of ideal partnerships. )17(T)1(hese lists inc)-1(lude topics)]TJ
T*
0.256 Tw
[(such as de)25(v)15(eloping a m)-1(utually benef)20(icial agenda,)]TJ
T*
0.039 Tw
[(understanding the capacity and resources of all par)-1(t)1(-)]TJ
T*
0.151 Tw
[(ners,)-387(participating in project planning,)-387(attending to)]TJ
T*
0.021 Tw
[(the relationship,)-257(shared design and control of project)]TJ
T*
0.154 Tw
[(directions,)-389(and continual assessment of partnership)]TJ
0 -1.16747 TD
0.025 Tw
(processes and outcomes.)Tj
0.9 -1.16748 TD
-0.012 Tw
[(The analysis of the characteristics descr)-1(ibed by the)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16748 TD
0.103 Tw
[(community partners in this stud)-1(y re)25(v)15(eals that while)]TJ
T*
0.176 Tw
[(the)15(y concur with these gener)-1(al principles,)-410(the lan)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.16747 TD
0.027 Tw
[(guage the)15(y use to describe them and ho)24(w the)15(y prior-)]TJ
0 -1.16749 TD
0.146 Tw
[(itize them is often distinct. )55(Aspects of v)24(aluing and)]TJ
T*
0.051 Tw
[(nurturing the par)-1(tnership relationship wer)-1(e uniform-)]TJ
T*
0.287 Tw
(ly stressed as the highest priority among all the)Tj
T*
0 Tw
(groups. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 80 483.6641 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.071 Tw
(If y)Tj
1.42604 0 TD
0 Tw
(ou\325)Tj
1.23796 0 TD
0.071 Tw
[(re just going to do an e)25(v)15(ent,)-306(and another)]TJ
-2.664 -1.1861 TD
0.052 Tw
[(e)25(v)15(ent and a project,)-287(a project,)-287(a project,)-287(it does-)]TJ
0 -1.18608 TD
0 Tw
<6ED5>Tj
0.78494 0 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(t)Tj
0.62243 0 Td
(f)Tj
0.318 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.125 Tw
(eel lik)Tj
2.48127 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.78868 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(you\325)50(re connecting the dots. )90(Y)110(ou\325)49(re)]TJ
-4.99532 -1.1861 TD
0.133 Tw
[(not gro)25(wing an)15(ything. It has to be sustainable)-1(,)]TJ
0 -1.18609 TD
0.247 Tw
(and I think y)Tj
5.62939 0 TD
(ou onl)Tj
2.6852 0 TD
(y)Tj
0.96737 0 Td
(g)Tj
0.48501 0 TD
(et sustaina)Tj
4.27524 0 TD
(bility w)Tj
3.21062 0 TD
0 Tw
(hen)Tj
-17.25283 -1.18611 TD
0.13 Tw
[(you\325)50(re b)20(uilding rela)-1(tionships and there\325)55(s a cer-)]TJ
0 -1.18609 TD
0.025 Tw
(tain humanity to the whole thing. )Tj
9.99627 -1.18609 TD
0 Tw
(\321Comm)Tj
3.64766 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(unity P)Tj
2.76669 0 TD
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
(tner )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 390.0657 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.234 Tw
[(These partners emphasized that the rela)-1(tionship)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16748 TD
0.083 Tw
[(itself is foundational to service-learnin)-1(g and that all)]TJ
0 -1.16747 TD
0.229 Tw
[(collaborati)24(v)15(e acti)25(vities or projects stem from this.)]TJ
0 -1.16748 TD
0.009 Tw
(This supports the claim by Dorado and Giles (2004),)Tj
T*
0.213 Tw
[(and Benson and Harka)20(vy (2000),)-449(that community)]TJ
T*
0.231 Tw
[(partners v)24(alue the relationship with the uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity)]TJ
T*
0.014 Tw
[(be)15(yond a specif)19(ic service-learning project. )18(This f)20(ind)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.165 Tw
[(ing also pro)15(vides support for the c)-1(laim posited by)]TJ
T*
0.1 Tw
[(Skilton-Sylv)15(ester and Erwin (2000) that people can)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(be)Tj
0.89896 0 TD
0.005 Tw
[(gin to cross the borders that commonl)-1(y di)25(vide uni-)]TJ
-0.89896 -1.16749 TD
0.003 Tw
[(v)15(er)-1(s)1(i)-1(ty a)1(nd )-1(c)1(o)-1(m)1(m)-1(unity members \322through the de)25(v)15(el)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.16747 TD
0.315 Tw
[(opment of caring relationships and r)-1(eflection on)]TJ
0 -1.16748 TD
0.058 Tw
[(those relationships\323)-293((p. 73). It is in some contr)-1(ast to)]TJ
T*
0.002 Tw
[(the study conducted by Bushouse (2005),)-237(who found)]TJ
T*
0.109 Tw
[(that small nonprof)19(it or)18(g)5(anizations wer)-1(e more lik)10(el)-1(y)]TJ
T*
0.149 Tw
[(to prefer ar)-1(r)1(ang)-1(ements with minimal required staf)25(f)]TJ
T*
-0.013 Tw
[(time,)-222(with presumably less emphasis on relationship-)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
[(b)20(uilding. )]TJ
0.9 -1.16748 TD
0.187 Tw
[(Other highly v)25(alued char)-1(acteristics described by)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16748 TD
0.203 Tw
[(these community partners,)-438(rank)10(ed in order of fre-)]TJ
0 -1.16746 TD
0 Tw
(quenc)Tj
2.29781 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(y)Tj
0.42005 0.00001 TD
(,)Tj
0.47388 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(inc)Tj
1.17668 0.00001 TD
(lude:)Tj
2.16339 0 TD
(1\) )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 137.7346 156.5701 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Comm)Tj
2.55084 0.00001 TD
(unica)Tj
2.14668 0.00001 TD
0.004 Tw
(tion among par)Tj
5.96426 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.54084 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(s)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 263.4999 156.5701 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
-20.14999 -1.16748 TD
-0.015 Tc
(par)Tj
1.23161 0.00001 TD
(ticular)Tj
2.44896 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(l)Tj
0.26283 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.71518 0 Td
(c)Tj
0.42901 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(lear)Tj
1.43829 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(l)Tj
0.26283 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.71514 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(def)Tj
1.21205 0 TD
-0.005 Tw
(ined roles and responsibilities,)Tj
-8.71589 -1.16752 TD
0 Tw
(ong)Tj
1.455 0 TD
(oing)Tj
1.71784 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.46034 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(accessib)Tj
3.21106 0.00001 TD
-0.01 Tw
(le lines of comm)Tj
6.42341 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(unica)Tj
2.09053 0 TD
(tion,)Tj
1.95601 0 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31777 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(le)15(xibil)-1(-)]TJ
-17.63196 -1.16753 TD
(ity)Tj
0.94572 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.43798 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.032 Tw
(and the a)Tj
3.41033 0.00001 TD
(bility to sa)Tj
3.97788 0.00001 TD
(y)Tj
0.68798 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
Tj
1.99736 0.00001 TD
(2\) )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 186.6299 121.5456 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Under)Tj
2.46993 0.00001 TD
-0.032 Tw
(standing par)Tj
4.87147 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(t)Tj
0.26284 0.00001 TD
(-)Tj
-20.0672 -1.1675 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.033 Tw
[(ner per)10(spectives)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 125.0727 109.8708 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
0.47284 0 Td
0.033 Tw
(While the lists generated by higher)Tj
-6.7801 -1.1675 TD
0.214 Tw
[(education researchers often str)-1(ess mutual benef)20(its,)]TJ
T*
0.004 Tw
[(community partners w)-1(ere more lik)10(el)-1(y to describe the)]TJ
T*
0.026 Tw
[(need for understanding each partner\325)54(s w)10(ork cultures,)]TJ
0 Tc
(r)'
0.3178 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.227 Tw
[(esponsi)25(v)15(eness to partner needs,)-463(and caring about)]TJ
22.18224 63.68386 TD
-0.029 Tw
[(mutual goals. Some partners stressed that higher edu)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.1645 TD
0.061 Tw
[(cation partner)-1(s need to focus more intently on com-)]TJ
0 -1.16449 TD
-0.035 Tw
(munity needs; 3\) )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 353.1173 676.7205 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.034 Tw
[(P)80(er)10(sona)-1(l)1( c)1(o)-1(nnections)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 435.2396 676.7205 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
0.43529 0 Td
[(Ov)15(er)-1(all,)-200(part-)]TJ
-15.25925 -1.16449 TD
0.003 Tw
[(ners did not often stress the need for f)-1(ormal structure)]TJ
T*
-0.032 Tw
[(or resources,)-203(although this may be partially e)14(xplained)]TJ
0 Tc
(b)'
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.84542 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.126 Tw
[(the f)10(act that these e)14(xperienced higher education)]TJ
-1.33042 -1.1645 TD
0.058 Tw
[(partners alr)-1(eady ha)20(v)15(e this infrastructur)-1(e in place. K-)]TJ
0 -1.16449 TD
0.109 Tw
(12 institutions tended to underscore the importance)Tj
T*
0.055 Tw
[(of written agreements and structure more fr)-1(equently)]TJ
0 -1.16451 TD
0.039 Tw
[(than community-based or)18(g)5(aniza)-1(tion partners; 4\) )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 476.3025 595.206 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Co-)Tj
-18.93025 -1.16449 TD
-0.006 Tc
0.366 Tw
[(planning)10(,)-610(t)1(r)16(aining)9(,)-609(and orienta)-1(tion)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 435.1779 583.5612 Tm
0 g
-0.0063 Tc
(.)Tj
0.85361 0 Td
-0.006 Tc
(Community)Tj
-15.6714 -1.1645 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.02 Tw
[(partners descr)-1(ibed collaborati)25(v)15(e planning with f)10(acul)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.16449 TD
0.183 Tw
[(ty and staf)25(f,)-418(and agreed-upon systems for training)]TJ
T*
0.202 Tw
[(and orientations for ser)-1(vice-learners as one of the)]TJ
T*
0.209 Tw
[(most critical areas to impro)14(v)15(e campus-community)]TJ
T*
0.004 Tc
0.356 Tw
(partnerships; 5\) )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 359.7797 525.3367 Tm
0 g
0.004 Tc
0.356 Tw
[(Accountability and leader)10(ship)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 488.5012 525.3367 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
-20.15012 -1.16449 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.026 Tw
[(These partners emphasized the need for adequate f)-1(ol-)]TJ
0 -1.1645 TD
0.248 Tw
[(lo)25(w-through and accounta)-1(bility on the part of all)]TJ
T*
-0.026 Tw
[(partners,)-209(and shared)-1(,)-209(equitable leadership. Continuity)]TJ
0 -1.16449 TD
0.025 Tw
(of personnel is important. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 289.6 462.2543 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Common Gr)Tj
4.81677 0 TD
[(ound:)-260(Our P)80(artner)9(s in Education)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 443.4094 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.044 Tw
[(One of the most compelling f)20(indings of this study)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16449 TD
0.178 Tw
(is the comm)Tj
5.07967 0 TD
[(unity partner\325)55(s prof)-1(ound dedication to)]TJ
-5.07967 -1.16449 TD
0.087 Tw
[(educating colle)15(ge students \321 e)24(v)15(en when this is not)]TJ
0 -1.1645 TD
0.037 Tw
(an e)Tj
1.59968 -0.00001 TD
[(xpectation,)-272(part of their job description,)-272(or if the)]TJ
-1.59968 -1.16449 TD
0.088 Tw
[(e)15(xperience pro)15(vides fe)25(w or no short- and long-ter)-1(m)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(benef)20(its f)-1(or their or)18(g)5(anization. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 305 367.3399 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(I)Tj
0.62486 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.072 Tw
(should ad)Tj
3.79748 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(d)Tj
0.79183 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(that I\325m a frustrated teacher! I see)Tj
-5.21417 -1.18277 TD
0.018 Tw
[([service-learning] as an oppor)-1(tunity to influence)]TJ
T*
0.003 Tw
[(the ne)15(xt generation. I see it not just as we\325)49(re get-)]TJ
T*
0.032 Tw
[(ting those w)10(onderful v)19(olunteers,)-267(b)20(ut we ha)19(v)15(e an)]TJ
0 -1.18276 TD
0.091 Tw
(opportunity to train and influence and sensitize)Tj
0 -1.18278 TD
0.071 Tw
(people to deal with the issues the c)Tj
13.87204 0 TD
(lients of our)Tj
-13.87204 -1.18277 TD
0.131 Tw
[(agenc)15(y f)10(ace)-1(. It can influence their f)10(amily rela)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.287 Tw
[(tionships,)-522(it\325)54(s going to influence their career)]TJ
T*
0.011 Tw
[(choices,)-246(and it is maybe going to help them deal)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(dif)25(ferentl)-1(y with people the)15(y meet on the street. )]TJ
9.73626 -1.18277 TD
-0.0151 Tc
Tj
1.24486 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(Community P)15(ar)-1(tner )]TJ
-10.98112 -1.98277 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.84901 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(e)Tj
0.78669 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.74683 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.78683 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(co-educa)Tj
3.48823 0.00001 TD
(tor)Tj
1.0656 0 TD
(s. )Tj
0.94916 0.00001 TD
0.123 Tw
[(That is not our or)18(g)5(aniza)-1(-)]TJ
-8.67236 -1.1828 TD
0.025 Tw
[(tion\325)55(s bottom line,)-260(b)19(ut that\325)55(s what we do.)]TJ
9.73626 -1.18278 TD
-0.0151 Tc
Tj
1.24486 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(Community P)15(ar)-1(tner)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 202.9111 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.272 Tw
[(Campus-community partnerships ar)-1(e commonly)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16449 TD
-0.025 Tw
[(thought to be based on dif)25(ferences in self-interest and)]TJ
0 Tc
(r)'
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(equir)Tj
1.97945 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.6337 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.03 Tw
[(ne)15(gotiation to ensure these dif)24(f)1(er)-1(ent needs are)]TJ
-2.93091 -1.16451 TD
0.318 Tw
[(met \(e.g.,)-553(Bushouse,)-552(2005; Scheibel,)-553(Bo)25(wle)14(y)65(,)-552(&)]TJ
0 -1.16449 TD
-0.029 Tw
[(Jones,)-206(2005\). Enos and Morton \(2003\) suggest a con-)]TJ
T*
0.259 Tw
[(tinuum of \322self-to-shared-inter)-1(est,)70-494(where partner)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.155 Tw
(ships function f)Tj
6.27133 0 TD
0 Tw
(ir)Tj
0.5806 0 TD
0.155 Tw
(st as a )Tj
3.03895 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(\322tr)Tj
1.00945 0.00001 TD
(ansactional\323)Tj
5.15185 0.00001 TD
(par)Tj
1.23162 0.00001 TD
(tner)Tj
1.49444 0.00001 TD
(ship)Tj
-18.77824 -1.16454 TD
0.017 Tw
(with distinct objecti)Tj
7.6377 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(es and then mo)Tj
5.85333 0.00001 TD
[(v)15(e to)25(w)10(ar)-1(d de)25(v)15(el-)]TJ
-13.96114 -1.16452 TD
0.094 Tw
[(oping shared goals to a \322tr)-1(ansformational\323)-329(relation-)]TJ
0 -1.16449 TD
0 Tw
(ship. )Tj
2.14756 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(A)Tj
1.06743 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.126 Tw
[(recent study by )30(W)80(or)-1(r)1(all (2005) af)24(f)20(irms this)]TJ
-3.21499 -1.1645 TD
0.259 Tw
[(perce)-1(ption of community partners,)-494(indicating that)]TJ
0 -1.16449 TD
0.137 Tw
[(the)15(y f)19(irst become in)40(v)19(olv)15(ed with service-learning to)]TJ
0 Tc
(g)'
0.48012 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.253 Tw
(ain access to ad)Tj
6.76606 0.00001 TD
(ditional r)Tj
3.7411 0.00001 TD
(esources and then stay)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 34)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
35 0 obj
<<
/Length 14754
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(35)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 349.7811 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Dif)18(fer)36(ent )40(W)92(orlds and Common Gr)45(ound)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.112 Tw
[(in)40(v)19(olv)15(ed o)15(v)15(er time because the)15(y enjo)9(y their role as)]TJ
0 -1.15534 TD
0.236 Tw
[(community educators. In contr)-1(ast,)-470(the comm)-1(unity)]TJ
T*
0.066 Tw
[(partners included in this stud)-1(y spok)10(e of their shared)]TJ
T*
0.119 Tw
[(goals re)15(g)5(ar)-1(ding student learning at the)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 217.423 665.3501 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(inception)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 256.8225 665.3501 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(of)Tj
-19.58225 -1.15533 TD
-0.011 Tw
[(the partnership. )17(T)1(he)14(y repeatedly stressed that educat-)]TJ
0 -1.15534 TD
0.113 Tw
[(ing colle)15(ge students w)9(as a more compelling reason)]TJ
T*
0.14 Tw
[(for becoming in)40(v)20(olv)15(ed in comm)-1(unity-campus part-)]TJ
T*
0.245 Tw
[(nerships than more tangib)-1(le \322transactional\323)-481(short-)]TJ
0 -1.15533 TD
0.025 Tw
[(term benef)19(its to their agenc)15(y or or)18(g)5(aniza)-1(tion. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15535 TD
0.004 Tw
[(While educating students w)10(as an initial moti)24(v)25(a)1(tion)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15534 TD
0.118 Tw
[(for these community partners,)-354(their commitment to)]TJ
0 -1.15535 TD
-0.023 Tw
[(educating students may ha)20(v)14(e gr)1(o)24(wn o)15(v)15(er time as the)15(y)]TJ
0 -1.15533 TD
0.354 Tw
[(became more e)15(xper)-1(ienced. )18(The)15(y demonstrated a)]TJ
T*
0.118 Tw
[(remarkable a)15(w)9(areness and le)25(v)15(el of student learning)]TJ
0 -1.15535 TD
0.015 Tw
[(outcomes for career de)24(v)15(elopment,)-250(ci)25(vic eng)4(a)1(gement,)]TJ
0 -1.15534 TD
-0.01 Tw
[(academic course content,)-225(di)24(v)15(ersity and multi-cultural)]TJ
0 -1.15533 TD
0.025 Tw
[(skills,)-260(and personal de)25(v)14(elopment. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 79 497.403 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.145 Tw
[([Students] come from the uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity hoping to)]TJ
0 -1.17261 TD
0.068 Tw
[(help us b)20(uild a house,)-303(b)20(ut with service-learning)]TJ
0 -1.1726 TD
0.094 Tw
[(in conte)15(xt,)-330(that same student w)10(ould understand)]TJ
0 -1.17259 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.70692 0 TD
(h)Tj
0.48012 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.79344 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ther)Tj
1.49467 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.73744 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.074 Tw
(is a lac)Tj
2.80354 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(k)Tj
0.79346 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(of af)Tj
1.83334 0 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31777 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.80277 0 TD
(da)Tj
0.91386 0 TD
0 Tc
(b)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.074 Tw
[(le housing,)-309(what)]TJ
-12.16232 -1.17263 TD
0.101 Tw
(is the impact of a lack of housing on the com-)Tj
0 -1.1726 TD
0 Tc
(m)Tj
0.76283 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.037 Tw
[(unity)65(,)-273(on a lo)25(w-income f)10(amily)65(,)-273(on a neighbor-)]TJ
-0.76283 -1.1726 TD
0 Tw
(hood)Tj
1.94 0 TD
(.)Tj
0.67833 0 Td
(P)Tj
0.52611 0 TD
0.208 Tw
[(art of the challen)-1(ge is broadening the)]TJ
-3.14445 -1.1726 TD
0.035 Tw
(scope of w)Tj
4.25186 0 TD
0 Tw
(ha)Tj
0.91385 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.53304 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.035 Tw
[(the specif)20(ic w)9(ork a student might)]TJ
-5.69875 -1.17261 TD
0.071 Tw
[(be doing at an agenc)15(y and helping them under-)]TJ
0 -1.1726 TD
0.007 Tw
[(stand that in conte)15(xt. )17(T)1(ha)-1(t is really a tough thing)]TJ
T*
0.067 Tw
[(to do,)-302(and it seems lik)10(e it is often our responsi-)]TJ
0 -1.17259 TD
0.017 Tw
(bility as comm)Tj
5.76833 0 TD
(unity par)Tj
3.46465 0 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.49444 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.62621 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.017 Tw
(to help mak)Tj
4.58123 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.68117 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(those)Tj
-16.61603 -1.17261 TD
7.642 Tw
[(links. \321Community )7617(P)15(artner)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 70 340.4556 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.068 Tw
[(While community partners are de)24(v)20(oted to educat-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15533 TD
-0.022 Tw
[(ing students,)-213(and often percei)25(v)14(e this as a w)10(ay to \322gi)25(v)15(e)]TJ
0 -1.15534 TD
0 Tw
(bac)Tj
1.3427 0 TD
(k,)Tj
0.65017 0 TD
0 Tc
Tj
1.00672 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(comm)Tj
2.43952 0 TD
0.343 Tw
(unity par)Tj
3.79015 0 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.49444 0 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(s)Tj
0.95155 0 Td
(f)Tj
0.30824 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.343 Tw
(ace signif)Tj
4.03199 0 TD
(icant chal-)Tj
-16.01548 -1.15537 TD
0.276 Tw
[(lenges inherent in the w)9(ork itself. )18(These include)]TJ
0 -1.15534 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.069 Tw
(rappling with issues related to the academic calen-)Tj
-0.485 -1.15533 TD
0.269 Tw
[(dar and logistics,)-504(w)10(orkplace preparedness of stu-)]TJ
0 -1.15534 TD
0.285 Tw
[(dents,)-520(understanding the learning goals and their)]TJ
T*
-0.012 Tw
[(roles in the e)15(xperience,)-223(and dealing with recruitment,)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(supervision,)-260(placement,)-260(and e)24(v)25(aluation. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15534 TD
0.277 Tw
[(Their understanding of the benef)20(its of service-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15534 TD
0.202 Tw
[(learning for students and higher education institu)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15533 TD
0.143 Tw
(tions as a w)Tj
4.94079 0.00001 TD
[(hole lar)18(gel)-1(y mirrors the benef)20(its docu-)]TJ
-4.94079 -1.15535 TD
0.086 Tw
[(mented by higher education,)-322(and include:)-321(e)15(xploring)]TJ
0 -1.15533 TD
0.036 Tw
[(career options,)-272(b)20(uilding competenc)15(y in di)25(v)15(er)-1(sity and)]TJ
0 -1.15534 TD
0 Tc
(m)Tj
0.76283 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ulticultur)Tj
3.51578 0.00001 TD
-0.006 Tw
(al comm)Tj
3.36019 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(unica)Tj
2.09053 0.00001 TD
-0.006 Tw
(tion skills,)Tj
4.21 0.00001 TD
(obtaining dee)Tj
5.21405 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(per)Tj
-19.15338 -1.15537 TD
(kno)Tj
1.4301 0.00001 TD
(wledg)Tj
2.36861 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.66971 0 Td
(of)Tj
1.04361 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.66971 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(par)Tj
1.23181 0.00001 TD
0.006 Tw
(ticular issue or pr)Tj
6.70178 0.00001 TD
(ofession and the)Tj
-14.11534 -1.15537 TD
0.038 Tw
[(non-prof)19(it w)10(orld in general,)-274(de)25(v)15(eloping practical job)]TJ
0 -1.15533 TD
0.032 Tw
[(skills and job leads,)-267(culti)24(v)25(a)1(ting skills of eng)4(aged cit-)]TJ
0 -1.15534 TD
0.035 Tw
[(izenship and lifelong ser)-1(ving,)-269(enhancing self-esteem)]TJ
T*
0.071 Tw
[(and self-e)15(xploration,)-306(and de)25(v)15(eloping a greater sense)]TJ
T*
0.176 Tw
[(of connectedness in their colle)15(ge life. Man)15(y f)-1(ocus)]TJ
0 Tc
(g)'
0.485 0 TD
(r)Tj
0.3178 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.301 Tw
(oup par)Tj
3.2226 0 TD
(ticipants noted tha)Tj
7.64825 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.79873 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(the service-learning)Tj
-12.4723 -1.1554 TD
0 Tw
(acti)Tj
1.3585 0 TD
0.034 Tw
(vities a)Tj
2.7736 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.5313 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(their agencies aid in the retention of stu-)Tj
-4.6634 -1.1553 TD
0.184 Tw
[(dents in higher education by pro)15(viding a sense of)]TJ
T*
0.238 Tw
[(connectedness for students. )18(The)15(y indica)-1(ted that it)]TJ
22.5 63.68357 TD
0.13 Tw
(seemed to be particularly important for students of)Tj
0 -1.16024 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42891 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.088 Tw
[(olor and f)20(ir)-1(st generation colle)15(ge students,)-323(cor)-1(r)1(obo-)]TJ
-0.42891 -1.16024 TD
0.107 Tw
[(rating other studies in the literature \(e.g.,)-342(Gallini &)]TJ
T*
-0.013 Tc
0.372 Tw
[(Moely)64(,)-610(2)-1(0)-1(0)-1(3)-1(\))-1(.)-1( )-1(C)-1(o)-1(m)-1(m)-1(unity par)-1(tners also belie)25(v)14(e)]TJ
-0.0151 Tc
(h)'
0.48491 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.014 Tw
[(igher education institutions are moti)25(v)24(a)1(ted to colla)-1(b-)]TJ
-0.48491 -1.16024 TD
0.028 Tw
[(orate with them to impro)15(v)15(e the ima)-1(ge of the campus)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(and to obtain access to research sites and contacts. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 286 613.9359 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Spectrum of Distinct Benef)20(its to P)79(artner)10(s)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 295 595.1335 Tm
0 g
0.058 Tw
[(As a pre)25(vious qualitati)24(v)15(e study with community)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16024 TD
-0.035 Tw
[(partners af)24(f)20(irmed \(Bacon,)-215(2002\),)-215(relationships are a)]TJ
T*
0.102 Tw
[(major v)15(ehicle thr)-1(ough which learning and kno)25(wl-)]TJ
T*
-0.027 Tw
[(edge generation tak)10(e place f)-1(or community partners,)]TJ
T*
0.162 Tw
[(and through which the)15(y accr)-1(ue tangible benef)20(its.)]TJ
T*
0.059 Tw
(While all partners demonstrated a deep dedication)Tj
T*
0.121 Tw
[(to educating colle)15(ge students,)-372(their description of)]TJ
0 -1.16023 TD
-0.037 Tw
(other moti)Tj
4.0765 0.00001 TD
[(v)25(ations and benef)20(its for being in)39(v)20(olv)15(ed in)]TJ
-4.0765 -1.16026 TD
0.181 Tw
[(service-learning v)24(aried,)-431(and appear)-1(ed to be on a)]TJ
0 -1.16024 TD
0.087 Tw
[(continuum of those who spok)10(e mor)-1(e about \322brass)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(tac)Tj
1.16553 0 TD
0.052 Tw
[(ks\323)-303(benef)20(its pro)15(vided by indi)25(vidual colle)14(ge stu-)]TJ
-1.16553 -1.16024 TD
0 Tw
(dents,)Tj
2.6674 0 TD
0.057 Tw
(to those w)Tj
4.22396 0 TD
(ho descr)Tj
3.41618 0 TD
(ibed a need to contr)Tj
8.11272 0 TD
0 Tw
[(ib)20(ute)]TJ
-18.42026 -1.16026 TD
0.02 Tw
[(to the common good o)15(v)15(er)-1(all. )18(The benef)20(its commu-)]TJ
0 -1.16024 TD
0.081 Tw
[(nity partners describe in this study can b)-1(e cate)15(go-)]TJ
T*
0.197 Tw
[(rized as 1\) direct impact; 2\) enric)-1(hment; and 3\))]TJ
0 -1.16023 TD
0.329 Tw
[(social justice. )18(The follo)25(wing outlines t)-1(he )1(most)]TJ
0 -1.16024 TD
0.025 Tw
[(commonly described benef)19(its:)]TJ
0 -1.64601 TD
-0.015 Tc
(1. Dir)Tj
2.26752 0 TD
(ect Impact)Tj
-1.29521 -1.88024 TD
[((1a))-1125(Impact on client outcomes.)]TJ
-0.07231 -1.16024 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.037 Tw
(By eng)Tj
2.74274 0 TD
[(aging in relationships with nonprof)19(it clients,)]TJ
-3.64274 -1.16024 TD
0 Tw
(colle)Tj
1.8035 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.475 0 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(e)Tj
0.7187 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
0.075 Tw
(students ha)Tj
4.25132 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.46011 0 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(e)Tj
0.71866 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.71866 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
[(positi)25(v)15(e impact on client out-)]TJ
-9.14595 -1.16025 TD
0 Tw
(comes,)Tj
3.0616 0 TD
(suc)Tj
1.25778 0 TD
(h)Tj
0.88203 0 Td
0.182 Tw
(as y)Tj
1.66499 0 TD
0 Tw
(outh,)Tj
2.30998 0 TD
0.182 Tw
(English lear)Tj
4.6859 0 TD
0 Tw
(ner)Tj
1.20163 0 TD
(s,)Tj
0.99605 0 TD
0.182 Tw
(the elder)Tj
3.42714 0 TD
0 Tc
(l)Tj
0.25283 0 TD
-0.09 Tc
0 Tw
(y,)Tj
-19.73994 -1.16026 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.136 Tw
[(homeless,)-361(and disabled. )55(As described in man)15(y other)]TJ
0 -1.16023 TD
0.095 Tw
(studies \(e)Tj
3.64905 0 TD
[(.g.,)-320(Birdsall,)-320(2005; Jor)17(ge,)-320(2003; Schmidt &)]TJ
-3.64905 -1.16024 TD
-0.008 Tw
[(Robby)65(,)-217(2002;V)111(er)-1(non & F)15(oster)40(,)-217(2002\),)-217(colle)14(ge students)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.72662 0 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(e)Tj
0.75723 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
0.113 Tw
[(highly v)25(alued as age-appr)-1(opriate role models for)]TJ
-1.48385 -1.16025 TD
0.231 Tw
[(youth and gi)25(v)15(en credit for raising educa)-1(tional out-)]TJ
0 -1.16024 TD
0.205 Tw
(comes and ambition among y)Tj
11.94699 0.00001 TD
(outh. Ser)Tj
3.59083 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(vice-learners)Tj
-15.53782 -1.16026 TD
0.102 Tw
[(eng)5(age with people in v)25(ar)-1(ious other settings as well,)]TJ
0 -1.16024 TD
0.212 Tw
[(and pro)15(vide companionship for the elderly and for)]TJ
0 -1.16023 TD
0.025 Tw
[(other nonprof)20(it c)-1(lients such as the homeless.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 304 217.2018 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.59585 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.036 Tw
(he colle)Tj
3.03838 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.48501 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.69981 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(is r)Tj
1.22569 0.00001 TD
[(ight in our back yard f)-1(or a lot of)]TJ
-6.04473 -1.17807 TD
0.015 Tw
[(these high schools,)-251(it is gr)1(ea)-1(t to ha)20(v)15(e the colle)15(ge)]TJ
0 -1.17805 TD
-0.006 Tw
(students come because then these kids will think)Tj
T*
0.106 Tw
[(about going to colle)15(ge. It sho)25(ws that colle)15(ge is)]TJ
T*
6.354 Tw
[(possible. \321Community )6329(P)14(artner)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 295.7231 144.3875 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((1b))Tj
2.67385 0.00001 TD
0.367 Tw
(Sustaining and enhancing or)Tj
12.037 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
[(g)5(anizational)]TJ
-12.037 -1.16026 TD
[(capacity)65(.)]TJ
-2.74616 -1.16024 TD
-0.016 Tw
[(Service-learner)-1(s are a critical part of the w)10(or)-1(kforce)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16024 TD
0.123 Tw
[(of some partner or)18(g)4(anizations and help sustain and)]TJ
T*
0.059 Tw
[(e)15(xtend the capacity of K-12 and nonprof)19(it or)18(g)5(aniza-)]TJ
T*
0.15 Tw
[(tions,)-386(often enabling them to tak)10(e on ne)25(w projects)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(tha)Tj
1.17668 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.47946 0 Td
(w)Tj
0.69722 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.018 Tw
[(ould ha)20(v)15(e r)-1(emained \322on the back b)20(urner)54(.)70-198(The)14(y)]TJ
-2.35337 -1.16024 TD
0.338 Tw
(also enhance the w)Tj
8.31254 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.80276 0.00001 TD
(kf)Tj
0.80277 0.00001 TD
0.338 Tw
[(orce in v)25(ar)-1(ious w)10(ays by)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 35)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
36 0 obj
<<
/Length 14511
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(36)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Sandy &)-250(Holland)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(becoming future staf)25(f,)-260(donors,)-260(and v)19(olunteers. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 80 682.1879 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.088 Tw
[(Our program w)10(ould probably not survi)24(v)15(e if we)]TJ
0 -1.18027 TD
0.014 Tw
[(do not ha)20(v)15(e ser)-1(vice-learners. It\325)55(s economics. )30(W)80(e)]TJ
0 -1.18026 TD
0.064 Tw
[(couldn\325)18(t possibly hire the number of people we)]TJ
0 -1.18027 TD
0.025 Tw
[(need to do our programs. \321Community P)15(ar)-1(tner)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 634.0575 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(2. Enrichment )Tj
0.97231 -1.88223 TD
[((2a) )-865(Staf)25(f and or)18(g)5(aniza)-1(tional de)25(v)15(elopment.)]TJ
-0.07231 -1.16225 TD
0.184 Tw
[(Another major benef)20(it of partner)-1(ing is staf)25(f and)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16223 TD
0.197 Tw
[(or)18(g)4(anizational de)25(v)15(elopment. )30(When partnering with)]TJ
0 -1.16224 TD
-0.032 Tw
(higher education institutions and supervising service-)Tj
T*
-0.014 Tc
0.374 Tw
[(learners,)-610(par)-1(tners reflect mor)-1(e on or)18(g)5(anizational)]TJ
0 -1.16222 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.032 Tw
[(practices,)-267(and g)5(ain from the intellectual assets of the)]TJ
0 -1.16224 TD
0.277 Tw
[(academic institution by learning ne)25(w inf)-1(ormation)]TJ
0 -1.16223 TD
0.037 Tw
[(from students and obtaining g)-1(r)1(ea)-1(ter access to acade-)]TJ
0 -1.16224 TD
0.073 Tw
[(mic research. P)15(ar)-1(tners are often able to further their)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.78494 0.00001 TD
0.161 Tw
[(g)5(anization\325)55(s g)-1(oals by g)5(arnering greater access to)]TJ
-0.78494 -1.16224 TD
0.02 Tw
(the pr)Tj
2.23433 0.00001 TD
(estige associated with the academic institution,)Tj
-2.23433 -1.16225 TD
0.134 Tw
[(and it is often af)25(f)20(ir)-1(ming,)-369(ener)18(gizing,)-370(and enjo)10(yable)]TJ
0 -1.16223 TD
0.057 Tw
[(for staf)25(f to be in)40(v)19(olv)15(ed. Some ha)20(v)15(e e)24(v)15(en returned to)]TJ
0 -1.16225 TD
0.025 Tw
[(colle)15(ge themselv)14(es. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 80 446.3221 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.002 Tw
[([Students] mak)10(e us better prof)-1(essionals and the)15(y)]TJ
0 -1.18026 TD
0.003 Tw
(ask us the kind of questions tha)Tj
12.09216 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.50094 0 Td
(w)Tj
0.707 0 TD
(e)Tj
0.66699 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(ha)20(v)15(e f)-1(or)18(got-)]TJ
-13.96709 -1.18027 TD
0.002 Tw
[(ten about. I am part of a consortium with f)9(aculty)]TJ
0 -1.18025 TD
0.218 Tw
(and students and social service agencies. Not)Tj
0 -1.18027 TD
0 Tw
(onl)Tj
1.23283 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.76863 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(ar)Tj
0.74687 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.71275 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.049 Tw
(the students looking a)Tj
8.56521 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.54669 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(me b)Tj
1.94083 0 TD
(ut the)Tj
2.19351 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.76863 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(are)Tj
-17.47595 -1.18028 TD
0.078 Tw
(looking at me in comparison to the other agen-)Tj
0 -1.18025 TD
0.175 Tw
(cies tha)Tj
3.08118 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.67281 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(the)Tj
1.16187 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.8948 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.175 Tw
[(are interested in. In all le)25(v)14(els it)]TJ
-5.81065 -1.18027 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31777 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.80277 0 TD
0.147 Tw
(ces us to be mor)Tj
6.84472 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.81047 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.80287 0 TD
(of)Tj
0.80277 0 TD
(essional. )Tj
3.68813 0 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.84902 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.81053 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(ha)Tj
0.89411 0 TD
0.147 Tw
[(v)15(e to)]TJ
-16.62317 -1.18028 TD
0.006 Tw
[(look at our ethical v)25(alues because the)15(y ask those)]TJ
0 -1.18027 TD
0.025 Tw
[(kind of questions. )-2803(\321Community P)14(artner)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71.7231 331.8985 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[((2b) )-808(Incr)-1(easing community capacity)65(.)]TJ
-0.07231 -1.16223 TD
0.045 Tw
[(Social capital among community partner a)-1(gencies)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16224 TD
0.156 Tw
[(is often strengthened when uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sities foster link-)]TJ
0 -1.16223 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.018 Tw
(es among comm)Tj
6.32381 0 TD
(unity par)Tj
3.4297 0 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.49444 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.59126 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.018 Tw
(with w)Tj
2.64202 0 TD
(hom the)Tj
3.11205 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.70216 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(are)Tj
-19.20929 -1.16226 TD
(af)Tj
0.72171 0 TD
0.122 Tw
[(f)20(iliated. )17(T)1(his f)19(inding corroborates Gelmon et al.)7055(s)]TJ
-0.72171 -1.16224 TD
0.221 Tw
[((2001) w)10(or)-1(k and the study by )50(V)111(ernon and F)15(oster)]TJ
0 -1.16223 TD
0.122 Tw
[((2002) that found that )-1(\322service-learning and v)20(olun-)]TJ
0 -1.16225 TD
0.012 Tw
[(teer programs are conduits for b)20(uilding social ca)-1(pital)]TJ
0 -1.16223 TD
0.015 Tw
[(in a community)65(.)70-232(The partners e)14(xpressed strong ben-)]TJ
0 -1.16224 TD
0 Tw
(ef)Tj
0.72684 0.00001 TD
0.13 Tw
(its fr)Tj
1.9004 0.00001 TD
(om being con)Tj
5.48416 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ened b)Tj
2.678 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.85008 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(the academic institu-)Tj
-12.10959 -1.16227 TD
0.063 Tw
[(tion as a source for enhancing community netw)9(orks)]TJ
0 -1.16223 TD
0.025 Tw
(and relationships.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 80 186.2303 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.109 Tw
[(The uni)25(v)15(ersit)-1(y h)1(as)-1( brought us together as part-)]TJ
0 -1.18026 TD
-0.02 Tw
[(ners. )18(That\325)54(s a real important outcome of this uni-)]TJ
0 -1.18028 TD
0.329 Tw
[(v)15(er)-1(sity partnership and it has gro)25(wn. It has)]TJ
0 -1.18026 TD
0.125 Tw
[(brought dif)25(fer)-1(ent partners together from dif)25(fer)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(ent to)25(wns,)-260(fr)-1(om the same to)25(wn. )]TJ
9.99627 -1.18026 TD
[(\321Community P)15(ar)-1(tner )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 116.8553 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(3. Social J)Tj
4.0232 0 TD
0 Tw
(ustice )Tj
-3.0509 -1.8823 TD
0.025 Tw
[((3a) )-865(Moti)25(v)25(ated by the common good.)]TJ
-0.0723 -1.1622 TD
0.033 Tw
(Some comm)Tj
4.92483 0.00001 TD
(unity par)Tj
3.48 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.49445 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.64149 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(descr)Tj
2.03452 0.00001 TD
0.033 Tw
[(ibed their moti)25(v)25(a-)]TJ
-13.4753 -1.1623 TD
0.344 Tw
(tion f)Tj
2.3929 0 TD
(or being in)Tj
4.81632 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.46523 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(olv)15(ed with community-campus)]TJ
-7.6744 -1.1623 TD
0 Tw
(par)Tj
1.2316 0 TD
(tner)Tj
1.4944 0 TD
0.258 Tw
(ships as r)Tj
4.08765 0.00001 TD
(elated to a common struggle for)Tj
15.68629 63.68444 TD
0.123 Tw
[(social justice and equity)65(,)-358(a w)10(ay to strengthen com-)]TJ
0 -1.1585 TD
0.117 Tw
[(mon v)25(alues,)-352(b)20(uild their community)64(,)-351(and impact the)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(greater good. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 305 659.0553 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(B)Tj
0.65192 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.013 Tw
[(eing a participant in social change. )18(This should)]TJ
-0.65192 -1.17611 TD
0.025 Tw
[(be the ultimate goal. )-1798(\321Community P)15(artner )]TJ
0 -1.97611 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59585 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.015 Tw
[(his may sound corn)15(y)65(,)-220(especially these days,)-220(b)20(ut)]TJ
-0.59585 -1.17612 TD
0.051 Tw
[(the idea of service,)-286(the idea of doing something)]TJ
0 -1.17611 TD
-0.013 Tw
[(for the common good that benef)20(its lots of people)]TJ
0 -1.1761 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(i)Tj
0.26286 0.00001 TD
(s)Tj
0.74343 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.135 Tw
[(my moti)25(v)25(ation [for being in)39(v)20(olv)15(ed with ser-)]TJ
-1.00629 -1.17611 TD
0.124 Tw
[(vice-learning]. )55(And maybe you\325)49(re not going to)]TJ
T*
0.035 Tw
[(get paid a whole lot of mone)15(y for it,)-271(and maybe)]TJ
T*
0.135 Tw
[(you\325)50(re not going to cra)15(wl up the career ladder)]TJ
0 -1.17612 TD
0.017 Tw
[(doing it,)-252(b)19(ut it is the right thing to do for society)]TJ
0 -1.17611 TD
0.025 Tw
[(and the community)65(. )-2036(\321Community P)15(artner )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296.7231 527.2206 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.833 Tw
[((3b) T)35(ransfor)-1(mational )808(learning )]TJ
-0.07231 -1.1585 TD
-0.007 Tc
0.367 Tw
[(At se)25(v)15(er)-1(al focus groups,)-610(community partners)]TJ
-0.9 -1.1585 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.015 Tw
[(spok)10(e of the w)9(a)1(ys in whic)-1(h community-campus part-)]TJ
0 -1.15849 TD
0.171 Tw
[(nerships can transfor)-1(m kno)25(wledge by bridging the)]TJ
0 -1.1585 TD
0.025 Tw
[(g)5(ap between theory and practice,)-261(pro)15(viding opportu-)]TJ
0 -1.15851 TD
0.159 Tw
(nities f)Tj
2.78848 0 TD
(or r)Tj
1.51498 0 TD
[(eflection and fur)-1(the)1(r)-1(ing ne)25(w theory that)]TJ
-4.30346 -1.15849 TD
0.149 Tw
[(can change both our kno)25(wledge and practice)-1(. )18(This)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(ma)Tj
1.19168 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.91283 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.193 Tw
(speak to the de)Tj
6.29909 0 TD
[(v)15(elopment of ne)25(w kno)25(wledg)-1(e)]TJ
-8.40361 -1.15851 TD
0.022 Tw
[(generation that connects the dif)25(fer)-1(ent w)10(ays of kno)25(w-)]TJ
0 -1.1585 TD
0.18 Tw
(ing in community-campus partnerships that Bacon)Tj
T*
0.025 Tw
((2002) descr)Tj
4.86991 0 TD
0 Tw
(ibes.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 305 393.5859 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.069 Tw
(And it g)Tj
3.29645 -0.00001 TD
[(ets at,)-305(\324This is the pedagogy thing. But)]TJ
-3.29645 -1.17611 TD
-0.003 Tw
[(this is the real thing.)70-141(The colle)15(ge kind of li)25(v)15(es in)]TJ
T*
0.053 Tw
[(the w)10(or)-1(ld of theory)65(,)-288(and we li)25(v)15(e in the w)9(orld of)]TJ
T*
0.022 Tw
[(reality)65(,)-257(and we hardly get to think about the the-)]TJ
0 -1.1761 TD
0.064 Tw
[(ory because we\325)49(re rushing from w)10(ork. )17(T)1(his is a)]TJ
0 -1.17611 TD
0.138 Tw
(place to try on this theory or this practice and)Tj
T*
0.025 Tw
[(let\325)55(s see if it w)9(orks. )-2158(\321Community P)15(ar)-1(tner )]TJ
0 -1.97611 TD
-0.018 Tw
[(If I w)10(as a pr)-1(ofessor)55(...I\325)50(d reall)-1(y w)10(ant to w)10(ork with)]TJ
0 -1.1761 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(a)Tj
0.70998 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.046 Tw
[(school,)-281(not just send students,)-282(b)20(ut actually get)]TJ
-0.70998 -1.17611 TD
0.063 Tw
[(myself in there,)-298(do data,)-298(measure,)-298(tr)-1(y on dif)25(f)1(er)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.01 Tw
(ent things. )Tj
4.20069 0 TD
[(And on the other side,)-245(as [K-12] edu-)]TJ
-4.20069 -1.17612 TD
0.071 Tw
[(cators,)-306(we do the same thing)-1(. )30(W)80(e just sit in our)]TJ
0 -1.1761 TD
0.025 Tw
[(classrooms and teach what we kno)24(w)65(. )]TJ
9.99627 -1.17611 TD
[(\321Community P)15(ar)-1(tner )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 287 232.5553 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(4. Balance on the Benef)20(its Spectrum)]TJ
0.9 -1.8785 TD
0.091 Tw
[(All focus groups included length)5(y discussions on)]TJ
-0.9 -1.1585 TD
0.073 Tw
[(the man)15(y direct benef)19(its to agenc)15(y clients \(1 abo)15(v)15(e\))]TJ
0 -1.15849 TD
0.079 Tw
[(and the enrichment opportunities f)-1(or their or)18(g)5(aniza-)]TJ
0 -1.15851 TD
0.076 Tw
[(tions and for themselv)15(es personall)-1(y \(2 abo)15(v)15(e\). Both)]TJ
0 -1.15849 TD
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.71193 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(po)Tj
0.94505 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.70693 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.048 Tw
(erful themes on moti)Tj
8.12219 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4601 0.00001 TD
(a)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(tions and benef)20(its for)]TJ
-12.12166 -1.15854 TD
0.054 Tw
[(community partners in the stud)-1(y)65(. )30(While issues relat-)]TJ
0 -1.15849 TD
-0.002 Tw
[(ed to social justice \(3 abo)15(v)15(e\) wer)-1(e v)20(oiced by a small-)]TJ
0 -1.1585 TD
0.01 Tw
(er n)Tj
1.47639 0 TD
(umber of people o)Tj
7.06217 0 TD
[(v)15(er)-1(all)1-1(about half of the focus)]TJ
-8.53856 -1.15851 TD
0.034 Tw
[(groups in)40(v)20(olv)15(ed discussed social justice in detail\321it)]TJ
0 -1.1585 TD
0.092 Tw
[(is interesting to note that those community partner)-1(s)]TJ
0 -1.15849 TD
0 Tw
(moti)Tj
1.7486 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.46009 0.00001 TD
(a)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(ted b)Tj
1.92127 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.74446 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(the hope f)Tj
3.8976 0.00001 TD
(or social justice descr)Tj
8.36329 0.00001 TD
(ibe this)Tj
-17.56416 -1.15854 TD
0.019 Tw
[(phenomenon in w)10(ays that f)9(aculty and students speak)]TJ
0 -1.1585 TD
0.029 Tw
[(of social justice. )18(The emphasis on social justice may)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(lar)Tj
0.99162 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(el)Tj
0.69168 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.71486 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.005 Tw
(be an indi)Tj
3.7585 0.00001 TD
(vidual pr)Tj
3.44225 0.00001 TD
[(efer)-1(ence,)-230(and their moti)25(v)25(a-)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 36)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
37 0 obj
<<
/Length 14495
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(37)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 349.7811 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Dif)18(fer)36(ent )40(W)92(orlds and Common Gr)45(ound)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.017 Tw
[(tions are lik)10(el)-1(y as v)25(aried as the moti)24(v)25(a)1(tions v)19(oiced by)]TJ
0 -1.17151 TD
0.005 Tc
0.361 Tw
[(higher education practitioners,)-616(some of whom)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.337 Tw
[(emphasize the role service-lear)-1(ning as pedagogy)]TJ
T*
0.073 Tw
[(while others stress ci)25(vic eng)4(a)1(gement g)-1(oals or social)]TJ
T*
0.018 Tw
[(justice \(Holland,)-254(2002\). )55(As Dorado and Giles (2004))]TJ
T*
0.127 Tw
[(posit,)-362(ho)25(we)25(v)15(er)39(,)-362(r)1(ela)-1(tionships in campus-community)]TJ
T*
-0.005 Tw
[(partnerships ar)-1(e influenced by institutional as well as)]TJ
T*
0.322 Tw
[(indi)25(vidual f)9(actors. )18(The \322ease\323)-557(of the partnership)]TJ
0 -1.1715 TD
0.094 Tw
[(e)15(xperience seemed to mak)10(e a dif)24(f)1(er)-1(ence in whether)]TJ
0 -1.17151 TD
0.241 Tw
[(or not indi)25(vidual community partner)-1(s emphasized)]TJ
T*
0.372 Tw
[(benef)20(its that w)-1(ere more short-term or altr)-1(uistic.)]TJ
T*
0.008 Tw
[(Those partners who described themselv)14(es as acti)25(v)15(ely)]TJ
T*
-0.005 Tc
0.365 Tw
[(struggling with the log)-1(istics of the partnership)]TJ
0 -1.17152 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.052 Tw
[(seemed to tak)10(e the most \322tr)-1(ansactional\323)-287(approach in)]TJ
T*
0.162 Tw
[(ensuring their institution recei)24(v)15(ed direct short-term)]TJ
0 -1.17151 TD
0.137 Tw
[(g)5(ains to mak)10(e the par)-1(tnership w)10(orthwhile)-1(. P)15(artners)]TJ
T*
0.142 Tw
[(that seemed to e)15(xper)-1(ience fe)25(wer of these obstacles)]TJ
T*
-0.014 Tw
[(often spok)10(e more a)-1(bout desire to further the common)]TJ
0 Tc
(g)'
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ood)Tj
1.455 0 TD
(.)Tj
0.68813 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(A)Tj
1.21483 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(compar)Tj
2.90844 0 TD
0.273 Tw
(ison of ho)Tj
4.37073 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(w)Tj
1.21485 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(these direct impact,)Tj
-12.33698 -1.17152 TD
0.282 Tw
[(enric)-1(hment,)-517(and social justice benef)20(its v)19(oiced by)]TJ
0 -1.17151 TD
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.43951 0 TD
0.003 Tw
(unity par)Tj
3.44986 0 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.49445 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.61138 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.003 Tw
(might cor)Tj
3.72781 0 TD
(respond with the map-)Tj
-11.72301 -1.17152 TD
0.061 Tw
[(ping of the relationships between lear)-1(ning and serv-)]TJ
0 -1.17151 TD
-0.006 Tc
0.365 Tw
(ing in Rober)Tj
5.66487 0 TD
-0.0055 Tc
(t)Tj
0.88235 0 Td
-0.006 Tc
0 Tw
(Sigmon\325)Tj
3.35137 0 TD
-0.0055 Tc
(s)Tj
0.99348 0 TD
-0.006 Tc
0.365 Tw
(\322Linking Ser)Tj
5.49303 0 TD
(vice with)Tj
-16.3851 -1.17152 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.04 Tw
[(Learning\323)-276((1994) could help shed more light on this)]TJ
0 -1.17151 TD
0.025 Tw
(in the futur)Tj
4.31288 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 402.2753 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Mor)37(e F)74(aculty In)40(volvement in the P)80(artner)9(ship)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 383.3603 Tm
0 g
0.214 Tw
(There is a profound missed opportunity when)Tj
-0.9 -1.17151 TD
0.3 Tw
[(f)10(aculty are absent from the comm)-1(unity-campus)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(colla)Tj
1.94336 0 TD
(bor)Tj
1.33276 0 TD
(a)Tj
0.44385 0 TD
0.218 Tw
[(tion and their students\325)-394(service-lear)-1(ning)]TJ
-3.71997 -1.17152 TD
0 Tw
[(e)15(xperiences. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 80 330.2999 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Comm)Tj
2.66266 0 TD
0.235 Tw
[(unication with professor)-1(s seems to f)10(all)]TJ
-2.66266 -1.19057 TD
0.277 Tw
[(apart. )30(W)80(e w)9(ould appreciate a heads-up from)]TJ
T*
0.117 Tw
[(them about what the)14<79D5>50(re going to do and what)]TJ
0 -1.19056 TD
0.025 Tw
[(their goals are.)-4258(\321Community P)15(ar)-1(tner)]TJ
0 -1.99057 TD
0 Tw
(Ma)Tj
1.30277 -0.00001 TD
0.271 Tw
[(ybe the f)10(aculty should ha)19(v)15(e to do f)20(ifteen)]TJ
-1.30277 -1.19056 TD
7.365 Tw
[(hours. \321Community )7340(P)15(artner)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 250.6094 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.17 Tw
[(Community partners indica)-1(ted that their greatest)]TJ
-0.9 -1.17151 TD
-0.035 Tw
[(challenge in partnering with campuses is to f)19(ind w)10(ays)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tw
(to inter)Tj
2.72508 0.00001 TD
[(act directly with f)9(aculty through ongoing,)-220(rec-)]TJ
-2.72508 -1.17151 TD
0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(ipr)Tj
1.12559 0.00001 TD
0.483 Tw
(ocal r)Tj
2.76145 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ela)Tj
1.18051 0.00001 TD
0.483 Tw
[(tionships,)-738(become collaborators in)]TJ
-5.06755 -1.17153 TD
0.386 Tw
[(designing the service-learning curriculum,)-641(and)]TJ
0 -1.1715 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(eng)Tj
1.39397 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42884 0.00001 TD
(g)Tj
0.48501 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.67654 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.013 Tw
(with f)Tj
2.27343 0 TD
(aculty mor)Tj
4.16673 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.67654 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(dee)Tj
1.34278 0 TD
(pl)Tj
0.74783 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.73265 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.013 Tw
[(in the w)10(or)-1(k of their)]TJ
-12.92432 -1.17155 TD
0.02 Tw
[(agencies. )55(As Gelmon et al. (1998) advise,)-256(communi-)]TJ
0 -1.17151 TD
0.161 Tw
(ty par)Tj
2.37582 0.00001 TD
[(tners and f)9(aculty)1( )-1(n)1(eed to become mor)-1(e cog-)]TJ
-2.37582 -1.17152 TD
0.16 Tw
[(nizant of community strengths and needs,)-395(to w)9(ork)]TJ
0 -1.17151 TD
0 Tw
(to)Tj
0.74783 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.021 Tw
(ether to come to a)Tj
6.81117 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
(r)Tj
0.31777 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(eement on a c)Tj
5.26828 0 TD
(lear messa)Tj
4.02111 0.00001 TD
(ge for)Tj
-18.13616 -1.17155 TD
0.286 Tw
[(students,)-521(and to create more appr)-1(opriate service-)]TJ
0 -1.17151 TD
-0.007 Tw
[(learning e)15(xper)-1(iences that are link)10(ed to the classroom.)]TJ
T*
0.238 Tw
[(There w)10(as an o)14(v)15(erwhelming clamor among these)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.4395 0 TD
0.311 Tw
(unity par)Tj
3.75877 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.49445 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.92028 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(tha)Tj
1.1768 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(t)Tj
0.80908 0 Td
(f)Tj
0.30824 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.311 Tw
(aculty should be more)Tj
-10.9071 -1.1715 TD
0.096 Tw
[(directly in)39(v)20(olv)15(ed with their sites and w)10(or)-1(k to better)]TJ
T*
0.131 Tw
[(understand the culture,)-366(conditions,)-366(and practices of)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(their community co-educators. )Tj
23.4 63.68423 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.013 Tw
[(The impact of their weak connection with f)10(aculty is)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16771 TD
0.035 Tw
[(disturbing. )55(All eight focus group sites indicated that it)]TJ
0 Tc
(w)'
0.68716 0.00001 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.098 Tw
[(as f)10(air)-1(l)1(y commonplace f)-1(or f)10(aculty to create assign-)]TJ
-0.68716 -1.1677 TD
-0.009 Tw
[(ments that wer)-1(e ille)15(g)5(al or inappropria)-1(te for their w)10(ork-)]TJ
0 -1.16771 TD
0.038 Tw
[(places,)-263(and that curriculum or schedule changes often)]TJ
T*
0.041 Tw
[(occur without their consent or prior kno)25(wledge,)-266(caus-)]TJ
0 -1.1677 TD
0.237 Tw
[(ing signif)20(icant disruption for a)-1(genc)15(y staf)25(f. P)15(artners)]TJ
0 -1.16771 TD
0.041 Tw
[(also report that the)15(y ar)-1(e rarely infor)-1(med about assess-)]TJ
0 -1.1677 TD
0.192 Tw
[(ment and e)25(v)25(aluation outcomes for student learning)-1(.)]TJ
0 -1.16771 TD
0.326 Tw
[(Recruitment processes,)-551(on-campus orientations for)]TJ
T*
-0.028 Tw
[(ne)25(w and e)15(xper)-1(ienced partners,)-196(o)-1(rientations for service-)]TJ
T*
-0.019 Tc
0.369 Tw
[(learners,)-601(e)25(v)25(aluation,)-601(recognition,)-600(and celebra)-1(tions)]TJ
T*
-0.025 Tc
0.218 Tw
[(were all discussed as important areas f)-1(or impro)15(v)15(e-)]TJ
T*
0.058 Tw
[(ment. )18(These community partners also pro)14(vided man)15(y)]TJ
0 -1.1677 TD
0.03 Tw
[(e)15(xamples of partnership e)15(xperiences tha)-1(t w)10(ork)10(ed well)]TJ
0 -1.16771 TD
0.02 Tw
[(with f)10(aculty)64(,)-244(inc)-1(luding joint planning days prior to the)]TJ
T*
0.19 Tw
[(start of the semester)40(,)-416(on-going collaboration with a)]TJ
T*
0.115 Tw
[(f)10(aculty member throughout the lifespan of a project,)]TJ
T*
0.205 Tw
[(clearly def)20(ined responsibilities,)-430(and shared e)15(xpecta-)]TJ
0 -1.1677 TD
0.025 Tw
(tions and roles for students. )Tj
0.9 -1.16771 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.067 Tw
[(As Miron and Moely (2005) report,)-302(there are still)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16771 TD
0.344 Tw
[(signif)20(icant benef)19(its to community-based agencies)]TJ
0 -1.1677 TD
0.056 Tw
(and positi)Tj
3.79781 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.72015 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(inter)Tj
1.75742 0 TD
0.056 Tw
(actions with higher education part-)Tj
-6.74548 -1.16772 TD
0.01 Tw
(ners in the absence of co-planning and authentic col-)Tj
0 -1.16771 TD
0 Tw
(la)Tj
0.69168 0 TD
(bor)Tj
1.28777 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42884 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.004 Tw
[(tion,)-240(b)20(ut these partners indicate that the \322sta)-1(tus)]TJ
-2.40829 -1.16771 TD
0 Tw
(quo\323)Tj
2.10345 0 TD
-0.015 Tw
(with f)Tj
2.2452 0 TD
(aculty r)Tj
2.89073 0 TD
0 Tw
(ela)Tj
1.12053 0 TD
-0.015 Tw
(tionships is often unacce)Tj
9.43674 0 TD
0 Tw
(pta)Tj
1.17668 0 TD
(ble.)Tj
-18.97333 -1.16773 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.92885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.094 Tw
(hile f)Tj
2.07609 0 TD
[(aculty in)40(v)19(olv)15(ement,)-328(co-planning)-1(,)-328(e)25(v)25(aluation,)]TJ
-3.00494 -1.1677 TD
0.039 Tw
(and cele)Tj
3.22209 0 TD
0 Tw
(br)Tj
0.80276 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.039 Tw
(tion ar)Tj
2.51614 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.70264 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(all usually included as important)Tj
-7.67248 -1.16773 TD
0.024 Tw
[(characteristics of ef)24(f)1(ecti)24(v)15(e partnerships \(e.g.,)-259(Honnet)]TJ
0 -1.16771 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(&)Tj
1.28713 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.271 Tw
[(Poulsen,)-525(1989; T)80(orres,)-524(2000\),)-525(practicing )-18(these)]TJ
-1.28713 -1.1677 TD
-0.003 Tw
[(principles more diligentl)-1(y)65(,)-231(and with a greater empha)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.16771 TD
0.16 Tw
[(sis on co-teaching,)-395(may go a long w)9(ay to demon-)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(strating respect to community partner)-1(s. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 289.6 309.8095 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Higher Educa)Tj
5.48222 0 TD
(tion Institutions as Citiz)Tj
9.26876 0 TD
(en and)Tj
-15.01098 -1.21772 TD
[(Community P)80(artner)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 278.7554 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.054 Tw
(All of the comm)Tj
6.51983 0 TD
(unity par)Tj
3.5017 0 TD
[(tners at the participa)-1(ting)]TJ
-10.92153 -1.16771 TD
0.194 Tw
[(campuses stressed that the)15(y w)9(ould welcome more)]TJ
T*
0.136 Tw
[(opportunities to netw)10(or)-1(k with their campus partner)]TJ
0 -1.1677 TD
0.077 Tw
[(and partnering agencies. Experienced par)-1(tners often)]TJ
0 -1.16771 TD
0.082 Tw
[(desire more coordina)-1(ted in)40(v)20(olv)15(ement in lar)17(ger)20(-scale)]TJ
0 -1.1677 TD
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.43951 0.00001 TD
0.183 Tw
(unity de)Tj
3.28724 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(elopment initia)Tj
5.984 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ti)Tj
0.50076 0.00001 TD
0.183 Tw
[(v)15(es,)-418(and some rec-)]TJ
-12.68161 -1.16774 TD
0.019 Tw
[(ommended that the campus tak)10(e on a leader)-1(ship role)]TJ
0 -1.1677 TD
0.025 Tw
[(in bringing community members together)54(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 305 179.139 Tm
0 g
0.0043 Tc
(I)Tj
0.94717 0 Td
(w)Tj
0.71671 0.00001 TD
0.004 Tc
0.356 Tw
(ould lik)Tj
3.46509 0 TD
0.0044 Tc
(e)Tj
1.05835 0 Td
0.004 Tc
(to g)Tj
1.90125 0.00001 TD
(et out of the inter)Tj
8.39343 0 TD
0 Tw
(nship)Tj
-16.48199 -1.18637 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.065 Tw
[(approach,)-300(to look at wha)-1(t has to happen for the)]TJ
0 -1.18634 TD
0 Tw
(br)Tj
0.80277 0.00001 TD
-0.002 Tw
(oader pur)Tj
3.66625 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(pose)Tj
1.77276 0.00001 TD
(...I\325)Tj
1.29074 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.66191 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.002 Tw
(been pushing f)Tj
5.67327 0.00001 TD
(or [the uni-)Tj
-14.3378 -1.18638 TD
0.08 Tw
[(v)15(er)-1(sity] to tak)10(e a lar)18(ger)19(-scale community-based)]TJ
0 -1.18635 TD
0.198 Tw
[(look at some of these things,)-433(so students can)]TJ
0 -1.18633 TD
0.113 Tw
[(interact o)15(v)14(er a longer time-span,)-348(allo)25(w a lot of)]TJ
0 -1.18635 TD
0.178 Tw
[(students to [participate] and also ha)19(v)15(e a more)]TJ
0 -1.18634 TD
0.138 Tw
[(inter)20(-disciplinar)-1(y approach throughout the pro-)]TJ
0 -1.18633 TD
0 Tw
(ject. )Tj
9.98127 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(\321Community P)15(ar)-1(tner )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 74.8453 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.015 Tw
(Perhaps because of the importance education insti-)Tj
-0.9 -1.16771 TD
0.124 Tw
[(tutions play in the de)25(v)15(elopment of social capital in)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 37)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
38 0 obj
<<
/Length 14536
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(38)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Sandy &)-250(Holland)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.017 Tw
[(rural areas \(Miller)39(,)-217(1997\),)-218(it w)10(as predominantly com-)]TJ
0 -1.16676 TD
0.355 Tw
[(munity partners based in more rur)-1(al areas who)]TJ
T*
0.011 Tw
[(v)20(oiced interest in this. In urban areas,)-247(in contrast,)-246(the)]TJ
T*
0.041 Tw
[(relationships community partners ha)19(v)15(e with an)15(y one)]TJ
0 -1.16675 TD
0.232 Tw
(campus did not appear to be as critical for them)Tj
0 -1.16676 TD
0.092 Tw
[(because the)15(y routinely par)-1(tner with so man)15(y higher)]TJ
T*
0.15 Tw
[(education institutions. In f)10(act,)-385(comm)-1(unity agencies)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(may help bridge connections among uni)24(v)15(ersities:)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 80 600.4697 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.108 Tw
[(W)80(e had a partnership with tw)9(o uni)25(v)15(ersities. So)]TJ
0 -1.18529 TD
0.136 Tw
[(these tw)10(o uni)25(v)14(ersities and tw)10(o sets of students)]TJ
T*
0.123 Tw
[(ne)25(v)15(er par)-1(tnered and at the end of our program)]TJ
T*
0.007 Tw
[(students were sa)-1(ying we should ha)20(v)15(e one or tw)10(o)]TJ
0 -1.18528 TD
0.081 Tw
[(classes on social welf)10(ar)-1(e for our child de)25(v)15(elop)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.18529 TD
0.026 Tw
[(ment department and vice v)14(ersa. I kno)25(w there is)]TJ
-0.0151 Tc
(a)'
0.75904 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.095 Tw
[(linkage no)25(w with the prof)-1(essors and that had)]TJ
-0.75904 -1.18529 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ne)25(v)15(er ha)-1(ppened before. )-685(\321Comm)-1(unity P)15(artner)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 506.9289 Tm
0 g
-0.0152 Tc
(A)Tj
1.10264 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.161 Tw
[(fe)25(w community partners \321 in both r)-1(ural and)]TJ
-2.00264 -1.16675 TD
0.075 Tw
[(urban settings \321 v)20(oiced concern tha)-1(t higher educa-)]TJ
0 -1.16677 TD
0.037 Tw
[(tion campuses and service-learning of)25(f)20(ices f)-1(ocus too)]TJ
0 -1.16675 TD
0 Tc
(m)Tj
0.76283 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(uc)Tj
0.91385 0 TD
(h)Tj
0.88393 0 Td
0.164 Tw
[(on indi)25(vidual courses and programs and not)]TJ
-2.56061 -1.16677 TD
0.235 Tw
(enough on the ob)Tj
7.37971 0 TD
0 Tw
(lig)Tj
1.00578 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.235 Tw
(tion of the higher education)Tj
-8.81434 -1.16677 TD
0.132 Tw
(institution to par)Tj
6.60352 0 TD
0 Tw
(ticipa)Tj
2.1312 0 TD
0.132 Tw
(te as a par)Tj
4.25465 0 TD
(tner in community)Tj
-12.98937 -1.16677 TD
0 Tw
(ma)Tj
1.19168 0 TD
(tter)Tj
1.27228 0 TD
0.017 Tw
(s. In suppor)Tj
4.54659 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.51436 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(of their r)Tj
3.38113 0 TD
[(equest,)-252(it might be inter-)]TJ
-10.90604 -1.16678 TD
0.272 Tw
[(esting to learn if higher education partners)-1( gr)1(o)25(w)]TJ
0 -1.16676 TD
0.043 Tw
[(more committed to community de)25(v)14(elopment as the)15(y)]TJ
T*
0.05 Tw
[(spend more time eng)5(aging in service-learning w)9(ork.)]TJ
T*
0.15 Tw
[(This study\325)55(s resear)-1(c)1(h team ma)-1(y not ha)20(v)15(e had ade-)]TJ
0 -1.16675 TD
0 Tw
(qua)Tj
1.39885 0 TD
0.138 Tw
(te r)Tj
1.38253 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.80276 0 TD
0.138 Tw
[(esentation among those who might w)9(ork)]TJ
-4.01299 -1.16677 TD
0.016 Tw
(with academic institutions on long)Tj
13.32744 0 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.72684 0 TD
(-ter)Tj
1.32721 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(m)Tj
1.01331 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(comm)Tj
2.4396 0 TD
(uni)Tj
1.23284 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06724 -1.16677 TD
-0.005 Tc
0.365 Tw
(ty de)Tj
2.28685 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.48012 0 TD
-0.005 Tc
(elopment pr)Tj
5.11414 0 TD
(ojects in w)Tj
4.99743 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.43887 0 TD
-0.005 Tc
(ys ad)Tj
2.42283 0 TD
[(v)20(ocated by)]TJ
-15.74024 -1.16678 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.136 Tw
[(Harka)19(vy (1999) and Bringle (1999) to address this)]TJ
0 -1.16676 TD
0 Tw
[(adequately)65(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 64.6 315.3898 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Diver)9(se )35(V)74(ie)15(ws of Infr)15(astructur)36(e)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 296.5222 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.034 Tw
[(Experienced community partner)-1(s may require dif-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16676 TD
0.058 Tw
[(ferent types of support from ser)-1(vice-learning of)25(f)20(ices)]TJ
T*
0.179 Tw
[(than ne)25(w partners. F)-1(indings by )50(V)111(ernon and F)15(oster)]TJ
0 -1.16675 TD
-0.03 Tw
[((2002) reinfor)-1(ce the best practices literature \(Campus)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(Compact,)Tj
4.05635 0.00001 TD
0.081 Tw
(1999\) b)Tj
3.05876 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.80081 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(indica)Tj
2.35354 0.00001 TD
0.081 Tw
(ting tha)Tj
2.98834 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.57873 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(community part-)Tj
-13.83653 -1.16678 TD
0 Tw
(ner)Tj
1.23161 0.00001 TD
(s,)Tj
0.86301 0.00001 TD
(par)Tj
1.23161 0.00001 TD
(ticular)Tj
2.44896 0.00001 TD
0.019 Tw
(ly those in the early stages of partner-)Tj
-5.77519 -1.16678 TD
0 Tw
(ship,)Tj
2.0811 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.41396 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(xpr)Tj
1.28776 0.00001 TD
0.004 Tw
(ess m)Tj
2.17886 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(uc)Tj
0.91385 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.72415 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.004 Tw
[(more satisf)9(action in their campus)]TJ
-7.59968 -1.16679 TD
0 Tw
(par)Tj
1.23161 0 TD
(tner)Tj
1.49445 0 TD
-0.029 Tw
(ships w)Tj
2.89323 0 TD
(hen ther)Tj
3.09893 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.6344 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(is a ser)Tj
2.59748 0.00001 TD
[(vice-learning of)25(f)20(ice to)]TJ
-11.9501 -1.16679 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.308 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(acilita)Tj
2.33787 0.00001 TD
0.098 Tw
(te student placement and pr)Tj
10.98333 0 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.4701 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(vide an accessi)Tj
5.96795 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06725 -1.16679 TD
(b)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.092 Tw
(le contact point. )Tj
6.65257 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(her)Tj
1.23161 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.75578 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.092 Tw
(is also con)Tj
4.2003 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(er)17(gence on this)]TJ
-14.3912 -1.1668 TD
-0.035 Tw
(point in the four models of higher education literature)Tj
0 -1.16675 TD
0.015 Tw
[(\(Holland,)-251(2005; Campus Compact,)-250(2000; Holland &)]TJ
T*
-0.008 Tw
[(Ramaly)65(,)-227(1998; Lieder)-1(man et al.,)-227(2003; )18(T)80(orres,)-227(2000\).)]TJ
0 -1.16676 TD
0.038 Tw
[(While the e)15(xperienced community partner)-1(s in)40(v)20(olv)15(ed)]TJ
T*
0.036 Tw
[(with this study e)15(xpressed v)14(ery high satisf)10(action with)]TJ
T*
0.002 Tw
[(the staf)25(f of service-lear)-1(ning of)25(f)20(ices,)-237(described by one)]TJ
T*
0.026 Tw
[(group as the \322f)10(ace and hear)-1<74D3>-260(of the institution,)-261(there)]TJ
T*
0.077 Tw
[(is some e)25(vidence that service-lear)-1(ning of)25(f)20(ices,)-312(in an)]TJ
T*
0.017 Tw
[(attempt to \322mak)10(e things easier\323)-253(for f)10(aculty and com-)]TJ
T*
0.107 Tw
[(munity partners,)-342(often function as unkno)24(wing g)5(ate-)]TJ
T*
0.186 Tw
[(k)10(ee)-1(pers or barriers for these partners who seek to)]TJ
22.5 63.68398 TD
0.025 Tw
[(mak)10(e authentic connections with f)9(aculty)65(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 305 682.2578 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.23 Tw
[(Is it just the service-learning coordina)-1(tor that)]TJ
0 -1.17251 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(cares about this program? )-81(\321Community P)5(a)-10(r)-10(t)-10(n)-10(e)-10(r)]TJ
0 -1.9725 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.109 Tw
[<49D5>49(v)15(e ne)25(v)15(er de)25(v)15(eloped a r)-1(elationship with a pro-)]TJ
0 -1.17251 TD
0.098 Tw
[(fessor)55(. I w)10(or)-1(k with the service-learning coordi-)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(nator primar)-1(ily)65(,)-260(and some students. )]TJ
9.99627 -1.17251 TD
[(\321Community P)15(ar)-1(tner )]TJ
-9.64503 -1.97251 TD
0.116 Tw
[([The ser)-1(vice-learning of)25(f)20(ice] k)10(ee)-1(ps the list [of)]TJ
-0.35123 -1.1725 TD
-0.017 Tw
[(participating f)9(aculty]. )18(The)15(y ha)20(v)14(e a lot of concern)]TJ
0 -1.17251 TD
0.127 Tw
(that administrators come and get a hold of the)Tj
T*
0.013 Tw
[(list and recruit students befor)-1(e the)15(y assign them. )]TJ
9.99627 -1.17251 TD
0.025 Tw
[(\321Community P)15(ar)-1(tner)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 543.5793 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.308 Tw
[(Community partners r)-1(ecognize that f)10(aculty ar)-1(e)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15525 TD
-0.037 Tw
(essential to their ongoing collaboration with the high-)Tj
0 -1.15526 TD
0.137 Tw
[(er education institution and w)10(ould a)-1(ppreciate more)]TJ
T*
0.013 Tw
(assistance in making those connections from the ser-)Tj
0 -1.15527 TD
0.342 Tw
[(vice-learning of)25(f)20(ices. )17(T)1(hese par)-1(tners e)15(xpressed a)]TJ
0 -1.15526 TD
0 Tw
(tr)Tj
0.5806 0 TD
0.072 Tw
(emendous de)Tj
5.15554 0 TD
(pth of a)Tj
3.06404 0 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.69716 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
0.072 Tw
(eness of academic cultur)Tj
9.71221 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
-19.95616 -1.15528 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.024 Tw
[(and campus politics; some sites were w)9(orried that the)]TJ
0 -1.15525 TD
0 Tw
(ser)Tj
1.12053 0 TD
(vice-lear)Tj
3.36159 0 TD
0.157 Tw
[(ning of)25(f)20(ices do not ha)20(v)14(e support of the)]TJ
-4.48212 -1.15527 TD
0.107 Tw
[(higher education institution o)15(v)15(er)-1(all,)-342(and are vie)24(wed)]TJ
0 -1.15526 TD
0.025 Tw
(as inconsistent with campus culture and norms. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 287 423.1958 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Access and F)75(airness)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 404.4432 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.129 Tw
[(F)15(ocus group participants spent considerable time)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15526 TD
0 Tw
(str)Tj
0.95451 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.01 Tw
[(te)15(gizing to)-1(gether on ho)25(w to g)5(ain greater entr\216e to)]TJ
-1.38336 -1.15525 TD
0.196 Tw
[(their higher education institution partner)54(. In l)1(ar)17(ger)]TJ
0 -1.15526 TD
-0.014 Tw
[(institutions,)-221(the ser)-1(vice-learning of)25(f)20(ice may represent)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(onl)Tj
1.23283 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.72031 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(one of se)Tj
3.45045 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(er)Tj
0.74662 0 TD
(al possible connections for commu-)Tj
-6.62032 -1.15527 TD
-0.018 Tw
[(nity partners. )17(T)1(he)14(y are well a)15(w)10(ar)-1(e that there are often)]TJ
0 -1.15526 TD
0.066 Tw
(special benef)Tj
5.09818 0 TD
(its associa)Tj
3.98316 0 TD
(ted with de)Tj
4.38595 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(eloping r)Tj
3.51364 0 TD
0 Tw
(elation-)Tj
-17.45104 -1.15527 TD
0.084 Tw
(ships with par)Tj
5.56709 0 TD
(ticular f)Tj
3.07556 0 TD
(aculty member)Tj
5.8581 0 TD
0 Tw
(s,)Tj
0.92753 0 TD
(de)Tj
0.91384 0 TD
(par)Tj
1.23162 0 TD
(tments,)Tj
-17.57374 -1.15528 TD
0.374 Tw
[(or programs that might e)25(v)15(en pro)14(vide additional)]TJ
0 -1.15526 TD
0.23 Tw
[(f)20(inancial resources for them. )17(This process can be)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(mystifying e)25(v)15(en for e)14(xperienced partners. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 305 271.1648 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.071 Tw
[(T)80(o what e)15(xtent ar)-1(e all the agencies a)15(w)10(ar)-1(e of all)]TJ
0 -1.17251 TD
0.205 Tw
[(these dif)25(ferent opportunities? Is the uni)24(v)15(ersity)]TJ
0 -1.1725 TD
0.19 Tw
[(reaching out to community or)18(g)5(aniza)-1(tions,)-425(and)]TJ
0 -1.17251 TD
0.015 Tw
[(not just with a piece of the puzzle b)20(ut the bigger)]TJ
T*
-0.003 Tw
[(picture? I learned about things [fr)-1(om other focus)]TJ
T*
0.046 Tw
[(group participants] I ha)20(v)15(e ne)24(v)15(er heard of before)]TJ
T*
7.43 Tw
[(today)65(. \321Community )7405(P)15(artner)]TJ
0 -2.7725 TD
-0.015 Tw
[(There should be a more for)-1(mal process for solic-)]TJ
0 -1.17251 TD
0.162 Tw
[(iting in)40(v)19(olv)15(ement. Right no)25(w)65(,)-397(it is hit or miss)]TJ
T*
0.042 Tw
[(based on a relationship that you ar)-1(e fortunate to)]TJ
T*
7.719 Tw
[(ha)20(v)15(e. \321Community )7694(P)15(artner)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 132.4864 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.179 Tw
(The processes for making these connections are)Tj
-0.9 -1.15525 TD
0.338 Tw
(not necessar)Tj
5.07174 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(il)Tj
0.52566 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
1.05774 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.338 Tw
(funneled thr)Tj
5.017 0.00001 TD
(ough ser)Tj
3.63344 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(vice-learning)Tj
-15.30557 -1.15529 TD
0.097 Tw
[(of)25(f)20(ices and may not e)24(v)15(en be \322public,)70-332(as the agree-)]TJ
0 -1.15526 TD
0.101 Tw
[(ments are often arranged through personal rela)-1(tion-)]TJ
T*
-0.011 Tw
[(ships between f)10(aculty and indi)24(vidual agencies. )30(While)]TJ
0 Tc
(r)'
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(eco)Tj
1.3427 0.00001 TD
0.14 Tw
(gnizing tha)Tj
4.44636 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.6379 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(all partnerships are based on r)-1(ela-)]TJ
-6.74472 -1.15528 TD
0 Tw
(tionships,)Tj
4.14584 0.00001 TD
0.2 Tw
[(these partners e)14(xpressed a great deal of)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 38)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
39 0 obj
<<
/Length 14168
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(39)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 349.7811 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Dif)18(fer)36(ent )40(W)92(orlds and Common Gr)45(ound)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.052 Tw
[(concern about f)9(airness and man)15(y suggested there be)]TJ
0 -1.15717 TD
0.213 Tw
[(w)10(ays to standardize access for all par)-1(tners. Man)15(y)]TJ
T*
0.005 Tw
[(hope for more access to campus classr)-1(ooms,)-239(b)19(ut also)]TJ
0 Tc
(e)'
0.41396 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.084 Tw
[(xpressed concern about ho)25(w r)-1(ecruitment processes)]TJ
-0.41396 -1.15719 TD
0.114 Tw
(for students are usually handled in these situations,)Tj
0 -1.15717 TD
0.065 Tw
(often pitting them in a popularity contest with other)Tj
T*
-0.011 Tc
0.371 Tw
[(or)18(g)5(aniza)-1(tions where the most enthusiastic guest)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.032 Tw
[(speak)10(er )-1(\322wins.)70-267(One partner commented,)-267(\322I feel lik)10(e)]TJ
T*
0.109 Tw
[(I\325m kind of in a roadsho)25(w to get students. It is not)]TJ
T*
0.162 Tw
[(ideal.)70-398(Some partners suggested more partner f)9(airs)]TJ
0 -1.15719 TD
0.008 Tw
[(and mix)15(er)-1(s,)-242(curriculum planning sessions,)-213(W)80(eb sites,)]TJ
0 -1.15717 TD
0.271 Tw
[(videos,)-506(and other forms of communica)-1(tion infra-)]TJ
T*
0.028 Tw
[(structure. One said,)-26379(e need a communication sys-)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(tem that we could tap into.)69]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 533.1487 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Appr)37(eciating Dif)18(fer)36(ences acr)45(oss P)80(artner )18(T)74(ypes)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 514.377 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.301 Tw
[(T)80(o strengthen campus community partner)-1(ships,)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15718 TD
0.062 Tw
[(man)15(y agencies and institutions stressed the need f)-1(or)]TJ
T*
0.128 Tw
(better comm)Tj
4.98893 0 TD
0 Tw
(unica)Tj
2.09053 0 TD
0.128 Tw
(tion infr)Tj
3.24231 0 TD
0 Tw
(astr)Tj
1.38336 0 TD
0.128 Tw
[(ucture that w)9(as sensi-)]TJ
-11.70513 -1.15718 TD
0.044 Tw
[(ti)25(v)14(e to their particular w)10(orkplace culture and or)17(g)5(ani-)]TJ
T*
-0.014 Tw
[(zational infrastr)-1(ucture. )18(The)15(y point out that communi-)]TJ
0 -1.15717 TD
-0.019 Tw
[(cation is not a \322one siz)-1(e f)20(its all approach.)69-215(K-12 insti)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(tutions,)Tj
3.1105 0 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.023 Tw
(or e)Tj
1.4748 0 TD
[(xample,)-258(ma)-1(y require processes and pro-)]TJ
-4.90306 -1.15719 TD
0.018 Tw
[(cedures that are distinct fr)-1(om social service nonprof-)]TJ
0 -1.15717 TD
0.007 Tw
[(its because the)15(y usually ha)19(v)15(e dif)25(ferent hours of oper-)]TJ
T*
-0.011 Tc
0.371 Tw
[(ation and often more hier)-1(archical and comple)15(x)]TJ
0 Tc
(c)'
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(hains of command)Tj
7.19673 0 TD
(.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 80 380.888 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(It)Tj
0.82244 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.007 Tw
(is pr)Tj
1.68131 0 TD
(etty hit or miss with the [higher education)Tj
-2.50376 -1.17464 TD
0.209 Tw
(student leader coor)Tj
7.7405 0 TD
0 Tw
(dina)Tj
1.66168 0 TD
0.191 Tw
[(tors]. The)14<79D5>50(re )-18(students,)]TJ
-9.40218 -1.17465 TD
0.177 Tw
(sometimes the)Tj
5.71587 0 TD
(y)Tj
0.89712 0 Td
0 Tw
(don\325)Tj
1.75504 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.67505 0 Td
(g)Tj
0.48501 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.177 Tw
(et up until 4:00 in the)Tj
-9.52808 -1.17465 TD
0.085 Tw
[(afternoon,)-321(and well,)-320(that means we\325)49(re probably)]TJ
0 -1.17464 TD
0.025 Tw
(not g)Tj
1.97783 0 TD
[(oing to get to talk that day)65(. \321K-12 P)14(artner)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 319.8294 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
-0.016 Tw
[(More resear)-1(c)1(h may be needed to identify the special)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15717 TD
0.082 Tw
(needs of K-12-higher education partnerships because)Tj
T*
0.025 Tw
[(these are often mandated rather than v)20(oluntar)-1(y)65(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 80 278.9142 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Ma)Tj
1.30277 0.00001 TD
0.003 Tw
(ybe being in a uni)Tj
6.88134 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
0.003 Tw
[(sity to)25(wn \321 it\325)55(s the ele-)]TJ
-9.40083 -1.17466 TD
0.009 Tw
[(phant in the room. )30(When you get in)39(v)20(olv)15(ed at the)]TJ
0 -1.17463 TD
0.129 Tw
[([K-12] administrati)25(v)14(e le)25(v)15(el,)-364(part of our time is)]TJ
0 -1.17464 TD
0.016 Tw
[(getting in)40(v)19(olv)15(ed with the uni)25(v)15(ersity)64(. But it is not)]TJ
T*
0.232 Tw
[(written into your job description. It\325)54(s another)]TJ
0 -1.17463 TD
0.025 Tw
[(unfunded mandate. )-2288(\321Community P)15(ar)-1(tner)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 64.4218 202.643 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(The Gr)37(eat Divide:)-243(The Mytholo)10(gy of Hour)10(s)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 183.8713 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.348 Tw
[(Ov)15(er)-1(all,)-582(community par)-1(tners e)15(xpressed a high)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15716 TD
0.278 Tw
[(le)25(v)14(el of frustration with mandatory hour require-)]TJ
0 -1.15718 TD
-0.037 Tw
[(ments and did not feel that this w)9(as a particularly use-)]TJ
0 -1.15717 TD
0.141 Tw
[(ful indication of student achie)25(v)14(ement or impact on)]TJ
T*
0.015 Tw
(the comm)Tj
3.86606 0.00001 TD
[(unity partner site. Man)15(y f)-1(elt that the desig-)]TJ
-3.86606 -1.15719 TD
0.054 Tw
[(nated hour requirement sends the wrong messa)-1(ge to)]TJ
T*
-0.01 Tc
0.37 Tw
(students and were sometimes distressed by the)Tj
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.288 Tw
(amount of pa)Tj
5.673 0 TD
0 Tw
(perw)Tj
1.92878 0.00001 TD
(or)Tj
0.80276 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(k)Tj
1.00826 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.288 Tw
[(this requirement gener)-1(a)1(tes.)]TJ
-9.4128 -1.1572 TD
0.025 Tw
(One partner said,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 80 73.5259 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.09 Tw
[(I\325m v)15(er)-1(y concerned about the students that just)]TJ
0 -1.1746 TD
0.035 Tw
[(w)10(ant to get their hours done. )17(T)1(ha)-1<74D5>55(s not service-)]TJ
25 70.86167 TD
0.155 Tw
[(learning...Some are just doing community ser)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.18403 TD
0.025 Tw
[(vice,)-260(and that\325)54(s defeating the purpose.)]TJ
9.99627 -1.18404 TD
[(\321Community P)15(ar)-1(tner)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 660.5405 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.046 Tw
(An unintended outcome of the emphasis on hours)Tj
-0.9 -1.16563 TD
-0.021 Tw
[(seems to be a misunderstanding of the term,)-214(\324service-)]TJ
0 -1.16562 TD
0.036 Tw
[(learning.)70-198(One partner commented,)-271-1(he only dif)25(fer-)]TJ
0 -1.16563 TD
0.079 Tw
[(ence [between service-learner)-1(s and v)20(olunteers] is in)]TJ
T*
0.172 Tw
[(the tracking of the hour)-1(s; the service-learning stu-)]TJ
0 -1.16562 TD
0.021 Tw
[(dents are much mor)-1(e interested in it if you are track-)]TJ
0 -1.16563 TD
0.154 Tw
[(ing their hours.)70-389(Birdsall (2005) reported a similar)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
[(f)20(inding. )]TJ
0.9 -1.16563 TD
0.097 Tw
[(Community partners wer)-1(e unanimous in e)15(xpress-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16563 TD
0.182 Tw
[(ing their desire to pro)15(vide service-lear)-1(ning e)15(xperi-)]TJ
T*
-0.004 Tw
[(ences of adequate duration that w)10(o)-1(u)1(ld be meaningful)]TJ
0 -1.16562 TD
0.171 Tw
[(to service-learning students and for their nonpr)-1(of)20(it)]TJ
T*
0.005 Tc
0.465 Tw
[(clients. P)15(artner)-1(s w)10(orking with campuses that)]TJ
0 -1.16563 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.009 Tw
(required less than 20 hours reported the most distress)Tj
0 -1.16562 TD
0.216 Tw
(with the hour)Tj
5.56963 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(s)Tj
0.82497 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(requirement and the most concern)Tj
-6.3946 -1.16564 TD
0.187 Tw
[(about the adequac)15(y of the service-learning e)14(xperi)1(-)]TJ
0 -1.16563 TD
0.031 Tw
[(ence,)-266(in terms of the quality of the education e)15(xperi-)]TJ
0 -1.16562 TD
0.006 Tw
(ence f)Tj
2.33063 0 TD
(or students,)Tj
4.67776 0 TD
(and the shor)Tj
4.71986 0 TD
(t- and long-ter)Tj
5.50713 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(m)Tj
1.00413 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(bene)Tj
1.82773 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06724 -1.16565 TD
(f)Tj
0.29799 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.024 Tw
(its f)Tj
1.42876 0 TD
[(or their or)18(g)5(aniza)-1(tion. One said,)-211(\322Ho)25(w v)25(alua)-1(ble is)]TJ
-1.72675 -1.16563 TD
0.036 Tw
[(it to the student to spend 10 hours someplace? )29(W)1(ha)-1(t)]TJ
0 -1.16562 TD
0.2 Tw
[(ha)20(v)15(e the)14(y really learned?\323)-418(T)1(heir concer)-1(n corr)1(obo-)]TJ
0 -1.16563 TD
0.174 Tw
(rates the literature conducted with service-learning)Tj
T*
-0.032 Tw
(students and supervisors on the importance of time as)Tj
-0.0152 Tc
(a)'
0.64855 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(lear)Tj
1.43849 0 TD
-0.015 Tw
(ning f)Tj
2.24572 0 TD
(actor \(e)Tj
2.8898 0 TD
0 Tw
(.g)Tj
0.72001 0 TD
-0.015 Tw
[(.,)-220(Eyler)40(,)-220(Giles,)-220(& Braxton,)-220(1997;)]TJ
-7.94257 -1.16564 TD
0.148 Tw
[(Mabry)64(,)-382(1998; P)15(atter)-1(son,)-382(1987\). )54(As e)15(xpected,)-383(man)15(y)]TJ
0 -1.16562 TD
0.049 Tw
[(other community partners with long)-1(er time commit-)]TJ
0 -1.16563 TD
0.172 Tw
(ments fr)Tj
3.35636 0 TD
(om ser)Tj
2.77576 0 TD
0 Tw
(vice-lear)Tj
3.36159 0 TD
(ner)Tj
1.23161 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.78126 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.172 Tw
(sought to incr)Tj
5.63387 0 TD
(ease the)Tj
-17.14046 -1.16565 TD
0.104 Tw
(time allotment as w)Tj
7.88543 0 TD
0 Tw
(ell. )Tj
1.51054 0 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.104 Tw
(he time r)Tj
3.62664 0 TD
0 Tw
(equir)Tj
1.97945 0 TD
0.104 Tw
(ed for train-)Tj
-15.5979 -1.16563 TD
0.25 Tw
[(ing,)-485(orienta)-1(tion,)-485(and background checks is some-)]TJ
T*
-0.007 Tw
(times long)Tj
4.03756 0 TD
(er than the dur)Tj
5.55814 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(tion of the service-learning)Tj
-10.02455 -1.16564 TD
0.104 Tw
[(commitment. )55(A short-ter)-1(m commitment on the part)]TJ
0 -1.16562 TD
0.345 Tw
(of ser)Tj
2.50335 0 TD
[(vice-learners could e)24(v)15(en be harmful when)]TJ
-2.50335 -1.16563 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.69716 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.124 Tw
[(orking with sensiti)25(v)14(e populations such as refugee)]TJ
-0.69716 -1.16564 TD
0 Tw
(children.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 297.1533 256.8708 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Implications for Higher Education Pr)-1(actice)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 238.0146 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.145 Tw
[(The community partners\325)-297(emphasis on the impor-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16562 TD
0.114 Tw
(tance of r)Tj
3.75295 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ela)Tj
1.09055 0.00001 TD
0.114 Tw
(tionships points to fur)Tj
8.51639 0.00001 TD
(ther recommenda-)Tj
-13.35989 -1.16565 TD
0.025 Tw
[(tions for transfor)-1(mations in higher education practice:)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 203.0457 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.014 Tw
[(1. V)111(alue )-35(r)37(elationships)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 379.8988 203.0457 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
0.46409 0 Td
0.049 Tw
[(As service-learning coordi)-1(-)]TJ
-9.75397 -1.16562 TD
0.097 Tw
[(nators ar)-1(e well a)15(w)10(are,)-332(the need to culti)24(v)25(ate positi)25(v)15(e)]TJ
0 -1.16563 TD
0.184 Tw
(relationships in campus-community partnerships is)Tj
T*
0.094 Tw
[(comple)15(x because of the sheer number and di)24(v)15(ersity)]TJ
0 -1.16562 TD
0.03 Tw
(of par)Tj
2.29924 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.49445 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.63869 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(in)Tj
0.70811 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.46523 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(olv)Tj
1.21794 0 TD
(ed)Tj
0.91385 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.49986 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.03 Tw
(and because partners and situa-)Tj
-8.23738 -1.16568 TD
0.079 Tw
[(tions change o)15(v)15(er time)-1(. Community partners e)15(xpect)]TJ
0 -1.16563 TD
0.105 Tw
(their higher educa)Tj
7.1589 0 TD
(tion institution par)Tj
7.29882 0.00001 TD
(tner to connect)Tj
-14.45772 -1.16563 TD
0.263 Tw
(with them per)Tj
5.88399 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(sonall)Tj
2.29843 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(y)Tj
0.42006 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.73253 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.263 Tw
(On the )Tj
3.36398 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
[(\322macro-le)24(v)15(el,)70-497(ne)24(w)]TJ
-12.69899 -1.16566 TD
0.136 Tw
[(practices may need to be instituted to ensur)-1(e more)]TJ
0 -1.16563 TD
0.1 Tw
[(equitable access to campuses,)-335(while on the \322micro-)]TJ
0 -1.16562 TD
0 Tw
(le)Tj
0.66678 0.00001 TD
0.086 Tw
[(v)15(el,)70-322(partners must continue to eng)5(age in ongoing)]TJ
-0.66678 -1.16564 TD
0.232 Tw
[(relationship-b)20(uilding. Rather than f)-1(eeling incon)40(v)15(e-)]TJ
0 -1.16563 TD
0.289 Tw
[(nienced by requests for participa)-1(tion,)-524(community)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 39)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
40 0 obj
<<
/Length 15114
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(40)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Sandy &)-250(Holland)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.0152 Tc
(p)Tj
0.48481 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.149 Tw
[(artners ask for mor)-1(e campus visits,)-384(more f)9(ac)1(e-to-)]TJ
-0.48481 -1.15789 TD
0.128 Tw
[(f)10(ace meetings,)-363(and greater inclusion in orientations)]TJ
T*
0.307 Tw
[(and planning sessions. )18(These partners str)-1(ess that)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.191 Tw
[(b)20(uilding ef)25(fecti)24(v)15(e community-campus relationships)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.286 Tw
[(in)40(v)19(olv)15(es communicating roles and responsibilities)]TJ
T*
0.036 Tw
[(clearly)65(,)-271(w)10(orking to better under)-1(stand dif)25(ferent w)10(or)-1(k-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.13 Tw
[(place cultures,)-365(demonstrating sensiti)25(vity a)-1(bout ho)25(w)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.06 Tw
[(to best communicate with one another)39(,)-295(and e)15(xpress-)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(ing appreciation f)-1(or one another)55(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 595.7999 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.027 Tw
[(2. Hold con)40(ver)9(sations r)37(e)40(gularly about partner)10(ship)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15789 TD
0.233 Tw
[(pr)45(ocess and outcomes.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 158.3706 584.2209 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.233 Tw
(The research team recom-)Tj
-9.63706 -1.1579 TD
0.297 Tw
(mends that higher education institutions consider)Tj
T*
0.134 Tw
[(sponsoring or participating in con)39(v)15(ersations among)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.265 Tw
[(all partners to ref)-1(lect on their formal partner)-1(ship)]TJ
T*
0.306 Tw
[(arrangements,)-541(inf)-1(ormal communication links,)-541(cr)-1(i)1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.038 Tw
[(tique current practice,)-273(and collecti)25(v)15(el)-1(y identify w)10(ays)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.115 Tw
[(to strengthen partnerships,)-350(document impacts,)-351(ce)1(le)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0.025 Tw
[(brate achie)24(v)15(ements,)-260(and b)20(uild netw)10(or)-1(ks.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 491.5894 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.123 Tw
[(3. In)40(volve faculty mor)36(e dir)37(ectly)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 195.2035 491.5894 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
0.57515 0 Td
0.123 Tw
(This is the most)Tj
-13.8955 -1.15789 TD
0.105 Tw
[(critical ar)-1(ea for impro)15(v)15(ement. Experienced partner)-1(s)]TJ
T*
0.09 Tw
(need a w)Tj
3.60384 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.80991 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(to connect with f)Tj
6.75318 0 TD
(aculty to plan the cur)Tj
8.47145 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06723 -1.15792 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.013 Tw
[(riculum,)-248(ne)15(gotiate student placement,)-248(and assess and)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.1 Tw
[(e)25(v)25(aluate the service-lear)-1(ning e)15(xperience. )55(At a mini-)]TJ
T*
0.017 Tw
[(mum,)-252(partners desire to see the syllab)19(us and the spe-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.075 Tw
[(cif)19(ic learning goals and e)15(xpectations for students so)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(the)Tj
1.16179 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.79723 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.077 Tw
(can contr)Tj
3.63471 0 TD
[(ib)20(ute to an ef)24(f)1(ecti)24(v)15(e learning arrange-)]TJ
-5.59373 -1.15789 TD
0.175 Tw
[(ment. P)15(ar)-1(tners w)10(ant f)10(aculty to visit their s)-1(ites and)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0 Tw
(perha)Tj
2.14546 0 TD
0.077 Tw
[(ps e)25(v)15(en v)19(olunteer to truly understand the part-)]TJ
-2.14546 -1.15789 TD
-0.018 Tw
[(ner\325)55(s or)17(g)5(anization and assets. )30(While the)15(y did not usu-)]TJ
T*
-0.012 Tw
[(ally mak)9(e specif)20(ic requirements for r)-1(ecognition,)-223(their)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0 Tw
(str)Tj
0.95451 0 TD
0.135 Tw
(ong self-identity as co-teac)Tj
10.78366 0 TD
(her w)Tj
2.2983 0 TD
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.135 Tw
(ants a)Tj
2.34898 0 TD
0 Tw
(ttention)Tj
-17.44982 -1.15791 TD
(fr)Tj
0.63553 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(om the academic institution.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 329.4844 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.029 Tw
(4. Consider w)Tj
5.32973 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ys the academic institution can help)Tj
-6.71473 -1.15791 TD
0.144 Tw
[(b)20(uild social capital.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 145.0415 317.9054 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.144 Tw
(Because an important asset of)Tj
-8.30415 -1.15789 TD
0.246 Tw
[(community-campus partnerships in)39(v)20(olv)15(es de)25(v)15(elop)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.028 Tw
(ing connections among community agencies and the)Tj
0 -1.1579 TD
0 Tw
(campuses,)Tj
4.29394 0 TD
0.057 Tw
(higher education institutions and service-)Tj
-4.29394 -1.15789 TD
0.026 Tw
[(learning of)25(f)20(ices ma)-1(y wish to f)20(ind w)10(ays to participate)]TJ
T*
0.217 Tw
(in the long-ter)Tj
5.8736 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(m)Tj
1.21481 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(de)Tj
0.889 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.217 Tw
(elopment of their comm)Tj
9.95682 0 TD
0 Tw
(unity)Tj
-18.40434 -1.15793 TD
-0.025 Tw
[(and to de)25(v)15(elop longer)19(-term service-lear)-1(ning acti)25(vities)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(tha)Tj
1.17668 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.52277 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(in)40(v)19(olv)15(e the campus as a whole. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 225.274 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.014 Tw
[(5. De)15(velop ne)15(w)74(,)-249(mor)37(e f)-1(acilitative r)45(oles for service-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.1579 TD
0.056 Tw
[(learning of)18(f)20(ices.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 127.2402 213.6951 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.056 Tw
[(While the g)5(ate-k)10(ee)-1(ping and coordi-)]TJ
-6.52402 -1.15789 TD
0.062 Tw
[(nating function may be essential for be)14(ginning part)1(-)]TJ
T*
0.019 Tw
[(ners,)-254(e)15(xpanding acti)25(vities r)-1(elated to con)40(v)15(ening f)9(acul-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.066 Tw
[(ty)65(,)-301(comm)-1(unity)65(,)-301(and students together for curriculum)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.035 Tw
[(planning,)-200(e)25(v)25(aluating,)-200(netw)9(orking,)-200(and celebration is a)]TJ
T*
0.042 Tw
[(more critical r)-1(ole for service-learning of)25(f)20(ices to play)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.204 Tw
(or ad)Tj
2.15537 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4601 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(anced par)Tj
3.92691 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.49444 0.00001 TD
0.204 Tw
(ships. Ser)Tj
3.94194 0 TD
0 Tw
(vice-lear)Tj
3.36159 0 TD
0.204 Tw
(ning of)Tj
2.93445 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.29799 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ices)Tj
-18.89055 -1.15794 TD
0.055 Tw
(can also e)Tj
3.8871 0 TD
[(xpand their role as an informa)-1(tion hub for)]TJ
-3.8871 -1.1579 TD
0 Tw
(acti)Tj
1.35846 0.00001 TD
0.079 Tw
(vities and oppor)Tj
6.36131 0.00001 TD
(tunities sponsor)Tj
6.14391 0.00001 TD
(ed b)Tj
1.71306 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.79902 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(the acade)Tj
3.69148 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.0672 -1.1579 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.006 Tw
(mic institution and e)Tj
7.83517 0.00001 TD
[(v)15(en serving as a community b)19(ul-)]TJ
-7.8352 -1.1579 TD
0.025 Tw
[(letin board for local e)25(v)14(ents.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 86.3268 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.066 Tw
[(6. )18(Addr)36(ess the hour)10(s divide)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 178.07 86.3268 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
0.50575 0 Td
0.066 Tw
(While tracking hours)Tj
-12.1128 -1.1579 TD
0.046 Tw
[(has been a f)10(a)20(v)19(ored w)10(ay for higher education to doc-)]TJ
T*
0.167 Tw
[(ument accountability and impact,)-402(community part-)]TJ
22.5 63.68414 TD
0.193 Tw
[(ners often see this as an impediment. )55(Appropr)-1(iate)]TJ
0 -1.16655 TD
0.003 Tw
[(duration of the e)15(xperience and an emphasis on learn-)]TJ
0 -1.16656 TD
0.037 Tw
[(ing may be a more appropr)-1(iate measure for achie)24(v)15(e-)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(ment than hourly requirements.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 364.6876 645.9913 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Conclusion)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 305 620.9257 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.013 Tw
[(\322[Service-learning] pushes forw)9(ard this question)]TJ
0 -1.18507 TD
0.025 Tw
[(about what education is for)54(.)70]TJ
9.73626 -1.18507 TD
-0.0151 Tc
Tj
1.24486 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(Community P)15(ar)-1(tner )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 580.7289 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.109 Tw
(Longstanding community-campus partnerships are)Tj
-0.9 -1.16657 TD
0.235 Tw
[(more than simply the \322bypr)-1(oduct of self-interested)]TJ
T*
0.061 Tw
[(action\323)-286(\(Maier)40(,)-286(2002,)-285(p. 23\). Rather)39(,)-285(the)15(y in)39(v)20(olv)15(e our)]TJ
0 -1.16655 TD
0.256 Tw
[(inherent solidarities aligned with educating colle)15(ge)]TJ
0 -1.16656 TD
-0.004 Tw
[(students and an openness and sensiti)25(vity to the distinct)]TJ
T*
-0.037 Tw
[(benef)20(its and challenges in)39(v)20(olv)15(ed for all partner)-1(s. )30(While)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
[(certainly not a roadma)-1(p for border)20(-crossing,)-226(this study)]TJ
T*
0.077 Tw
(can deepen higher education practice by highlighting)Tj
T*
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.39954 0 TD
-0.016 Tw
(unity par)Tj
3.34178 0 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.45447 0 TD
<73D5>Tj
0.80717 0 TD
-0.016 Tw
(insights on the w)Tj
6.32362 0 TD
(ork to which we)Tj
-14.32658 -1.16658 TD
0.045 Tw
[(are all committed. Ef)24(f)1(ecti)24(v)15(e campus-community part-)]TJ
0 -1.16656 TD
0 Tw
(ner)Tj
1.20163 0 TD
0.191 Tw
(ships r)Tj
2.65434 0 TD
0 Tw
(equir)Tj
1.92947 0 TD
0.191 Tw
(es a)Tj
1.61751 0 TD
(ttention to and an e)Tj
7.91325 0 TD
(xploration of)Tj
-15.3162 -1.16658 TD
0.129 Tw
(both distinct needs and interests of higher education)Tj
0 -1.16655 TD
0.091 Tw
(and comm)Tj
4.08485 0 TD
[(unity partners \321 the dif)25(fer)-1(ent \322w)10(orlds\323)-317(in)]TJ
-4.08485 -1.16656 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.69693 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
0 Tw
(hic)Tj
1.1467 0 TD
(h)Tj
0.70265 0 Td
(w)Tj
0.697 0 TD
-0.0252 Tc
(e)Tj
0.6464 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
(li)Tj
0.48094 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.46011 0 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(e)Tj
0.6466 0 Td
Tj
1.20259 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
0.003 Tw
(as w)Tj
1.70752 0 TD
(ell as a r)Tj
3.11708 0 TD
(ecognition and appreci-)Tj
-11.50452 -1.16658 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.41885 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.085 Tw
[(tion for the inherent commonalities and moti)25(v)25(ations)]TJ
-0.41885 -1.16656 TD
0 Tw
(tha)Tj
1.1467 0 TD
(t)Tj
0.52472 0 Td
0.047 Tw
(bind us to)Tj
3.78819 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.475 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
0 Tw
(ether)Tj
1.81839 0 TD
(.)Tj
0.479 0 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.58585 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.047 Tw
(he da)Tj
2.05954 0 TD
[(y-to-day w)10(or)-1(k of educat)1(-)]TJ
-10.8774 -1.16658 TD
-0.013 Tw
[(ing students,)-212(and in some instances,)-211(our aspirations for)]TJ
0 -1.16656 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(a)Tj
0.74687 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
0.103 Tw
[(more just w)10(or)-1(ld,)-328(pro)15(vides common ground for our)]TJ
-0.74687 -1.16656 TD
0.139 Tw
[(mutual eng)5(agement. )18(The path by which we tra)19(v)15(erse)]TJ
T*
0.02 Tw
[(this ground together is culti)25(v)25(ated through our ongoing)]TJ
T*
0.116 Tw
[(relationships with one another)40(,)-341(and nurtured through)]TJ
T*
0.107 Tw
[(open,)-332(respectful,)-331(and appr)-1(opriate communication. )18(T)80(o)]TJ
T*
0.066 Tw
[(further this w)9(ork,)-291(it is important to reflect to)-1(gether to)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(impr)Tj
1.78845 0 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.46012 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.233 Tw
[(v)15(e our practice locally)65(,)-459(and enable us to ask)]TJ
-2.24857 -1.16657 TD
0.025 Tw
[(deeper questions together)55(. )]TJ
0.9 -1.16656 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.51601 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.003 Tw
(opics on w)Tj
4.18921 0 TD
[(hich we might be)15(gin to hold con)39(v)15(ersa-)]TJ
-5.60522 -1.16657 TD
0.018 Tw
(tions inc)Tj
3.29897 0 TD
[(lude ho)25(w to eng)5(age more deepl)-1(y with f)10(acul-)]TJ
-3.29897 -1.16657 TD
0.064 Tw
[(ty; recognizing partner)-1(s as co-educators of students,)]TJ
0 -1.16656 TD
0.217 Tw
(with all the planning and pr)Tj
11.68896 0.00001 TD
(eparation that entails;)Tj
-11.68896 -1.16656 TD
-0.009 Tc
0.369 Tw
(committing the academic institution to ongoing)Tj
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.049 Tw
[(action as an institutional citizen in lar)18(ger)19(-scale com-)]TJ
T*
0.178 Tw
[(munity de)25(v)15(elopment projects; and f)19(inding w)10(ays to)]TJ
T*
0.21 Tw
[(de)25(v)15(elop appr)-1(opriate institutional infrastructur)-1(e that)]TJ
T*
0.08 Tw
[(supports and f)10(acilita)-1(tes these shifts in emphasis and)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.80276 0 TD
(actice)Tj
2.24106 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.49875 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.029 Tw
(In the )Tj
2.50737 0 TD
0 Tw
(\322end)Tj
1.8277 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.16517 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.029 Tw
[-264(higher education and commu-)]TJ
-8.04281 -1.16659 TD
0.129 Tw
[(nity partners may f)19(ind that the)15(y ha)20(v)15(e eac)-1(h become)]TJ
0 -1.16656 TD
0.036 Tw
[(more committed to the mission,)-272(v)25(alues,)-271(and goals of)]TJ
T*
0.019 Tw
[(the other)55(. )30(W)80(e hope tha)-1(t others will be encouraged by)]TJ
0 -1.16655 TD
0.039 Tw
(this stud)Tj
3.26578 0.00001 TD
(y)Tj
0.75936 0 Td
(to eng)Tj
2.41635 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(ge in future resear)-1(c)1(h con)39(v)15(ersations)]TJ
-6.87034 -1.16658 TD
-0.017 Tw
[(to deepen our w)10(or)-1(k as service-learning educators and)]TJ
0 -1.16656 TD
0.025 Tw
[(as participants in campus-community partner)-1(ships.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 376.5011 95.0832 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Notes)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 73.6175 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.368 Tw
[(This article is based upon w)9(ork supported by the)]TJ
-1 -1.18507 TD
0 Tw
(Cor)Tj
1.45476 0.00001 TD
(por)Tj
1.28777 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42884 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.166 Tw
(tion for National and Community Service under)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 40)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
41 0 obj
<<
/Length 19706
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(41)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 62 699.7092 Tm
0 g
-0.01 Tc
0.369 Tw
[(Learn and Serv)14(e )55(America Gr)-1(a)-1(n)-1(t)-1( )-1(N)-1(o)-1(.)-1( )-1(0)-1(3)-1(L)-1(H)-1(H)-1(C)-1(A)-1(0)-1(0)-1(4)-1(.)]TJ
0 -1.2432 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.028 Tw
[(Opinions or points of vie)25(w e)15(xpr)-1(essed in this document are)]TJ
T*
0.029 Tw
[(those of the authors and do not necessaril)-1(y reflect the of)25(f)20(i-)]TJ
T*
0.134 Tw
[(cial positions of the Corporation or the Learn and Serv)15(e)]TJ
-0.0152 Tc
(A)'
0.70679 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(merica Program.)Tj
0.29321 -1.64321 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59084 0.00001 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.014 Tw
[(he research team for this project inc)-1(luded Elaine Ik)10(eda,)]TJ
-1.59084 -1.24321 TD
0.041 Tw
[(Ph.D.,)-271(pr)-1(inciple in)40(v)15(estig)5(ator)39(,)-271(Nadinne Cruz,)-271(M.A.,)-271(Barbar)-1(a)]TJ
0 -1.2432 TD
0.177 Tw
[(Holland,)-408(Ph.D.,)-407(Kathleen Rice,)-408(Ph.D.,)-407(and Marie Sand)-1(y)65(,)]TJ
0 -1.24318 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(P)Tj
0.53594 0.00001 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.001 Tw
[(h.D. )18(The data analysis for this pr)-1(oject w)10(as the result of the)]TJ
-0.53594 -1.24321 TD
-0.0202 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42384 0.00001 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.021 Tw
[(ollecti)25(v)15(e ef)24(f)1(or)-1(t of this team,)-251(in collaboration with commu-)]TJ
-0.42384 -1.24321 TD
0.056 Tw
[(nity partners. Kathleen Rice a)-1(bl)1(y f)9(acilitated the group data)]TJ
0 -1.2432 TD
0.081 Tw
[(analysis process,)-311(and Nadinne Cr)-1(uz and Elaine Ik)10(eda pro-)]TJ
T*
0.143 Tw
[(vided e)15(xtensi)25(v)14(e assistance with critiquing this article. )29(W)80(e)]TJ
T*
0.058 Tw
[(are especiall)-1(y gr)1(ateful to the service-lear)-1(ning directors and)]TJ
T*
0.026 Tw
[(coordinators a)-1(t the participating campuses and the 99 com-)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(munity partners for helping to mak)9(e this project possible.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 140.3188 508.9486 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(Refer)-1(ences)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 62 486.9598 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Bacon,)Tj
3.06952 0 TD
0 Tc
(N)Tj
0.70693 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.58967 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.12 Tw
[((2002). Dif)25(ferences in f)9(aculty and community)]TJ
-3.36613 -1.24321 TD
0.372 Tw
[(partners\325)-534(theories of learning. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 188.1026 475.771 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.372 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of)]TJ
-13.0114 -1.2432 TD
0.025 Tw
(Community Service Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 173.4111 464.5822 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 177.8662 464.5822 Tm
0 g
(9)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 182.2312 464.5822 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((1),)-260(34-44.)]TJ
-13.35902 -1.6432 TD
0.218 Tw
[(Bailis,)-453(L.N. (2000). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 137.788 449.7934 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.218 Tw
[(T)92(aking service-learning to the ne)19(xt)]TJ
-7.42089 -1.2432 TD
0.123 Tw
[(le)15(vel:)-359(Emer)37(ging lessons fr)45(om the National Comm)-1(unity)]TJ
T*
0.005 Tc
0.42 Tw
[(De)15(velopment Pr)45(o)9(gr)15(am.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 165.4708 427.4158 Tm
0 g
0.005 Tc
[(Springf)19(ield,)-625(V)135(A:)-676(National)]TJ
-10.49675 -1.2432 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Society for Experiential Education. )Tj
-1 -1.6432 TD
0.037 Tw
[(Benson,)-272(L. & Harka)20(vy)65(,)-272(I. (2000). Higher education\325)55(s third)]TJ
1 -1.2432 TD
-0.009 Tc
0.368 Tw
[(re)24(v)19(olution:)-592(The emer)18(g)-1(ence of the democratic cos)-1(-)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.023 Tw
[(mopolitan ci)25(vic uni)25(v)14(ersity)65(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 165.6447 379.0606 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.023 Tw
[(Cityscape:)-240(A journal of poli-)]TJ
-10.51608 -1.2432 TD
0.061 Tw
[(cy de)15(velopment r)37(esear)37(c)15(h)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 157.5102 367.8718 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 162.2882 367.8718 Tm
0 g
(5)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 166.6532 367.8718 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.061 Tw
[((1),)-296(47-57. U.S. Department)]TJ
-10.62813 -1.2432 TD
0.144 Tw
[(of Housing and Urban De)25(v)15(elopment. Of)25(f)20(ice of P)-1(olic)15(y)]TJ
0 -1.24321 TD
0.025 Tw
[(De)25(v)15(elopment and Resear)-1(c)1(h. )]TJ
-1 -1.6432 TD
0 Tw
(Bir)Tj
1.23259 0 TD
(dsall,)Tj
2.34208 0 TD
0 Tc
(J)Tj
0.37392 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(.T)Tj
0.75687 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.52852 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.059 Tw
((2005). Comm)Tj
5.76697 0 TD
(unity v)Tj
2.73953 0 TD
0 Tw
(oice:)Tj
2.16201 0 TD
(Comm)Tj
2.66267 0 TD
0.059 Tw
(unity part-)Tj
-17.56516 -1.24323 TD
-0.006 Tc
0 Tw
(ner)Tj
1.2586 0 TD
-0.0062 Tc
(s)Tj
0.99268 0 Td
(r)Tj
0.327 0 TD
-0.006 Tc
0.366 Tw
[(eflect on service-lear)-1(ning. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 198.5129 319.5166 Tm
0 g
(J)Tj
0.41295 0 TD
-0.006 Tc
(our)Tj
1.3709 0 TD
0.366 Tw
(nal for Civic)Tj
-15.95195 -1.24321 TD
0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(Commitment)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 117.4408 308.3278 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 126.7399 308.3278 Tm
0 g
(5)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 131.2848 308.3278 Tm
0 g
0.0049 Tc
(.)Tj
1.03301 0 Td
0.005 Tc
(Retr)Tj
1.74166 0 TD
(ie)Tj
0.70677 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.49011 0 TD
0.005 Tc
0.523 Tw
(ed J)Tj
2.12599 0 TD
0 Tw
(ul)Tj
0.78782 0 TD
(y)Tj
1.28324 0 Td
(25,)Tj
2.04323 0 TD
0.523 Tw
(2005 from)Tj
-16.91013 -1.24322 TD
-0.012 Tc
0 Tw
[(http://www)65(.mc.)1(m)1(a)1(ricopa.edu/other/eng)5(a)1(gement/Journal)]TJ
0 -1.2432 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(/inde)15(x5.jsp)]TJ
-1 -1.6432 TD
0.124 Tw
[(Bo)10(yer)39(,)-359(E. (1990). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 127.4515 271.1615 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.124 Tw
[(Sc)15(holar)9(ship r)37(econsider)37(ed:)-359(Prior)-1(ities of)]TJ
-6.27239 -1.2432 TD
0.005 Tc
0.577 Tw
[(the pr)45(ofessoria)-1(te)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 137.2927 259.9726 Tm
0 g
0.0049 Tc
(.)Tj
1.08706 0 Td
0.005 Tc
0.577 Tw
[(Princeton,)-832(NJ:)-815(The Carne)15(gie)]TJ
-8.45291 -1.2432 TD
0 Tc
(F)Tj
0.52601 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(oundation for the )55(Adv)24(ancement of )18(T)70(eaching. )]TJ
-1.52601 -1.64321 TD
0.143 Tw
[(Bringle,)-379(R. (1999). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 133.6524 233.995 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.143 Tw
[(Colle)40(g)9(es and univ)1(er)9(sities as citizens)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 263.75 233.995 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
-21.41667 -1.2432 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Needham Heights,)-260(MA:)-205(All)-1(yn and Bacon.)]TJ
-1 -1.6432 TD
0 Tw
(Br)Tj
0.96976 0.00001 TD
(ingle)Tj
1.92451 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.50732 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(R.,)Tj
1.39432 0 TD
0.037 Tw
[(Games,)-272(R. & Mallo)9(y)65(,)-272(E. (1999). Colle)15(ges and)]TJ
-3.79591 -1.24322 TD
0.174 Tw
[(uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sities as citizens:)-409(Issues and perspecti)25(v)15(es. In R.)]TJ
0 -1.24321 TD
0.37 Tw
(Bringle (Ed.). )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 127.6113 185.6398 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.37 Tw
[(Colle)40(g)9(es and univ)1(er)9(sities as citizens)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 174.451 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[((pp.1-16). Needham Heights,)-260(MA:)-205(All)-1(yn and Bacon.)]TJ
-1 -1.6432 TD
-0.026 Tw
[(Bringle,)-209(R. & Hatcher)39(,)-209(J. (2002). Campus-community part-)]TJ
1 -1.2432 TD
0.149 Tw
[(nerships:)-366(The terms of eng)5(agement. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 203.7144 148.4734 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.149 Tw
[(J)25(ournal of Social)]TJ
-14.74605 -1.2432 TD
0 Tw
(Issues)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 92.1803 137.2846 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 96.6353 137.2846 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(58)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 105.3653 137.2846 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((3),)Tj
1.61553 0.00001 TD
(503-516.)Tj
-6.4339 -1.64321 TD
0.079 Tw
[(Bushouse,)-314(B. (2005). Community nonpr)-1(of)20(it or)18(g)5(aniza)-1(tions)]TJ
1 -1.2432 TD
0.181 Tw
(and ser)Tj
2.9357 0 TD
[(vice-learning:)-417(Resource constraints to b)20(uilding)]TJ
-2.9357 -1.2432 TD
-0.012 Tc
0.372 Tw
[(partnerships with uni)25(v)15(e)1(rsities. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 187.6473 100.1183 Tm
0 g
-0.012 Tc
0.372 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of)]TJ
-12.9608 -1.2432 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Comm)Tj
2.5508 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(unity Ser)Tj
3.47228 0.00001 TD
(vice Lear)Tj
3.63806 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 173.4111 88.9294 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 177.8662 88.9294 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(12)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 186.5962 88.9294 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((1),)Tj
1.61553 0.00001 TD
(32-40. )Tj
-15.4596 -1.6432 TD
0.243 Tw
(Campus Compact. (1999). )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 162.5436 74.1407 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.243 Tw
[(Service matter)9(s)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 218.3375 74.1407 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.71246 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(Pro)15(vidence,)]TJ
-17.0833 -1.2432 TD
(RI:)Tj
1.4926 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(Campus Compact. )Tj
22.50741 70.75082 TD
0.27 Tw
[(Clark)10(e,)-506(M. (2003). Finding the community in service-)]TJ
1 -1.20649 TD
0.182 Tw
[(learning resear)-1(c)1(h:)-400(The 3-\323I\323)-417(model. In S. Billig & J.)]TJ
0 -1.2065 TD
-0.018 Tw
(Eyler (Eds.). )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 341.7603 677.9924 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.018 Tw
[(Deconstructing service-learning:)-217(Resear)36(c)15(h)]TJ
-5.08448 -1.2065 TD
0.204 Tw
[(e)20(xploring conte)20(xt,)-439(participa)-1(tion and impacts)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 461.2053 667.1338 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(\(pp.125-)Tj
-18.35614 -1.2065 TD
-0.03 Tw
[(146\).Greenwich,)-260(CT)49(:)-259(Inf)-1(ormation Age )-55(Pub)-1(lishing. )]TJ
-1 -1.60649 TD
-0.002 Tc
0.362 Tw
[(Community-Campus P)15(ar)-1(tnerships for Health. (1998).)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 630.9584 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.357 Tw
[(Principles of good community-campus partner)9(ships)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 488.7501 630.9584 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
-21.41668 -1.2065 TD
-0.012 Tc
[([http://depts.w)9(ashington.edu/ccph/principles.html#prin-)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(ciples] Retrie)24(v)15(ed Feb 28,)-260(2005. )]TJ
-1 -1.6065 TD
0.035 Tw
[(Cruz,)-271(N. & Giles,)-270(D.E. (2000). )30(Where\325)54(s the community in)]TJ
1 -1.20649 TD
0.005 Tc
0.637 Tw
[(service-learning resear)-1(ch? )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 405.0998 583.9246 Tm
0 g
0.005 Tc
0.637 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of)]TJ
-12.1222 -1.2065 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Community Service Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 398.4111 573.066 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(.(Special Issue),)-260(28-34)]TJ
-12.37901 -1.6065 TD
0.009 Tw
[(Dorado,)-244(S. & Giles,)-243(D.E. (2004). Service-lear)-1(ning partner-)]TJ
1 -1.2065 TD
-0.002 Tc
0.362 Tw
[(ships:)-610(P)15(a)-1(ths of eng)5(agement. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 411.1373 547.749 Tm
0 g
-0.002 Tc
0.362 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of)]TJ
-12.79303 -1.20649 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Community Service Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 398.4111 536.8906 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 402.8662 536.8906 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(11)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 411.5962 536.8906 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((1),)-260(25-37.)]TJ
-13.84402 -1.6065 TD
-0.018 Tw
[(Edw)10(ar)-1(ds,)-217(B. & Marullo,)-217(S. (Eds.). (2000). Service-learning)]TJ
1 -1.2065 TD
0.268 Tw
[(pedagogy as uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sities\325)-429(response to troubled times)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
((Special Issue). )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 351.8729 500.7151 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(American Behavior)15(al Scientist)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 458.2384 500.7151 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 462.6935 500.7151 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(43)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 471.4235 500.7151 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((5). )Tj
-20.4915 -1.60649 TD
(Enos,)Tj
2.53849 0 TD
0.129 Tw
[(S. & Morton,)-364(K. (2003). De)25(v)15(eloping a theory and)]TJ
-1.53849 -1.20651 TD
-0.005 Tc
0.365 Tw
[(practice of campus-community par)-1(tnerships. In B.)]TJ
0 -1.2065 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.142 Tw
[(Jacoby & )55(Associates (Eds.). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 400.2831 464.5397 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.142 Tw
[(Building partner)10(ships f)-1(or)]TJ
-11.58701 -1.2065 TD
0 Tw
(service-Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 359.696 453.6812 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.252 Tw
[((pp. 20-41). San Francisco:)-487(Josse)15(y-)]TJ
-7.07733 -1.20649 TD
0 Tw
(Bass. )Tj
-1 -1.6065 TD
-0.016 Tw
[(Eyler)40(,)-220(J. Giles,)-219(D.,)-219(& Braxton,)-220(J. (1997). )18(The impact of ser-)]TJ
1 -1.2065 TD
0.101 Tw
[(vice-learning on colle)15(ge students. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 417.9817 417.5058 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.101 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of)]TJ
-13.55352 -1.2065 TD
0 Tw
(Comm)Tj
2.55085 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(unity Ser)Tj
3.47228 0 TD
(vice Lear)Tj
3.63806 0 TD
0 Tw
(ning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 398.4111 406.6473 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 402.8662 406.6473 Tm
0 g
(4)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 407.2312 406.6473 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.495 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(5-15.)Tj
-13.85402 -1.6065 TD
0 Tc
(F)Tj
0.54091 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(er)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31777 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ar)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
(i,)Tj
0.89379 0 TD
0.161 Tw
[(J. & Chapman,)-396(J. (1999). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 412.813 392.1888 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Educa)Tj
2.4797 0 TD
0.161 Tw
(ting students to)Tj
-15.45892 -1.20649 TD
0.112 Tw
[(mak)10(e a dif)17(f)1(er)36(ence:)-347(Community-based service learning)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 488.7501 381.3304 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
-21.41668 -1.2065 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.064 Tw
[(Ne)25(w Y)110(ork:)-260(Ha)15(w)9(orth )-89(Press.)]TJ
-1 -1.6065 TD
0.021 Tw
[(Ferrari,)-256(J & )30(W)80(or)-1(r)1(all,)-256(L. (2000). )55(Assessments by comm)-1(uni-)]TJ
1 -1.2065 TD
-0.028 Tw
[(ty agencies:)-208(Ho)25(w \322the Other Side\323)-207(sees service-lear)-1(ning.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 334.2965 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Mic)Tj
1.49455 0 TD
(hig)Tj
1.23284 0 TD
0.167 Tw
(an J)Tj
1.7759 0 TD
0 Tw
(our)Tj
1.34392 0 TD
0.167 Tw
(nal of Community Service Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 478.6525 334.2965 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 484.3851 334.2965 Tm
0 g
(7)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 488.7501 334.2965 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
-21.41668 -1.2065 TD
-0.015 Tc
(35-40. )Tj
-1 -1.6065 TD
0.085 Tw
[(F)15(ontana,)-265(A. & Fre)15(y)65(,)-320(J)1(. (2000). )17(The intervie)25(w:)-320(from str)-1(uc-)]TJ
1 -1.2065 TD
0.164 Tw
[(tured questions to ne)15(gotia)-1(ted te)15(xt. In N. Denzin & )90(Y)129(.)]TJ
0 -1.20649 TD
0.118 Tw
(Lincoln (Eds.),)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 352.4452 287.2626 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.118 Tw
[(Handbook of qualitative r)37(esear)36(c)15(h)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 474.9102 287.2626 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(\(2nd)Tj
-19.87891 -1.2065 TD
0.005 Tc
0.487 Tw
[(Ed.\) \(pp. 645-672\). )18(Thousand Oaks,)-743(CA:)-742(Sage)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
[(Publications,)-260(Inc)-1(. )]TJ
-1 -1.6065 TD
0.284 Tw
[(Gadamer)40(,)-519(H-G)-1(. (1975). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 377.7985 251.0871 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.284 Tw
[(T)55(ruth and method)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 449.4262 251.0871 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.284 Tw
(\(Sheed and)Tj
-17.04736 -1.20649 TD
0.002 Tw
[(W)80(ard,)-237(Ltd. )18(T)35(rans.\). \(2nd Ed.\). Ne)25(w )89(Y)110(ork:)-219(The Crossroad)]TJ
0 -1.2065 TD
0 Tw
(Pub)Tj
1.51091 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(lishing Compan)Tj
6.1612 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(y)Tj
0.42006 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.49472 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(\(Or)Tj
1.34273 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(iginal w)9(ork published 1960\))]TJ
-10.92962 -1.60653 TD
0.308 Tw
[(Gallini,)-543(S. & Moely)65(,)-543(B.,)-544((2003). Service-learning and)]TJ
1 -1.20649 TD
0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(eng)Tj
1.45396 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.44885 0.00001 TD
(g)Tj
0.505 0.00001 TD
0.005 Tc
(ement:)Tj
3.51772 0 TD
0.566 Tw
(Academic c)Tj
5.36328 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(halleng)Tj
2.97834 0.00001 TD
0.0049 Tc
(e)Tj
1.27029 0 Td
0.005 Tc
0.566 Tw
(and retention.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 193.1949 Tm
0 g
-0.013 Tc
0.373 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of Community Service Learning)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 488.7495 193.1949 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 182.3363 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(10)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 304.73 182.3363 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
((1). 5-14. )Tj
-1.97 -1.6065 TD
0.375 Tw
[(Gelmon,)-610(S.,)-610(Holland,)-610(B.,)-610(Driscoll,)-556(A.,)-610(Spring,)-555(A. &)]TJ
1 -1.2065 TD
0.346 Tw
[(K)25(errig)5(an,)-582(S. (2001). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 376.7173 157.0193 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.346 Tw
(Assessing service-learning and)Tj
-8.96859 -1.20649 TD
0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(ci)Tj
0.73168 0 TD
0.825 Tw
(vic eng)Tj
3.7191 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.49523 0.00001 TD
(g)Tj
0.49523 0.00001 TD
0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(ement:)Tj
3.82994 0.00001 TD
(Pr)Tj
1.00976 0 TD
0.825 Tw
(inciples and tec)Tj
7.99019 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(hniques)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 488.7503 146.1609 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
-21.4167 -1.20649 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Pro)15(vidence)-1(,)-260(RI:)-260(Campus Compact. )]TJ
-1 -1.60651 TD
0 Tw
(Gelmon,)Tj
3.79952 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(S)Tj
0.54091 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(.,)Tj
0.90309 0.00001 TD
(Holland)Tj
3.11644 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.66809 0.00001 TD
(B)Tj
0.65199 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(.,)Tj
0.90309 0.00001 TD
(Seif)Tj
1.52544 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31777 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(er)39(,)-433(S.,)-433(Shinnamon,)-378(A.,)-433(&)]TJ
-11.42634 -1.20656 TD
(Connor)Tj
2.90976 0.00001 TD
-0.009 Tw
[(s,)-226(K. (1998). Community-uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity partnerships)]TJ
-2.90976 -1.20651 TD
0.19 Tw
(for mutual learning. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 372.2723 99.1269 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.19 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of Community)]TJ
-8.4747 -1.20649 TD
0.025 Tw
(Service Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 355.7929 88.2685 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 360.2479 88.2685 Tm
0 g
(5)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 364.6129 88.2685 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-260(97-107. )]TJ
-8.62366 -1.6065 TD
-0.022 Tw
[(Giroux,)-214(H. (1992). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 353.334 73.81 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.022 Tw
[(Bor)37(der cr)45(ossings:)-214(Cultur)15(al work)10(er)9(s and)]TJ
-6.37045 -1.2065 TD
0.025 Tw
(the politics of education.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 384.4879 62.9515 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.064 Tw
[(Ne)25(w Y)110(ork:)-260(Routledge.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 349.7811 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Dif)18(fer)36(ent )40(W)92(orlds and Common Gr)45(ound)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 41)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
42 0 obj
<<
/Length 22120
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(42)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 62 699.7092 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.12 Tw
[(Grune)25(w)9(ald,)-345(D. (2003). )18(The best of both w)10(orlds:)-291(A critical)]TJ
1 -1.2139 TD
0.025 Tw
(pedagogy of place. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 137.8696 688.7841 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Educational Resear)37(c)15(her)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 219.9005 688.7841 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 224.1756 688.7841 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(32)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 232.7257 688.7841 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
[((4),)-250(3-12. )]TJ
-18.96952 -1.61391 TD
0.005 Tc
0.371 Tw
[(Harka)19(vy)65(,)-626(I. (1999). School-community partnerships:)]TJ
1 -1.2139 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.105 Tw
[(Ef)24(f)1(ecti)24(v)15(ely inte)15(grating community b)20(uilding and educa-)]TJ
T*
0.078 Tw
[(tion ref)-1(orm. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 115.8732 652.4088 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.078 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity and comm)-1(unity sc)15(hools)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 237.6412 652.4088 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 242.5699 652.4088 Tm
0 g
(6)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 246.9349 652.4088 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((1/2),)Tj
-19.54832 -1.21391 TD
(7-24. )Tj
-1 -1.6139 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(H)Tj
0.70677 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.011 Tw
[(ayes,)-225(E. & Cuban,)-224(S. (1997). Border pedagogy:)-169(A critical)]TJ
0.29323 -1.21391 TD
-0.0155 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31752 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.256 Tw
[(rame)24(w)10(ork for service-lear)-1(ning. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 190.1967 616.0333 Tm
0 g
-0.0153 Tc
(M)Tj
0.81772 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.256 Tw
[(ic)15(higan J)24(ournal of)]TJ
-14.0618 -1.21391 TD
0.025 Tw
(Community Service Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 173.4111 605.1081 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 177.8662 605.1081 Tm
0 g
(4)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 182.2312 605.1081 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-260(72-80. )]TJ
-13.35902 -1.6139 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Herda,)-260(E. (1999). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 125.2086 590.583 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Resear)37(c)15(h con)40(ver)9(sations and narr)15(ative)15(. a)]TJ
-6.02318 -1.21391 TD
0.005 Tc
0.525 Tw
[(critical hermeneutic orienta)-1(tion in participatory)]TJ
0 -1.2139 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(inquiry)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 96.0509 568.7327 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
0.46521 0 Td
0.025 Tw
[(W)80(estport,)-260(CT and London:)-260(Pr)-1(ae)15(ger)54(.)]TJ
-4.24865 -1.61391 TD
0.005 Tc
0.824 Tw
[(Holland,)-1079(B. (2002). Ev)15(ery perspecti)24(v)15(e counts:)]TJ
1 -1.2139 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.111 Tw
[(Understanding the true meaning of reciprocity in par)-1(t)1(-)]TJ
0 -1.21392 TD
0.357 Tw
[(nerships. K)25(e)15(ynote addr)-1(ess to the )30(W)80(estern Re)15(gional)]TJ
0 -1.2139 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Campus Compact Conference)-1(. Portland,)-260(OR. )55(April 17. )]TJ
-1 -1.6139 TD
0.231 Tw
[(Holland,)-466(B (2005). Reflections on Community-Campus)]TJ
1 -1.21391 TD
0.029 Tw
[(P)15(artner)-1(ships:)-234(W)1(ha)-1(t has been learned? )30(What are the ne)15(xt)]TJ
0 -1.2139 TD
0.261 Tw
[(challenges? In P)111(. P)15(asque)-1(,)-495(R. Smerek,)-496(B. Dwyer)39(,)-496(N.)]TJ
0 -1.21391 TD
0 Tw
[(Bo)25(wman,)-235(&)-235(B. Mallo)10(y (Eds.),)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 178.1344 474.1315 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Higher education collab-)Tj
-11.90382 -1.2139 TD
(or)Tj
0.84402 0 TD
0.122 Tw
[(atives for community enga)9(g)10(ement and Impr)45(o)10(vement)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 263.75 463.2064 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
-21.41667 -1.2139 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.044 Tw
[((pp. 10-17). )55(Ann )55(Arbor)39(,)-279(MI:)-279(National F)14(orum on Higher)]TJ
0 -1.21391 TD
0.025 Tw
(Education for the Public Good.)Tj
-1 -1.6139 TD
0.026 Tw
[(Holland,)-261(B. & Ramale)14(y)65(,)-261(J. (1998). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 184.332 426.831 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.026 Tw
[(What partner)10(ship mod-)]TJ
-12.59245 -1.21391 TD
0.256 Tw
(els w)Tj
2.20874 0 TD
[(ork to link education and community-b)19(uilding?)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 404.9807 Tm
0 g
0.005 Tc
0.372 Tw
[(P)15(aper presented at the Joint F)15(or)-1(um of the U.S.)]TJ
0 -1.21391 TD
-0.01 Tc
0.37 Tw
[(Department of Educa)-1(tion and U.S. Department of)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Housing and Urban De)25(v)15(elopment,)-231(W)80(ashington,)-260(D.C. )]TJ
-1 -1.6139 TD
0 Tw
(Honnet,)Tj
3.56032 0 TD
(E.P)Tj
1.2609 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.70658 0 Td
(&)Tj
1.23458 0 Td
(P)Tj
0.541 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(oulsen,)Tj
3.22731 0 TD
0 Tc
(S)Tj
0.54091 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.70661 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
((1989). )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 197.5451 368.6053 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Pr)Tj
0.96976 0 TD
0.237 Tw
(inciples of g)Tj
5.16637 0 TD
0 Tw
(ood)Tj
-20.19669 -1.21392 TD
0.005 Tc
(pr)Tj
0.88402 0 TD
0.441 Tw
(actice f)Tj
3.3962 0 TD
(or combining ser)Tj
7.79438 0 TD
[(vice and learning:)-678(A)]TJ
-12.0746 -1.21391 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.76283 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ingspr)Tj
2.4288 0 TD
0.208 Tw
(ead special r)Tj
5.35002 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.42884 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(por)Tj
1.34392 0 TD
0 Tc
(t)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 166.1953 346.755 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.67824 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Racine)Tj
2.68655 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.64863 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(WI:)Tj
1.93505 0 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.208 Tw
(he J)Tj
1.73119 0 TD
0 Tw
(ohnson)Tj
-18.85276 -1.21393 TD
0 Tc
(F)Tj
0.52601 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ounda)Tj
2.36886 0 TD
[(tion,)-260(Inc. )]TJ
-3.89487 -1.61391 TD
0 Tc
(J)Tj
0.37391 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(acob)Tj
1.8277 0 TD
0 Tc
(y)Tj
0.42007 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.50863 0 TD
(B)Tj
0.652 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.50847 0 Td
(&)Tj
0.998 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(Associa)Tj
3.06029 0 TD
0.039 Tw
(tes. (Eds.). (2003). )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 204.5726 321.3047 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.039 Tw
(Building par)Tj
4.9419 0 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.5506 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-21.3339 -1.21391 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(ships for service-learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 160.4121 310.3796 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.49489 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(San Francisco:)-260(Josse)15(y-Bass.)]TJ
-11.42957 -1.61391 TD
-0.004 Tw
[(Jones,)-231(S. (2003). Principles and pr)-1(of)20(iles of e)15(x)15(emplary par)-1(t)1(-)]TJ
1 -1.2139 TD
0 Tw
(ner)Tj
1.23161 0 TD
0.28 Tw
(ships with community agencies. In B. Jacoby &)Tj
-1.23161 -1.21391 TD
0.287 Tw
(Associates (Eds.),)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 140.5722 274.0041 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.287 Tw
[(Building partner)10(ships f)-1(or service-)]TJ
-7.73024 -1.2139 TD
0 Tw
(learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 102.7559 263.079 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(\(pp.151-)-176(173\). San Francisco:)-260(Josse)15(y-Bass. )]TJ
-4.52843 -1.61391 TD
0.073 Tw
[(Jor)18(ge,)-308(E. (2003). Outcomes f)-1(or community partners in an)]TJ
1 -1.21389 TD
0.005 Tc
0.712 Tw
(unmediated service-learning program. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 231.329 237.6288 Tm
0 g
0.005 Tc
[(Mic)15(higan)]TJ
-17.81433 -1.21391 TD
0 Tc
(J)Tj
0.40394 -0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(ournal of Community Service Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 211.648 226.7036 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 216.103 226.7036 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(10)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 224.833 226.7036 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((1),)Tj
1.61554 -0.00001 TD
(28-38. )Tj
-19.70809 -1.61391 TD
0 Tc
(K)Tj
0.68202 -0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(eith,)Tj
2.22699 -0.00001 TD
0.317 Tw
(N. (1998). Community service for community-)Tj
-1.90901 -1.21389 TD
0.352 Tw
[(b)20(uilding:)-570(The school-based service corps as border)]TJ
0 -1.21391 TD
-0.003 Tc
0 Tw
(cr)Tj
0.77239 0.00001 TD
-0.002 Tc
(osser)Tj
2.04388 0 TD
(s. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 107.5486 190.3282 Tm
0 g
-0.002 Tc
(Mic)Tj
1.53321 0.00001 TD
(hig)Tj
1.2715 0 TD
0.362 Tw
(an J)Tj
2.02261 0.00001 TD
(ournal of Community Service)Tj
-8.88828 -1.21392 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Lear)Tj
1.82868 0.00001 TD
(ning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 102.9186 179.4031 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 107.3736 179.4031 Tm
0 g
(5)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 111.7386 179.4031 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.495 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(86-96.)Tj
-6.02151 -1.61392 TD
(Lieder)Tj
2.51913 0.00001 TD
(man,)Tj
2.33747 0 TD
0 Tc
(S)Tj
0.54091 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(.,)Tj
0.89578 0.00001 TD
0.191 Tw
[(Furco,)-371(A.,)-426(Zapf,)-426(J.,)-426(& Goss,)-426(M. (2003).)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 153.9527 Tm
0 g
0.005 Tc
0.795 Tw
(Building par)Tj
5.93861 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.62082 0.00001 TD
0.795 Tw
(ships with colle)Tj
7.85261 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.49523 0.00001 TD
0.0049 Tc
(e)Tj
1.49919 0 Td
0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(campuses:)Tj
-17.40647 -1.21393 TD
-0.015 Tc
(Comm)Tj
2.55084 0 TD
0.023 Tw
(unity per)Tj
3.46041 0 TD
0 Tw
(specti)Tj
2.24228 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(es)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 156.3663 143.0276 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.49279 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(\(Mono)Tj
2.64679 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
(r)Tj
0.31777 0.00001 TD
(a)Tj
0.42884 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ph:)Tj
1.4358 0.00001 TD
(A)Tj
0.96486 0 Td
(pub)Tj
1.45497 0.00001 TD
(lica)Tj
1.38336 0 TD
0.023 Tw
(tion of)Tj
-19.09534 -1.21396 TD
0.069 Tw
[(the Consortium for the )55(Adv)24(ancement of Pri)25(v)25(ate Higher)]TJ
0 -1.2139 TD
-0.007 Tc
0 Tw
(Educa)Tj
2.46542 0.00001 TD
0.367 Tw
[(tion\325)55(s Eng)5(a)-1(ging Communities and Campuses)]TJ
-2.4654 -1.2139 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Pr)Tj
0.8587 0 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.485 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
(r)Tj
0.3178 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(am\). )Tj
1.9866 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(The Council of Independent Colle)15(ges. )]TJ
-5.1331 -1.6139 TD
0 Tw
(Ma)Tj
1.3028 0 TD
0.043 Tw
[(bry)65(,)-279(B. (1998). Pedagogical v)25(ar)-1(iations in service-learn-)]TJ
-0.3028 -1.2139 TD
0.339 Tw
(ing and student outcomes:)Tj
11.68684 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(Ho)Tj
1.16702 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(w)Tj
1.28086 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(time)Tj
1.71756 0.00001 TD
[(,)-574(contact,)-574(and)]TJ
-15.8523 -1.2139 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.3267 0 TD
-0.006 Tc
(ef)Tj
0.7645 0 TD
0.366 Tw
(lection ma)Tj
4.49843 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tter)Tj
1.25315 0.00001 TD
(.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 140.2708 73.8768 Tm
0 g
-0.006 Tc
(Mic)Tj
1.5214 0.00001 TD
(hig)Tj
1.25969 0.00001 TD
0.366 Tw
(an J)Tj
2.01079 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(our)Tj
1.37078 0.00001 TD
0.366 Tw
(nal of Comm)Tj
5.83206 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(unity)Tj
-19.6915 -1.2139 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Service Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 130.7929 62.9516 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 135.2479 62.9516 Tm
0 g
(5)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 139.6129 62.9516 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-260(32-47. )]TJ
16.37634 70.75085 TD
0.015 Tw
[(Maier)40(,)-251(D. (2002). Reforming communities:)-196(A hermeneutic)]TJ
1 -1.21417 TD
0.1 Tw
[(project. In )55(A. Baile)14(y & P)111(. Smithka (Eds.),)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 448.9664 688.7817 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(Community)55(,)]TJ
-16.99627 -1.21417 TD
0.019 Tw
[(diver)10(sity and dif)17(fer)37(ence:)-254(Implica)-1(tions for peace)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 463.2817 677.8542 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.019 Tw
(\(pp. 21-)Tj
-18.58686 -1.21417 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(3)Tj
0.48494 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(2\). )55(Amsterdam and Ne)24(w )90(Y)110(ork:)-260(Rodopi. )]TJ
-1.48494 -1.61417 TD
0.146 Tw
[(Maruasse,)-381(D. (2001). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 366.5651 652.3992 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.146 Tw
[(Be)29(y)1(ond the campus:)-381(How colle)39(g)10(es)]TJ
-7.84057 -1.21417 TD
0.061 Tw
[(and univer)10(sities fr)44(om partner)10(ships with their communi-)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(ties)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 307.9559 630.5443 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.49485 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.065 Tw
[(Ne)25(w Y)110(or)-1(k:)-260(Routledge. )]TJ
-2.82328 -1.61417 TD
0.007 Tw
[(Marshall,)-243(C. & Rossman,)-242(G. (1989). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 415.8986 616.0167 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.007 Tw
(Designing qualitative)Tj
-13.32207 -1.21417 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.33706 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
[(esear)37(c)15(h)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 325.6071 605.0892 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
0.47718 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Thousand Oaks,)-260(CA:)-260(Sag Publica)-1(tions. )]TJ
-4.76686 -1.61417 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(M)Tj
0.87388 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.1 Tw
[(cMillan,)-335(J. (2002). )18(The sacred and prof)9(ane:)-317(Theorizing)]TJ
0.12612 -1.21417 TD
0.05 Tw
[(kno)25(wledge reproduction pr)-1(ocesses in a service-learning)]TJ
T*
0.239 Tw
[(curriculum. In S. Billig & )55(A. Furco (Eds.),)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 462.4709 568.7067 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Service-)Tj
-18.49677 -1.21418 TD
0.168 Tw
[(learning thr)45(ough a multidisciplinary lens)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 448.235 557.7791 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.168 Tw
((pp.55 -70).)Tj
-16.915 -1.21417 TD
-0.029 Tw
[(Greenwich,)-260(CT)49(:)-260(Information Age )-54(Publishing.)]TJ
-1 -1.61417 TD
-0.019 Tw
[(Miller)40(,)-217(B. (1997). Service-learning in support of rur)-1(al com-)]TJ
1 -1.21417 TD
0.223 Tw
[(munity de)25(v)15(elopment. In )55(A. )29(W)80(a)1(ter)-1(man (Ed.). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 462.4709 521.3966 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Service-)Tj
-18.49677 -1.21417 TD
0.067 Tw
[(learning:)-284(Applications fr)45(om the r)36(esear)37(c)15(h)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 439.1053 510.4691 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.53667 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(Mahw)10(ay)65(,)-302(NJ:)]TJ
-16.43726 -1.21417 TD
0.025 Tw
[(La)15(wr)-1(ence Erlbaum )55(Associates,)-260(Publisher)-1(s. )]TJ
-1 -1.61417 TD
0.051 Tw
[(Miron,)-287(D. & Moely)65(,)-286(B. (2005). )55(Ag)-1(e)1(n)-1(c)15(y v)20(oice and benef)20(it.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 474.0866 Tm
0 g
-0.013 Tc
0.373 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of Community Service Learning)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 488.7495 474.0866 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 463.1591 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(12)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 304.73 463.1591 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((2),)-260(27-37.)]TJ
-1.97 -1.61417 TD
0.005 Tc
(Mor)Tj
1.71886 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.50011 0 TD
0.005 Tc
0.404 Tw
[(an,)-659(D.L. (1998). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 378.8808 448.6316 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.5609 0 TD
0.005 Tc
0.404 Tw
(he f)Tj
1.89598 0 TD
[(ocus gr)45(oup guidebook)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 488.7503 448.6316 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
-21.4167 -1.21417 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Thousand Oaks,)-260(CA:)-260(Sage.)]TJ
-1 -1.61416 TD
0 Tw
(Oldenb)Tj
2.83383 0 TD
(ur)Tj
0.78495 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.027 Tw
[(,)-262(R. (1989). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 366.4028 423.1766 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.54091 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.027 Tw
(he g)Tj
1.66092 0 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.33705 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(eat good place:)-262(Caf)-1(es,)-262(cof)18(fee)]TJ
-10.36142 -1.21418 TD
-0.007 Tc
0 Tw
(shops,)Tj
3.09513 0 TD
(comm)Tj
2.35922 0 TD
0.367 Tw
(unity center)Tj
5.01975 0 TD
[(s,)-610(beauty parlor)9(s,)-610(g)10(ener)15(al)]TJ
-10.4741 -1.21418 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.011 Tw
[(stor)37(es,)-225(bar)10(s,)-224(hangouts,)-225(and how the)30(y g)10(et you thr)44(ough the)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(day)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 308.5896 390.394 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.49485 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.065 Tw
[(Ne)25(w Y)110(or)-1(k:)-260(P)15(aragon )-90(House.)]TJ
-2.89369 -1.61417 TD
0 Tc
(P)Tj
0.52601 0 TD
(a)Tj
0.42886 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(tter)Tj
1.27228 0 TD
(son,)Tj
1.83765 0 TD
(E.W)Tj
1.66789 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.49358 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.024 Tw
((1987). Ef)Tj
3.95813 0 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31777 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ects of par)Tj
4.04629 0 TD
0 Tw
(ticipa)Tj
2.1312 0 TD
0.024 Tw
(tion in required)Tj
-15.67966 -1.2142 TD
0.174 Tw
[(and not required community service pr)-1(ogr)1(ams on the)]TJ
0 -1.21417 TD
0.234 Tw
(process of self actualization in high school students.)Tj
0 -1.21416 TD
0.002 Tc
0 Tw
(Doctor)Tj
2.78759 0 TD
0.358 Tw
(al disser)Tj
3.67891 0 TD
0 Tw
(ta)Tj
0.72542 0 TD
(tion,)Tj
2.42501 0 TD
(Uni)Tj
1.48047 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.48698 0 TD
0.001 Tc
(er)Tj
0.78035 0 TD
0.002 Tc
0.358 Tw
(sity of Flor)Tj
5.18255 0 TD
(ida \(UMI)Tj
-17.54728 -1.2142 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(No.724949\))Tj
-1 -1.61417 TD
0.093 Tw
[(P)15(atton,)-328(M.Q. (1990). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 363.7872 317.629 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.093 Tw
[(Qualitative r)36(esear)37(c)15(h and e)15(valuation)]TJ
-7.53191 -1.21417 TD
0 Tw
(methods)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 325.0477 306.7015 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.49485 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Ne)25(wb)20(ur)-1(y P)15(ark,)-260(CA:)-260(Sa)-1(ge Publications,)-260(Inc. )]TJ
-4.72237 -1.61416 TD
0 Tw
(Sand)Tj
1.93976 0 TD
0 Tc
(y)Tj
0.42007 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.021 Tw
[(,)-214(M. (2005). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 351.4172 292.174 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(A)Tj
0.81025 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.021 Tw
(testament of no inher)Tj
8.09368 0 TD
0 Tw
(itance:)Tj
2.88552 0 TD
-0.021 Tw
(Civic and)Tj
-17.94691 -1.21418 TD
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.3277 0 TD
-0.004 Tw
(unity immer)Tj
4.62561 0 TD
[(sion in the Pitzer in Ontario Pr)45(o)9(gr)15(am)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 488.7499 281.2465 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
-21.41666 -1.21416 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[([Monograph]. Claremont,)-260(CA:)-260(Pitzer Colle)15(ge. )]TJ
-1 -1.61417 TD
0.073 Tw
[(Scheibel,)-309(J.,)-308(Bo)25(wle)14(y)65(,)-308(E.,)-308(& J)-1(ones,)-308(S. (2005). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 447.3529 255.7915 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.073 Tw
[(The pr)45(omise)]TJ
-16.81699 -1.21417 TD
0.042 Tw
(of par)Tj
2.36843 0 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.54083 0.00001 TD
(ships:)Tj
2.55729 0 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.44911 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.042 Tw
(apping into the campus as a commu-)Tj
-6.91567 -1.21419 TD
0.025 Tw
(nity asset)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 328.6163 233.9366 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.49478 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Pro)15(vidence,)-260(RI:)-261(Campus Compact.)]TJ
-5.11881 -1.61419 TD
0.031 Tw
[(Schmidt,)-212(A. & Robby)65(,)-266(M. (2002). )30(What\325)54(s the )1(v)24(alue of ser-)]TJ
1 -1.21416 TD
0 Tw
(vice-lear)Tj
3.36159 0 TD
0.16 Tw
(ning to the comm)Tj
7.26826 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(unity? )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 416.9134 208.4814 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Mic)Tj
1.49456 0 TD
(hig)Tj
1.23283 0.00001 TD
0.16 Tw
(an J)Tj
1.76941 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(our)Tj
1.34392 0.00001 TD
0.16 Tw
(nal of)Tj
-19.27554 -1.21419 TD
0 Tw
(Comm)Tj
2.55085 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(unity Service Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 398.4111 197.5539 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 402.8662 197.5539 Tm
0 g
(9)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 407.2312 197.5539 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((1),)Tj
1.61553 0 TD
(27-33. )Tj
-14.97455 -1.61417 TD
0.005 Tc
0.414 Tw
[(Sigmon,)-669(R. (1994). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 370.5347 183.0264 Tm
0 g
0.005 Tc
0.414 Tw
(Linking service with learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 488.7504 183.0264 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
-21.41671 -1.21417 TD
-0.015 Tc
([Mono)Tj
2.64668 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
(r)Tj
0.31777 0.00001 TD
(a)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ph]. )Tj
1.72893 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.84901 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ashington,)Tj
4.22439 0.00001 TD
(DC:)Tj
1.85771 0.00001 TD
0.001 Tw
(Council of Inde)Tj
6.05279 0 TD
0 Tw
(pendent)Tj
-18.59113 -1.21423 TD
(Colle)Tj
2.07661 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(es. )Tj
-3.56161 -1.61418 TD
0.325 Tw
[(Sigmon,)-560(R. (1979). Service-lear)-1(ning:)-542(Three principles.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 135.7164 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(Syner)37(gist)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 327.944 135.7164 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 332.399 135.7164 Tm
0 g
(8)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 336.764 135.7164 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-260(9-11. )]TJ
-5.52934 -1.61416 TD
-0.01 Tw
[(Skilton-Sylv)15(ester)39(,)-225(E. & Erwin,)-226(E. (2000). Creating recipro-)]TJ
1 -1.21417 TD
0.34 Tw
[(cal learning rela)-1(tionships across socially-constructed)]TJ
T*
0.003 Tc
0 Tw
(borders. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 330.9674 99.3339 Tm
0 g
0.003 Tc
0.357 Tw
[(Mic)15(hig)-1(an J)25(ournal of Community Service)]TJ
-3.88527 -1.21417 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Lear)Tj
1.82868 0.00001 TD
(ning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 327.9186 88.4064 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 332.3736 88.4064 Tm
0 g
(7)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 336.7386 88.4064 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.495 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(65-75. )Tj
-6.02151 -1.61419 TD
0.235 Tw
[(Sock)10(ett,)-471(H. (1998). Le)25(v)15(els of partnership. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 445.3976 73.8788 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(Metr)45(opolitan)]TJ
-16.59974 -1.21417 TD
(Uni)Tj
1.45476 0.00001 TD
[(ver)10(sities)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 337.7761 62.9513 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 342.2311 62.9513 Tm
0 g
(8)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 346.5961 62.9513 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((4),)Tj
1.61553 0.00001 TD
(75-82. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Sandy &)-250(Holland)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 42)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
43 0 obj
<<
/Length 11439
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(43)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 62 699.7092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.305 Tw
[(Stoeck)10(er)39(,)-540(R. (2005). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 141.9324 699.7092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.305 Tw
[(Resear)37(c)15(h methods for community)]TJ
-7.88138 -1.16826 TD
0 Tw
[(c)15(hang)10(e)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 95.9574 689.1949 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
0.47718 0 Td
0.025 Tw
[(Thousand Oaks,)-260(CA:)-260(Sage Publica)-1(tions.)]TJ
-4.25022 -1.56826 TD
-0.001 Tw
[(T)80(aylor)40(,)-234(J. (2002). Metaphors we serv)15(e by:)-234(In)39(v)15(estig)5(ating the)]TJ
1 -1.16826 TD
0.057 Tw
[(conceptual metaphors fr)-1(aming national and community)]TJ
T*
-0.001 Tc
0.361 Tw
[(service and service-lear)-1(ning. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 185.9888 654.0521 Tm
0 g
-0.001 Tc
0.361 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of)]TJ
-12.77653 -1.16826 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Community Service Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 173.4111 643.5378 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 177.8662 643.5378 Tm
0 g
(9)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 182.2312 643.5378 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((1),)-260(45-57. )]TJ
-13.35902 -1.56826 TD
-0.007 Tw
[(T)80(orres,)-228(J. (Ed.). (2000). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 144.7214 629.4235 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.007 Tw
[(Benc)15(hmarks for campus/comm)-1(uni-)]TJ
-8.19127 -1.16826 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ty partner)10(ships)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 123.3539 618.9092 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.49478 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Pro)15(vidence,)-260(RI:)-261(Campus Compact. )]TJ
-7.31188 -1.56826 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.55092 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.168 Tw
[(umiel-Berhalter)40(,)-404(L.,)-373(W)80(aktins,)-403(R.,)-404(& Crespo,)-403(C. (2005).)]TJ
0.44908 -1.16826 TD
0.004 Tc
0.355 Tw
[(Community-based participator)-1(y research:)-610(Def)19(ining)]TJ
-0.0058 Tc
(c)'
0.43818 0.00001 TD
-0.006 Tc
0.366 Tw
[(ommunity stak)10(eholders. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 168.998 583.7662 Tm
0 g
-0.0059 Tc
(M)Tj
0.82713 0.00001 TD
-0.006 Tc
0.366 Tw
[(etr)45(opolitan Univer)9(sities)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 263.7487 583.7662 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 573.2519 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(16)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 79.73 573.2519 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((1),)-260(91-105.)]TJ
-1.97 -1.56826 TD
0.117 Tw
[(V)111(ernon,)-298(A. & F)15(oster)40(,)-353(L. (2002). Community agenc)15(y per-)]TJ
1 -1.16826 TD
0.11 Tw
[(specti)25(v)15(es in higher education ser)-1(vice-learning and v)20(ol-)]TJ
T*
-0.009 Tw
[(unteerism. In S. Billig & )55(A. Fur)-1(co (Eds.),)-226(S)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 220.6557 538.109 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(ervice-learn-)Tj
-16.62841 -1.16826 TD
0.127 Tw
[(ing thr)45(ough a multidisciplinary lens:)-345(Advances in ser-)]TJ
T*
0.211 Tw
[(vice-learning r)37(esear)36(c)15(h)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 154.8611 517.0804 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.211 Tw
[((pp. 53-175). Informa)-1(tion )55(Age)]TJ
-9.3179 -1.16825 TD
0 Tw
(Publishing. )Tj
-1 -1.56827 TD
0.131 Tw
[(V)111(ernon,)-311(A. & )30(W)80(ar)-1(d,)-365(K. (1999). Campus and community)]TJ
1 -1.16826 TD
0 Tw
(par)Tj
1.23161 0 TD
(tner)Tj
1.49444 0 TD
0.141 Tw
[(ships:)-321(Assessing impact and strengthening con-)]TJ
-2.72606 -1.16826 TD
-0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(nections. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 108.3374 471.4233 Tm
0 g
-0.005 Tc
0.365 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of Community Service)]TJ
-4.1486 -1.16826 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Lear)Tj
1.82868 0 TD
(ning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 102.9186 460.909 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 107.3736 460.909 Tm
0 g
(6)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 111.7386 460.909 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.495 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(30-37. )Tj
-6.02151 -1.56826 TD
-0.004 Tw
[(W)80(ard,)-231(K. & )29(W)80(olf-W)80(endel,)-231(L. (2000). Community-centered)]TJ
1 -1.16826 TD
0.005 Tc
0.53 Tw
(service learning. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 143.0699 436.2804 Tm
0 g
0.005 Tc
0.53 Tw
[(American Behavior)15(al Scientist)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 263.7503 436.2804 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 425.7661 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(F)75(ebruary)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 103.2328 425.7661 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 107.6878 425.7661 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(43)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 116.4178 425.7661 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-260(767-780.)]TJ
-6.04642 -1.56826 TD
0.04 Tw
[(W)80(aterman,)-220(A. (1997). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 140.4838 411.6518 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.04 Tw
[(Service-learning:)-257(Applications fr)45(om)]TJ
-7.72042 -1.16825 TD
0.005 Tc
0.567 Tw
(the r)Tj
2.41549 0 TD
0 Tw
(esear)Tj
2.15366 0 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.43396 0 TD
(h)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 120.5729 401.1375 Tm
0 g
0.0049 Tc
(.)Tj
1.07664 0 Td
0.005 Tc
(Mahw)Tj
2.56503 0 TD
(ah,)Tj
2.03061 0 TD
(JH:)Tj
2.22544 0 TD
(La)Tj
1.04979 0 TD
(wr)Tj
1.06468 0 TD
0.567 Tw
(ence Erlbaum)Tj
-15.5203 -1.16827 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Associates. )Tj
-1 -1.56826 TD
-0.007 Tw
[(W)80(ellman,)-228(B. (2001). )18(The persistence and transforma)-1(tion of)]TJ
1 -1.16826 TD
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.43951 0 TD
(unity:)Tj
2.55791 0 TD
0.079 Tw
[(From neighbourhood gr)1(oups to social net)-1(-)]TJ
-4.99742 -1.16826 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.69716 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.80277 0 TD
0.327 Tw
(ks. Re)Tj
2.73658 0 TD
0 Tw
(por)Tj
1.28775 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.82462 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.327 Tw
(to the La)Tj
4.05797 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(w)Tj
1.26866 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Commission of Canada.)Tj
-11.67551 -1.16827 TD
0.034 Tw
[(W)80(ellman )55(Associates. October 30,)-269(2001. Retrie)24(v)15(ed July)65(,)]TJ
0 -1.16826 TD
0 Tw
(2003 )Tj
3 0 TD
0.001 Tc
(http://www)Tj
4.50327 0 TD
(.c)Tj
0.6965 0 TD
(hass.utor)Tj
3.59422 0 TD
(onto.ca/~w)Tj
4.46933 0 TD
(ellman/pub)Tj
4.5123 0 TD
(li)Tj
0.55831 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-21.33393 -1.16828 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(cations/inde)14(x.html)]TJ
-1 -1.56826 TD
0.039 Tw
[(W)80(orrall,)-275(L. (2005). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 130.6137 309.8231 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.039 Tw
[(Disco)10(vering the comm)-1(unity voice:)-256(The)]TJ
-6.62374 -1.16825 TD
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.3277 0 TD
0.057 Tw
(unity per)Tj
3.49442 0 TD
0 Tw
(specti)Tj
2.24228 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.42884 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.72074 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.057 Tw
(of the ser)Tj
3.68504 0 TD
[(vice-learning pr)45(o)9(gr)15(am)]TJ
-12.89902 -1.16827 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.67677 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.179 Tw
[(DeP)80(aul Univer)9(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 150.9164 288.7945 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.179 Tw
(\(Illinois\). \(Doctor)Tj
7.00172 0 TD
(al dissertation,)Tj
-15.88132 -1.16825 TD
-0.005 Tc
0.365 Tw
[(Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity of Pennsylv)25(ania\). Dissertation )54(Abstracts)]TJ
0 -1.16826 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(International,)-260(66 \(05\) \(UMI No. )54(AA)111(T 3175659\))]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 146.7771 249.1118 Tm
0 g
(A)Tj
0.70692 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(uthors)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 231.3974 Tm
0 g
-0.009 Tc
0.368 Tw
[(MARIE SAND)55(Y coordinated the Comm)-1(unity)]TJ
-0.9 -1.05143 TD
0.005 Tc
0.582 Tw
[(V)129(oices across California r)-1(esearch project at)]TJ
0 -1.05144 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.078 Tw
[(California Campus Compact tha)-1(t forms the basis of)]TJ
0 -1.05143 TD
0.011 Tw
[(this study)65(. She w)10(as pr)-1(e)26(viousl)-1(y the co-primary in)40(v)15(es)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.05142 TD
0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(tig)Tj
1.06577 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.44885 0.00001 TD
0.005 Tc
0.426 Tw
(tor for the HUD/COPC-sponsored Ontario)Tj
-1.51462 -1.05144 TD
0.555 Tw
[(Grassroots )17(Thinktank at Claremont Graduate)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
-0.017 Tw
[(Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity and directed a ci)25(vic and community learn-)]TJ
0 -1.05143 TD
0.085 Tw
(ing immer)Tj
4.08839 -0.00001 TD
[(sion program at Pitzer Colle)15(ge. She also)]TJ
-4.08839 -1.05142 TD
-0.031 Tw
(conducted post-doctor)Tj
8.56752 0.00001 TD
(al w)Tj
1.59302 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.80277 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(k)Tj
0.68901 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.031 Tw
(in comm)Tj
3.3917 0 TD
(unity lear)Tj
3.62314 0 TD
0 Tw
(ning)Tj
-18.66716 -1.05146 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(t)Tj
0.47607 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Calif)Tj
1.9244 0.00001 TD
-0.022 Tw
[(ornia State Uni)24(v)15(ersity \320 Montere)15(y Bay)65(,)-214(where)]TJ
-2.82932 -1.05144 TD
0.005 Tc
0.808 Tw
[(she directed the Soledad Street/Chinato)25(wn)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Re)25(vitalization Pr)-1(oject funded by HUD. )]TJ
0.9 -1.0514 TD
0.186 Tw
[(B)35(ARB)35(ARA )55(A. HOLLAND is director of Lear)-1(n)]TJ
-0.9 -1.0514 TD
-0.005 Tc
0.365 Tw
(and Ser)Tj
3.359 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4805 0 TD
-0.0047 Tc
(e)Tj
0.9944 0 TD
-0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(Amer)Tj
2.25815 0.00001 TD
(ica\325)Tj
1.42514 0.00001 TD
-0.0047 Tc
(s)Tj
0.99424 0 Td
-0.005 Tc
(Na)Tj
1.15679 0.00001 TD
0.365 Tw
(tional Service-Learning)Tj
-10.6683 -1.0515 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Clear)Tj
2.0903 0 TD
0.153 Tw
(inghouse. She is also a Senior Scholar in the)Tj
-2.0903 -1.0514 TD
0.005 Tc
0.516 Tw
(Center for Service and Learning at Indiana)Tj
T*
0 Tw
(Uni)Tj
1.4898 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4901 0 TD
0.005 Tc
(er)Tj
0.7866 0 TD
0.402 Tw
[(sity-Purdue Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity Indianapolis. Her)]TJ
19.73344 63.58416 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.077 Tw
[(research focuses on or)18(g)5(anizational c)-1(hange in higher)]TJ
0 -1.05 TD
0.196 Tw
[(education with particular focus on institutionaliza)-1(-)]TJ
-0.0151 Tc
(t)'
0.26291 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.036 Tw
[(ion and assessment of community eng)5(agement,)-271(ser-)]TJ
-0.26291 -1.05001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(vice-learning,)-260(and partner)-1(ships.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 349.7811 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Dif)18(fer)36(ent )40(W)92(orlds and Common Gr)45(ound)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 43)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
44 0 obj
<<
/Length 13577
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(44)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61.9198 716.0527 Tm
0 g
-0.0003 Tc
(M)Tj
0.83272 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(ic)15(higan J)24(ournal of Community Service Learning)-19151(F)75(all 2006,)-275(pp. 44-55)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
14 0 0 14 71 490.2144 Tm
0 g
(C)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 80.8969 490.2144 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.205 Tw
[(ommunity Service Learning (CSL) peda)-1(gogy)65(,)]TJ
-1.88969 -1.15589 TD
0.025 Tw
[(programs,)-260(and resear)-1(c)1(h by their v)14(ery nature promote)]TJ
0 -1.1559 TD
0.233 Tw
(the idea of academic-comm)Tj
11.40072 0 TD
(unity inter)Tj
4.2058 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ention\321an)Tj
-16.07663 -1.1559 TD
-0.01 Tw
[(interruption in the w)10(ay things are that produces some)]TJ
0 -1.15589 TD
0.103 Tw
[(sort of change f)-1(or social betterment. Ho)25(w to assess)]TJ
0 -1.1559 TD
0.13 Tw
[(both the quality and quantity of change,)-365(for whom)]TJ
0 -1.15589 TD
0.179 Tw
[(and for what purposes,)-415(remains a central focus of)]TJ
T*
0.005 Tc
0.711 Tw
[(CSL scholarship \(see,)-966(for e)15(xample,)-911(Astin,)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.017 Tw
[(V)129(ogelgesang,)-252(Ik)9(eda,)-252(& Lee,)-252(2000; Driscoll,)-252(Holland,)]TJ
0 -1.1559 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Gelmon,)-260(& K)25(er)-1(r)1(ig)4(an,)-260(1996; Le)25(vin,)-260(2000\). )]TJ
0.9 -1.15589 TD
0.057 Tw
(In an essa)Tj
3.90536 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.77645 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(tha)Tj
1.17684 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.5544 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(ad)Tj
0.91389 0 TD
0.057 Tw
[(v)25(ances a theoretical and practi)-1(-)]TJ
-8.22694 -1.1559 TD
-0.016 Tw
(cal fr)Tj
1.97513 0 TD
0 Tw
(ame)Tj
1.59562 0 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.69716 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(or)Tj
0.80277 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(k)Tj
0.70383 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.016 Tw
(for conceptualizing the design of CSL)Tj
-5.77451 -1.15591 TD
0.209 Tw
[(research,)-389(Astin (2000) uses )30(W)40(ilber\325)55(s \(1995,)-444(1998\))]TJ
0 -1.15589 TD
-0.027 Tw
[(four)20(-quadrant model to distinguish the indi)25(vidual and)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(collecti)Tj
2.79797 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.71711 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.053 Tw
(as w)Tj
1.79804 0 TD
(ell as the inter)Tj
5.55615 0 TD
(ior and e)Tj
3.45501 0 TD
0 Tw
(xter)Tj
1.49444 0 TD
0.053 Tw
(ior dimen)Tj
3.77842 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06725 -1.15592 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.063 Tw
[(sions of social life in terms of indi)25(vidual conscious)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15589 TD
0 Tw
(ness,)Tj
2.44832 0 TD
0.317 Tw
[(indi)25(vidual actions,)-552(institutional culture,)-552(and)]TJ
-2.44832 -1.1559 TD
0.052 Tw
(institutional structures. Based on the four quadrants,)Tj
0 -1.15589 TD
0.005 Tc
0.356 Tw
(among the fundamental pr)Tj
11.71184 0 TD
(inciples of outcome)Tj
-11.71184 -1.15591 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(assessment in CSL,)-205(Astin suggests:)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 72.8 255.4358 Tm
0 g
-0.036 Tw
[(1\))-427(Resear)36(c)15(h on service-learning needs to look at)]TJ
1.26 -1.15589 TD
0.122 Tw
(both indi)Tj
3.70579 0.00001 TD
(vidual and collecti)Tj
7.68699 0.00001 TD
[(ve or)37(ganization-)]TJ
-11.39278 -1.15591 TD
0.025 Tw
[(al/structur)15(al outcomes;)]TJ
-1.26 -1.51588 TD
0.237 Tw
[(2\))-427(Ser)-1(vice-learning r)37(esear)37(c)15(h needs to look at)]TJ
1.26 -1.15589 TD
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.84399 0.00001 TD
(o)Tj
0.49024 0.00001 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0.00001 TD
(r)Tj
0.37402 0.00001 TD
0.046 Tw
(am impacts on the e)Tj
8.16094 0 TD
0 Tw
(xter)Tj
1.55444 0 TD
0.046 Tw
[(ior)10(s and interi-)]TJ
-11.92363 -1.15594 TD
0.008 Tc
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.89444 0 TD
0.0076 Tc
(s)Tj
1.02148 0 Td
0.008 Tc
0.367 Tw
(of the indi)Tj
4.87406 0 TD
[(viduals and or)37(ganizations)]TJ
-6.78998 -1.1559 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
(being studied. p. 99 [original emphasis])Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 167.3233 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.049 Tw
[(Astin\325)55(s use of the model and suggestions for assess)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.1559 TD
0.18 Tw
[(ment are instructi)24(v)15(e for their refer)-1(ence to the sys-)]TJ
0 -1.15589 TD
-0.03 Tw
(temic impact of c)Tj
6.62284 0 TD
[(hange processes. Change in an)15(y one)]TJ
-6.62284 -1.1559 TD
0 Tw
(par)Tj
1.23161 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.60719 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.109 Tw
(of the comm)Tj
5.10778 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(unity )Tj
2.32506 0 TD
(\322system\323)Tj
3.88943 0 TD
0.109 Tw
(impacts the other)Tj
6.85002 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(s)Tj
-20.01109 -1.15592 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.176 Tw
(and thus cannot be studied in isola)Tj
14.30778 0.00001 TD
[(tion. Indi)25(vidual)]TJ
-14.3078 -1.1559 TD
0.061 Tw
[(actions are interdependent on those of the collecti)24(v)15(e)]TJ
T*
-0.018 Tw
[(to produce meaningful outcomes for structur)-1(es,)-217(or)18(g)5(a-)]TJ
T*
-0.031 Tw
[(nizations and institutions,)-205(which in turn pro)15(vide feed-)]TJ
T*
0.046 Tw
[(back that af)24(f)1(ects actions and rela)-1(tions on an indi)25(vid-)]TJ
T*
0.123 Tw
[(ual and collecti)25(v)15(e le)24(v)15(el. F)15(or )55(Astin,)-359(the implications)]TJ
22.5 42.65273 TD
0.002 Tw
[(for assessment are clear:)-208(W)80(e must e)25(v)25(aluate outcomes)]TJ
0 -1.15287 TD
0.015 Tw
(and c)Tj
2.07764 0 TD
0 Tw
(hang)Tj
1.88385 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.67882 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.015 Tw
(in g)Tj
1.48276 0 TD
0 Tw
(ener)Tj
1.66046 0 TD
0.015 Tw
(al in ter)Tj
2.94885 0 TD
(ms of the inter)Tj
5.62332 0 TD
0 Tw
(dependen-)Tj
-16.3557 -1.15289 TD
0.025 Tw
(cies among all parts of the system.)Tj
0.9 -1.15287 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.063 Tw
(In this essa)Tj
4.32806 0 TD
(y)Tj
0.77249 0 Td
(w)Tj
0.70201 0 TD
-0.0202 Tc
(e)Tj
0.71626 0 Td
(e)Tj
0.40913 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
[(xtend )55(Astin\325)55(s (2000) ideas a)-1(bout)]TJ
-7.82795 -1.15288 TD
0.094 Tw
(the systemic relationship among CSL constituencies)Tj
0 -1.15287 TD
0 Tw
(to the assessment of lear)Tj
9.27375 0 TD
[(ning as communication. )17(T)1(ha)-1(t)]TJ
-9.27375 -1.15287 TD
0.008 Tw
[(is,)-238(while we too see the importance of e)24(v)25(aluating out-)]TJ
T*
0.03 Tw
[(comes in terms of the connections among parts \(con)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.016 Tw
[(stituencies\) to form a holistic system,)-247(our concern for)]TJ
T*
-0.012 Tc
0.367 Tw
(assessment en)Tj
5.80398 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47278 0 TD
-0.012 Tc
(elops both pr)Tj
5.79557 0 TD
(ocess and outcome)Tj
8.07781 0 TD
0 Tc
(.)Tj
-20.15014 -1.15288 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.157 Tw
(Learning in CSL and the assessment thereof might)Tj
0 -1.15287 TD
0 Tw
(fr)Tj
0.62553 0 TD
(uitfull)Tj
2.30412 0 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(y)Tj
0.75528 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
0.045 Tw
(be ar)Tj
1.8983 0 TD
(gued to be constr)Tj
6.65533 0 TD
(ucted in )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 442.9287 363.0045 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(comm)Tj
2.32769 0 TD
(unica)Tj
2.14669 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06725 -1.15288 TD
-0.015 Tc
(tion)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 305.6669 351.4758 Tm
0 g
-0.02 Tc
0.141 Tw
(with other)Tj
4.02309 0 TD
0 Tw
(s,)Tj
0.96995 0 TD
0.141 Tw
[(thereby complicating the di)25(visions)]TJ
-6.85973 -1.15287 TD
0.284 Tw
[(between )55(Astin\325)54(s v)15(ersion of the internal indi)25(vidual)]TJ
T*
-0.031 Tw
[(\(cognitions,)-199(v)24(alues,)-199(beliefs\) and the indi)25(vidual\325)55(s e)14(xter-)]TJ
T*
0.019 Tw
(nal actions (outcomes) as w)Tj
10.64312 0 TD
(ell as with the institution)Tj
9.42413 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06725 -1.15288 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.151 Tw
[(al culture and structure. )18(That is,)-382(actions are al)10(w)10(ays)]TJ
0 -1.15287 TD
-0.014 Tw
(meaningful and meaning is made in (inter)action with)Tj
T*
0 Tw
(other)Tj
1.95446 0 TD
-0.024 Tw
(s; the process of meaning-making is itself empir-)Tj
-1.95446 -1.15287 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ical,)-255(just as outcomes are social f)9(acts. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15287 TD
0 Tc
(F)Tj
0.54091 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.054 Tw
[(rom this perspecti)25(v)15(e,)-289(we see learning not simply)]TJ
-1.44091 -1.15287 TD
0.274 Tw
(as an indi)Tj
4.20439 0.00001 TD
(vidual acti)Tj
4.27648 0 TD
[(vity b)20(ut as a communica)-1(ti)25(v)15(e)]TJ
-8.48087 -1.15289 TD
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.80276 0.00001 TD
0.069 Tw
(ocess \(see)Tj
3.94439 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.53947 0.00001 TD
(f)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(or e)Tj
1.5212 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(xample)Tj
2.85336 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.53948 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(De)Tj
1.11087 0.00001 TD
0.069 Tw
[(we)15(y)65(,)-304(1925; Haber)-1(mas,)]TJ
-11.62929 -1.15292 TD
-0.034 Tw
[(1984\) which cannot be separated fr)-1(o)1(m the e)14(xperience)]TJ
0 -1.15287 TD
0.167 Tw
[(of its occurrence. )50(V)60(ie)24(wing learning in this manner)]TJ
T*
-0.032 Tw
[(of)25(fer)-1(s a windo)25(w (or maybe a lens) into the CSL e)15(xpe-)]TJ
0 -1.15288 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ience)Tj
2.03438 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.46298 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.007 Tw
(because so m)Tj
5.13703 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(uc)Tj
0.91385 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.71286 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.007 Tw
(of w)Tj
1.73779 0.00001 TD
(hat we and our students)Tj
-11.31665 -1.15291 TD
0.045 Tw
[(tak)10(e a)14(w)10(ay from those e)15(xperiences in the community)]TJ
0 -1.15287 TD
0.133 Tw
[(seems so rich,)-368(comple)14(x,)-367(and dif)24(f)20(icult to name,)-368(and)]TJ
T*
0.106 Tw
[(thus to easily isolate)-1(,)-341(cate)15(gor)-1(ize,)-341(and measure. )55(And)]TJ
T*
0.032 Tw
[(yet,)-267(if lear)-1(ning is located in the w)10(ays we,)-267(along with)]TJ
T*
-0.008 Tw
[(others,)-227(mak)10(e meaning of our e)14(xperiences,)-227(ho)25(w might)]TJ
0 Tc
(w)'
0.70692 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.81511 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(under)Tj
2.20165 0.00001 TD
(stand)Tj
2.0356 0.00001 TD
0.151 Tw
[(,)-386(much less assess,)-387(that learning has)]TJ
-5.75928 -1.15289 TD
0 Tw
(occurred?)Tj
0.9 -1.15287 TD
-0.035 Tw
[(This dif)25(f)20(icult question is the focus of our essay)65(,)-201(and)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15287 TD
0.02 Tw
[(in what follo)24(ws we b)20(uild on the conceptualization of)]TJ
T*
0.053 Tw
[(assessment in the service-learning f)19(ield by introduc-)]TJ
T*
0.35 Tw
(ing and a)Tj
4.23103 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ppl)Tj
1.23283 0.00001 TD
0.35 Tw
(ying an assessment fr)Tj
9.31583 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ame)Tj
1.59563 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.69716 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.35 Tw
(ork that)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
14 0 0 14 122.3862 675.2144 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Assessing Lear)16(ning in Comm)1(unity Ser)10(vice Lear)16(ning:)]TJ
7.08889 -1.14286 TD
-0.0142 Tc
(A)Tj
0.96758 0 Td
-0.014 Tc
-0.031 Tw
[(Social A)25(ppr)19(oac)1(h)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 210.4844 640.3569 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Leda Cooks)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 262.6695 640.3569 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(and )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 279.258 640.3569 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(E)-1(r)1(ica Sc)1(har)1(r)18(e)-1(r)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 202.9385 628.3571 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Massac)14(husetts\320Amher)10(st)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 88 597.3571 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.023 Tw
[(This essay advances a way of thinking about assessment that en)40(velops both pr)45(ocess and outcome)14(. )40(W)92(e assert)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
-0.033 Tw
[(that learning in community service lear)-1(ning and the assessment ther)37(eof might fruitfully be consider)37(ed in com-)]TJ
0 Tc
(m)'
0.70692 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.004 Tw
[(unication with other)10(s \(the students,)-240(constituents fr)45(om the community)55(,)-240(instructor)10(s,)-240(etc.\). Concepts centr)15(al to)]TJ
-0.70692 -1.16667 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(a)Tj
0.7802 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.06 Tw
[(social appr)45(oac)15(h to learning ar)36(e identif)20(ied,)-296(and e)20(xamples of ways to assess those concepts ar)37(e advanced.)]TJ
-0.78021 -1.16667 TD
0.038 Tw
[(F)45(inally)55(,)-273(methods of assessing the social dimension of learning ar)37(e pr)45(o)10(vided,)-273(including intervie)14(ws and focus)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(gr)45(oups,)-260(the analysis of journal assignments,)-260(and the observation of videotaped inter)14(actions.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 44)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
45 0 obj
<<
/Length 14429
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(45)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 346.6311 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Assessing Learning:)-250(A Social )18(Appr)45(oac)14(h)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.097 Tw
[(embeds learning in the conte)15(xt of e)14(xperience. In so)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.042 Tw
[(doing,)-277(we do not wish to ne)15(g)5(ate the contrib)20(utions of)]TJ
T*
-0.001 Tc
0.361 Tw
[(c)1(o)1(gniti)25(v)15(e and beha)20(vior)-1(al measures of learning.)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.004 Tw
[(Rather)39(,)-231(we wish to of)25(fer a dif)25(ferent perspecti)25(v)15(e\321one)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.024 Tw
[(that can complement more traditional a)-1(pproaches by)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.037 Tw
[(locating learning outcomes in the conte)14(xt of their use.)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.001 Tw
[(W)80(e call this perspecti)25(v)14(e a social approach to learning)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.089 Tw
[(and dif)25(ferentia)-1(te it from assessment procedures that)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.021 Tw
[(assume learning as an indi)25(vidual act and thus an indi-)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.165 Tw
[(vidual outcome. Both approaches \(social and indi)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.04 Tw
[(vidual-based\) lead to dif)25(ferent and v)24(alid conclusions)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.265 Tw
[(about the nature of learning and e)15(xper)-1(ience,)-499(and)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.375 Tw
[(practitioners can substitute,)-611(supplement,)-610(comple-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.16 Tw
[(ment,)-396(or compare the tw)10(o approaches to assessing)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.202 Tw
[(their projects. Nonetheless,)-438(to accept the concepts)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.058 Tw
[(adv)25(anced in this artic)-1(le,)-293(the reader must belie)25(v)14(e that)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(a)Tj
0.78629 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.123 Tw
[(more comprehensi)25(v)14(e e)25(v)25(aluation of the process of)]TJ
-0.78629 -1.15791 TD
0.025 Tw
[(learning in CSL is possible or desirable)-1(. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15789 TD
0.039 Tw
[(W)40(ith a rigor)-1(ous focus on interaction \(def)20(ined here)]TJ
-0.9 -1.1579 TD
0.315 Tw
[(as e)15(xpressed action and interaction betw)-1(een and)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.01 Tc
0.37 Tw
[(among indi)25(viduals,)-610(compared with co)-1(gnition or)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.009 Tw
[(recall of attitudes,)-244(beha)20(vior)-1(s,)-244(etc.\),)-244(we hope to de)25(v)15(el)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.133 Tw
(op an assessment fr)Tj
7.91738 0 TD
0 Tw
(ame)Tj
1.59563 0 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.69715 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.133 Tw
[(ork that pro)14(vides a set of)]TJ
-10.21016 -1.15791 TD
0 Tw
(conce)Tj
2.25655 0 TD
0.029 Tw
(ptual and methodolo)Tj
7.99363 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ical tools f)Tj
4.09864 0 TD
(or the service-)Tj
-14.83382 -1.1579 TD
0 Tw
(lear)Tj
1.43829 0 TD
0.281 Tw
(ning pr)Tj
3.03621 0 TD
[(actitioner)55(. By situating learning in the)]TJ
-4.4745 -1.15791 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ela)Tj
1.12053 0 TD
0.223 Tw
(tional and conte)Tj
6.57788 0 TD
(xtual processes through which)Tj
-8.01617 -1.1579 TD
0.193 Tw
[(people mak)10(e meaning,)-428(we also are able to situate)]TJ
T*
0.085 Tw
[(community service learning as eng)4(a)1(ged pr)-1(actice\321a)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.26 Tw
[(practice that of)24(f)1(er)-1(s learning )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 180.3737 375.7997 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.26 Tw
(in situ)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 211.6066 375.7997 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.26 Tw
(through chal-)Tj
-14.96066 -1.1579 TD
0.038 Tw
[(lenges to notions of po)25(wer)39(,)-273(identities,)-273(cultures,)-273(com-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.025 Tw
[(munity)65(,)-260(and change. )]TJ
1.11939 -1.1579 TD
-0.016 Tw
[(Loosely follo)25(wing Gelmon et al.)6955(s (2001) suggest-)]TJ
-1.11939 -1.15789 TD
-0.001 Tc
0.361 Tw
[(ed questions for assessment,)-610(we be)15(gin with a)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.256 Tw
[(response to their question \322What ar)-1(e we looking)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(or?\323)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
5 0 0 5 81.7823 309.701 Tm
0 g
(1)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 89.3461 306.326 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.279 Tw
(with a g)Tj
3.6592 0 TD
(oal to assess lear)Tj
7.25782 0 TD
(ning as a social)Tj
-13.65163 -1.15791 TD
0.053 Tw
[(process,)-288(and in particular to a)-1(pply such an approach)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(to)Tj
1.13103 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.148 Tw
(CSL pr)Tj
2.97487 -0.00001 TD
[(ojects. )18(T)80(ypically)65(,)-384(a CSL assessment pro-)]TJ
-4.1059 -1.15789 TD
0.044 Tw
(gram might ask what the academic and (sometimes))Tj
T*
0.031 Tw
[(ci)25(vic g)-1(oals of the project might be and then measure)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.124 Tw
[(those goals with methods such as surv)15(e)15(ys \(pre and)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.005 Tw
[(post\),)-230(reflection paper)-1(s,)-230(or journals and course e)25(v)25(alu-)]TJ
T*
0.13 Tw
[(ation forms. Goals might range fr)-1(om being able to)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.101 Tw
(identify and apply course concepts in a community)Tj
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.013 Tc
0 Tw
(setting)Tj
2.57451 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.84689 0.00001 TD
-0.013 Tc
0.373 Tw
(to impr)Tj
3.19762 0 TD
[(o)15(ving uni)25(v)15(e)1(rsity-community rela-)]TJ
-6.61902 -1.15792 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.292 Tw
[(tions. Indicators \(wha)-1(t is measured\) might range)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(fr)Tj
0.63553 0.00001 TD
0.333 Tw
(om use of v)Tj
5.50867 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(oca)Tj
1.34269 0.00001 TD
0.333 Tw
[(b)20(ulary to fr)-1(equenc)15(y of contact)]TJ
-7.48689 -1.15792 TD
0.025 Tw
[(between students and community)65(. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15789 TD
-0.007 Tw
(Other instr)Tj
4.13152 0 TD
(umental assessment measur)Tj
10.66188 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(es)Tj
1.03033 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(are found)Tj
-16.72373 -1.15791 TD
0.082 Tw
(in the correlations between course concepts and the)Tj
0 -1.15789 TD
0.153 Tw
(skills lear)Tj
3.84737 0 TD
[(ned. )55(Although the e)25(v)25(alua)-1(tion of practices)]TJ
-3.84737 -1.15791 TD
-0.023 Tw
(comes closer to analyzing learning as situated in con-)Tj
T*
0.106 Tw
[(te)15(xt,)-341(the identif)20(ied skills or competen)-1(cies are rarel)-1(y)]TJ
T*
0.046 Tw
[(analyzed in the conte)15(xt of their use and their assess)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.003 Tc
0.357 Tw
[(ment is conf)20(ined to the indi)24(vidual.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
5 0 0 5 217.6886 89.701 Tm
0 g
(2)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 225.755 86.326 Tm
0 g
0.003 Tc
(Assessing)Tj
-16.3755 -1.1579 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.4288 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(hang)Tj
1.8839 0 TD
0.087 Tw
(es in identities or pr)Tj
7.95846 0.00001 TD
(actices fr)Tj
3.57215 0.00001 TD
(om this per)Tj
4.50731 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(spec)Tj
1.71661 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.0672 -1.1579 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(ti)25(v)14(e assumes learning as the modif)20(ication of an e)15(xist)-1(-)]TJ
22.5 63.68422 TD
0.113 Tw
(ing attitude or mental disposition within the self or)Tj
0 -1.15238 TD
0.209 Tw
[(the other person\325)55(s mind,)-444(or the display or perfor)-1(-)]TJ
T*
-0.003 Tw
[(mance of a specif)20(ic beha)19(vior or course of action. )18(The)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
-0.011 Tw
[(preset def)19(inition of skills to be learned limits the pos-)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.134 Tw
[(sibilities of the other in interaction to contrib)19(ute to)]TJ
T*
0.006 Tw
[(what those skills mean in and to the interaction,)-241(their)]TJ
T*
0.155 Tw
[(usefulness in coordinating meaning,)-391(and the moral)]TJ
T*
0.054 Tw
[(outcome of the con)40(v)15(er)-1(sation. In CSL courses,)-289(in the)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
0.057 Tw
[(case of shifting teaching,)-292(learning,)-292(and helping r)-1(ela-)]TJ
T*
0.285 Tw
[(tionships between classroom and community)64(,)-519(the)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.278 Tw
[(relationships between social and cultural identity)65(,)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(skills,)-260(and moral outcome can be problema)-1(tic.)]TJ
0.9 -1.15239 TD
-0.034 Tw
[(Still,)-202(skills in and of themselv)15(es are important tools)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15238 TD
0.06 Tw
[(for assessment; our objecti)25(v)15(e here is not to do a)15(w)9(a)1(y)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
0.071 Tw
[(with them as measures of learning,)-306(b)20(ut to note their)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.237 Tw
[(traditional grounding in a self-contained predeter)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.075 Tw
[(mined \322objecti)25(v)15<65D3>-310(outcome. Skills can be r)-1(esituated)]TJ
T*
0.032 Tw
[(as part of mutual rule constr)-1(uction)1(s tha)-1(t k)10(eep people)]TJ
T*
0.003 Tw
[(connected and w)10(or)-1(king to)25(w)10(ard mutuall)-1(y desired out-)]TJ
T*
0.189 Tw
[(comes in and for the community)65(. )17(T)1(hus,)-424(while the)]TJ
T*
-0.021 Tw
[(indi)25(vidual or instrumental perspecti)24(v)15(e is popular)40(,)-214(v)25(al)-1(-)]TJ
T*
-0.006 Tw
[(ued,)-229(and often needed,)-229(we belie)24(v)15(e that other perspec-)]TJ
T*
-0.026 Tw
[(ti)25(v)14(es can open doors to other w)10(ays of kno)25(wing,)-209(learn-)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(ing)Tj
1.23283 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.49501 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(and e)Tj
2.06279 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4601 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(alua)Tj
1.60553 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(ting tha)Tj
2.93235 0 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(t)Tj
0.52265 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(lear)Tj
1.43848 0 TD
(ning. )Tj
-9.65646 -1.1524 TD
-0.024 Tw
[(The rest of the essay is di)25(vided into concepts,)-211(indi)-1(-)]TJ
-1.09328 -1.15238 TD
0 Tw
(ca)Tj
0.8577 0 TD
0.218 Tw
[(tors,)-453(e)15(xamples,)-453(and methods of assessment. )30(W)80(e)]TJ
-0.8577 -1.15239 TD
0.028 Tw
[(f)20(irst r)-1(e)26(vie)24(w the CSL literature on assessment for k)10(e)15(y)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.167 Tw
[(terms and concepts with an e)14(ye to)25(w)10(ard ho)25(w these)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(conce)Tj
2.25655 0 TD
0.021 Tw
(pts might be measur)Tj
7.85823 0 TD
(ed fr)Tj
1.80502 0 TD
(om a social a)Tj
5.11474 0 TD
0 Tw
(ppr)Tj
1.28776 0 TD
(oac)Tj
1.3427 0 TD
(h.)Tj
-19.665 -1.1524 TD
0.233 Tw
[(Ne)15(xt,)-468(fr)-1(om the conceptual bases for learning and)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.43951 0 TD
(unica)Tj
2.09053 0 TD
0.276 Tw
(tion identif)Tj
4.49218 0 TD
(ied in social constr)Tj
8.05368 0 TD
0 Tw
(uctionist)Tj
-17.0759 -1.15239 TD
0.322 Tw
[(and pragmatist scholarship,)-558(we identify concepts)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.029 Tw
[(central to a social approac)-1(h to assessment and meth-)]TJ
T*
-0.034 Tw
(ods f)Tj
1.86259 0 TD
[(or locating these concepts in CSL and classr)-1(oom)]TJ
-1.86259 -1.15238 TD
0 Tw
(acti)Tj
1.35846 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(vities. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 350.6042 289.3204 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Literature Re)25(vie)24(w )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 270.5966 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.139 Tw
[(Although it is be)15(yond the scope of this paper to)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15238 TD
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.80276 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.089 Tw
[(vide a thorough re)25(vie)25(w of all the w)9(ays in which)]TJ
-1.27287 -1.15239 TD
0.003 Tw
(student lear)Tj
4.45967 0.00001 TD
[(ning and community impact in CSL ha)20(v)14(e)]TJ
-4.45967 -1.15239 TD
0.128 Tw
[(been assessed,)-363(we be)15(gin with a br)-1(ief re)25(vie)25(w of the)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.044 Tw
[(k)10(e)15(y concepts that ha)19(v)15(e emer)18(ged to measure learning)]TJ
T*
0.133 Tw
[(in the research to date)-1(. )30(W)80(e can conclude from this)]TJ
T*
0.011 Tw
[(brief re)25(vie)24(w that great strides ha)20(v)14(e been made to dis-)]TJ
T*
0.085 Tw
[(co)15(v)15(er the myr)-1(iad w)10(ays that learning in CSL is both)]TJ
T*
0.008 Tw
[(similar to and dif)25(ferent fr)-1(om learning in other educa-)]TJ
T*
-0.016 Tw
[(ti)25(v)14(e e)15(xperiences. )90(Y)100(et,)-219(we join a small group of others,)]TJ
T*
0.187 Tw
[(also re)25(vie)25(wed brief)-1(l)1(y her)-1(e)1(,)-422(who attempt to further)]TJ
T*
0.12 Tw
(push the boundar)Tj
6.88632 0 TD
(ies of w)Tj
3.28439 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ha)Tj
0.91385 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.61735 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.12 Tw
(is consider)Tj
4.25856 0.00001 TD
(ed lear)Tj
2.7067 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ning)Tj
-18.66716 -1.15241 TD
0.025 Tw
(and ho)Tj
2.60395 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(w)Tj
0.96683 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(it can be assessed)Tj
6.82953 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(.)Tj
-9.50031 -1.15239 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.066 Tw
[(One k)10(e)15(y concept that has emer)17(ged in past research)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15238 TD
0.241 Tw
(uses impr)Tj
3.87658 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.46011 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.46012 0.00001 TD
-0.025 Tc
(ed academic perf)Tj
6.91105 0.00001 TD
(ormance in the class-)Tj
-11.70786 -1.1524 TD
0.155 Tw
[(room and,)-380(more gener)-1(ally)65(,)-380(academic eng)5(agement to)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.033 Tw
(indicate that learning has occurred through CSL \(e.g.,)Tj
T*
0.163 Tw
[(Astin et al.,)-388(2000; Gallini & Moely)64(,)-388(2003; Giles &)]TJ
T*
0.288 Tw
[(Eyler)40(,)-514(1994; Hepb)20(urn,)-514(Niemi,)-513(& Chapman,)-514(2000;)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 45)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
46 0 obj
<<
/Length 14945
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(46)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Cooks &)-250(Sharr)37(er)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.195 Tw
[(Hunter & Brisbin,)-420(2000; Steink)9(e & Buresh,)-420(2002\).)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.082 Tw
[(Another k)10(e)15(y concept in the CSL literature on assess-)]TJ
T*
[(ment is ci)25(vic eng)5(agement,)-307(as e)25(vident by such indica-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.074 Tw
(tors as attitudes about and interest in social problems)Tj
0 -1.15789 TD
0.269 Tw
[(or v)20(olunteering \(e.g.,)-440(Astin,)-494(Sax,)-495(& )55(A)74(v)25(alos,)-494(1999;)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.013 Tw
[(Eyler & Giles,)-212(1999; Moely)65(,)-212(Mercer)39(,)-212(Ilustre,)-212(Miron,)-212(&)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.145 Tw
[(McF)15(ar)-1(land,)-370(2002; Perry & Katula,)-370(2001; Roschelle,)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.01 Tw
[(T)45(urpin,)-216(& Elias,)-215(2000; )90(Y)100(ates & )90(Y)110(ouniss,)-216(1998\). )55(A third)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.052 Tw
[(k)10(e)15(y concept is respect and tolerance for di)24(v)15(ersity or a)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
-0.024 Tc
0.374 Tw
[(self-reported connection with others \(e)-1(.g.,)-600(Bo)10(yle-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.123 Tw
[(Baise,)-348(1998; Gallini & Moely)65(,)-348(2003; Giles & Eyler)40(,)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.143 Tw
[(1994; Hepb)20(urn,)-368(Niemi,)-368(& Chapman,)-368(2000\). Finall)-1(y)65(,)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.2 Tw
[(past researchers ha)19(v)15(e identif)20(ied the de)25(v)15(elopment of)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.035 Tw
[(skills,)-190(such as writing and speaking abilities,)-189(stemming)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.113 Tw
[(from the e)14(xperiential nature of CSL \(e.g.,)-338(Dubinksy)65(,)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.102 Tw
[(2002; T)45(uck)9(er)40(,)-345(McCarth)4(y)65(,)-345(Hoxmeier)40(,)-345(& )-18(Lenk,)-345(1998\).)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.1 Tw
[(W)80(e agree that each of these concepts is important in)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
-0.025 Tw
[(establishing whether and ho)25(w indi)24(viduals ha)20(v)15(e learned)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.15 Tw
[(or changed through a CSL e)15(xperience)-1(. )90(Y)100(et,)-375(we also)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.016 Tw
[(ar)17(gue in this paper that despite the impressi)25(v)15(e array of)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.08 Tw
[(outcomes of CSL e)15(xplored in the literature to date)-1(,)-305(a)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.007 Tw
[(social and conte)15(xtual approach to lear)-1(ning in CSL can)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(fur)Tj
1.09055 0 TD
-0.027 Tw
(ther illumina)Tj
4.78555 0 TD
(te the unique oppor)Tj
7.19198 0 TD
(tunities for learning)Tj
-13.06808 -1.15791 TD
0 Tw
(tha)Tj
1.1467 0 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(t)Tj
0.50285 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
0.025 Tw
(CSL in)Tj
2.69681 0 TD
0 Tw
(vites.)Tj
-3.44636 -1.15789 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.152 Tw
(In the cur)Tj
3.98408 0 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(ent paper)40(,)-387(one \(among se)25(v)15(er)-1(al\) of the)]TJ
-5.20184 -1.15791 TD
0.042 Tw
(means of e)Tj
4.2401 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.46009 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(alua)Tj
1.60553 0 TD
0.042 Tw
[(tion that we use to further the appli)-1(-)]TJ
-6.30572 -1.1579 TD
0.101 Tw
[(cation of the social appr)-1(oach to assessment in CSL)]TJ
T*
0.032 Tw
[(introduced here is a close and careful anal)-1(ysis of the)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.326 Tw
[(open-ended,)-561(written responses of colle)15(ge student)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.037 Tw
[(CSL participants. It is important to establish that )-1(such)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.047 Tw
[(an approach has a number of pr)-1(ecedents in the liter-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.024 Tw
[(ature \(e.g.,)-260(Cameron et al.,)-259(2001; Ik)10(eda,)-260(2000; Litk)10(e,)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.109 Tw
[(2002; )50(V)111(aldez,)-345(2001\). )55(Although some might dismiss)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.027 Tw
[(such data as \322purel)-1(y anecdotal,)70-262(we agree with these)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.063 Tw
(and other sc)Tj
4.77677 0 TD
0 Tw
(holar)Tj
1.97945 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.67166 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(tha)Tj
1.17679 0 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(t)Tj
0.56046 0 Td
(r)Tj
0.318 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ef)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
0.063 Tw
(lection pa)Tj
3.8279 0 TD
0 Tw
(per)Tj
1.23161 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.67172 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.063 Tw
(and jour)Tj
3.24736 0 TD
0 Tw
(nal)Tj
-19.20833 -1.15792 TD
-0.037 Tw
[(entries pro)15(vide v)24(alid and important e)25(vidence of learn-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(ing\321especiall)Tj
5.58064 -0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.86533 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.146 Tw
[(as it is embedded in social e)15(xperi-)]TJ
-6.44597 -1.15789 TD
0.162 Tw
[(ence. Indeed,)-397(emplo)10(ying thema)-1(tic a)1(nal)-1(ysis of such)]TJ
T*
0.178 Tw
[(rich and detailed data to study both the o)15(v)14(ert ele-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.145 Tw
[(ments of students\325)-306(e)15(xperiences and observ)25(ations as)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.072 Tw
[(stated in their o)25(wn w)9(ords,)-307(as well as the underlying)]TJ
T*
0.237 Tw
[(assumptions about or orientations to)24(w)10(ard identity)65(,)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.155 Tw
[(relationship,)-390(and community)65(,)-390(should be considered)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.025 Tw
(among the tec)Tj
5.4639 0.00001 TD
(hniques used to measur)Tj
9.10341 0 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(e)Tj
0.68866 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(lear)Tj
1.43849 0 TD
(ning.)Tj
-15.79446 -1.15792 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.055 Tw
[(Ne)15(xt,)-285(we identify a number of contrib)19(utions to the)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(liter)Tj
1.51012 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42385 0.00001 TD
-0.02 Tc
(tur)Tj
1.05061 0.00001 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(e)Tj
0.62435 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
-0.029 Tw
(on assessment in CSL that places interaction)Tj
-3.60893 -1.15792 TD
0.108 Tw
[(between and among indi)25(viduals as inte)14(gr)1(al to lear)-1(n-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(ing)Tj
1.21784 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.51778 0.00001 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.058 Tw
[(as we do here. Robert Coles,)-288(for instance,)-288(in his)]TJ
-1.73562 -1.15791 TD
0.175 Tw
[(important w)9(ork )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 126.8363 144.2207 Tm
0 g
-0.02 Tc
0.175 Tw
(The Call of Service)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 209.2751 144.2207 Tm
0 g
-0.02 Tc
[((1993),)-405(ar)17(gues)]TJ
-14.72751 -1.15789 TD
(tha)Tj
1.16169 0 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(t)Tj
0.48205 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
-0.006 Tw
[(moral char)-1(acter is de)25(v)15(eloped when students think)]TJ
-1.64374 -1.15791 TD
0.337 Tw
[(about themselv)15(es in relation to other)-1(s,)-567(and such)]TJ
T*
0.181 Tw
[(thoughts are enric)-1(hed by interacting with others in)]TJ
T*
0.016 Tw
[(CSL. )18(Thus,)-246(the pr)-1(ocess of social interaction opens up)]TJ
T*
0.284 Tw
[(opportunities for an indi)25(vidual\325)54(s de)25(v)15(elopment that)]TJ
0 Tc
(w)'
0.6922 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
0 Tw
(ouldn\325)Tj
2.4728 0 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(t)Tj
0.5857 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
0.098 Tw
(otherwise be e)Tj
5.67564 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(xplor)Tj
2.01061 0.00001 TD
(ed)Tj
0.90385 0.00001 TD
(.)Tj
0.55779 0 Td
0.098 Tw
(Coles sug)Tj
3.83453 0.00001 TD
(gests that)Tj
-16.7331 -1.1579 TD
0.171 Tw
[(considering those around us and our oblig)4(ations to)]TJ
22.5 63.68422 TD
0.102 Tw
[(them is essential in CSL,)-332(and in this paper)39(,)-332(we pro-)]TJ
0 -1.17119 TD
0.025 Tw
(pose a model for assessing this type of learning.)Tj
0.9 -1.17119 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.064 Tw
[(Marchel (2003),)-299(in an e)14(xploration of the de)25(v)15(elop-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.17119 TD
0 Tw
[(ment of altruism in association with CSL,)-235(sho)25(ws tha)-1(t)]TJ
T*
0.001 Tw
[(v)25(arying e)14(xpressions of and opportunities for altruism)]TJ
0 Tc
(c)'
0.42886 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.2 Tw
[(hange with changing conte)15(xts and social inter)-1(ac-)]TJ
-0.42886 -1.17118 TD
0.148 Tw
[(tions in the CSL e)15(xperience)-1(. She suggests that the)]TJ
0 -1.1712 TD
0.369 Tw
[(\322path to altruism\323)-605(is not necessarily linear and)]TJ
0 -1.17118 TD
0.027 Tw
[(unproblematic)-1(. Rather)40(,)-262(and similar to what we ar)17(gue)]TJ
0 -1.1712 TD
-0.003 Tw
[(in this paper)40(,)-233(she sho)25(ws that the issue is comple)15(x and)]TJ
0 -1.17119 TD
0.033 Tw
[(qualitati)24(v)15(e research methods re)25(v)15(eal that the de)25(v)14(elop-)]TJ
0 -1.1712 TD
0.23 Tw
[(ment of altruism is closely tied to the conte)14(xt in)]TJ
0 -1.17118 TD
0.025 Tw
[(which it is e)15(xperienced and measur)-1(ed.)]TJ
0.9 -1.1712 TD
0.335 Tw
[(In what is perhaps the closest par)-1(allel to the)]TJ
-0.9 -1.17119 TD
0.27 Tw
[(approach tak)10(en in the cur)-1(r)1(ent paper)39(,)-449(Ar)-1(tz (2001))]TJ
T*
0.084 Tw
[(adv)25(ances the importance of the concept of dialo)-1(gue)]TJ
0 -1.1712 TD
0.073 Tw
(between students and community members in CSL.)Tj
0 -1.17118 TD
0.024 Tw
(The dialogue that occurs between students and com-)Tj
0 Tc
(m)'
0.76283 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.027 Tw
(unity member)Tj
5.37442 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.58146 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(in CSL has the potential to be tr)Tj
12.06076 0 TD
0 Tw
(ans)Tj
1.28776 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06723 -1.1712 TD
(f)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.076 Tw
[(orma)-1(ti)25(v)15(e,)-256(Ar)-1(tz ar)18(gues,)-311(and can e)14(x)15(emplify practical,)]TJ
-0.31776 -1.17119 TD
0.126 Tw
[(ef)25(fecti)24(v)15(e approaches to taking on abstract issues of)]TJ
T*
0.019 Tw
(social justice)Tj
5.00171 0 TD
(.)Tj
0.43439 0 TD
[(Artz dra)15(ws in par)-1(t from pre)25(vious w)10(ork)]TJ
-5.4361 -1.1712 TD
0.075 Tw
[(in which the importance of praxis in uni)24(v)15(ersity cur-)]TJ
0 -1.17119 TD
0.197 Tw
[(ricula is presented \(Fre)15(y)65(,)-377(Artz,)-432(Pollack,)-432(& Pearce)-1(,)]TJ
0 -1.17118 TD
0.025 Tw
[(1996\). Fre)15(y and colleagues (1996) assert that )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 305 401.0132 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.221 Tw
[(kno)25(wledge al)9(w)10(ays is specif)20(ic,)-457(conte)15(xtual,)-457(and)]TJ
0 -1.19021 TD
-0.001 Tw
[(ine)15(xtrica)-1(bly embedded in the flux of e)15(xperience,)]TJ
T*
0.336 Tw
[(rather than eternal,)-571(uni)25(v)15(ersal,)-571(and necessary)65(.)]TJ
T*
0.06 Tw
[(That is,)-295(we come to our kno)25(wledg)-1(e about com-)]TJ
T*
0.162 Tw
[(munication via our e)15(xamination of particular)-1(s,)]TJ
0 -1.1902 TD
0.016 Tw
[(via an ef)25(fort to de)25(v)14(elop kno)25(wledge of ho)25(w com-)]TJ
0 -1.19021 TD
0 Tc
(m)Tj
0.76284 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(unica)Tj
2.09053 0 TD
0.155 Tw
(tion w)Tj
2.58319 0 TD
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.80276 0 TD
0.155 Tw
(ks in par)Tj
3.61909 0 TD
(ticular conte)Tj
4.91497 0 TD
0 Tw
(xts,)Tj
1.74711 0 TD
(situa)Tj
1.81343 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-18.33391 -1.19024 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.092 Tw
[(tions,)-327(and so forth,)-327(rather than through abstract)]TJ
0 -1.19021 TD
0.025 Tw
[(reflection,)-260(distanced h)5(ypothesis testing,)-260(etc. \(pp.)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(82-83\))Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 287 285.6943 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.007 Tw
[(W)80(e adopt a similar vie)25(w of learning occurring in par-)]TJ
0 -1.17118 TD
0.262 Tw
[(ticular social interactions,)-497(in communication with)]TJ
0 -1.1712 TD
0 Tw
(other)Tj
1.97945 0.00001 TD
(s. )Tj
-1.07945 -1.1712 TD
0.225 Tw
[(Finally)65(,)-461(it should be noted that,)-460(although man)15(y)]TJ
-0.9 -1.17119 TD
0.083 Tw
[(studies ha)20(v)15(e been conducted to assess the ef)24(f)1(ecti)24(v)15(e-)]TJ
T*
0.021 Tw
[(ness of CSL for colle)15(ge students,)-256(relati)25(v)14(ely fe)25(w ha)20(v)15(e)]TJ
0 -1.1712 TD
-0.025 Tw
[(researched the community members in)40(v)19(olv)15(ed in CSL)]TJ
0 -1.17118 TD
-0.014 Tw
[(\(Eyler)40(,)-222(Giles,)-221(Stenson,)-222(& Gray)65(,)-222(2001\). )30(When data are)]TJ
T*
0.047 Tw
[(dra)15(wn from community member)-1(s,)-282(the)15(y are typically)]TJ
0 -1.17119 TD
0 Tw
[(conf)20(ined to community member)-1<73D5>-161(assessments of the)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 287 168.5755 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(value)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 310.9172 168.5755 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.066 Tw
[(of the CSL initiati)24(v)15(e \(e.g.,)-301(Bringle & Kremer)39(,)]TJ
-2.39172 -1.17119 TD
0.057 Tw
(1993; Cohen & Kinse)Tj
8.62009 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(y)Tj
0.42006 0.00001 TD
(,)Tj
0.52699 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(1994; Dr)Tj
3.51951 0 TD
[(iscoll,)-292(et al.,)-292(1996\))]TJ
-13.08665 -1.17121 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
(a)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.048 Tw
(ther than pre- and post-CSL measures of the )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 471.0555 145.1517 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(actu)Tj
1.66168 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06723 -1.17119 TD
-0.004 Tc
0.364 Tw
(al impact)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
5 0 0 5 327.7716 136.8149 Tm
0 g
(3)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 336.3516 133.4399 Tm
0 g
-0.004 Tc
0.364 Tw
[(of the initiati)24(v)15(e on the community)65(.)]TJ
-4.93516 -1.17118 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.086 Tw
[(Admittedly)65(,)-321(community impact is dif)25(f)20(icult to e)14(xam-)]TJ
0 -1.17119 TD
0.062 Tw
(ine without comm)Tj
7.16133 0.00001 TD
(unity input into the measur)Tj
10.62032 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ement.)Tj
-17.78165 -1.17121 TD
0.123 Tw
[(When needs and goals are clear)39(,)-357(ho)25(we)25(v)15(er)39(,)-357(multiple)]TJ
0 -1.17119 TD
0.019 Tw
[(le)25(v)14(els of analysis can be emplo)10(yed\321as e)25(videnced in)]TJ
T*
0.207 Tw
[(our o)25(wn past research \(2003,)-442(2004,)-441(in)-1( press\) that)]TJ
0 -1.17118 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.41396 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.114 Tw
(xamines the impact of a pr)Tj
10.81388 0.00001 TD
(oject-based CSL initia)Tj
8.8394 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 46)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
47 0 obj
<<
/Length 15288
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(47)Tj
-41.9 65.8 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.027 Tw
[(ti)25(v)14(e on both the students in)40(v)20(olv)15(ed and the communi-)]TJ
0 -1.15053 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.26292 0.00001 TD
(y)Tj
0.71908 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.001 Tw
[(addressed \(and assess the rela)-1(tionship between the)]TJ
-0.982 -1.15054 TD
0.122 Tw
[(tw)10(o\). In the cur)-1(r)1(ent essay)64(,)-356(although data are dra)15(wn)]TJ
T*
0.057 Tw
[(primaril)-1(y from students in)40(v)20(olv)14(ed in CSL,)-291(those data)]TJ
0 -1.15053 TD
0.275 Tw
[(pertain to interactions with community member)-1(s,)]TJ
0 -1.15052 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.033 Tw
[(ather than measuring what changes occur)-1(r)1(ed within)]TJ
-0.31776 -1.15054 TD
0.025 Tw
[(the students themselv)15(es.)]TJ
0.9 -1.15054 TD
-0.025 Tc
-0.029 Tw
[(Looking ag)5(ain at the man)15(y concepts identif)19(ied in the)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15053 TD
0.123 Tw
[(CSL assessment literature\321)-10(impro)15(v)15(ed academic per-)]TJ
T*
0.176 Tw
[(formance,)-401(academic eng)5(agement,)-401(ci)24(vic eng)5(agement,)]TJ
T*
0.043 Tw
[(v)25(alues and moral character)39(,)-268(altruism,)-268(dialog,)-268(and con-)]TJ
0 -1.15054 TD
0.1 Tw
[(te)15(xt)-1-10(one can see that the attention to assessment of)]TJ
0 -1.15053 TD
-0.019 Tw
[(learning has focused primar)-1(ily on students. )90(Y)100(et,)-206(e)25(v)15(en if)]TJ
T*
0.018 Tw
[(we were inter)-1(ested primarily in the learning outcomes)]TJ
0 -1.15054 TD
0.033 Tw
[(associated with student participation in a CSL course)-1(,)]TJ
0 -1.15052 TD
0.164 Tw
[(as mentioned earlier)40(,)-390(it is imperati)25(v)15(e tha)-1(t we assess)]TJ
0 -1.15053 TD
0.117 Tw
(those outcomes in the conte)Tj
10.88702 0.00001 TD
(xts of their use. In other)Tj
-10.88702 -1.15054 TD
0.048 Tw
[(w)10(ords,)-274(in assessing outcomes we need to be refle)14(xi)25(v)15(e)]TJ
T*
0.052 Tw
[(about our actions,)-276(wher)-1(e refle)14(xi)25(vity is a kind of look-)]TJ
0 -1.15053 TD
0.002 Tw
[(ing back at the meaning gi)25(v)15(en to a particular action,)-227(to)]TJ
0 -1.15052 TD
0.334 Tw
[(assess its implications for future interactions. F)14(or)]TJ
0 -1.15053 TD
0.025 Tw
[(e)15(xample,)-250(if we wer)-1(e to assess commitment to service,)]TJ
T*
0.062 Tw
[(we should be)15(gin by looking at the stories of commit-)]TJ
T*
0.371 Tw
[(ment and change as the)15(y emer)17(ge in interactions)]TJ
T*
0.048 Tw
[(between and within the v)25(ar)-1(ious constituencies associ-)]TJ
0 -1.15052 TD
0.036 Tw
(ated with a CSL partnership. Here we might focus on)Tj
0 -1.15054 TD
0.09 Tw
[(the de)25(v)15(elopment of ne)25(w skills and abilities g)4(ained in)]TJ
0 -1.15053 TD
0.154 Tw
[(interaction in no)15(v)15(el situa)-1(tions\321)-10(or in accounting for)]TJ
T*
0.082 Tw
[(what one did in a particular interaction after the f)10(act.)]TJ
0 -1.15052 TD
-0.016 Tw
(This does not mean that we can )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 181.7272 365.3572 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(only)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 200.0383 365.3572 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
-0.016 Tw
(assess learning as)Tj
-13.80383 -1.15053 TD
0.015 Tw
[(it happens in con)40(v)15(er)-1(sation,)-241(b)20(ut that we can and should)]TJ
T*
0.279 Tw
(use inter)Tj
3.46866 0 TD
(action as the basis f)Tj
8.41946 0 TD
(or ho)Tj
2.21146 0 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(w)Tj
1.20042 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
(people mak)Tj
4.65615 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
-19.95615 -1.15054 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.063 Tw
[(meaning of their w)10(orld)-1(,)-288(and thus learn from it. In the)]TJ
0 -1.15053 TD
0 Tw
(cur)Tj
1.20163 0 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.30777 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.04 Tw
(ent pa)Tj
2.3051 0 TD
0 Tw
(per)Tj
1.16183 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.48955 0 TD
(w)Tj
0.69693 0 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(e)Tj
0.6833 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
(of)Tj
0.75797 0 TD
0.04 Tw
[(fer a conceptual frame)25(w)10(or)-1(k and a)]TJ
-7.60408 -1.15054 TD
0.058 Tw
[(means of assessment that vie)25(w learning as embedded)]TJ
0 -1.15053 TD
0.025 Tw
(in the conte)Tj
4.40022 0 TD
(xts of social inter)Tj
6.51419 0 TD
0 Tw
(action.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 97.0883 277.4635 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.59584 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(heory:)-205(Assessment in Conte)14(xt)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 258.7582 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.079 Tw
[(Assessing learning from a social approac)-1(h dif)25(fers)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15052 TD
0.074 Tw
[(from other assessment a)-1(pproaches in that our learn-)]TJ
0 -1.15053 TD
0.051 Tw
[(ing goals are based on concepts that situa)-1(te learning)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(as )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 73.2283 224.2424 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.085 Tw
(acting into)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 118.6813 224.2424 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.085 Tw
[(e)15(xperience \(De)25(we)15(y)65(,)-320(1922\) and )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 241.7451 224.2424 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(within)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 212.7372 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.109 Tw
(bounded social and cultur)Tj
10.25352 0.00001 TD
[(al relationships. )54(Although)]TJ
-10.25352 -1.15054 TD
0.175 Tw
(we will discuss the concepts in depth later in this)Tj
0 -1.15052 TD
0.275 Tw
[(paper)39(,)-510(it is important to note the w)10(ays the CSL)]TJ
T*
0.128 Tw
[(process e)15(x)14(emplif)20(ies the conte)15(xtual natur)-1(e o)1(f social,)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(cultur)Tj
2.24228 0.00001 TD
(al,)Tj
1.51137 0.00001 TD
0.35 Tw
(and ci)Tj
2.65033 0 TD
[(vic learning. )18(Thus,)-585(the goals for)]TJ
-6.40398 -1.15055 TD
0.107 Tw
(assessment could r)Tj
7.44151 0.00001 TD
(ange from acquisition and appli-)Tj
-7.44151 -1.15054 TD
0.25 Tw
[(cation of course conce)-1(pts to an understanding of)]TJ
0 -1.15052 TD
0.181 Tw
[(where and ho)25(w cultural a)-1(bilities,)-415(understanding of)]TJ
0 -1.15053 TD
0 Tw
(identities,)Tj
4.01078 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(and ci)Tj
2.32563 0.00001 TD
(vic a)Tj
1.86553 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(enc)Tj
1.32781 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.74482 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(occurs. )Tj
-9.8596 -1.1506 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.516 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(o)Tj
0.7681 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.048 Tw
(assess the la)Tj
4.78851 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tter)Tj
1.23249 0.00001 TD
0.048 Tw
[(,)-283(our frame)24(w)10(ork looks at learn-)]TJ
-8.2051 -1.1505 TD
-0.035 Tw
[(ing as a form of coordina)-1(ted social action \(Habermas,)]TJ
T*
0.26 Tw
[(1984; Pearce & Cronen,)-495(1980\). Our approach to)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(lear)Tj
1.4383 0 TD
0.046 Tw
(ning and assessment ma)Tj
9.44445 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.76592 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(be der)Tj
2.42667 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(i)Tj
0.23793 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(ed)Tj
1.1946 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(fr)Tj
0.63584 0.00001 TD
0.046 Tw
(om social)Tj
-16.6138 -1.1506 TD
0 Tw
(constr)Tj
2.3534 0 TD
-0.032 Tw
(uctionist \(e)Tj
4.25896 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(.g)Tj
0.72 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.4381 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Gof)Tj
1.48495 0.00001 TD
-0.032 Tw
[(fman,)-203(1959; Harr\216 & Secor)-1(d,)]TJ
13.24464 63.58416 TD
0.132 Tw
[(1972; Pearce & Cronen,)-367(1980; )29(W)40(ittgenstein,)-367(2001\))]TJ
0 -1.15516 TD
0.02 Tw
[(and pragmatist \(De)25(we)15(y)65(,)-256(1922; Habermas,)-255(1984\) phi-)]TJ
T*
0.096 Tw
[(losoph)5(y and scholarship. Central to this per)-1(specti)25(v)15(e)]TJ
0 -1.15515 TD
0.001 Tw
[(is De)25(we)15<79D5>55(s pr)-1(a)1(gma)-1(tic philosoph)5(y in which he asserts)]TJ
0 -1.15516 TD
0.09 Tw
[(that ideas about the self,)-325(cultur)-1(e)1(,)-325(education,)-326(etc. are)]TJ
0 -1.15515 TD
0.001 Tc
0.359 Tw
[(formed through communication. De)24(w)1(e)15(y (1922))]TJ
0 -1.15516 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.23 Tw
[(equates learning with e)15(xper)-1(ience,)-465(w)1(hic)-1(h can only)]TJ
0 -1.15517 TD
0.185 Tw
[(happen in and through social action. He w)9(orks to)]TJ
0 -1.15515 TD
0.041 Tw
(describe learning not in terms of ends)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
5 0 0 5 434.2769 609.9728 Tm
0 g
(4)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 436.7019 606.5978 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.041 Tw
[(,)-276(which impl)-1(y)]TJ
-14.97019 -1.15516 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(a)Tj
0.71268 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.049 Tw
[(start and stop to meaning,)-284(b)20(ut in ter)-1(ms of \322ends in)]TJ
-0.71268 -1.15515 TD
0.08 Tw
[(vie)25(w)65(.)70-315(In f)10(act,)-315(Cronen (1995) asserts tha)-1(t \322[e]nds in)]TJ
0 -1.15516 TD
0.034 Tw
[(vie)25(w are not pr)-1(ior to communication; rather the)15(y are)]TJ
T*
-0.013 Tw
[(constructed and reconstructed in communica)-1(tion\323)-222(\(p.)]TJ
0 -1.15515 TD
0.201 Tw
[(221\). Learning happens through e)15(xper)-1(iences com-)]TJ
0 -1.15517 TD
0.063 Tw
[(municating with others which are ongoing)-1(,)-298(situated,)]TJ
0 -1.15515 TD
0.147 Tw
[(and allo)25(w for adapta)-1(tion in ne)25(w social scenes. F)15(or)]TJ
T*
0.179 Tw
[(our purposes,)-414(this means that our notions of what)]TJ
0 -1.15517 TD
0.112 Tw
[(changes occur through CSL interv)15(ention as well as)]TJ
0 -1.15515 TD
0.125 Tw
[(ho)25(w to assess those changes should be seen not as)]TJ
0 -1.15516 TD
0.136 Tw
(outcomes tha)Tj
5.25967 0 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(t)Tj
0.63338 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(star)Tj
1.38352 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.63356 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.136 Tw
(and stop with a par)Tj
7.86647 0 TD
(ticular CSL)Tj
-15.7766 -1.15516 TD
0.054 Tw
[(project b)19(ut as processes through which e)25(v)25(aluation is)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(understood in the conte)15(xt of its interpr)-1(etation. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15515 TD
0.069 Tw
[(F)15(or the practitioner)40(,)-304(this approach means tha)-1(t dif-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15516 TD
0.005 Tc
0.489 Tw
[(ferent abilities,)-744(competencies,)-744(and constr)-1(aints)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.112 Tw
[(emer)18(ge as students and comm)-1(unity members mo)15(v)15(e)]TJ
0 -1.15515 TD
0.107 Tw
[(between ideas about their o)25(wn identity and a)-1(genc)15(y)65(,)]TJ
0 -1.15516 TD
0 Tw
(ne)Tj
0.89896 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(otia)Tj
1.43951 0 TD
0.315 Tw
(tion o)Tj
2.51586 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(er m)Tj
2.05953 0 TD
(utual meaning)Tj
5.81297 0 TD
[(,)-550(and the social)]TJ
-13.68194 -1.15517 TD
0 Tw
(str)Tj
0.95451 0 TD
0.3 Tw
[(uctures that def)19(ine similarities and dif)25(ferences.)]TJ
-0.95451 -1.15516 TD
0.038 Tw
[(Thus,)-272(assessment becomes an e)24(v)25(aluation of the abil-)]TJ
T*
0.284 Tw
[(ity to create and coor)-1(dinate ideas about identity)65(,)]TJ
0 -1.15515 TD
0.028 Tw
[(eng)5(agement,)-263(social/cultural roles,)-263(abilities and limits)]TJ
0 -1.15516 TD
0.018 Tw
[(on agenc)15(y)65(,)-253(and resistance. )55(Although it is concei)25(v)24(a)1(ble)]TJ
0 -1.15515 TD
-0.009 Tw
[(that this perspecti)24(v)15(e on assessment w)10(ould allo)25(w us to)]TJ
0 -1.15516 TD
0.141 Tw
(look g)Tj
2.57907 0 TD
0 Tw
(ener)Tj
1.66046 0 TD
(all)Tj
0.95451 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.86099 0 Td
(f)Tj
0.31801 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.141 Tw
(or meanings salient to member)Tj
12.45905 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.75002 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(of)Tj
-19.58211 -1.15518 TD
-0.036 Tw
(the comm)Tj
3.81529 0 TD
(unity in ter)Tj
4.13615 0 TD
(ms of the a)Tj
4.14234 0 TD
(bilities a)Tj
3.22988 0 TD
0 Tw
(bo)Tj
0.95511 0 TD
-0.036 Tw
[(v)15(e,)-199(we feel)]TJ
-16.27877 -1.15517 TD
0 Tw
(tha)Tj
1.17668 -0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.46298 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.035 Tw
[(it is useful and practical to construct a frame)24(w)10(ork)]TJ
-1.63966 -1.15516 TD
0.082 Tw
[(with a narro)25(wer focus on learning. In what f)-1(ollo)25(ws,)]TJ
0 -1.15515 TD
-0.011 Tw
[(we ha)20(v)15(e thus identif)19(ied four concepts that we feel ar)-1(e)]TJ
0 -1.15516 TD
0.07 Tw
[(particular to CSL courses that inc)-1(lude interaction in)]TJ
T*
0.235 Tw
(the comm)Tj
4.08592 0.00001 TD
(unity conte)Tj
4.52603 0.00001 TD
(xt as par)Tj
3.72166 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.73252 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(of the e)Tj
3.33288 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(xper)Tj
1.71661 0 TD
(ience.)Tj
-18.11562 -1.15518 TD
0.184 Tw
[(After each concept we ha)19(v)15(e included questions to)]TJ
0 -1.15516 TD
0.129 Tw
[(prompt ideas about and focus on wha)-1(t to measure.)]TJ
0 -1.15515 TD
-0.037 Tw
[(W)80(e label these questions indicators,)-199(although the)15(y are)]TJ
0 -1.15516 TD
0.169 Tw
[(not indicators in the sense of quantitati)24(v)15(e research)]TJ
T*
0.073 Tw
[(design b)20(ut a constellation of questions that g)-1(enerate)]TJ
0 -1.15514 TD
0 Tw
(comple)Tj
2.83847 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(x)Tj
0.93033 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.211 Tw
[(layers o)-1(f)1( )-1(m)1(e)-1(a)1(n)-1(ing about the concepts as)]TJ
-3.7688 -1.15517 TD
0 Tw
(the)Tj
1.16179 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.75063 0 Td
(r)Tj
0.31801 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ela)Tj
1.12053 0.00001 TD
0.031 Tw
(te to lear)Tj
3.40955 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ning)Tj
1.71784 0.00001 TD
(.)Tj
0.44594 0.00001 TD
0.031 Tw
(After these questions we pro-)Tj
-8.92429 -1.15519 TD
0.236 Tw
[(vide e)15(xamples from CSL courses with w)-1(hich we)]TJ
0 -1.15516 TD
0 Tw
(ha)Tj
0.89407 0 TD
0.045 Tw
[(v)15(e used this assessment. Included in the e)15(xamples)]TJ
-0.89407 -1.15517 TD
0.005 Tw
[(are the methods we ha)19(v)15(e used to g)5(ather data for each)]TJ
0 -1.15515 TD
0.025 Tw
(assessment concept. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 287 105.023 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Enga)10(ging Resistance)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 86.2715 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.375 Tw
[(Although the terms \322eng)5(a)-1(gement\323)-610(and \322r)-1(esis-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15516 TD
0.098 Tw
[(tance\323)-333(ar)-1(e generally understood in opposition,)-334(link-)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tw
(ing them together illustrates the connections between)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 346.6311 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Assessing Learning:)-250(A Social )18(Appr)45(oac)14(h)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 47)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
48 0 obj
<<
/Length 14966
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(48)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Cooks &)-250(Sharr)37(er)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.007 Tw
[(learning and resistance and pro)14(vides a basis to create)]TJ
0 -1.15267 TD
0.095 Tw
[(ne)25(w or dif)25(fer)-1(ent meanings for e)15(xperience. Learning)]TJ
0 -1.15266 TD
-0.021 Tw
(does not stop with resistance; rather resistance can be)Tj
0 -1.15267 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(a)Tj
0.81258 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.149 Tw
[(sign of eng)5(agement,)-384(of an application to conte)15(xt)]TJ
-0.81258 -1.15266 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42892 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.095 Tw
[(nd e)15(xperience that tests the usefulness of conce)-1(pts)]TJ
-0.42892 -1.15268 TD
-0.012 Tw
[(and theories. Eng)5(aging resistance implies an opening)]TJ
0 -1.15266 TD
0.028 Tw
[(up to alternati)24(v)15(e kno)25(wledges/epistemologies,)-264(e)15(xperi-)]TJ
T*
0.153 Tw
[(ences,)-388(and loca)-1(tions from which course content or)]TJ
0 -1.15267 TD
0.025 Tw
[(social e)15(xperience is understood)-1(.)]TJ
0.9 -1.15266 TD
0.307 Tw
[(Eng)5(aging resistance as part of assessment can)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15267 TD
-0.023 Tw
(occur both through analysis of the process \(the enact-)Tj
0 -1.15266 TD
0.116 Tw
[(ment and performance of resistance\) as w)-1(ell as the)]TJ
T*
0.007 Tw
(incorporation of resistance as part of program design)Tj
0 -1.15267 TD
0.052 Tw
[(and e)25(v)25(aluation \(seen as neither positi)24(v)15(e nor ne)15(g)5(ati)25(v)15(e)]TJ
0 -1.15266 TD
0.046 Tw
[(b)20(ut as part of the process of lear)-1(ning and gr)1(o)25(wth f)-1(or)]TJ
0 -1.15267 TD
-0.01 Tc
0.37 Tw
[(the program and participants\). If we vie)24(w and)]TJ
0 -1.15266 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.328 Tw
(respond to resistance for its potential as critical)Tj
0 -1.15267 TD
0.138 Tw
[(eng)5(agement,)-373(we tap into learning as social acti)24(vity)]TJ
0 -1.15266 TD
0.041 Tw
[(that does not necessaril)-1(y end if or when a student or)]TJ
0 -1.15267 TD
0.01 Tw
[(community member resists the course conce)-1(pt,)-245(theo-)]TJ
0 Tc
(r)'
0.31776 0 TD
(y)Tj
0.42006 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.69663 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.227 Tw
(or ser)Tj
2.38492 0 TD
[(vice-learning e)15(xperience)-1(. )30(While certainly)]TJ
-3.81937 -1.15267 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.114 Tw
(esistance can be used to co)Tj
10.89498 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(er a)Tj
1.52445 0 TD
[(path)5(y or a lac)-1(k of)]TJ
-13.2073 -1.15268 TD
0.01 Tw
[(preparation,)-245(its depth and salienc)14(y for those in)40(v)20(olv)15(ed)]TJ
0 -1.15266 TD
-0.004 Tw
[(can be important indicators of its usefulness. )17(The u)1(se)]TJ
T*
0.209 Tw
[(of this concept allo)25(ws us to e)25(v)24(aluate the )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 233.8674 423.3709 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(dif)18(fer)36(ent)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 411.8442 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.015 Tw
[(w)10(ork of lear)-1(ning in the conte)15(xt of CSL and its possi-)]TJ
0 -1.15266 TD
0.025 Tw
[(bilities for crea)-1(ting eng)5(aged citizens. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 388.7909 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Indica)Tj
2.46445 0 TD
(tor)Tj
1.11198 0 TD
(s:)Tj
1.10108 0 TD
(Ho)Tj
1.19192 0 TD
(w)Tj
1.06139 0 Td
0.174 Tw
[(do we measur)37(e the ways r)36(esis-)]TJ
-7.83082 -1.15267 TD
0.057 Tw
(tance is eng)Tj
4.70975 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.47523 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.47524 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ed?)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 135.3305 377.2643 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.59584 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.057 Tw
(he f)Tj
1.52343 0 TD
0 Tw
(ollo)Tj
1.47076 0 TD
0.057 Tw
(wing questions can help)Tj
-10.92308 -1.15268 TD
0.094 Tw
(to focus assessment on the enactment of resistance,)Tj
0 -1.15266 TD
0.025 Tw
(and its uses and consequences f)Tj
12.29382 0 TD
(or lear)Tj
2.50106 0 TD
0 Tw
(ning:)Tj
-13.71488 -1.51267 TD
0 Tc
0.25 Tw
[-910(Where does resistance emer)18(ge? Ho)24(w does)]TJ
1.26 -1.15267 TD
(r)Tj
0.33276 0 TD
0.09 Tw
[(esistance emer)18(ge? Is it resistance pr)-1(ompted)]TJ
-0.33276 -1.15267 TD
0.064 Tw
[(by e)15(xperiences or ideas that ar)-1(e \322outside the)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(bo)Tj
1 0 TD
<78D3>Tj
1.26066 0 TD
0.067 Tw
(and ther)Tj
3.31511 0 TD
0 Tw
(ef)Tj
0.77662 0 TD
(or)Tj
0.83276 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.76066 0 Td
0 Tc
0.067 Tw
[(don\325)18(t f)19(it the concepts? Is)]TJ
-7.94582 -1.15268 TD
(r)Tj
0.33276 0 TD
-0.011 Tw
[(esistance enacted through silence,)-239(dismissal,)]TJ
-0.33276 -1.15267 TD
0.241 Tw
(or a deter)Tj
4.25779 0 TD
(mination that academic concepts)Tj
-4.25779 -1.15266 TD
-0.036 Tw
[(ha)20(v)15(e no meaning or bear)-1(ing for those who are)]TJ
T*
0.23 Tw
(distanced based on background or cultural)Tj
0 -1.15267 TD
0 Tw
(identities? )Tj
-1.26 -1.51266 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.014 Tw
[-925(Assessment measures can look for moments or)]TJ
1.26 -1.15267 TD
0.045 Tw
[(episodes where resistance is met with fle)14(xibil-)]TJ
0 -1.15266 TD
0.174 Tw
(ity and openness to the possibilities f)Tj
15.23688 0.00001 TD
[(or ne)25(w)]TJ
-15.23688 -1.15267 TD
0.036 Tw
[(meanings to emer)18(ge. Ho)25(w/do students,)-271(f)10(aculty)]TJ
0 -1.15266 TD
0.031 Tw
[(instructors,)-267(and community members use clar-)]TJ
T*
-0.032 Tw
[(ifying questions to in)40(v)15(estig)4(a)1(te the r)-1(esistance? If)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(the)Tj
1.16179 0.00001 TD
(y)Tj
0.905 0 Td
(do,)Tj
1.62501 0.00001 TD
(ho)Tj
0.9451 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(w)Tj
1.12688 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.185 Tw
(do these con)Tj
5.14856 0.00001 TD
[(v)15(er)-1(sational mo)15(v)15(es)]TJ
-10.91234 -1.15269 TD
0.025 Tw
[(relate back to the goals for lear)-1(ning? )]TJ
-1.26 -1.51268 TD
0.015 Tw
[-925(Do students,)-250(f)10(aculty)65(,)-250(and community member)-1(s)]TJ
1.26 -1.15266 TD
0.151 Tw
[(push themselv)15(es to locate their opposition in)]TJ
0 Tc
(r)'
0.3178 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ela)Tj
1.1205 0 TD
0.033 Tw
(tion to the ser)Tj
5.34489 0.00001 TD
(vice and/or course? Does the)Tj
-6.7832 -1.1527 TD
0.083 Tw
[(interaction change as a result? )29(Where are sto-)]TJ
0 Tc
(r)'
0.3178 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.099 Tw
(ies a)Tj
1.828 0 TD
(bout r)Tj
2.36914 0.00001 TD
(esistance loca)Tj
5.41297 0.00001 TD
(ted in relation to the)Tj
-9.9279 -1.1527 TD
0.025 Tw
[(dominant narrati)25(v)15(es about lear)-1(ning? )]TJ
-1.26 -1.5127 TD
0 Tc
Tj
1.26 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.034 Tw
[(Are there w)9(ays of reconciling dif)25(ferent systems)]TJ
22.5 63.68386 TD
-0.03 Tw
[(of \322making sense\323)-205(of what is g)-1(oing on? Is there)]TJ
0 -1.15134 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(d)Tj
0.48491 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.225 Tw
(iscussion of the possibilities and limits for)Tj
-0.48491 -1.15135 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(genc)15(y in these situations?)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 661.8701 Tm
0 g
-0.011 Tc
0.366 Tw
[(Assessment e)20(xample)14(.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 387.0899 661.8701 Tm
0 g
-0.011 Tc
0.366 Tw
[(In a graduate-le)25(v)15(el CSL)]TJ
-10.00899 -1.15135 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.062 Tw
[(course taught by the f)19(irst author)40(,)-293(students w)10(ork)10(ed on)]TJ
0 -1.15134 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(a)Tj
0.98329 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
0.329 Tw
[(v)25(ar)-1(iety of research projects for local agencies.)]TJ
-0.98329 -1.15134 TD
0.009 Tw
[(Research questions for each agenc)14(y had been w)10(ork)10(ed)]TJ
T*
-0.006 Tw
[(out beforehand and the agenc)14(y representati)24(v)15(e came to)]TJ
0 -1.15136 TD
-0.032 Tw
[(the class to pro)15(vide inf)-1(ormation and a conte)15(xt for eac)-1(h)]TJ
0 -1.15134 TD
0.035 Tw
[(of their questions. One well re)15(g)5(ar)-1(ded and established)]TJ
T*
-0.017 Tw
[(local agenc)15(y f)-1(or f)10(amilies in transition w)10(anted students)]TJ
0 -1.15135 TD
0.049 Tw
[(to assess the parenting skills of their clientele to pr)-1(o-)]TJ
0 -1.15134 TD
-0.012 Tw
[(vide more ef)25(fecti)24(v)15(e in-house parenting programs. )18(The)]TJ
0 -1.15135 TD
-0.025 Tw
[(students in)40(v)19(olv)15(ed in the project w)10(or)-1(k)10(ed to get to kno)25(w)]TJ
0 -1.15134 TD
0.27 Tw
[(the parents and discuss what the)14(y felt were their)]TJ
0 -1.15135 TD
0.05 Tw
[(strengths and weaknesses as par)-1(ents,)-280(as well as what)]TJ
0 -1.15134 TD
0.082 Tw
[(informa)-1(tion or programs the)15(y w)10(ould lik)9(e the agenc)15(y)]TJ
T*
0.057 Tw
[(to pro)15(vide. )17(T)1(he graduate students found tha)-1(t the par-)]TJ
T*
-0.01 Tw
[(ents \(who wer)-1(e from a dif)25(ferent culture and class than)]TJ
0 -1.15135 TD
0.163 Tw
[(the majority of agenc)14(y w)10(ork)10(er)-1(s\) were not unhapp)9(y)]TJ
0 -1.15134 TD
0.063 Tw
[(with their parenting skills and resisted wha)-1(t the)15(y felt)]TJ
T*
0.135 Tw
[(w)10(as further intrusion into an alr)-1(eady uncomforta)-1(ble)]TJ
0 -1.15135 TD
0 Tw
(situa)Tj
1.78844 0 TD
(tion. )Tj
1.97124 0 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59084 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.053 Tw
(he conf)Tj
2.86409 0 TD
0 Tw
(igur)Tj
1.53061 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42385 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.053 Tw
[(tion of space \(with v)15(er)-1(y little)]TJ
-9.16907 -1.15136 TD
0.002 Tw
[(pri)25(v)25(ac)14(y\) in the house meant that f)10(amilies wer)-1(e on dis-)]TJ
0 -1.15134 TD
0.025 Tw
[(play for each other and the staf)24(f)1(. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15134 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.012 Tw
(he g)Tj
1.64625 0 TD
(raduate students initially resisted completing)Tj
-3.14209 -1.15136 TD
0.075 Tw
[(the project because the)15(y felt tha)-1(t it unf)10(airly tar)18(geted)]TJ
0 -1.15134 TD
0.195 Tw
[(cultural dif)25(fer)-1(ences as substandard and harmful to)]TJ
0 Tc
(c)'
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.02 Tw
[(hildren. )55(As well,)-215(the)14(y felt that the parents\325)-141(resistance)]TJ
-0.42885 -1.15135 TD
-0.021 Tw
(to programs which taught them parenting skills when)Tj
0 -1.15134 TD
-0.012 Tw
[(their primary concer)-1(n w)10(as self-suf)25(f)20(icienc)15(y \(and mo)15(v-)]TJ
T*
0.046 Tw
(ing out\) w)Tj
4.04191 0 TD
[(as justif)20(ied)-1(,)-280(and so the)15(y could not pro)14(vide)]TJ
-4.04191 -1.15134 TD
0.006 Tw
[(the data requested by the agenc)14(y)65(. )55(After their f)20(ir)-1(st vis-)]TJ
0 -1.15135 TD
0.096 Tw
(its with the f)Tj
5.09386 0 TD
(amilies and the staf)Tj
7.70895 0 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(f)Tj
0.64828 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.429 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.59346 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(the a)Tj
1.93624 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(enc)Tj
1.32781 0 TD
0 Tc
(y)Tj
0.42006 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.56567 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(the)Tj
-19.20833 -1.15137 TD
0.085 Tw
[(students ask)10(ed if the)14(y might do an alternati)25(v)15(e \(non-)]TJ
0 -1.15134 TD
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.43951 0 TD
0.119 Tw
[(unity-based\) assignment. Instead,)-354(the instruc-)]TJ
-2.43951 -1.15134 TD
0.099 Tw
[(tor \(f)20(ir)-1(st author\) proposed that the)15(y think crea)-1(ti)25(v)15(ely)]TJ
0 -1.15135 TD
0.039 Tw
[(about ho)25(w the)15(y might serv)15(e both the agenc)14(y and the)]TJ
0 -1.15134 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.024 Tw
[(lients\325)-137(needs by creating some a)14(w)10(areness of the \(dif-)]TJ
-0.42885 -1.15135 TD
0.146 Tw
[(fering\) stories about good par)-1(enting and their con-)]TJ
T*
0.023 Tw
[(nections both to the agenc)15<79D5>54(s and the parents\325)-184(stories)]TJ
0 -1.15134 TD
-0.033 Tw
[(of identity)65(. F)15(ar fr)-1(om a f)10(ailed project,)-202(the research pro-)]TJ
T*
0.05 Tw
(vided an oppor)Tj
5.88873 -0.00001 TD
[(tunity for the clients of the agenc)14(y to)]TJ
-5.88873 -1.15133 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.41396 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.023 Tw
[(xpress their frustrations to a third party)64(,)-211(for the grad-)]TJ
-0.41396 -1.15136 TD
0 Tw
(ua)Tj
0.91385 0.00001 TD
0.032 Tw
(te students to lear)Tj
6.83736 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(n)Tj
0.75225 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.429 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(bout the man)15(y e)15(xper)-1(iences of)]TJ
-8.93246 -1.15136 TD
0.149 Tw
[(disconnection in the social services system,)-385(and to)]TJ
0 -1.15134 TD
0.057 Tw
[(pro)15(vide the agenc)14(y with detailed feedback that indi-)]TJ
0 -1.15135 TD
0.212 Tw
[(cated the pre)25(v)25(alence of concer)-1(ns other than those)]TJ
0 -1.15134 TD
0 Tw
(the)Tj
1.16179 -0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.74483 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(had identif)20(ied. )]TJ
-1.00662 -1.15133 TD
0.123 Tw
(Through consistently remaining connected to the)Tj
-0.9 -1.15135 TD
-0.013 Tc
0 Tw
(sour)Tj
1.67041 0.00001 TD
0.373 Tw
[(ces of and reasons for resistance)-1(,)-610(both the)]TJ
-1.67041 -1.15136 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(esear)Tj
1.97823 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.7502 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(pr)Tj
0.80292 0.00001 TD
0.03 Tw
[(ocess and the report \(which w)9(as also pre-)]TJ
-4.27796 -1.15137 TD
0.069 Tw
[(sented to the umbrella agenc)14(y\) became catalysts for)]TJ
0 -1.15134 TD
0.001 Tw
[(change. Data for assessing the students\325)-163(and commu-)]TJ
T*
0.125 Tw
(nity member)Tj
5.04168 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
<73D5>Tj
0.9776 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.41396 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(xper)Tj
1.71661 0.00001 TD
0.125 Tw
(iences of the pr)Tj
6.27018 0.00001 TD
(oject w)Tj
2.93518 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.78865 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(col)Tj
1.17677 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06724 -1.1514 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.012 Tw
[(lected via audiotaped intervie)25(ws,)-224(r)1(esearch and ref)-1(lec-)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 48)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
49 0 obj
<<
/Length 15626
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(49)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 346.6311 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Assessing Learning:)-250(A Social )18(Appr)45(oac)14(h)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.15 Tw
[(tion journals,)-385(and diaries k)10(ept o)15(v)15(er a w)-1(eek period.)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.064 Tw
[(From this data,)-299(resistance w)10(as identif)20(ied as a social,)]TJ
T*
0.101 Tw
[(rather than an indi)25(vidually-based phenomenon. )18(The)]TJ
0 -1.15699 TD
0.039 Tw
[(resistance e)15(xpressed by the parents became an inter-)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.018 Tw
[(v)15(ention into the stories of who the)14(y were\321as clients)]TJ
0 -1.15699 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(a)Tj
0.4289 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.106 Tw
[(nd f)10(amilies\321whic)-1(h in turn impacted the students\325)]TJ
-0.4289 -1.157 TD
0.15 Tw
[(stories of who the)15(y w)-1(ere \(as \322good\323)-385(students\) and)]TJ
T*
0.35 Tw
[(what constituted \322good\323)-585(service in tha)-1(t conte)15(xt.)]TJ
0 -1.15699 TD
0.002 Tw
[(Learning here w)9(as not a matter simply of application)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.196 Tw
[(of course concepts to the placement,)-432(b)20(ut emer)18(ged)]TJ
T*
0.134 Tw
[(through the producti)25(v)14(e use of resistance. )18(This con-)]TJ
0 -1.15699 TD
0 Tw
[(ceptualization of r)-1(esistance as a tool for teaching and)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.223 Tw
[(learning o)25(wes muc)-1(h to the w)10(ork of P)15(aulo Friere.)]TJ
T*
0.089 Tw
[(Friere (1998) notes that \322critical r)-1(esistance\323)-324(in both)]TJ
T*
0.015 Tw
[(teaching and learning crea)-1(tes an attitude of openness)]TJ
T*
0.096 Tw
[(to)25(w)10(ar)-1(d the w)10(ord and the w)9(orld,)-331(\322a methodical mis-)]TJ
0 -1.15699 TD
0.003 Tw
[(trust that pr)-1(e)25(v)15(ents me from becoming absolutely cer-)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.229 Tw
(tain of being right...Openness to approaching and)Tj
0 -1.15699 TD
0.208 Tw
[(being approached,)-444(to questioning and being ques-)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.025 Tw
[(tioned,)-260(to agreeing and disagreeing\323)-260((p. 119).)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 463.7533 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Role and Rule Ne)40(gotiation)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 70 444.9834 Tm
0 g
-0.02 Tc
0.032 Tw
[(Roles may be e)15(xamined for their str)-1(uctural,)-262(formal)]TJ
-0.9 -1.157 TD
0.099 Tw
[(qualities \(e.g.,)-329(Gof)24(fman,)-329(1959,)-329(discusses roles as on)]TJ
T*
-0.022 Tw
[(stage v)15(er)-1(sus of)25(f stage perfor)-1(mances\) or for their ne)15(go-)]TJ
0 -1.15699 TD
0 Tw
(tia)Tj
0.93952 0 TD
0.273 Tw
(tion within enacted scenes \(e)Tj
12.06167 0 TD
0 Tw
(.g)Tj
0.71001 0 TD
(.,)Tj
0.96283 0 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.70192 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.273 Tw
(hen students)Tj
-15.37595 -1.15702 TD
0 Tw
(conf)Tj
1.67685 0 TD
(igur)Tj
1.53061 0 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(e)Tj
0.70367 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
0.05 Tw
(their r)Tj
2.32514 0 TD
(oles in r)Tj
3.14113 0 TD
0 Tw
(ela)Tj
1.10553 0 TD
0.05 Tw
[(tion to their o)25(wn and oth-)]TJ
-10.48293 -1.15701 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.73662 0 TD
<73D5>Tj
0.82198 0 TD
(inter)Tj
1.73229 0 TD
(pr)Tj
0.79277 0 TD
-0.016 Tw
[(etations of social rules f)-1(or acting in that sit-)]TJ
-4.08366 -1.157 TD
0 Tw
(ua)Tj
0.90385 0 TD
0.119 Tw
[(tion\). )55(A role emphasizes )-1(the relationship between)]TJ
-0.90385 -1.157 TD
0 Tw
(cer)Tj
1.16047 0 TD
0.049 Tw
[(tain rules and an indi)25(vidual \(as a r)-1(e)1(pr)-1(esentati)25(v)15(e of)]TJ
-1.16047 -1.157 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(a)Tj
0.72231 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
0.069 Tw
[(social group\). Rules can be associated with a cate)-1(-)]TJ
-0.72231 -1.157 TD
0.074 Tw
[(gory of indi)25(viduals accor)-1(ding to their social position)]TJ
T*
0.317 Tw
(or function \(e)Tj
5.79523 0 TD
0 Tw
(.g)Tj
0.71 0 TD
(.,)Tj
1.00678 0 TD
(manner)Tj
2.87831 0 TD
(s,)Tj
1.14569 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42385 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
(ttir)Tj
1.08627 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.42386 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.77677 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.317 Tw
(and v)Tj
2.39085 0 TD
0 Tw
[(ocab)20(ular)-1(y)]TJ
-16.63761 -1.15702 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42385 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
(ppr)Tj
1.27277 0 TD
(opr)Tj
1.27278 0 TD
(ia)Tj
0.68168 0 TD
0.105 Tw
(te to one\325)Tj
3.73056 0 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(s)Tj
0.70342 0 Td
(c)Tj
0.42402 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
[(lass or v)20(oca)-1(tion\) and form the)]TJ
-8.50908 -1.15702 TD
0.161 Tw
(basis of a social r)Tj
7.20376 0 TD
0 Tw
(ole)Tj
1.16169 0 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(.)Tj
0.62047 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
0.161 Tw
(Rule f)Tj
2.51226 0 TD
0 Tw
(ollo)Tj
1.45078 0 TD
(wing)Tj
1.91977 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.62064 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.161 Tw
(according to)Tj
-15.48937 -1.15701 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.88406 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.016 Tw
[(ittgenstein (2001),)-246(requires kno)25(wledg)-1(e of the rule\325)55(s)]TJ
-0.88406 -1.157 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.40896 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.003 Tw
[(xistence and content. Rules tell us ho)25(w to \322g)-1(o on\323)-233(in)]TJ
-0.40896 -1.15701 TD
0 Tw
(con)Tj
1.34406 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.46511 0.00001 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.048 Tw
[(ersa)-1(tion; ho)25(w to respond to one another in w)10(ays)]TJ
-1.80917 -1.157 TD
0.142 Tw
[(that are coher)-1(ent. )1(Most often w)-1(hen we enter into a)]TJ
T*
0.084 Tw
[(community or cultural setting that dif)24(fers from what)]TJ
T*
0.065 Tw
[(we are accustomed to,)-295(we learn about ne)25(w rules and)]TJ
0 -1.15699 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31277 0.00001 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.17 Tw
(oles thr)Tj
2.98154 0 TD
(ough our viola)Tj
5.89298 0 TD
(tion of e)Tj
3.47806 0 TD
0 Tw
(xpecta)Tj
2.4894 0 TD
0.17 Tw
(tions f)Tj
2.55769 0.00001 TD
(or pa)Tj
2.09695 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(t-)Tj
-19.80939 -1.15705 TD
0.025 Tw
[(terns of communica)-1(tion and social practices. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15699 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.029 Tw
(Assessing r)Tj
4.44606 0.00001 TD
(oles and r)Tj
3.79525 0.00001 TD
(ules as the)Tj
4.04319 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.74876 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.74687 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.69281 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(ne)Tj
0.89902 0.00001 TD
0.029 Tw
(gotiated in)Tj
-16.27196 -1.15703 TD
0.05 Tw
[(con)40(v)15(er)-1(sation pro)15(vide the basis for understanding the)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4601 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
-0.019 Tw
(ious str)Tj
2.77724 0 TD
0 Tw
(uctur)Tj
1.97945 0 TD
-0.019 Tw
(es tha)Tj
2.19542 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.47881 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(our society and culture impose)Tj
-8.63763 -1.15702 TD
-0.034 Tw
[(as well as the w)10(ays we connect to and use these struc)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
-0.003 Tw
[(tures in perfor)-1(mance as students and citizens \(among)]TJ
0 -1.15699 TD
0.02 Tw
(other r)Tj
2.552 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(oles,)Tj
2.04039 0.00001 TD
0.02 Tw
(of course\). Roles and rules are not mere-)Tj
-4.59239 -1.15702 TD
-0.026 Tw
[(ly instrumental for achie)25(ving desir)-1(ed goals,)-209(b)20(ut rather)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.73255 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.069 Tw
(both cr)Tj
2.76821 0.00001 TD
[(eati)24(v)15(e and reflecti)24(v)15(e of speaking and act-)]TJ
-4.2474 -1.157 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ing \(Habermas,)-260(1984\). )]TJ
0.9 -1.157 TD
0.116 Tw
[(An understanding of the ne)15(gotiation of r)-1(oles and)]TJ
-0.9 -1.157 TD
-0.007 Tw
(rules in a CSL project is central to assessment from a)Tj
T*
0.252 Tw
[(social perspecti)25(v)15(e because it pr)-1(o)15(vides us with an)]TJ
T*
-0.004 Tw
[(understanding of ho)25(w instructor)-1(s,)-230(students,)-231(and com-)]TJ
22.5 63.68357 TD
0.319 Tw
[(munity members communicate and ne)15(gotia)-1(te the)]TJ
0 -1.16763 TD
0.09 Tw
[(bases of their social kno)25(wledge. Learning occurs in)]TJ
0 -1.16762 TD
-0.03 Tw
[(the taking on of a role \(as children learn to ste)-1(p in and)]TJ
T*
0.202 Tw
[(out of a \322self\323)-437(in play\) as well as in the g)4(aps in)]TJ
-0.0151 Tc
(b)'
0.48487 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.17 Tw
[(etween e)15(xpecta)-1(tions and)1( )-1(e)1(nactment. In CSL,)-405(role)]TJ
-0.48487 -1.16763 TD
0.366 Tw
[(and rule ne)15(gotiation is par)-1(ticularly important in)]TJ
0 -1.16762 TD
0.008 Tw
[(b)20(uilding a repertoir)-1(e for acti)25(vism as well as in break-)]TJ
0 -1.16763 TD
0.106 Tw
[(ing do)25(wn stereotypes and biases that link r)-1(oles an)1(d)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(rules to certain social scenes. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 295 594.9244 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.037 Tw
[(Indicator)10(s:)-198(How do we measur)36(e the ways rules and)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16762 TD
0.116 Tw
[(r)45(oles ar)37(e ne)39(gotiated in CSL?)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 404.0995 583.2482 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.116 Tw
(The status of a social)Tj
-11.80995 -1.16763 TD
0 Tw
[(role is assigned to the repetiti)25(v)15(e and re)15(gular elements)]TJ
T*
0.173 Tw
[(present in the interactions. Rules struct)-1(ure a gi)25(v)15(en)]TJ
T*
0.029 Tw
[(episode,)-264(and although those structures are often tacit)]TJ
0 -1.16762 TD
0.154 Tw
[(the)15(y can be identif)19(ied through the smoothness and)]TJ
T*
-0.024 Tw
[(flo)25(w or a con)40(v)15(er)-1(sation or the assumption of violation. )]TJ
1.08 -1.52763 TD
0.005 Tc
0.385 Tw
[-905(Ho)25(w is status reco)-1(gnized in interactions)]TJ
1.26 -1.16763 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.13 Tw
[(between students eng)5(aging in CSL and com-)]TJ
0 -1.16762 TD
0.025 Tw
(munity members or among students? )Tj
-1.26 -1.52762 TD
0 Tc
Tj
1.26 0 TD
0.005 Tc
0.463 Tw
[(Is status assumed,)-719(ne)15(gotiated,)-719(deflected,)]TJ
0 -1.16763 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(opposed)Tj
3.22777 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(,)-260(or denied? )]TJ
-4.48777 -1.52763 TD
0 Tc
Tj
1.26 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Ho)Tj
1.16702 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(w)Tj
1.23979 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.298 Tw
(do students and comm)Tj
9.56455 0 TD
(unity member)Tj
5.69972 0 TD
0 Tc
(s)Tj
-17.67108 -1.16763 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.018 Tw
[(w)10(ork out wha)-1(t is oblig)5(atory)65(,)-218(prohibited,)-217(or pos-)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(sible to say or do in interaction? )Tj
-1.26 -1.52762 TD
0 Tc
0.12 Tw
[-910(Do students and community members w)10(or)-1(k)]TJ
1.26 -1.16762 TD
0.03 Tw
[(to adjust or change their perfor)-1(mances based)]TJ
T*
0.109 Tw
[(on a desire to balance po)25(wer in the interac)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(tion? )Tj
2.24793 0 TD
0.053 Tw
[(Are r)-1(ules and roles adjusted in interac-)]TJ
-2.24793 -1.16762 TD
0.09 Tw
[(tion based on ne)25(w possibilities? )55(Assessment)]TJ
T*
0.085 Tw
(should look f)Tj
5.4483 0 TD
(or recurrent patterns and adap-)Tj
-5.4483 -1.16762 TD
0 Tw
(ta)Tj
0.72168 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(tion to these pa)Tj
6.15679 0 TD
0 Tw
(tterns. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 295 320.0478 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.099 Tw
[(Assessment e)20(xample)14(.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 379.986 320.0478 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.099 Tw
(In a CSL project associated)Tj
-9.3986 -1.16762 TD
0.149 Tw
(with a cour)Tj
4.63065 0 TD
(se on inter)Tj
4.29763 0 TD
0 Tw
(cultur)Tj
2.24228 0 TD
0.149 Tw
(al comm)Tj
3.51499 0 TD
0 Tw
(unica)Tj
2.09053 0 TD
[(tion,)-384(col-)]TJ
-16.77608 -1.16764 TD
(le)Tj
0.67679 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.68685 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.023 Tw
(students w)Tj
4.12229 0 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.68686 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.023 Tw
(assigned to )Tj
4.58721 0 TD
0 Tw
(\322mentor\323)Tj
3.85799 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(t-r)Tj
0.89836 0 TD
0.023 Tw
(isk mid-)Tj
-17.17682 -1.16764 TD
0.202 Tw
(dle sc)Tj
2.41612 0 TD
(hool students. Data for assessment purposes)Tj
-2.41612 -1.16763 TD
0.026 Tw
[(w)10(as g)5(athered thr)-1(ough journal writing,)-261(posting on the)]TJ
0 -1.16762 TD
[(class )30(W)80(eb log,)-261(and intervie)24(ws and focus groups con-)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(ducted a)Tj
3.26438 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.5228 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(the end of the semester)Tj
8.9179 0 TD
(.)Tj
-11.3796 -1.16763 TD
0.19 Tw
(Initial inter)Tj
4.46569 0 TD
(actions betw)Tj
5.03637 0 TD
(een mentor and mentee)Tj
-10.82754 -1.16763 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.70692 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74662 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.64916 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.015 Tw
[(dif)25(f)20(icult as each tried to f)19(igure out whether such)]TJ
-2.1027 -1.16763 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(a)Tj
0.95065 0 Td
(r)Tj
0.31801 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ela)Tj
1.12053 0.00001 TD
0.287 Tw
(tionship should be f)Tj
8.47692 0.00001 TD
[(ormal and authorita)-1(ti)25(v)15(e)]TJ
-10.86611 -1.16764 TD
0 Tw
(\(e)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
(.g)Tj
0.72 0 TD
(.,)Tj
0.71363 0 TD
0.009 Tw
[(where rules are based on the appr)-1(opriate enact-)]TJ
-2.18024 -1.16764 TD
0.161 Tw
(ment of teac)Tj
5.08288 0 TD
(her and student\),)Tj
7.15349 0 TD
(or as fr)Tj
3.03228 0.00001 TD
(iends \(where)Tj
-15.26865 -1.16764 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.075 Tw
(ules ar)Tj
2.6069 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.73856 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(based on the c)Tj
5.70619 0.00001 TD
(hoices of eac)Tj
5.17314 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.79449 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(to interact as)Tj
-15.33704 -1.16764 TD
0 Tw
(equals\). )Tj
3.25513 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.92885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.033 Tw
(hile f)Tj
2.02498 0.00001 TD
(or se)Tj
1.84833 0.00001 TD
[(v)15(er)-1(al of the colle)15(ge students the)]TJ
-8.05729 -1.16765 TD
0.103 Tw
[(assumed role w)10(as tha)-1(t of \322friend,)70-338(the younger stu-)]TJ
0 -1.16762 TD
0.107 Tw
[(dents assumed that the colle)15(ge student w)9(ould enact)]TJ
T*
0.108 Tw
[(the appropria)-1(te \322role model\323)-343(of the mor)-1(e educated,)]TJ
T*
0.079 Tw
[(wiser adult. )55(As each acted on the assumed rules f)-1(or)]TJ
T*
0.331 Tw
[(their role,)-566(\322mentor)-1(ing\323)-566(e)15(xisted not in their o)25(wn)]TJ
T*
0.096 Tw
[(e)15(xpectations or assumptions b)20(ut in the coordina)-1(tion)]TJ
T*
0.321 Tw
[(that de)25(v)15(eloped in the pr)-1(ocess of ne)15(gotiating the)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(meanings that each held for wha)-1(t )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 417.4917 74.8474 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(should)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 445.8592 74.8474 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(occur)55(. )]TJ
-15.08592 -1.16762 TD
0.002 Tw
[(In one e)15(xample of this ne)15(gotia)-1(tion,)-236(an under)17(gr)1(adu)-1(-)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 49)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
50 0 obj
<<
/Length 15367
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(50)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Cooks &)-250(Sharr)37(er)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.079 Tw
(ate mentor decided to ask his younger mentee what)Tj
0 -1.15035 TD
0.011 Tw
[(he w)10(as hoping w)9(ould happen in the after)20(-school pro-)]TJ
0 -1.15034 TD
0.044 Tw
[(gram. )18(The youngster said that he had hoped to learn)]TJ
0 -1.15035 TD
0.109 Tw
[(more about his o)24(wn Puerto Rican history)65(,)-343(a history)]TJ
0 -1.15034 TD
-0.03 Tw
[(that w)9(as not part of his school\325)55(s curriculum. Since the)]TJ
0 -1.15035 TD
0.066 Tw
[(mentor himself w)10(as Puert)-1(o Rican,)-300(and kne)25(w a great)]TJ
0 -1.15034 TD
0.042 Tw
[(deal about the island culture as well as some histor)-1(y)]TJ
0 -1.15035 TD
-0.002 Tw
[(about the local Puerto Rican community)65(,)-233(he immedi-)]TJ
0 -1.15034 TD
0.08 Tw
[(ately felt more conf)19(ident and e)15(xcited about what he)]TJ
0 -1.15035 TD
0.176 Tw
[(might of)25(fer in this particular role. )17(T)1(ha)-1(t session he)]TJ
0 -1.15034 TD
0.084 Tw
[(taught the child ho)25(w to dra)15(w the Puerto Rican f)-1(lag.)]TJ
0 -1.15035 TD
0.289 Tw
[(Learning to recogniz)-1(e dif)25(ferences in assumptions)]TJ
0 -1.15034 TD
0.01 Tw
[(about roles,)-245(to stri)25(v)14(e for fle)15(xibility in adjusting to the)]TJ
0 -1.15035 TD
0.064 Tw
(demands of the situation and of the other to accom-)Tj
0 -1.15034 TD
0.074 Tw
[(plish relational and project g)-1(oals is important to the)]TJ
0 -1.15035 TD
0.025 Tw
[(CSL process and,)-260(thus,)-260(to assessment. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 511.0975 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(T)92(erms for Identity and Pr)14(actice)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 492.3939 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.082 Tw
(Assessments of learning about oneself and others)Tj
-0.9 -1.15034 TD
0.017 Tw
[(typically rel)-1(y on self-reflection. )30(When self-ref)-1(lection)]TJ
0 -1.15035 TD
-0.031 Tw
[(occurs,)-204(ho)25(we)25(v)15(er)39(,)-204(identities are vie)24(wed,)-204(in this case,)-204(as)]TJ
0 -1.15034 TD
0.232 Tw
[(fully for)-1(med,)-467(autonomous indi)25(viduals,)-468(and people)]TJ
0 -1.15035 TD
0.343 Tw
[(e)15(xist and understand themselv)15(es apar)-1(t from one)]TJ
0 -1.15034 TD
0.168 Tw
(another and from the interaction that has occurred)Tj
0 -1.15035 TD
0.332 Tw
(with other)Tj
4.26447 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.94128 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(\(this line of thought o)Tj
9.62519 0 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.70693 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(es much to)Tj
-15.53787 -1.15035 TD
0 Tw
(Descartes\). )Tj
0.9 -1.15035 TD
0.038 Tw
(In contr)Tj
3.05554 0 TD
0 Tw
(ast,)Tj
1.57392 0 TD
0.038 Tw
(our a)Tj
1.98995 0 TD
[(pproach vie)25(ws identities as ne)24(v)15(er)]TJ
-7.51941 -1.15035 TD
-0.006 Tw
[(fully for)-1(med apart from interaction. )18(T)70(er)-1(ms for identi-)]TJ
T*
0.03 Tw
(ties c)Tj
2.02264 0 TD
0 Tw
(hang)Tj
1.88385 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.69421 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.03 Tw
[(and shift in v)25(ar)-1(ious social scenes; stories)]TJ
-4.6007 -1.15035 TD
-0.021 Tw
[(told of the self are altered and influenced by the audi)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.298 Tw
(ence f)Tj
2.62265 0 TD
(or suc)Tj
2.62387 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
1.01809 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(performances \(f)-1(or similar lines of)]TJ
-6.26461 -1.15035 TD
0.175 Tw
(thought see Bur)Tj
6.45773 0 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.27797 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.64535 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(1995; Ger)Tj
4.0489 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(en & Ger)Tj
3.93309 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
[(en,)-410(2003\).)]TJ
-16.33304 -1.15037 TD
(Stor)Tj
1.60651 0 TD
0.001 Tw
(ies a)Tj
1.73074 0 TD
[(bout identity are also related to stor)-1(ies about)]TJ
-3.33725 -1.15035 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ela)Tj
1.12053 0 TD
0.023 Tw
(tionships to other)Tj
6.71915 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.6315 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(\(P)Tj
0.85886 0 TD
(ear)Tj
1.17546 0 TD
0.023 Tw
(ce & Cr)Tj
3.10582 0 TD
[(onen,)-258(1980\). F)15(or)]TJ
-13.92908 -1.15037 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.41396 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.157 Tw
[(xample,)-392(a community member may feel that s/he)]TJ
-0.41396 -1.15034 TD
0.114 Tw
(cannot complain dir)Tj
7.94062 0 TD
0 Tw
(ectl)Tj
1.38336 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.834 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.429 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.114 Tw
(bout the ser)Tj
4.71334 0 TD
(vices of)Tj
3.10646 0 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ered)Tj
-18.72454 -1.15036 TD
0 Tc
(b)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
1.08133 0 Td
(a)Tj
1.02533 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.362 Tw
[(particular agenc)14(y to the agenc)15(y personnel)]TJ
-2.59166 -1.15036 TD
0.075 Tw
(because s/he must be a good client \(often described)Tj
0 -1.15034 TD
0.067 Tw
[(as \322playing the g)5(ame\323\) to r)-1(ecei)25(v)15(e services. )90(Y)99(et,)-302(s/he)]TJ
0 -1.15035 TD
0.155 Tw
[(may \322v)14(ent\323)-389(and/or of)25(fer solutions to CSL students)]TJ
0 -1.15034 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.69716 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.021 Tw
[(orking in the agenc)14(y to establish her/his identity as)]TJ
-0.69716 -1.15036 TD
0.163 Tw
(\322outside of)Tj
4.41259 0 TD
0 Tc
Tj
0.8264 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(or distanced fr)Tj
5.87452 0 TD
(om the )Tj
3.21962 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
Tj
0.90896 0.00001 TD
(ame\323)Tj
2.44693 0.00001 TD
0.163 Tw
(and its)Tj
-17.68902 -1.15037 TD
0.226 Tw
[(established rules. )17(T)1(hus,)-461(identities shift along with)]TJ
0 -1.15035 TD
0.126 Tw
[(dif)25(ferent pr)-1(actices in which the indi)25(vidual eng)5(ages.)]TJ
0 -1.15034 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.194 Tw
[(hat is,)-429(thoughts a)-1(bout who we are and what we)]TJ
-0.59584 -1.15036 TD
0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(do\321w)Tj
2.74191 0 TD
0.644 Tw
(hile seemingl)Tj
6.06835 0.00001 TD
0.0049 Tc
(y)Tj
1.40357 0 Td
0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(per)Tj
1.29179 0.00001 TD
(manent\321ar)Tj
4.76495 0.00001 TD
0.0048 Tc
(e)Tj
1.34745 0 Td
0.005 Tc
(al)Tj
0.72207 0.00001 TD
[(w)10(ays)]TJ
-18.34009 -1.15037 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.256 Tw
[(changing and in flux. Dra)15(wing attention to these)]TJ
0 -1.15035 TD
0.278 Tw
[(processes as learning brings to the surf)9(ace those)]TJ
0 -1.15034 TD
0 Tw
(acti)Tj
1.35846 0 TD
0.093 Tw
[(vities that help moti)25(v)25(ate students to)25(w)9(ard change)]TJ
-1.35846 -1.15036 TD
0.025 Tw
(on an indi)Tj
3.87462 0.00001 TD
(vidual and collecti)Tj
7.12634 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(e)Tj
0.68869 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(le)Tj
0.66694 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(el.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 124.2837 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Indica)Tj
2.46445 0 TD
(tor)Tj
1.11198 0 TD
(s:)Tj
0.96713 0.00001 TD
(Ho)Tj
1.19192 0.00001 TD
(w)Tj
0.92743 0 Td
0.04 Tw
(do w)Tj
1.89745 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.70428 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(measur)Tj
2.81675 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.70424 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.04 Tw
(shifting terms for)Tj
-13.6856 -1.1504 TD
0.025 Tw
[(identity and pr)15(actice? )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 101.2767 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.025 Tw
(Assessment can be based in descr)Tj
12.86224 0.00001 TD
(iptions of oneself)Tj
-13.7622 -1.1504 TD
0.001 Tw
(and other)Tj
3.614 0 TD
0 Tw
(s,)Tj
0.8446 0 TD
0.001 Tw
(as w)Tj
1.74534 0.00001 TD
(ell as e)Tj
2.64255 0.00001 TD
[(xpectations for one\325)55(s o)24(wn and)]TJ
-8.8464 -1.1504 TD
0 Tw
(other)Tj
1.9795 0 TD
<73D5>Tj
0.8777 0 TD
(beha)Tj
1.8079 0 TD
(vior)Tj
1.49566 0.00001 TD
(.)Tj
-5.0807 -1.5104 TD
-0.001 Tw
[-925(Ho)25(w is/not identity link)9(ed with specif)20(ic beha)20(v-)]TJ
23.76 63.6844 TD
0.173 Tw
[(iors? Here,)-408(assessors can look for contradic-)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
0.185 Tw
[(tions between reported or e)15(xpected pr)-1(actices)]TJ
T*
-0.012 Tc
0.372 Tw
(and identities and those enacted in social)Tj
-0.0151 Tc
(s)'
0.37388 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.272 Tw
[(cenes \(e.g.,)-507(as video recorded in the CSL)]TJ
-0.37388 -1.16602 TD
0.025 Tw
(classroom or at CSL sites\).)Tj
-1.26 -1.526 TD
-0.03 Tw
[-925(What are the ef)25(fects of a story about identity on)]TJ
1.26 -1.16602 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(a)Tj
0.64567 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.018 Tw
[(pattern of interaction and vice v)14(ersa? Ho)25(w do)]TJ
-0.64567 -1.16601 TD
0.162 Tw
[(stories about identity af)24(f)1(ect rela)-1(tionships and)]TJ
0 -1.16602 TD
-0.007 Tw
[(vice v)15(er)-1(sa? )55(Assessing these stories allo)25(ws us to)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
0.264 Tw
[(rearrange and mak)10(e for)-1(eign what otherwise)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0.235 Tw
[(might go unnoticed,)-470(or seem lik)10(e common-)]TJ
0 -1.16602 TD
0.084 Tw
[(sense so that we might recogniz)-1(e the force of)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0.177 Tw
[(our stories to change our identities,)-412(relation)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.16602 TD
0.045 Tw
[(ships,)-280(or)17(g)5(anizations,)-280(and w)10(ays of acting in the)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0 Tw
[(w)10(orld)-1(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 517.909 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.072 Tw
[(Assessment e)20(xample)14(.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 380.4459 517.909 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.072 Tw
(In an introductory graduate-)Tj
-9.34459 -1.166 TD
0.134 Tw
[(le)25(v)14(el CSL course on methods,)-369(se)25(v)15(er)-1(al international)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
0.124 Tw
[(graduate students were in the United States f)-1(or the)]TJ
0 -1.16602 TD
0.108 Tw
[(f)20(irst time)-1(. Non-nati)25(v)15(e English speak)10(er)-1(s were paired)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
0.158 Tw
[(with U.S. nati)24(v)15(e speak)10(er)-1(s on projects dealing with)]TJ
T*
0.322 Tw
(homelessness and people in transitional housing.)Tj
0 -1.166 TD
0.229 Tw
[(Students tape recorded their inter)-1(actions and k)10(ept)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(esear)Tj
1.97823 0 TD
0.077 Tw
[(ch journals for the f)20(inal r)-1(e)1(por)-1(t to the agencies)]TJ
-2.29599 -1.16602 TD
0.118 Tw
(and per)Tj
2.98395 0 TD
(sonal jour)Tj
3.93968 0 TD
(nals f)Tj
2.22185 0 TD
(or their r)Tj
3.58477 0 TD
[(eflections on lear)-1(n-)]TJ
-12.73025 -1.16602 TD
0.117 Tw
(ing; all w)Tj
3.86101 0 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.78077 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.117 Tw
(used f)Tj
2.4425 0 TD
(or the assessment pur)Tj
8.61595 0 TD
(poses dis)Tj
3.62038 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06723 -1.16602 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.262 Tw
[(cussed here. F)15(or the students,)-497(se)24(v)15(eral remar)-1(kable)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0.195 Tw
(interactions occurred between the members of the)Tj
0 -1.16601 TD
0.287 Tw
[(team as their pre)25(viously constructed identities as)]TJ
T*
0.157 Tw
[(nati)24(v)15(e or non-nati)25(v)15(e speak)9(ers wer)-1(e transformed by)]TJ
T*
0.156 Tw
[(the agenc)15(y clients as cultur)-1(al insiders or outsiders.)]TJ
0 Tc
(T)'
0.59584 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.197 Tw
[(hat is,)-432(some of the clients of the agenc)15(y rela)-1(ted)]TJ
-0.59584 -1.166 TD
0.051 Tw
[(strongly to the interna)-1(tional students as cultural out-)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
0 Tw
(sider)Tj
1.86836 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.75036 0 Td
(w)Tj
0.70701 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.142 Tw
[(here the)15(y f)-1(elt lik)10(e outsiders themselv)15(es. In)]TJ
-3.32573 -1.16602 TD
-0.004 Tw
(one tr)Tj
2.21095 0 TD
(ansitional home)Tj
6.13113 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.4665 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(the men inter)Tj
5.07364 0 TD
[(vie)25(wed each told)]TJ
-13.88222 -1.16602 TD
0.103 Tw
[(stories of their loneliness,)-338(of f)19(inding it dif)25(f)20(icult and)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
0.137 Tw
[(uncomforta)-1(ble to approach ne)25(w people and initiate)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0.213 Tw
[(interactions. )55(At the same time the)14(y felt depressed)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
0.057 Tw
[(o)15(v)15(er the lack of companionship in their li)24(v)15(es. )18(Those)]TJ
0 Tc
(U)'
0.70692 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(.S)Tj
0.77591 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.52852 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.059 Tw
[(students who more closely identif)19(ied as part of)]TJ
-2.01135 -1.16602 TD
-0.032 Tw
[(the dominant culture felt and wer)-1(e distanced from the)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.079 Tw
(lients thr)Tj
3.45541 0.00001 TD
(ough the cultur)Tj
5.98606 0.00001 TD
(al pr)Tj
1.808 0.00001 TD
(actices that coded and)Tj
-11.67832 -1.16602 TD
0.075 Tw
[(controlled e)15(xpecta)-1(tions for the identities of each \(as)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
0.005 Tc
0.423 Tw
[(graduate student and \322transient\323)-678(respecti)25(v)15(el)-1(y\).)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.09 Tw
[(Se)25(v)15(er)-1(al of the non-nati)25(v)15(e speak)9(ers,)-326(ho)25(we)25(v)15(er had no)]TJ
T*
0.159 Tw
[(pref)-1(ormed e)15(xpectations for the identities and prac)-1(-)]TJ
T*
-0.005 Tw
(tices of homelessness and could r)Tj
12.83553 0.00001 TD
(elate to the sense of)Tj
-12.83553 -1.16601 TD
0.114 Tw
[(loneliness that the men described. In their \(interna)-1(-)]TJ
T*
-0.031 Tw
[(tional graduate students\325\) o)25(wn countries and cultures,)]TJ
T*
0.284 Tw
[(similar issues wer)-1(e either not recognized or dis-)]TJ
T*
0.047 Tw
[(cussed; thus,)-282(their terms for describing the identities)]TJ
T*
0.013 Tw
[(and practices of homelessness wer)-1(e based in interac-)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0.109 Tw
(tions in w)Tj
4.01243 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(hic)Tj
1.17668 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.82889 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.109 Tw
(the c)Tj
1.94973 0.00001 TD
(lients def)Tj
3.63215 0.00001 TD
(ined their identity and)Tj
-11.59988 -1.16603 TD
0.127 Tw
[(agenc)15(y through their stories. )17(T)1(he)14(y found fle)15(xibility)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
0.305 Tw
(and o)Tj
2.40941 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
(la)Tj
0.69168 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(p)Tj
1.02529 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.305 Tw
(in their o)Tj
4.04627 0.00001 TD
(wn stories of identity and)Tj
-9.38937 -1.16604 TD
0.161 Tw
[(agenc)15(y with those of the clients the)15(y w)9(ork)10(ed with)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 50)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
51 0 obj
<<
/Length 14775
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(51)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 346.6311 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Assessing Learning:)-250(A Social )18(Appr)45(oac)14(h)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.025 Tw
[(and intervie)25(wed that w)-1(ere not present in the stories of)]TJ
0 -1.15035 TD
0.001 Tw
[(the students from the U.S. )18(The learning tha)-1(t can hap-)]TJ
0 -1.15034 TD
0.098 Tw
[(pen when identities are vie)25(wed in-rela)-1(tion-to others)]TJ
0 Tc
(r)'
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.017 Tw
[(ather than as already fully for)-1(med w)10(as demonstrated)]TJ
-0.31776 -1.15035 TD
0.025 Tw
(in the stories of the students and the clients. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 637.6355 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Emer)37(g)9(ent )18(Abilities and Constr)15(aints)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 618.932 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.079 Tw
[(The focus of this concept is on kno)25(wledge as not)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15034 TD
0.22 Tw
[(merel)-1(y kno)25(wing \(as in obtaining an education on)]TJ
0 -1.15035 TD
0.093 Tw
[(recei)25(v)15(ed concepts\) or kno)25(wing ho)24(w \(as in technical)]TJ
0 -1.15034 TD
0.257 Tw
[(or instrumental kno)25(wledge\) b)19(ut as kno)25(wing from)]TJ
T*
0.208 Tw
[(within\321kno)25(wledge that emer)17(ges in the joint con-)]TJ
T*
0.158 Tw
[(struction of social reality)64(. In the CSL conte)15(xt,)-393(this)]TJ
0 -1.15035 TD
0.054 Tw
[(means that useful kno)25(wledges ar)-1(e those that emer)18(ge)]TJ
0 -1.15034 TD
0.053 Tw
[(in the conte)15(xt of e)15(xper)-1(ience,)-288(in interaction with oth-)]TJ
T*
0.006 Tw
[(ers\321that inf)-1(orm us as to ho)25(w to go on,)-241(to coordinate)]TJ
T*
0.09 Tw
[(our meanings to accomplish something. )30(When peo-)]TJ
T*
-0.001 Tw
[(ple construct reality through con)39(v)15(ersation the)14(y create)]TJ
0 -1.15035 TD
0.021 Tw
[(ne)25(w possibilities for a)-1(genc)15(y and also are constrained)]TJ
0 -1.15034 TD
0.055 Tw
(in their actions b)Tj
6.58792 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.77496 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(social str)Tj
3.48719 0 TD
0 Tw
(uctur)Tj
1.97944 0 TD
0.055 Tw
(es and cultur)Tj
5.02425 0 TD
(al nar-)Tj
-17.85376 -1.15035 TD
0.195 Tw
[(rati)25(v)15(es. It is in the mo)15(v)14(ement between action and)]TJ
0 -1.15034 TD
0.046 Tw
[(structure tha)-1(t abilities and constraints emer)18(ge:)-281(in the)]TJ
T*
0.22 Tw
[(dif)25(ferent stor)-1(ies about identities and competencies)]TJ
T*
0.301 Tw
[(a)20(v)25(ailable to inter)-1(actants. Dra)15(wing from Bourdieu)]TJ
0 -1.15035 TD
0 Tw
((1977),)Tj
3.04721 0 TD
0.002 Tw
(these stor)Tj
3.65565 0 TD
(ies ha)Tj
2.19635 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.6655 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(an e)15(xchange v)24(alue and this)]TJ
-10.03482 -1.15035 TD
-0.035 Tw
[(v)25(alue is def)20(ined b)-1(y the position of the speak)10(er relati)24(v)15(e)]TJ
0 -1.15034 TD
0.123 Tw
[(to the other in con)40(v)15(er)-1(sation and by his or her rela-)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(tionship to social institutions.)Tj
0.9 -1.15034 TD
0.029 Tw
[(Assessing abilities and constraints as the)15(y ar)-1(e per-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15035 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.80277 0 TD
0.108 Tw
(med in inter)Tj
4.86791 0 TD
(action a)Tj
3.12527 0 TD
[(g)5(ain allo)25(ws a perspecti)24(v)15(e on)]TJ
-9.11371 -1.15035 TD
0.022 Tw
[(learning that dra)15(ws a)-1(ttention both to the social struc-)]TJ
0 -1.15034 TD
0.07 Tw
[(tures which position us and the actions in con)39(v)15(ersa-)]TJ
T*
0.015 Tw
[(tion that v)15(er)-1(ify agenc)15(y or constrain identity based on)]TJ
T*
0.101 Tw
[(possibilities for action. )18(The importance of this con-)]TJ
T*
0.076 Tw
[(cept for lear)-1(ning lies in ho)25(w to go forw)10(ar)-1(d with the)]TJ
0 -1.15035 TD
0.029 Tw
[(constraints and possibilities of our roles,)-265(as teachers,)]TJ
0 -1.15034 TD
0 Tw
(students,)Tj
3.70218 0 TD
0.075 Tw
(and community members. Cultural studies)Tj
-3.70218 -1.15034 TD
-0.028 Tw
(scholar Stuart Hall (1980) discusses )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 201.3964 273.8295 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.028 Tw
[(thinking forwar)37(d)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 262.3262 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.173 Tw
[(as \322the af)25(f)20(ir)-1(mati)24(v)15(e moment of the de)25(v)15(elopment of)]TJ
0 -1.15034 TD
0.157 Tw
(conscious str)Tj
5.1549 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ug)Tj
0.97 0.00001 TD
0.157 Tw
(gle and or)Tj
4.14451 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.48012 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(anization\323)-392(\(1980,)-392(p. 72\))]TJ
-10.74953 -1.15037 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
(g)Tj
0.48012 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.113 Tw
(ainst the deter)Tj
5.60937 0 TD
0 Tw
(mina)Tj
1.93951 0 TD
0.113 Tw
(te conditions of str)Tj
7.50918 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(uctur)Tj
1.97945 0.00001 TD
0.113 Tw
(al and)Tj
-17.94648 -1.15038 TD
0.152 Tw
[(cultural institutions. Lik)10(e)25(wise)-1(,)-387(Giroux and Giroux)]TJ
0 -1.15034 TD
0.014 Tw
[((2004) discuss thinking forw)10(ar)-1(d as a pedagogical act)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(center)Tj
2.35214 0.00001 TD
0.196 Tw
(ed in \322social responsibility and public inter-)Tj
-2.35214 -1.15035 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ention\323)Tj
3.17987 0.00001 TD
0.107 Tw
((p.107). In concr)Tj
6.67677 0.00001 TD
[(ete terms,)-342(and for assess-)]TJ
-10.32675 -1.15036 TD
0.003 Tw
(ment pur)Tj
3.4649 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(poses,)Tj
2.61931 0.00001 TD
0.003 Tw
(this means situa)Tj
6.1527 0 TD
(ting lear)Tj
3.17158 0 TD
(ning in those)Tj
-15.40849 -1.15037 TD
0.201 Tw
(moments when students and community members)Tj
0 -1.15034 TD
-0.037 Tw
(recognize social and cultural boundaries for identities)Tj
T*
0 Tw
(\(e)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
(.g)Tj
0.72 0.00001 TD
-0.008 Tw
[(.,)-227(w)1(hite)-1(,)-226(middle class,)-227(educated student\) and their)]TJ
-1.46661 -1.15035 TD
0.35 Tw
(position within societal institutions \(e)Tj
15.85417 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(.g)Tj
0.72001 0.00001 TD
(.,)Tj
1.05523 0.00001 TD
(school,)Tj
-17.62941 -1.15036 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
(o)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(er)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
0.364 Tw
(nmental social pr)Tj
7.3602 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(grams,)-599(comm)-1(unity agen-)]TJ
-10.017 -1.1504 TD
0.302 Tw
[(cies\),)-537(and w)10(or)-1(k to become allies for each other)]TJ
0 -1.1503 TD
0.025 Tw
[(to)25(w)10(ar)-1(d mutually benef)20(icial social action. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 89.7748 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Indica)Tj
2.4645 0 TD
(tor)Tj
1.112 0 TD
0.004 Tw
[(s:)-240(How do we measur)37(e emer)37(g)10(ent a)-1(bilities)]TJ
-4.4764 -1.1503 TD
0.025 Tw
(and constr)Tj
4.1096 0 TD
0 Tw
(aints?)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 72.8 63.168 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.08 Tw
[-925(Do students mak)10(e connections between c)-1(lass-)]TJ
23.76 63.68423 TD
0.264 Tw
(room concepts and theories and abilities to)Tj
0 -1.16601 TD
0.098 Tw
[(mak)10(e a dif)24(f)1(er)-1(ence to)25(w)10(ar)-1(d change in the com-)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0.136 Tw
[(munity? Ho)25(w are these connections enacted?)]TJ
T*
0.215 Tw
[(Specif)20(icall)-1(y)65(,)-450(are ther)-1(e)1( o)-1(b)1(s)-1(erv)25(able patterns in)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.26292 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.313 Tw
[(he con)40(v)15(er)-1(sations/interactions that allo)24(w for)]TJ
-0.26292 -1.16601 TD
0.031 Tw
[(ne)25(w abilities and agenc)14(y with re)15(g)5(ard to course)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0.018 Tw
(concepts and content as well as social and cul-)Tj
0 -1.16602 TD
0.025 Tw
(tural abilities to act?)Tj
-1.26 -1.526 TD
-0.007 Tw
[-925(Re)15(g)5(ar)-1(ding emer)18(gent constraints,)-228(are ther)-1(e indi-)]TJ
1.26 -1.16601 TD
0.049 Tw
(cations in the interactions among students and)Tj
0 -1.166 TD
0.2 Tw
[(community that reco)-1(gnize the limitations on)]TJ
T*
0.237 Tw
[(agenc)15(y imposed by social/cultural structur)-1(es)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
0.154 Tw
[(and institutions? If so,)-389(is ef)25(fort made to)24(w)10(ard)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0.155 Tw
[(ackno)25(wledg)-1(ing limitations as a starting point)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(for further collaborati)25(v)14(e action? )]TJ
-1.44 -1.52602 TD
0.302 Tw
[(Emer)18(gent a)-1(bilities can be observ)15(ed as well in)]TJ
-0.9 -1.166 TD
0.183 Tw
[(responses to une)15(xpected questions,)-418(in moments or)]TJ
T*
-0.032 Tw
[(e)15(xperiences not discussed as possibilities in the class-)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
-0.023 Tw
[(room which produce ne)25(w or unintended applications.)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0.134 Tw
(This concept is important to assessment in CSL in)Tj
T*
0 Tw
(tha)Tj
1.17668 0 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(t)Tj
0.63575 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(emer)Tj
1.92066 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.138 Tw
(ent a)Tj
1.97864 0 TD
(bilities dif)Tj
4.01572 0 TD
(fer from skills or compe-)Tj
-10.21245 -1.16602 TD
0.099 Tw
(tencies in tha)Tj
5.26443 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.59715 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(the)Tj
1.16186 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.81913 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(ar)Tj
0.74688 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.76313 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(identif)Tj
2.48545 0 TD
0.099 Tw
(ied as par)Tj
3.87984 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.59714 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(of inter)Tj
2.89453 0 TD
0 Tw
(ac-)Tj
-19.20954 -1.16602 TD
-0.008 Tw
[(tion\321as a mutual ne)15(gotiation of meaning tha)-1(t allo)25(ws)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0.025 Tw
[(or constrains action or agenc)14(y a)1(m)-1(ong people.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 412.9694 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.203 Tw
[(Assessment e)20(xample)14(.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 383.0659 412.9694 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.203 Tw
[(Looking ag)5(ain at the CSL)]TJ
-9.60659 -1.166 TD
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.80276 0 TD
-0.009 Tw
(oject descr)Tj
4.12894 0 TD
(ibed a)Tj
2.31673 0 TD
0 Tw
(bo)Tj
0.95511 0 TD
-0.009 Tw
[(v)15(e,)-226(we found that in the interac)-1(-)]TJ
-8.20354 -1.16601 TD
0.317 Tw
(tions betw)Tj
4.30516 0 TD
(een the student teams in the methods)Tj
-4.30516 -1.16602 TD
0 Tw
(cour)Tj
1.71661 0 TD
0.107 Tw
(se and the c)Tj
4.83269 0 TD
(lients using the shelter)Tj
8.93028 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.71567 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(and tr)Tj
2.32139 0 TD
0 Tw
(ansi-)Tj
-18.51664 -1.16601 TD
0.105 Tw
(tion ser)Tj
2.95665 0 TD
0 Tw
(vices,)Tj
2.55491 0 TD
0.105 Tw
[(ne)25(w abilities and constraints emer)17(ged)]TJ
-5.51156 -1.16601 TD
0.151 Tw
[(in surprising w)9(ays in the conte)15(xt of the intervie)25(ws)]TJ
T*
0.157 Tw
[(and focus groups with the clients. F)15(or the interna-)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0.058 Tw
(tional students w)Tj
6.63753 0 TD
[(ho pre)25(viously had felt handicapped)]TJ
-6.63753 -1.166 TD
-0.028 Tw
[(in their language abilities there emer)17(ged a connection)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
0.308 Tw
(with the c)Tj
4.40832 0 TD
(lients through an ability to coordinate)Tj
-4.40832 -1.16601 TD
0.342 Tw
[(meanings around mar)18(ginaliza)-1(tion. Se)25(v)15(eral of the)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(inter)Tj
1.75728 0 TD
0.066 Tw
[(vie)25(wees e)15(xpr)-1(essed their concern that social ser-)]TJ
-1.75728 -1.166 TD
0.068 Tw
(vices did not address the emotional needs of people)Tj
T*
0.144 Tw
[(in transition; although the)15(y felt lonel)-1(y and isolated)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
0.023 Tw
[(there wer)-1(e fe)25(w acti)25(vities or social e)25(v)15(ents designed to)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0.161 Tw
(connect them with each other or other community)Tj
T*
-0.004 Tc
0.364 Tw
[(members. )18(T)-1(heir social isolation w)10(as reinfor)-1(ced)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.278 Tw
[(through services that tar)17(geted only their ph)5(ysical)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
-0.011 Tw
[(needs. )18(The graduate students,)-224(ne)25(w to this country f)-1(elt)]TJ
T*
0.001 Tw
(similarly lonely and disconnected and their stories of)Tj
0 -1.16601 TD
0.091 Tw
[(feeling mar)18(ginalized,)-326(although with other important)]TJ
0 -1.16599 TD
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.80276 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(i)Tj
0.23793 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.039 Tw
[(vile)15(ges,)-274(allo)25(wed for a connection in these interac)-1(-)]TJ
-1.04069 -1.16601 TD
0.108 Tw
(tions. In contr)Tj
5.57231 0 TD
0 Tw
(adiction,)Tj
3.67896 0.00001 TD
(se)Tj
0.77786 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(er)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
0.108 Tw
(al of the na)Tj
4.61325 0 TD
0 Tw
(ti)Tj
0.50076 0 TD
0.108 Tw
[(v)15(e student)]TJ
-16.35986 -1.16606 TD
0 Tw
(speak)Tj
2.19185 0 TD
(er)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(s)Tj
0.69447 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.086 Tw
[(felt a distance in these same con)40(v)14(ersations)]TJ
-3.63294 -1.16601 TD
0.018 Tw
[(and found them some)25(what problema)-1(tic,)-253(as the)15(y rein)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0.09 Tw
(forced the distinction in their societal/cultural roles.)Tj
0 -1.16602 TD
0.113 Tw
[(In this instance,)-348(and in the same con)40(v)15(er)-1(sation,)-348(ne)25(w)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.184 Tw
[(bilities and constraints can emer)18(ge tha)-1(t allo)25(w for)]TJ
-0.42885 -1.166 TD
-0.012 Tw
[(learning about our o)25(wn positions and possibilities f)-1(or)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
0.061 Tw
[(social action. Equally important here,)-296(and follo)25(wing)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
-0.036 Tw
[(from )54(Astin\325)55(s (2000) systemic assessment presented at)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 51)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
52 0 obj
<<
/Length 15474
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(52)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Cooks &)-250(Sharr)37(er)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.079 Tw
[(the be)15(ginning of the paper)39(,)-314(is the ackno)25(wledgement)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.021 Tw
[(of the w)10(ays structural/institutional as w)-1(ell as person-)]TJ
T*
0.088 Tw
[(al,)-323(social,)-324(and cultural others\325)-250(stories about who we)]TJ
T*
0.177 Tw
[(are and wha)-1(t we are capable of can constrain our)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(abilities for personal and social change. )Tj
0.9 -1.15238 TD
-0.005 Tc
0.365 Tw
[(The concepts,)-610(indicators,)-610(and e)15(xamples cited)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15238 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.092 Tw
[(abo)15(v)15(e help to illustrate the v)25(ar)-1(ious w)10(ays the frame-)]TJ
T*
0.121 Tw
[(w)10(ork f)-1(or a social approach to assessment might be)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(used by the CSL practitioner)55(. In the ne)14(xt section,)-260(we)]TJ
T*
0.067 Tw
[(identify se)25(v)15(er)-1(al methods we ha)20(v)15(e found par)-1(ticularly)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(useful for g)5(athering and analyzing da)-1(ta.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 84.2967 565.8924 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Methods of )55(Analysis and )55(Assessment)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 547.1685 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.024 Tw
[(The conceptual frame)25(w)9(ork of a social approach to)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15237 TD
0.169 Tw
[(learning lends itself to qualitati)24(v)15(e methods of data)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
0.273 Tw
[(analysis,)-508(although other methods such as c)-1(losed-)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.07 Tw
[(ended surv)15(e)15(ys could be designed as complementary)]TJ
T*
0.058 Tw
[(measures of the meaning-in-use of terms rele)24(v)25(ant to)]TJ
T*
0.062 Tw
[(the project by the v)25(ar)-1(ious parties in)40(v)20(olv)14(ed. Methods)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.092 Tw
[(we ha)20(v)15(e used for assessment ha)19(v)15(e v)25(aried accor)-1(ding)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.068 Tw
[(to the nature of the project:)-303(projects whic)-1(h in)40(v)20(olv)15(ed)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.242 Tw
[(frequent inter)-1(action among constituencies and the)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.213 Tw
[(permission and ability to recor)-1(d the process were)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(amena)Tj
2.53438 0 TD
0 Tc
(b)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.057 Tw
(le to )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 112.4192 431.9309 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.057 Tw
(video r)Tj
2.71909 0 TD
0 Tw
(ecor)Tj
1.67975 0 TD
(dings)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 180.2402 431.9309 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.057 Tw
(of the v)Tj
3.02257 0 TD
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
0.057 Tw
[(ious con)40(v)15(er)-1(-)]TJ
-15.5932 -1.15238 TD
-0.027 Tw
[(sations that took place inside and outside of the class)-1(-)]TJ
0 Tc
(r)'
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.151 Tw
(oom and among the v)Tj
8.95818 0 TD
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
0.151 Tw
(ious constituencies. )Tj
8.05001 0 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(hese)Tj
-18.6684 -1.15238 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ecor)Tj
1.66047 0 TD
0.022 Tw
(dings pr)Tj
3.1515 0 TD
[(o)15(vide documentation of both the v)15(erbal)]TJ
-5.12973 -1.15239 TD
-0.012 Tw
[(and non)40(v)15(erbal w)9(ays that people construct meaning in)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.126 Tw
[(interaction. F)15(or instance)-1(,)-361(in one project focused on)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0 Tw
(assessing )Tj
3.99859 0 TD
(\322cr)Tj
1.17546 0 TD
0.177 Tw
(itical thinking\323)Tj
6.37617 0 TD
(as a lear)Tj
3.4947 0 TD
(ning g)Tj
2.61523 0 TD
(oal w)Tj
2.296 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
-19.95615 -1.1524 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.144 Tw
[(utilized our video recordings to f)-1(ocus on the w)10(ays)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.119 Tw
(students and community members made use of the)Tj
0 -1.15238 TD
0.063 Tw
[(term in particular conte)14(xts,)-298(what roles \(e.g.,)-298(teac)-1(her)40(,)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
[(student\) the)15(y took when utilizing the term,)-298(and ho)25(w)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0 Tw
(the)Tj
1.16179 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.76273 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(constr)Tj
2.35354 0 TD
0.043 Tw
(ucted their identity in relation to the term)Tj
-4.27806 -1.15239 TD
0.025 Tw
[(\(e.g.,)-260(I am/not a cr)-1(itical think)10(er\). )]TJ
0.9 -1.15238 TD
-0.018 Tw
[(W)80(e ha)20(v)15(e used semi-str)-1(uctured )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 188.0531 282.1221 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.018 Tw
(journal assignments)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 270.5983 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.015 Tw
[(for colle)15(ge students,)-250(asking them to respond to ques-)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.156 Tw
[(tions re)15(g)5(ar)-1(ding with whom the)15(y interacted in their)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.005 Tc
0.411 Tw
[(group and in the school sessions,)-666(what the)15(y)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(noticed/obser)Tj
5.19173 0.00001 TD
0.096 Tw
[(v)15(ed about their interactions,)-332(w)1(ha)-1(t the)15(y)]TJ
-5.19173 -1.15239 TD
0.009 Tw
[(learned,)-244(and what did/did not go well. F)14(or the reflec-)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.076 Tw
[(tion papers,)-311(colle)14(ge students were ask)9(ed)1( to descr)-1(ibe)]TJ
0 -1.15236 TD
0 Tw
(cer)Tj
1.17546 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tw
(tain salient e)Tj
4.81362 0.00001 TD
(pisodes of inter)Tj
5.89471 0.00001 TD
(action with comm)Tj
6.95061 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(uni)Tj
1.23283 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06723 -1.15241 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.01 Tw
(ty member)Tj
4.17919 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.61901 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(or f)Tj
1.35613 0.00001 TD
(aculty and the w)Tj
6.36175 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(ys the)15(y constructed)]TJ
-12.94493 -1.15239 TD
0.283 Tw
[(their relationships to others i)-1(n)1( )-1(tho)1(s)-1(e)1( )-1(interactions.)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.92885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ha)Tj
0.91385 0 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(t)Tj
0.56952 0 Td
(r)Tj
0.318 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.072 Tw
(ole(s) did the)Tj
5.19459 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.79176 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(pla)Tj
1.17685 0.00001 TD
0.072 Tw
[(y? )30(W)80(as this role consistent)]TJ
-9.89342 -1.1524 TD
0.197 Tw
[(with other performances in similar roles? In w)-1(hat)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.08 Tw
[(w)10(ays did it dif)25(fer? Ho)25(w did the interaction rela)-1(te to)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(other stories the)15(y tell about w)-1(ho the)15(y are? )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 120.7895 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.011 Tw
[(Intervie)14(ws and focus gr)45(oups)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 181.3087 120.7895 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.011 Tw
(are another method of)Tj
-11.9309 -1.1524 TD
0.053 Tw
[(g)5(athering conte)15(xtual data. F)-1(r)1(om a systemic perspec)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(ti)Tj
0.5008 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0 TD
(e)Tj
0.4288 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.69 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(inter)Tj
1.7573 0 TD
(vie)Tj
1.1518 0 TD
0.22 Tw
(ws and/or f)Tj
4.77305 0.00001 TD
(ocus groups with all con-)Tj
-9.7718 -1.1524 TD
0.111 Tw
(stituencies in)Tj
5.1099 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4652 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(olv)Tj
1.21794 0.00001 TD
0.111 Tw
[(ed is an ideal,)-346(if often impractica)-1(-)]TJ
-6.7931 -1.1524 TD
0.297 Tw
[(ble,)-532(goal. )30(When focus g)-1(r)1(oups can be for)-1(med to)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(inc)Tj
1.1767 0 TD
0.046 Tw
(lude a cr)Tj
3.3996 0 TD
(oss section of eac)Tj
6.89319 0.00001 TD
(h)Tj
0.76625 0 Td
(g)Tj
0.48501 0.00001 TD
[(roup \(e.g.,)-281(students,)]TJ
9.77922 63.68394 TD
0.332 Tw
[(community members,)-568(administrators,)-567(f)10(aculty\) the)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.316 Tw
[(ne)15(gotiation o)14(v)15(er roles and rules almost certainly)]TJ
T*
0.047 Tw
[(emer)18(ges. In our e)14(xperience,)-282(students often v)20(olunteer)]TJ
T*
0.298 Tw
[(informa)-1(tion and e)15(xperiences that re)25(v)15(eal str)-1(uggles)]TJ
T*
0.129 Tw
[(with roles and rules re)15(g)5(ar)-1(dless of whether the)15(y are)]TJ
T*
0.176 Tw
[(grouped with community members or f)10(aculty in a)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(focus group.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 619.3441 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.013 Tw
[(Pr)45(ocess assessment)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 373.533 619.3441 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.013 Tw
(can be conducted with the col-)Tj
-8.6533 -1.15238 TD
-0.036 Tw
[(le)15(ge students in an ong)-1(oing f)10(ashion o)15(v)15(er the course of)]TJ
T*
0.185 Tw
[(the semester)55(. In one project we accomplished this)]TJ
T*
0.157 Tw
(through weekly one-on-one meetings with the stu-)Tj
0 -1.15237 TD
0.026 Tw
[(dents,)-261(while in another we used the time in our sem-)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
-0.001 Tw
[(inar to ref)-1(lect on video recordings of earlier stages of)]TJ
T*
0.257 Tw
[(the project. )18(The students \(and instructors/author)-1(s\))]TJ
T*
-0.014 Tw
[(w)10(ould comment on what went w)-1(ell and of)25(fer sugges-)]TJ
T*
0.011 Tw
[(tions for the ne)15(xt visit. )17(T)1(he m)-1(ultiple layers of perfor-)]TJ
T*
0.069 Tw
[(mance and ref)-1(lection contrib)20(ute to an assessment of)]TJ
T*
0.048 Tw
[(the process as it in)40(v)19(olv)15(es multiple groups in interac-)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.097 Tw
(tion and ad)Tj
4.47331 0.00001 TD
[(dresses each of the k)9(e)15(y assessment con-)]TJ
-4.47331 -1.15239 TD
0.161 Tw
[(cepts discussed abo)14(v)15(e)1(. It is impor)-1(tant,)-395(ho)25(we)25(v)15(er)39(,)-396(to)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.147 Tw
[(note that from a social assessment perspecti)24(v)15(e,)-382(the)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.206 Tw
(ocus of anal)Tj
5.06388 0 TD
(ysis with eac)Tj
5.38261 0 TD
(h)Tj
0.92632 0 Td
(method should be on)Tj
-11.69057 -1.15239 TD
0.032 Tw
[(learning as it is constructed in the report of lear)-1(ning,)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.025 Tw
(rather than on the report in and of itself. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 331.0543 416.0834 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Summary and Implications)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 397.3597 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.59584 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.119 Tw
(he fr)Tj
1.90313 0 TD
0 Tw
(ame)Tj
1.59562 0 TD
0.119 Tw
[(w)10(ork discussed abo)14(v)15(e is designed as a)]TJ
-4.99459 -1.15239 TD
0.355 Tw
[(guide for e)25(v)25(alua)-1(ting learning as meaning-in-use.)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.247 Tw
(Building on the systemic approach to assessment)Tj
0 -1.15238 TD
0 Tw
(ad)Tj
0.91385 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.46522 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(oca)Tj
1.3427 0 TD
0.14 Tw
(ted b)Tj
2.03676 0 TD
(y)Tj
0.80515 0 TD
(Astin (2000),)Tj
5.6522 0 TD
0 Tw
(eac)Tj
1.28655 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.85989 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.14 Tw
(of the assessment)Tj
-13.36232 -1.1524 TD
0.207 Tw
[(concepts are present in eac)-1(h of the const)1(ituencies)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.126 Tw
[(in)40(v)19(olv)15(ed in CSL and ne)15(gotiated in their interaction)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.104 Tw
[(with the other)55(. In the conceptual e)14(xamples outlined)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.161 Tw
[(abo)15(v)15(e,)-396(our focus w)10(as primar)-1(ily on the interactions)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0 Tw
(betw)Tj
1.88361 0 TD
0.061 Tw
(een students and comm)Tj
9.22738 0 TD
[(unity members-this res)-1(-)]TJ
-11.11099 -1.15239 TD
0.156 Tw
(onated particularly with the projects discussed and)Tj
0 -1.15238 TD
-0.036 Tw
[(the v)25(ar)-1(ious methods used to g)5(ather data. Nonetheless,)]TJ
T*
-0.027 Tw
[(we imagine that those who generall)-1(y focus on project)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.025 Tw
[(outcomes will f)20(ind the comple)14(xities of this approach)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.03 Tw
[(do not lead to simple measures of success. )18(Thus,)-266(the)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0 Tw
(ef)Tj
0.72171 0.00001 TD
0.212 Tw
[(fecti)25(v)15(eness and v)25(alidity of the appr)-1(oach will no)]TJ
-0.72171 -1.15239 TD
0.105 Tw
[(doubt be questioned. )30(W)80(e answer these queries with)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.077 Tw
[(our o)25(wn concern that a ne)24(w approach to v)25(alidity be)]TJ
0 -1.15236 TD
0 Tw
(de)Tj
0.88895 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.017 Tw
(eloped tha)Tj
4.00445 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.51495 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(better r)Tj
2.75624 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ef)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
0.017 Tw
(lects the m)Tj
4.20126 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ultiple )Tj
2.70241 0.00001 TD
(\322tr)Tj
1.00944 0.00001 TD
[(uths\323)-252(of)]TJ
-17.29441 -1.15243 TD
0.025 Tw
(social and cultur)Tj
6.40341 0.00001 TD
(al e)Tj
1.36564 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(xper)Tj
1.71661 0 TD
(ience)Tj
2.03438 0 TD
(.)Tj
-10.62004 -1.15239 TD
0.1 Tw
[(Those who eng)5(age in CSL,)-335(as teacher)-1(s,)-335(scholars,)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15238 TD
0 Tw
(students,)Tj
3.77434 0.00001 TD
(par)Tj
1.23161 0 TD
(ticipants,)Tj
3.86993 0 TD
0.147 Tw
(and e)Tj
2.18479 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(en stak)10(eholders some)-1(-)]TJ
-11.53078 -1.1524 TD
0.001 Tw
[(what outside the process,)-237(all recognize that it is often)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.224 Tw
[(messy)65(,)-459(comple)15(x,)-459(and rarel)-1(y predictable. )90(Y)100(et,)-459(most)]TJ
T*
0.34 Tw
[(belie)25(v)15(e that it is v)24(aluable in spite,)-575(and perhaps)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.184 Tw
[(because,)-419(of this messiness. )30(W)80(e do not esche)25(w the)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.251 Tw
[(v)25(alue that quantitati)24(v)15(e and more simply designed)]TJ
0 -1.15236 TD
-0.01 Tc
0 Tw
(qualita)Tj
2.65411 0.00001 TD
(ti)Tj
0.5116 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47552 0.00001 TD
-0.0097 Tc
(e)Tj
1.04422 0 Td
-0.01 Tc
0.37 Tw
(assessments can pr)Tj
8.11898 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.47552 0.00001 TD
-0.01 Tc
0 Tw
(vide)Tj
1.68335 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.85042 0.00001 TD
-0.01 Tc
0.37 Tw
[(b)19(ut we do)]TJ
-15.81372 -1.15242 TD
0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(str)Tj
1.0145 0.00001 TD
(ongl)Tj
1.79782 0.00001 TD
0.0049 Tc
(y)Tj
1.16243 0 Td
0.005 Tc
(ad)Tj
0.95394 0.00001 TD
0.403 Tw
[(v)20(ocate an additional a)-1(pproach that)]TJ
-4.92869 -1.1524 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.172 Tw
[(encourages a vie)25(w of learning and of process that)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0 Tw
(mo)Tj
1.23294 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.086 Tw
(es be)Tj
2.02305 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(y)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(ond indi)25(vidual measurement of predicted)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 52)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
53 0 obj
<<
/Length 16333
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(53)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 346.6311 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Assessing Learning:)-250(A Social )18(Appr)45(oac)14(h)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.001 Tw
[(outcomes. In the last section of this paper)40(,)-236(we fur)-1(ther)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.055 Tw
[(e)15(xamine the implications of this approach to assess)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(ment of CSL. )Tj
0.9 -1.15238 TD
0.055 Tw
[(The social approach discussed in this paper r)-1(aises)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15238 TD
0.163 Tw
[(se)25(v)15(er)-1(al implications for practitioners,)-398(teacher)-1(s,)-397(and)]TJ
T*
-0.02 Tw
[(scholars inter)-1(ested in de)25(v)15(eloping and implementing a)]TJ
T*
0.229 Tw
[(dynamic and interacti)25(v)14(e approach to learning and)]TJ
T*
0.185 Tw
[(change processes. Fir)-1(st,)-420(De)25(we)15<79D5>55(s (1922) notion of)]TJ
T*
0.004 Tw
[(\322ends-in-vie)25<77D3>-240(implies a vie)25(w of learning as punctu-)]TJ
T*
0.092 Tw
[(ated moments in an ongoing process of e)15(xperience)-1(.)]TJ
T*
-0.024 Tw
[(F)15(or CSL,)-211(this r)-1(aises the possibility of mo)15(ving be)15(yond)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(a)Tj
0.68724 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.023 Tw
(conception of education in terms of the acquisition)Tj
-0.68724 -1.15238 TD
0.005 Tw
[(of skill sets to think about ho)25(w people co-crea)-1(te situ-)]TJ
T*
0.06 Tw
(ations of )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 98.9035 550.2015 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(usefulness)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 141.4504 550.2015 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.06 Tw
[(for particular ideas and w)10(ays of)]TJ
-7.94504 -1.15238 TD
0.159 Tw
[(being/doing. )18(Thus,)-394(in the e)15(xamples abo)15(v)14(e)1(,)-394(conflict)]TJ
T*
0.255 Tw
[(resolution and social change de)25(v)15(eloped and wer)-1(e)]TJ
T*
0.165 Tw
(made meaningful through their resourcefulness for)Tj
T*
0.025 Tw
[(interpreta)-1(tion with/in )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 146.245 504.1064 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(social)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 171.8293 504.1064 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(situations.)Tj
-10.08293 -1.15237 TD
0.005 Tc
(Second)Tj
2.97359 0.00001 TD
0.4 Tw
[(,)-655(b)20(uilding on the pre)25(vious point,)-655(an)]TJ
-3.87359 -1.15239 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.068 Tw
[(approach to assessment-in-conte)15(xt vie)24(ws the assess-)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.061 Tw
(ment concepts of )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 132.0725 469.5351 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.061 Tw
[(enga)10(ging r)36(esistance)10(,)-295(r)45(ole and rule)]TJ
-7.00725 -1.15237 TD
0 Tw
(ne)Tj
0.87405 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(otia)Tj
1.49567 0 TD
(tion,)Tj
2.30105 0 TD
0.335 Tw
[(terms for identity and pr)14(actice)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 243.8077 458.0114 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.80539 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(and)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 446.4876 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.032 Tw
[(emer)37(g)9(ent abilities and constr)15(aints)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 196.285 446.4876 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.032 Tw
(as necessary parts)Tj
-13.4285 -1.15237 TD
0.189 Tw
(of determining the usefulness of concepts such as)Tj
0 -1.15238 TD
0.195 Tw
[(critical thinking or social justice in specif)19(ic social)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.058 Tw
(scenes. In this manner)Tj
8.69038 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.52839 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(assessment becomes another)Tj
-9.21877 -1.15239 TD
0.096 Tw
[(w)10(ay of struggling o)15(v)15(er position with r)-1(e)16(g)4(ard to con-)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
0.162 Tw
[(sation,)-397(or o)15(v)15(er the meaning of the con)39(v)15(ersation)]TJ
-1.21672 -1.15238 TD
0.31 Tw
[(itself. F)15(or CSL practitioner)-1(s,)-545(this means looking)]TJ
0 Tc
(r)'
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ef)Tj
0.74662 0 TD
(le)Tj
0.67678 0 TD
(xi)Tj
0.72294 0 TD
-0.025 Tw
[(v)15(ely a)-1(t our o)25(wn stories and interactions and the)]TJ
-2.4641 -1.15238 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.69716 0 TD
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.028 Tw
[(ys we orient to)25(w)9(ard particular subject positions,)-207(as)]TJ
-1.12601 -1.15239 TD
0.014 Tw
[(well as the w)10(ays resistance on the part of others ma)-1(y)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.025 Tw
[(be resistance to an object position in the narrati)25(v)15(e.)]TJ
0.9 -1.15237 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(hir)Tj
1.0656 0 TD
0 Tc
(d)Tj
0.485 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.4687 0 TD
(w)Tj
0.70693 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.66256 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.001 Tw
(hope tha)Tj
3.29422 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.49646 0 Td
(w)Tj
0.707 0 TD
(e)Tj
0.66249 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(ha)20(v)15(e sho)24(wn w)10(ays in which)]TJ
-10.04481 -1.1524 TD
0.185 Tw
[(both indi)25(vidual and social assessments of learning)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.011 Tw
[(can complement one another and pro)15(vide a check on)]TJ
T*
0.132 Tw
(assumptions a)Tj
5.57477 0 TD
[(bout learning as indi)25(vidual,)-367(linear)39(,)-366(or)]TJ
-5.57477 -1.15237 TD
0.116 Tw
[(aconte)15(xtual. )17(T)1(hr)-1(ough our o)25(wn use of multi-method)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.063 Tw
[(approaches to design and assessment,)-298(we ha)19(v)15(e been)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
0.128 Tw
[(able to complicate our vie)25(w of the ef)25(fecti)25(v)14(eness or)]TJ
0 -1.15236 TD
0.218 Tw
[(success of our program and w)10(ork to)24(w)10(ard making)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(hang)Tj
1.88385 0 TD
0.133 Tw
(es and cele)Tj
4.48649 0 TD
0 Tw
(br)Tj
0.80276 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.133 Tw
(ting successes w)Tj
6.63415 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.79655 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(might other-)Tj
-15.4615 -1.1524 TD
-0.008 Tc
0.368 Tw
[(wise not ha)20(v)14(e en)40(visioned. )30(W)80(e ha)19(v)15(e found this)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.001 Tw
(approach to assessment to be a teaching and learning)Tj
0 -1.15237 TD
-0.035 Tw
[(tool in and of itself. )30(W)80(e hope that this perspecti)24(v)15(e will)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.09 Tw
[(prompt others in)39(v)20(olv)15(ed in CSL to e)15(xplore the w)9(a)1(ys)]TJ
T*
0.207 Tw
[(the)15(y frame c)-1(hange processes in their projects and)]TJ
T*
0.032 Tw
[(ho)25(w those frames ref)-1(lect back on and construct their)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(assessments of CSL.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 139.6876 127.9896 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Conc)Tj
2.05085 0.00001 TD
(lusion)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 109.2657 Tm
0 g
-0.02 Tc
0.105 Tw
[(Assessment is generall)-1(y def)20(ined as the process of)]TJ
-0.9 -1.1524 TD
0 Tw
(documenting)Tj
5.0012 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.5227 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
(usuall)Tj
2.26844 0.00001 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(y)Tj
0.7725 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
0.063 Tw
(in measur)Tj
3.79796 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42385 0.00001 TD
(b)Tj
0.48001 0.00001 TD
-0.02 Tc
(le ter)Tj
1.96883 0.00001 TD
[(ms,)-293(the v)25(alue)]TJ
-15.2355 -1.1524 TD
-0.012 Tc
0.367 Tw
(of something \(see)Tj
7.64205 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.84325 0.00001 TD
(f)Tj
0.321 0.00001 TD
-0.012 Tc
[(or e)15(xample,)-606(dictionary)65(.com,)]TJ
-8.8063 -1.1524 TD
-0.02 Tc
-0.019 Tw
[(2006\),)-211(and in the conte)14(xt of CSL,)-211(this has often meant)]TJ
T*
0.042 Tw
(the acquistion of kno)Tj
8.09446 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(wledg)Tj
2.34362 0.00001 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(e)Tj
0.69542 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
0.042 Tw
(and skills,)Tj
4.14839 0.00001 TD
(or the c)Tj
2.92148 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(hang-)Tj
4.29663 63.68394 TD
0.197 Tw
[(ing of attitudes and beliefs. In this paper we ha)19(v)15(e)]TJ
0 -1.16069 TD
-0.0204 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42361 0.00001 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.034 Tw
[(r)17(gued for a dif)25(ferent approac)-1(h to assessment as)1( w)-1(ell)]TJ
-0.42361 -1.1607 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42387 0.00001 TD
(s)Tj
0.77205 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.82705 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
0.173 Tw
[(redef)19(inition of the term to include e)25(v)25(aluations)]TJ
-2.02297 -1.1607 TD
0.34 Tw
[(be)15(yond the measurement of indi)24(vidual cognition.)]TJ
T*
0.144 Tw
[(Some may contend,)-374(nonetheless,)-375(that )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 437.8067 653.5826 Tm
0 g
-0.02 Tc
(learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 473.8337 653.5826 Tm
0 g
-0.02 Tc
(hap-)Tj
-18.68337 -1.16069 TD
0.077 Tw
[(pens in social conte)15(xts b)19(ut that )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 410.2165 641.9757 Tm
0 g
-0.02 Tc
(assessment)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 455.7209 641.9757 Tm
0 g
-0.02 Tc
0.077 Tw
(does not.)Tj
-16.87209 -1.16069 TD
0.087 Tw
[(In this paper)39(,)-316(we ha)19(v)15(e pro)15(vided a conceptual frame)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.134 Tw
[(w)10(ork tha)-1(t describes assessment as the e)25(v)25(aluation of)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(the )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 301.6849 607.155 Tm
0 g
-0.02 Tc
[(ef)18(fecti)-1(v)1(eness)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 352.4975 607.155 Tm
0 g
-0.02 Tc
0.077 Tw
[(of social conte)15(xts in CSL for )-1(\322rear-)]TJ
-6.54975 -1.1607 TD
0.049 Tw
[(ranging what we ha)19(v)15(e al)10(w)10(ays kno)25(wn\323)-279(\(W)39(ittgenstein,)]TJ
T*
0.026 Tw
[(1953,)-257(p. 109\) to ill)1(umina)-1(te social processes. )18(Through)]TJ
T*
0.075 Tw
[(this rearranging,)-276(W)40(ittgenstein meant for us to see an)]TJ
0 -1.16069 TD
0.033 Tw
[(opening for doing things dif)25(fer)-1(ently)65(. He w)10(as interest-)]TJ
T*
0.267 Tw
(ed not only in the assumptions embedded in our)Tj
0 -1.1607 TD
0.074 Tw
[(\322common sense,)70-304(b)19(ut in the w)10(ays we go about )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 471.6145 537.5134 Tm
0 g
-0.02 Tc
(mak-)Tj
-18.46145 -1.16069 TD
(ing)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 302.291 525.9066 Tm
0 g
-0.02 Tc
0.081 Tw
[(sense in con)40(v)15(er)-1(sation with others. )18(Thus,)-312(it is not)]TJ
-1.5291 -1.1607 TD
-0.017 Tw
[(only the social order b)19(ut the ordering of the social that)]TJ
T*
0.104 Tw
(we assess for the purposes of making social change)Tj
0 -1.16069 TD
0.135 Tw
[(\(in the concrete for)-1(ms of roles,)-365(rules,)-365(identity prac)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(tices,)-255(abilities,)-255(and constraints\). )]TJ
0.9 -1.1607 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.084 Tw
[(CSL pro)15(vides a unique and important conte)14(xt for)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16069 TD
0.109 Tw
[(teaching and learning\321indeed,)-344(for citizenship\321for)]TJ
T*
-0.009 Tc
0.369 Tw
[(all in)40(v)20(olv)14(ed. )55(Although we posit that traditional)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.107 Tw
(assessment measur)Tj
7.43174 0 TD
(es in CSL ar)Tj
5.1109 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.77045 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(useful,)Tj
2.93006 0 TD
(sometimes)Tj
-16.24315 -1.1607 TD
0.012 Tw
[(the depth and ric)-1(hness of the e)15(xperience of CSL gets)]TJ
T*
0.143 Tw
(lost in a f)Tj
4.0134 0 TD
(ocus on outcomes. Our g)Tj
10.19724 0 TD
(oal has been to)Tj
-14.21064 -1.1607 TD
0 Tw
(complica)Tj
3.54504 0 TD
0.045 Tw
(te the anal)Tj
4.03401 0 TD
(ysis of community service learn-)Tj
-7.57905 -1.1607 TD
-0.007 Tw
[(ing through indi)25(vidual assessment measures by mo)14(v-)]TJ
0 -1.16069 TD
0.207 Tw
[(ing to)25(w)10(ar)-1(d an analysis of learning as it w)10(as con-)]TJ
T*
0.005 Tc
0.36 Tw
[(structed in social scenes. )30(W)80(e hope th)-1(e social)]TJ
0 Tc
(a)'
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ppr)Tj
1.28776 0 TD
(oac)Tj
1.3427 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.88834 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.169 Tw
(is useful in deter)Tj
6.87201 0 TD
(mining the w)Tj
5.42439 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ys mo)Tj
2.49538 0 TD
-0.03 Tc
0 Tw
[(ve)-15(-)]TJ
-19.16828 -1.16072 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.008 Tw
[(ment in and through the CSL process is ne)15(gotia)-1(ted\321)]TJ
0 -1.16069 TD
0.087 Tw
[(that is,)-322(in what ter)-1(ms and e)15(xperiences are tak)10(en up,)]TJ
0 Tc
(g)'
0.485 0 TD
(i)Tj
0.23793 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(en fur)Tj
2.29438 0 TD
(ther e)Tj
2.1684 0 TD
0 Tw
(xpr)Tj
1.28777 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ession,)-260(and/or left behind.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 376.5011 298.0184 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Notes)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
4.5 0 0 4.5 296 279.6427 Tm
0 g
(1)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 305 276.6115 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Gelmon,)Tj
3.75601 0 TD
0 Tc
(S)Tj
0.54091 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.62444 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Holland)Tj
3.11658 0 TD
[(,)-390(B.,)-389(Driscoll,)-335(A.,)-390(Spring,)-335(A,)-389(&)]TJ
-10.03794 -1.17856 TD
0.068 Tw
[(K)25(erring)5(an,)-304(S. (2001) pro)15(vide se)25(v)15(eral questions for assess)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.17855 TD
-0.015 Tw
[(ing an)15(y CSL project or partner)-1(ship:)-190(What will we look for?)]TJ
0 -1.17854 TD
0.149 Tw
[(What will we measure? Ho)25(w will it be measur)-1(ed? )55(And,)]TJ
0 -1.17855 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.70692 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(ho will pr)Tj
3.7882 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.4701 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(vide the informa)-1(tion? )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
4.5 0 0 4.5 296 223.0082 Tm
0 g
(2)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 305 219.9769 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.132 Tw
[(In contrast to,)-367(for e)15(xample)-1(,)-312(Astin\325)55(s (2000) systemic)]TJ
-2 -1.17855 TD
0 Tw
(focus. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
4.5 0 0 4.5 296 198.1943 Tm
0 g
(3)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 305 195.1631 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.06 Tw
(Actual impact her)Tj
7.02909 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.72426 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(is def)Tj
2.14416 0.00001 TD
(ined in ter)Tj
4.00994 0 TD
(ms of the c)Tj
4.43153 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(hang)Tj
1.88384 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
-22.22283 -1.17858 TD
-0.015 Tc
(tha)Tj
1.17668 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.55073 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.053 Tw
(students and comm)Tj
7.57149 0 TD
(unity members report and demon-)Tj
-9.2989 -1.17855 TD
0.025 Tw
[(strate in their interactions with each other)54(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
4.5 0 0 4.5 296 162.7735 Tm
0 g
(4)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 305 159.7423 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
-0.003 Tw
[(De)25(we)15(y felt that social action goals such as liber)-1(a)1(tion or)]TJ
-2 -1.17855 TD
0.025 Tw
[(freedom implied ends whic)-1(h ne)25(v)15(er could be fully realized.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 365.3188 130.3885 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(Refer)-1(ences)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 287 108.9817 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(Ar)Tj
1.0047 0.00001 TD
0.008 Tw
[(tz,)-233(L. (2001). Dialogue and social justice in service-learn-)]TJ
-0.0047 -1.17855 TD
0 Tw
(ing. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 312.1223 98.3747 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.139 Tw
[(The Southern Communication J)25(ournal)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 446.2217 98.3747 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 451.5183 98.3747 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(66)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 460.0684 98.3747 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
[((3),)-364(239-)]TJ
-18.22982 -1.17854 TD
(247.)Tj
-1 -1.57855 TD
0.16 Tw
[(Astin,)-360(A. W)92(. )-30((1993). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 364.0022 73.5609 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.19 Tw
[(Assessment for e)20(xcellence)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 455.0676 73.5609 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(.)Tj
0.63977 0 Td
(Phoenix,)Tj
-18.31395 -1.17856 TD
0.025 Tw
[(AZ:)-250(Oryx Pr)-1(ess.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 53)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
54 0 obj
<<
/Length 21189
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(54)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Cooks &)-250(Sharr)37(er)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 62 700.7092 Tm
0 g
-0.005 Tc
0.394 Tw
[(Astin,)-584(A.W)91(. (2000). Conceptualizing service-learning)]TJ
1 -1.20871 TD
0.499 Tw
[(research using K)25(en )30(W)40(ilber\325)54(s inte)15(gral frame)25(w)10(or)-1(k.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 678.9524 Tm
0 g
-0.006 Tc
0.356 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of Community Service Learning)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 668.074 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.025 Tw
[([Special Issue],)-250(98-104.)]TJ
-1 -1.60872 TD
0.177 Tw
[(Astin,)-437(A.W)92(.,)-443(V)129(ogelsg)5(ang,)-492(L.J.,)-492(Ik)9(eda,)-492(E.K.,)-492(& Y)100(ee)-1(,)-492(J)1(.A.)]TJ
1 -1.20872 TD
0 Tw
((2000). )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 98.3341 642.717 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.072 Tw
[(How service learning af)18(fects students:)-297(Executive)]TJ
-3.03712 -1.20871 TD
-0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(summary)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 103.675 631.8386 Tm
0 g
-0.0051 Tc
(.)Tj
1.22722 0 Td
-0.005 Tc
0.737 Tw
(Higher Education Research Institute,)Tj
-4.85778 -1.20871 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity of California,)-250(Los )55(Angeles.)]TJ
-1 -1.60872 TD
0.05 Tw
[(Astin,)-220(A.W)92(.,)-275(Sax,)-275(L. & )55(A)74(v)25(alos,)-275(M. (1999).)1( Ho)24(w under)18(grad-)]TJ
1 -1.20871 TD
0.257 Tw
[(uates are af)24(f)1(ected by service par)-1(ticipation. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 228.6891 595.6033 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.257 Tw
[(J)25(ournal of)]TJ
-17.52101 -1.20871 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Colle)40(g)9(e Student De)15(velopment)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 171.7593 584.7249 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 176.0345 584.7249 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(39)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 184.5846 584.7249 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
[((3),)-250(251-263.)]TJ
-13.62051 -1.60872 TD
0.2 Tw
[(Bo)10(yle-Baise,)-426(M. (1998). Community service learning for)]TJ
1 -1.20871 TD
0.14 Tw
[(multicultural )115(education:)-195(An )-263(e)15(xploratory study with pre-)]TJ
T*
0.367 Tw
[(service teacher)-1(s. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 135.268 548.4896 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.367 Tw
(Equity & Excellence in Education)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 263.7501 548.4896 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 537.6111 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(31)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 79.5501 537.6111 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
[((2),)-250(52-61.)]TJ
-1.95001 -1.60872 TD
-0.005 Tw
[(Bringle,)-221(R.G.,)-220(& Kremer)39(,)-220(J.F)80(. (1993). Ev)25(aluation of an inter-)]TJ
1 -1.20872 TD
0.101 Tw
[(generational service-learning project for under)17(gr)1(aduates.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 501.3759 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Educational Ger)45(ontolo)10(gy)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 157.2905 501.3759 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 161.5657 501.3759 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(19)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 170.1158 501.3759 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
[((5),)-250(407-416.)]TJ
-12.01287 -1.60872 TD
-0.019 Tc
(Bour)Tj
1.92377 0 TD
(dieu,)Tj
2.4767 0 TD
0.369 Tw
[(P)111(. (1977). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 143.3609 486.8974 Tm
0 g
-0.019 Tc
0.369 Tw
(Outline of a theor)Tj
7.90276 0 TD
-0.0191 Tc
(y)Tj
1.02487 0 Td
-0.019 Tc
(of pr)Tj
2.17587 0 TD
0 Tw
(actice)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 263.7513 486.8974 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
-21.41681 -1.20871 TD
-0.025 Tc
(Cambr)Tj
2.59647 0 TD
(idg)Tj
1.20284 0 TD
(e:)Tj
0.9217 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Cambridge Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity Press. )]TJ
-5.72101 -1.60873 TD
-0.004 Tw
[(Burr)40(,)-172(V)129(. (1995). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 116.5929 461.5405 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
-0.004 Tw
(Social constructionism)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 193.8469 461.5405 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(.)Tj
0.44637 0 Td
[(London:)-221(Routledge. )]TJ
-15.09603 -1.60871 TD
[(Cameron,)-265(M.,)-265(F)15(orsyth,)-210(A.,)-264(Gr)-1(een,)-234(W)91(.A.,)-264(Lu,)-265(H.,)-265(McGirr)40(,)-264(P)110(.,)]TJ
1 -1.20872 TD
0.01 Tw
[(Eubanks Owen,)-235(P)111(.,)-234(& Stoltz,)-235(R. (2001). Learning through)]TJ
0 -1.20871 TD
0 Tw
(service. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 99.18 425.3052 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.007 Tw
[(Colle)40(g)9(e T)92(eac)15(hing)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 157.9753 425.3052 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 162.2505 425.3052 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(49)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 170.8006 425.3052 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
[((3),)-250(105.)]TJ
-12.08895 -1.60871 TD
0.125 Tw
[(Cohen,)-350(J.,)-350(& Kinse)15(y)65(,)-350(D.F)80(. 1994. Doing good and scholar-)]TJ
1 -1.20872 TD
0.368 Tw
[(ship:)-539(A service-learning study)65(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 188.6957 399.9483 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.368 Tw
[(J)25(ournalism Educator)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 263.75 399.9483 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 389.0699 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(48)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 79.5501 389.0699 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
((4),)Tj
1.56556 0 TD
(4-14.)Tj
-3.51557 -1.60872 TD
0.067 Tw
[(Coles,)-292(R. (1993). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 123.7501 374.5915 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.067 Tw
(The call of service)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 187.5076 374.5915 Tm
0 g
-0.0251 Tc
(.)Tj
0.51683 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
-0.023 Tw
[(Ne)25(w Y)110(or)-1(k:)-292(Houghton)]TJ
-13.46212 -1.20872 TD
0 Tw
(Mif)Tj
1.39962 0 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.30778 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
(lin.)Tj
-2.7074 -1.60872 TD
0.038 Tw
[(Cooks,)-263(L. & Scharrer)40(,)-263(E. (2004).Rethinking learning in ser-)]TJ
1 -1.20871 TD
-0.029 Tw
(vice lear)Tj
3.15986 0 TD
0 Tw
(ning:)Tj
2.10886 0 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.50601 0 TD
(o)Tj
0.45011 0 TD
(w)Tj
0.68715 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
(ar)Tj
0.72663 0 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(d)Tj
0.67082 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.61481 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
(comm)Tj
2.39973 0 TD
(unica)Tj
2.04056 0 TD
-0.029 Tw
(tion model of lear)Tj
6.59929 0 TD
0 Tw
(ning)Tj
-19.96383 -1.20875 TD
-0.017 Tc
0.367 Tw
(in comm)Tj
3.77307 0 TD
(unity and c)Tj
4.98695 0 TD
-0.018 Tc
0 Tw
[(lassro)-1(o)-1(m)-1(.)-1( )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 188.5735 327.4777 Tm
0 g
-0.018 Tc
(Mic)Tj
1.48741 0 TD
-0.017 Tc
(hig)Tj
1.22569 0 TD
0.367 Tw
[(an J)25(ournal of)]TJ
-15.77682 -1.20872 TD
-0.025 Tc
0 Tw
(Comm)Tj
2.51087 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(unity Ser)Tj
3.38233 0 TD
(vice Lear)Tj
3.5481 0 TD
0 Tw
(ning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 171.0724 316.5993 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 175.3475 316.5993 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(10)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 183.8977 316.5993 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
((2),)Tj
1.56556 0 TD
(44-56.)Tj
-15.10975 -1.60872 TD
0.083 Tw
[(Cronen,)-259(V)129(. (1995). Practical theory and the tasks ahead for)]TJ
1 -1.20872 TD
-0.016 Tc
0.366 Tw
[(social approaches to communication. In )29(W)92(. Leeds-)]TJ
0 -1.20871 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.051 Tw
(Hurwitz (Ed.),)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 123.0222 280.364 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.051 Tw
[(Social appr)45(oac)15(hes to communication)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 252.43 280.364 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(\(pp.)Tj
-20.15889 -1.20871 TD
0.025 Tw
[(217-242\). Ne)25(w )90(Y)110(or)-1(k:)-250(Guilford Press.)]TJ
-1 -1.60873 TD
0.126 Tw
[(De)25(we)15(y)65(,)-351(J. (1922). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 126.8789 255.0071 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.126 Tw
[(Human natur)37(e and conduct)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 223.2748 255.0071 Tm
0 g
-0.0251 Tc
(.)Tj
0.57567 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
0.036 Tw
[(Ne)25(w Y)110(or)-1(k:)]TJ
-17.49509 -1.2087 TD
0 Tw
(Henr)Tj
1.89856 0 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(y)Tj
0.72488 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
(Holt.)Tj
-3.62344 -1.60873 TD
0.006 Tw
[(De)25(we)15(y)65(,)-231(J. (1925). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 123.6455 229.6502 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.006 Tw
[(Experience and natur)37(e)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 200.6655 229.6502 Tm
0 g
-0.0251 Tc
(.)Tj
0.45581 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
[(LaSalle,)-231(IL:)-231(Open)]TJ
-14.86308 -1.20871 TD
(Cour)Tj
1.89978 0.00001 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(t)Tj
0.50281 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
(Classics.)Tj
-3.40259 -1.60872 TD
-0.009 Tc
0.359 Tw
[(Dictionary)65(.com. (2006). http://dictionary)65(.ref)-1(erence.com/)]TJ
1 -1.20873 TD
-0.025 Tc
0 Tw
[(bro)25(wse/assessment.)]TJ
-1 -1.60871 TD
-0.018 Tw
[(Driscoll,)-153(A.,)-207(Holland,)-207(B.,)-208(Gelmon,)-207(S.,)-207(& K)25(er)-1(r)1(ig)4(an,)-207(S. (1996).)]TJ
1 -1.20871 TD
-0.005 Tc
1.205 Tw
[(An assessment model for service-lear)-1(ning:)]TJ
0 -1.20872 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.211 Tw
[(Comprehensi)25(v)15(e case studies of impact on f)9(aculty)65(,)-436(stu-)]TJ
T*
0.16 Tw
[(dents,)-385(community)65(,)-385(and institution. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 193.5413 146.3012 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.16 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of)]TJ
-13.6157 -1.20871 TD
0.025 Tw
(Community Service Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 171.0724 135.4228 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 175.3475 135.4228 Tm
0 g
(3)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 179.6226 135.4228 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
[(,)-250(66-71.)]TJ
-13.06918 -1.60873 TD
0.05 Tw
[(Dubinsk)15(y)65(,)-275(J.M. (2002). Service-learning as a path to virtue:)]TJ
1 -1.2087 TD
-0.005 Tc
0.525 Tw
(The ideal orator in professional communication.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 99.1875 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(Mic)Tj
1.4646 0 TD
0.067 Tw
[(higan J)25(ournal of Community Service Learning)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 245.0086 99.1875 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 249.6601 99.1875 Tm
0 g
(8)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 253.9352 99.1875 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
((2),)Tj
-20.3261 -1.2087 TD
(61-74.)Tj
-1 -1.6087 TD
0.015 Tw
[(Eyler)40(,)-241(J. & Giles,)-240(D. (1999). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 159.9376 73.8307 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.015 Tw
[(Wher)37<65D5>39(s the learning in service)]TJ
-9.882 -1.2087 TD
0 Tw
(learning?)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 106.2214 62.9522 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(San Francisco,)-250(CA:)-250(Josse)15(y-Bass. )]TJ
20.08651 70.86189 TD
0.213 Tw
[(Eyler)40(,)-439(J.S.,)-438(Giles,)-439(D.E.,)-438(Jr)54(.,)-438(Stenson,)-439(C.M.,)-438(& Gray)65(,)-439(C.J.)]TJ
1 -1.21626 TD
0 Tw
((2001). )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 323.6648 689.7629 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.108 Tw
[(At a glance:)-294(W)1(hat we know about the ef)17(f)1(ects of)]TJ
-3.07387 -1.21627 TD
0.073 Tw
[(service-learning on colle)40(g)9(e students,)-297(faculty)55(,)-298(institutions,)]TJ
0 -1.21626 TD
0.053 Tw
[(and communities,)-278(1993-2000)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 395.8316 667.8702 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.053 Tw
[(:)-260(Third edition. Corporation)]TJ
-11.0924 -1.21626 TD
0.106 Tw
[(for National Service Learn and Serv)15(e )55(Amer)-1(ica National)]TJ
-0.0252 Tc
(S)'
0.53077 0.00001 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.025 Tw
(ervice Learning Clearinghouse.)Tj
-1.53077 -1.61628 TD
0.1 Tw
[(Freire,)-325(P)111(. (1998). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 348.3998 631.4311 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.1 Tw
[(P)80(eda)10(go)9(gy of fr)37(eedom:)-325(Ethics,)-325(democr)15(acy)]TJ
-5.8222 -1.21626 TD
-0.012 Tw
[(and civic cour)15(a)10(g)9(e)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 356.119 620.4847 Tm
0 g
-0.0251 Tc
(.)Tj
0.43755 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
-0.012 Tw
[(Lanham,)-213(MD:)-213(Ro)25(wman and Littlef)20(ield)]TJ
-8.11744 -1.61627 TD
0.157 Tw
[(Fre)15(y)65(,)-382(L.,)-327(Artz,)-383(L.,)-382(Pollack,)-382(M.A.,)-382(& Pearce)-1(,)-352(W)92(.B. (1996).)]TJ
1 -1.21626 TD
-0.008 Tc
0.358 Tw
[(From medium and conte)14(xt to praxis and process:)]TJ
T*
-0.025 Tc
0.049 Tw
[(T)35(ransforming the under)18(graduate communication curricu-)]TJ
0 -1.21627 TD
0 Tw
(lum. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 313.6013 573.0992 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(W)92(orld Communication)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 390.9654 573.0992 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 395.2406 573.0992 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(25)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 403.7907 573.0992 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
[((2),)-250(79-90.)]TJ
-12.97674 -1.61626 TD
0.111 Tw
[(Gallini,)-336(S.M.,)-336(& Moely)65(,)-336(B.E. (2003). Service-learning and)]TJ
1 -1.21627 TD
-0.005 Tc
0.678 Tw
[(eng)5(agement,)-923(academic challenge,)-923(and retention.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 536.6601 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
-0.012 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of Community Service Learning)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 466.446 536.6601 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 470.385 536.6601 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(10)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 478.9351 536.6601 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
((1),)Tj
-20.32612 -1.21626 TD
(5-14.)Tj
-1 -1.61626 TD
[(Gelmon,)-411(S.B.,)-411(Holland,)-411(B.A.,)-411(Driscoll,)-356(A.,)-411(Spring,)-356(A.,)-411(&)]TJ
1 -1.21627 TD
0.041 Tw
[(K)25(errig)5(an,)-266(S. (2001). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 366.5761 500.2211 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.041 Tw
(Assessing service-learning and civic)Tj
-7.84179 -1.21627 TD
0.093 Tw
[(enga)10(g)9(ement:)-318(Principles and tec)15(hniques)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 432.0785 489.2747 Tm
0 g
-0.0251 Tc
(.)Tj
0.5428 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
[(Pro)15(vidence,)-318(RI:)]TJ
-15.66263 -1.21627 TD
0.025 Tw
(Campus Compact.)Tj
-1 -1.61627 TD
0.01 Tw
[(Ger)18(gen,)-235(M. & Ger)17(gen,)-235(K. J. (2003). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 410.6302 463.7819 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.01 Tw
(Social constructionism:)Tj
-12.73669 -1.21625 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(A)Tj
0.83578 0 Td
(r)Tj
0.32713 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
0 Tw
(eader)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 325.831 452.8356 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(.)Tj
0.47494 0 Td
(London:)Tj
3.4638 0 TD
(Sa)Tj
0.94977 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.47501 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
(e. )Tj
-9.67807 -1.61628 TD
0.083 Tw
[(Giles,)-308(D.E. Jr)54(.,)-308(& Eyler)40(,)-309(J)1(. (1994). )17(T)1(he impact of a colle)14(ge)]TJ
1 -1.21627 TD
-0.007 Tw
[(community service on students\325)-145(personal,)-218(social,)-219(and cog-)]TJ
0 -1.21626 TD
0.025 Tw
[(niti)25(v)15(e outcomes. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 354.0044 416.3965 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(J)25(ournal of )18(Adolescence)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 433.5884 416.3965 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 437.8635 416.3965 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(17)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 446.4136 416.3965 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
[(,)-250(327-339.)]TJ
-17.71262 -1.61627 TD
(Gir)Tj
1.25754 0 TD
0.011 Tw
[(oux,)-236(H. & Giroux,)-236(S. S. (2004). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 407.5377 401.8501 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.43912 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.011 Tw
[(ak)10(e bac)19(k higher educa-)]TJ
-12.8322 -1.21627 TD
0.051 Tw
[(tion:)-277(Race)10(,)-276(youth and the crisis of democr)15(acy in the post)]TJ
0 -1.21626 TD
0 Tw
(ci)Tj
0.67169 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(vil r)Tj
1.53847 0 TD
[(ights er)15(a)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 345.7039 379.9574 Tm
0 g
-0.0251 Tc
(.)Tj
0.47487 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
(Ne)Tj
1.09103 0 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(w)Tj
0.8571 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Y)110(ork:)-250(P)15(alg)-1(r)1(a)20(v)14(e MacMillan. )]TJ
-8.94565 -1.61628 TD
-0.022 Tw
[(Gof)25(fman,)-204(E. (1959). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 357.1587 365.411 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
-0.022 Tw
[(The pr)37(esentation of self in e)15(veryday lif)-1(e)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 488.75 365.411 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
-21.41667 -1.21627 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Anchor Books:)-250(Ne)25(w )89(Y)110(ork. )]TJ
-1 -1.61626 TD
0.146 Tw
[(Habermas,)-372(J. (1984). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 363.6951 339.9183 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.146 Tw
(The theory of communicative action)Tj
-7.52168 -1.21627 TD
-0.005 Tc
0.355 Tw
[(V)111(ol. 1. Reason and the r)15(ationalization of society)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 488.749 328.9719 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
-21.41656 -1.21627 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(T)35(ranslated by )18(T)74(. McCarth)5(y)65(. Beacon Press:)-250(Boston.)]TJ
-1 -1.61626 TD
0 Tw
(Hall,)Tj
2.26421 0 TD
0 Tc
(S)Tj
0.53092 0 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(.)Tj
0.64263 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
0.193 Tw
((1980). Cultur)Tj
5.5639 0 TD
[(al studies. )18(T)80(w)10(o paradigms. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 466.8848 303.4792 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(Media,)Tj
-18.9872 -1.21627 TD
(Cultur)Tj
2.42475 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(e)10(,)-250(and Society)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 365.2651 292.5328 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 369.5402 292.5328 Tm
0 g
(2)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 373.8153 292.5328 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.47501 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
(57-72. )Tj
-10.12116 -1.61626 TD
(Har)Tj
1.42356 0 TD
0.067 Tw
[(r\216,)-292(R. & Secord,)-291(P)111(. F)79(. (1972). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 403.5441 277.9864 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.53091 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.067 Tw
[(he e)20(xplanation of social)]TJ
-12.48026 -1.21626 TD
0 Tw
(behavior)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 326.1904 267.0402 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(.)Tj
0.4572 0 Td
0.025 Tw
[(T)80(oto)25(w)10(a,)-250(N.J:)-251(Littlef)20(ield,)-195(Adams & Co. )]TJ
-4.81169 -1.61627 TD
0.349 Tw
[(Hepb)20(ur)-1(n,)-574(M.A.,)-574(Niemi,)-575(R.G.,)-574(& Chapman,)-575(C. (2000).)]TJ
1 -1.21626 TD
0 Tw
(Ser)Tj
1.25754 0.00001 TD
0.052 Tw
[(vice learning in colle)15(ge political science:)-278(Queries and)]TJ
-1.25754 -1.21626 TD
0 Tw
[(commentary)65(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 343.6261 230.601 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.159 Tw
[(PS:)-384(P)80(olitical Science & P)80(olitics)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 455.6705 230.601 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 461.1502 230.601 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(33)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 469.7003 230.601 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
[(,)-384(617-)]TJ
-19.30003 -1.21627 TD
(622.)Tj
-1 -1.61626 TD
(Hunter)Tj
2.58661 0.00001 TD
0.119 Tw
[(,)-344(S.,)-345(& Brisbin,)-345(R.A. (2000). )18(The impact of service)]TJ
-1.58661 -1.21626 TD
0.225 Tw
[(learning on democratic and ci)25(vic v)25(alues. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 446.1569 194.1619 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
[(PS:)-450(P)80(olitical)]TJ
-16.6841 -1.21626 TD
0.025 Tw
(Science & P)Tj
4.63713 0 TD
0 Tw
(olitics)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 358.1564 183.2156 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 362.4315 183.2156 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(33)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 370.9816 183.2156 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.47502 0.00001 TD
-0.025 Tc
(623-626.)Tj
-9.80631 -1.61628 TD
(Ik)Tj
0.77301 0.00001 TD
0.008 Tw
[(eda,)-234(E.K. \(2000,)-178(April\). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 375.8606 168.6691 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(Ho)Tj
1.17193 0.00001 TD
(w)Tj
0.87539 0 Td
0.008 Tw
[(r)37(eflection enhances learning)]TJ
-10.92072 -1.21627 TD
0.012 Tw
(in ser)Tj
2.11179 -0.00001 TD
(vice lear)Tj
3.25727 -0.00001 TD
[(ning cour)10(ses.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 391.5452 157.7228 Tm
0 g
(P)Tj
0.51602 -0.00001 TD
(a)Tj
0.41886 -0.00001 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.012 Tw
(per presented at the annual)Tj
-11.55101 -1.21624 TD
-0.005 Tc
0.606 Tw
[(meeting of the )55(American Educa)-1(tional Research)]TJ
0 -1.21627 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Conference)-1(,)-250(Ne)25(w Orleans,)-250(LA.)]TJ
-0.78803 -1.61626 TD
-0.013 Tw
[(Le)25(vin,)-212(S.A. (2000). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 356.0657 121.2837 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
-0.013 Tw
[(Assessing service learning:)-194(Thr)37(ee meth)-1(-)]TJ
-6.67397 -1.21626 TD
0 Tw
(ods)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 307.8254 110.3373 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(.)Tj
0.42574 0 Td
-0.024 Tw
[(P)15(aper presented at the annual meeting of the National)]TJ
-1.73967 -1.21626 TD
-0.03 Tw
[(Communication Association,)-250(Sea)-1(ttle,)-220(W)120(A.)]TJ
-1 -1.61627 TD
-0.014 Tw
[(Litk)10(e,)-212(R.A. (2002). Do all students )1-1(et it?\323:)-211(Comparing stu-)]TJ
1 -1.21626 TD
-0.01 Tc
0.36 Tw
[(dents\325)-526(ref)-1(lections to course performance. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 457.2568 73.8982 Tm
0 g
-0.01 Tc
[(Mic)15(higan)]TJ
-17.91742 -1.21626 TD
0 Tc
(J)Tj
0.39396 0.00001 TD
-0.025 Tc
(our)Tj
1.31394 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(nal of Comm)Tj
4.94157 0.00001 TD
(unity Ser)Tj
3.38233 0.00001 TD
(vice Lear)Tj
3.54811 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 433.3198 62.9518 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 437.5949 62.9518 Tm
0 g
(8)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 441.87 62.9518 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
((2),)Tj
1.56556 0.00001 TD
(27-34.)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 54)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
55 0 obj
<<
/Length 12951
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(55)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 62 699.7092 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.021 Tw
[(Marchel,)-246(C.A. (2003). )17(T)1(he path to altr)-1(uism in service-learn-)]TJ
1 -1.18189 TD
-0.005 Tw
[(ing classes:)-220(Big steps or a dif)25(fer)-1(ent kind of a)15(wkw)10(ardness?)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 678.4351 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of Community Service Learning)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 243.1336 678.4351 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 247.4101 678.4351 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(10)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 255.9602 678.4351 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
((1))Tj
-20.55113 -1.18189 TD
(15-27.)Tj
-1 -1.5819 TD
-0.016 Tc
[(Moely)65(,)-601(B.E.,)-600(Mercer)39(,)-600(S.H.,)-600(Ilustre,)-551(V)129(.,)-600(Miron,)-600(D)-1(.,)-600(&)]TJ
1 -1.18189 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.054 Tw
[(McF)15(ar)-1(land,)-278(M. (2002). Psychometric proper)-1(ties and cor-)]TJ
0 -1.1819 TD
0.009 Tw
[(relates of ci)25(vic attitudes and skills questionnaire (CASQ):)]TJ
-0.0251 Tc
(A)'
0.99875 0.00001 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.077 Tw
[(measure of students\325)-228(attitudes related to service-learn-)]TJ
-0.99875 -1.18189 TD
0 Tw
(ing. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 87.0212 611.0128 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.127 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of Community Service Learning)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 263.75 611.0128 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 600.3757 Tm
0 g
(8)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 75.2751 600.3757 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
[((2),)-250(15-26.)]TJ
-1.47501 -1.58189 TD
0.232 Tw
[(Pearce,)-428(W)92(. B. & Cronen,)-408(V)129(. E. (1980). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 209.1808 586.1387 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(Communication,)Tj
-15.35342 -1.1819 TD
0.287 Tw
[(action and meaning:)-494(The cr)37(eation of social r)37(ealities)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 263.75 575.5016 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
-21.41667 -1.18189 TD
-0.025 Tc
-0.064 Tw
[(Prae)14(ger:)-250(Ne)25(w Y)110(ork.)]TJ
-0.67582 -1.58191 TD
0.099 Tw
[(Perry)65(,)-324(J.,)-324(& Katu)-1(la,)-324(M.C. (2001). Does service af)25(fect citi-)]TJ
0.67582 -1.18189 TD
0 Tw
(zenship? )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 102.9351 539.9905 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Administr)15(ation and Society)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 195.3852 539.9905 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 199.6604 539.9905 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(33)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 208.2105 539.9905 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
[(,)-250(330-333.)]TJ
-16.24561 -1.5819 TD
0.07 Tw
[(Roschelle,)-240(A.R.,)-278(T)45(urpin,)-295(J.,)-295(& Elias,)-295(R. (2000). )30(Who learns)]TJ
1 -1.1819 TD
0.254 Tw
[(from ser)-1(vice learning? )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 155.8762 515.1163 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.254 Tw
[(American Behavior)15(al Scientist)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 263.75 515.1163 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 504.4793 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(43)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 79.5501 504.4793 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
[((5),)-250(839-847.)]TJ
-1.95001 -1.5819 TD
0.088 Tw
[(Scharrer)39(,)-313(E. & Cooks,)-313(L. (2003). Media literac)15(y as a com-)]TJ
1 -1.18189 TD
0.002 Tw
(munity service learning project. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 180.3464 479.6052 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
-0.016 Tw
[(Communication T)92(eac)14(her)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 263.75 479.6052 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 468.9681 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(17)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 79.5501 468.9681 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
[((4),)-250(6-8.)]TJ
-1.95001 -1.58189 TD
0.133 Tw
[(Scharrer)39(,)-357(E. & Cooks,)-358(L. (in press). )55(Assessing learning in)]TJ
1 -1.1819 TD
0.267 Tw
[(community service learning:)-474(The Media Literac)14(y and)]TJ
0 Tc
(V)'
0.65711 0 TD
-0.005 Tc
0.482 Tw
(iolence Pr)Tj
4.45808 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.41396 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.48011 0 TD
-0.005 Tc
(ention Pr)Tj
4.07538 0 TD
0 Tw
(ogram. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 193.2764 433.4569 Tm
0 g
(J)Tj
0.41396 0 TD
-0.005 Tc
(our)Tj
1.37392 0 TD
0.482 Tw
(nal of Higher)Tj
-15.37414 -1.1819 TD
-0.025 Tc
0 Tw
(Educa)Tj
2.42972 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(tion Outr)Tj
3.45752 0 TD
0 Tw
(eac)Tj
1.29782 0 TD
(h)Tj
0.72498 0 Td
0.025 Tw
(and Eng)Tj
3.21092 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.46524 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.46523 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
0 Tw
(ement)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 199.8254 422.8199 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(.)Tj
-15.31393 -1.5819 TD
0.006 Tw
[(Steink)10(e,)-232(P)111(.,)-231(& Buresh,)-231(S. (2002). Cogniti)24(v)15(e outcomes of ser-)]TJ
1 -1.18189 TD
0.347 Tw
[(vice-learning:)-572(Re)24(vie)25(wing the past and glimpsing the)]TJ
0 -1.1819 TD
-0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(futur)Tj
1.91838 0 TD
(e. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 101.6038 387.3087 Tm
0 g
-0.005 Tc
(Mic)Tj
1.52457 0 TD
0.553 Tw
[(higan J)25(ournal of Community Ser)-1(vice)]TJ
-4.92499 -1.18189 TD
-0.025 Tc
0 Tw
(Lear)Tj
1.7887 0 TD
(ning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 102.199 376.6717 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 106.4741 376.6717 Tm
0 g
(8)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 110.7492 376.6717 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
((2),)Tj
1.56556 0 TD
(5-14.)Tj
-6.98213 -1.5819 TD
0.184 Tw
[(T)45(uck)10(er)39(,)-409(M.L.,)-409(McCarth)5(y)65(,)-354(A.M.,)-409(Ho)-1(xmeier)40(,)-409(J.A.,)-409(& Lenk,)]TJ
1 -1.18189 TD
0.375 Tw
(M.M. (1998). Comm)Tj
8.7406 0 TD
(unity service learning increases)Tj
-8.7406 -1.18191 TD
0.327 Tw
[(communication skills across the b)19(usiness curr)1(iculum.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 330.5234 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Business Comm)Tj
6.06019 0 TD
(unication Quarterly)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 193.2269 330.5234 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 197.502 330.5234 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(61)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 206.0521 330.5234 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
((2),)Tj
1.56557 0 TD
(88-100.)Tj
-17.57135 -1.58189 TD
0 Tc
(V)Tj
0.58609 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
(aldez,)Tj
2.44144 0 TD
0 Tc
(J)Tj
0.36392 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
(.)Tj
0.45697 0 Td
(N)Tj
0.697 0 TD
(.)Tj
0.45698 0 Td
(\(2001,)Tj
2.60997 0 TD
0 Tc
(A)Tj
0.69693 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
(ugust\). )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 162.043 316.2864 Tm
0 g
(J)Tj
0.39395 0 TD
-0.025 Tc
(our)Tj
1.31394 0 TD
0.007 Tw
(nal wr)Tj
2.4408 0 TD
(iting in m)Tj
3.59737 0 TD
0 Tw
(ulticultur)Tj
3.47199 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-21.33393 -1.18192 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.163 Tw
[(al counselor tr)15(aining)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 145.0654 305.6493 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(.)Tj
0.61275 0 Td
0.163 Tw
[(P)15(aper presented at the )55(American)]TJ
-8.84225 -1.18189 TD
0 Tw
(Psyc)Tj
1.7887 0.00001 TD
(holo)Tj
1.67786 0 TD
0.348 Tw
[(gical )55(Association confer)-1(ence,)-573(San Francisco,)]TJ
-3.46656 -1.18191 TD
0 Tw
(Calif)Tj
1.8743 0 TD
(ornia. )Tj
-2.8743 -1.5819 TD
0.163 Tw
[(W)40(ilber)40(,)-388(K. (1995). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 130.3769 270.1382 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.163 Tw
[(Se)20(x,)-388(ecolo)9(gy)55(,)-387(spirituality:)-371(T)1(he spirit of)]TJ
-6.59744 -1.1819 TD
0 Tw
[(e)15(volution)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 102.3322 259.5011 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(.)Tj
0.47491 0 Td
[(Boston:)-250(Shambhala. )]TJ
-4.95627 -1.5819 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.365 Tw
[(W)40(ilber)39(,)-600(K. (1998). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 137.5571 245.264 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.365 Tw
[(The marria)10(g)9(e of sense and soul:)]TJ
-7.39523 -1.18189 TD
-0.025 Tc
0.29 Tw
[(Inte)40(gr)15(ating science and r)36(eligion)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 186.5301 234.627 Tm
0 g
-0.0251 Tc
(.)Tj
0.74007 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
0.2 Tw
[(Ne)25(w Y)110(or)-1(k:)-515(Random)]TJ
-13.57675 -1.18189 TD
0 Tw
(House)Tj
2.42972 0.00001 TD
(.)Tj
-3.13276 -1.58189 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.87906 0.00001 TD
-0.025 Tc
(ittg)Tj
1.23352 0 TD
(enstein,)Tj
3.20907 0.00001 TD
0.102 Tw
(L. (2001). )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 150.4118 209.753 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.102 Tw
(Philosophical In)Tj
6.29974 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.41885 0.00001 TD
-0.025 Tc
0 Tw
(estig)Tj
1.76347 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.475 0.00001 TD
-0.025 Tc
(tions:)Tj
2.43631 0.00001 TD
(The)Tj
-20.2169 -1.18194 TD
(Ger)Tj
1.4797 0.00001 TD
0.075 Tw
(man te)Tj
2.59871 0.00001 TD
-0.0251 Tc
(xt)Tj
0.97165 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
[(with a r)37(e)15(vised English tr)15(anslation)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 232.886 199.1158 Tm
0 g
-0.0251 Tc
(.)Tj
0.52473 0 Td
-0.025 Tc
(Malden,)Tj
-18.51206 -1.18188 TD
0.025 Tw
[(MA:)-250(Blackwell Publishing.)]TJ
-1 -1.58191 TD
0.183 Tw
[(Y)100(ates,)-408(M.,)-408(& )90(Y)110(ouniss,)-408(J. (1998). Community service and)]TJ
1 -1.18189 TD
0.101 Tw
[(political identity de)25(v)15(elopment in adolescents. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 230.0896 163.6047 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
0.101 Tw
[(J)25(ournal of)]TJ
-17.67662 -1.18189 TD
0.025 Tw
(Social Issues)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 115.0366 152.9676 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 119.3117 152.9676 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
(54)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 127.8618 152.9676 Tm
0 g
-0.025 Tc
[(,)-250(495-512.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 146.7771 134.1906 Tm
0 g
(A)Tj
0.70692 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(uthor)Tj
2.0356 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(s)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 116.3536 Tm
0 g
-0.005 Tc
0.365 Tw
[(LED)40(A COOKS is associate pr)-1(ofessor in the)]TJ
-0.9 -1.0637 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.109 Tw
[(Department of Comm)-1(unication at the Uni)25(v)15(ersity of)]TJ
T*
0.003 Tw
(Massachusetts-Amherst. She teaches CSL courses in)Tj
T*
0.036 Tw
[(the areas of conflict,)-271(mediation,)-271(qualitati)24(v)15(e methods,)]TJ
T*
0.14 Tw
[(interracial and intercultural communica)-1(tion,)-375(among)]TJ
T*
-0.002 Tw
[(others. Her research interests center ar)-1(ound the study)]TJ
22.5 63.58421 TD
0.169 Tw
[(of identity)65(,)-404(comm)-1(unity)65(,)-404(culture and pedagogy)65(. Her)]TJ
0 -1.05 TD
-0.029 Tw
[(central CSL w)9(ork has been through a long-term com-)]TJ
0 Tc
(m)'
0.76283 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.284 Tw
[(unity partnership with colleague Er)-1(ica Scharrer)]TJ
-0.76283 -1.05001 TD
0.289 Tw
[(that brings together uni)24(v)15(ersity students and sixth)]TJ
0 -1.05 TD
-0.009 Tc
0.369 Tw
[(graders to participate in a Media Literac)14(y and)]TJ
0 Tc
(V)'
0.64711 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(iolence Pre)25(v)15(ention Project. )]TJ
0.25289 -1.05001 TD
0.143 Tw
[(ERICA SCHARRER is associate rof)-1(essor in the)]TJ
-0.9 -1.05 TD
0.109 Tw
[(Department of Comm)-1(unication at the Uni)25(v)15(ersity of)]TJ
T*
0.212 Tw
(Massachusetts-Amherst. She teaches and conducts)Tj
0 -1.05001 TD
0.004 Tw
[(research re)15(g)5(arding gender and violence in the media,)]TJ
T*
0.139 Tw
[(media literac)14(y)65(,)-374(and community service learning. In)]TJ
0 -1.05 TD
-0.002 Tw
[(addition to her w)10(or)-1(k with Leda Cooks on a CSL pro-)]TJ
T*
0.003 Tw
[(ject in which students teach a unit to promote cr)-1(itical)]TJ
0 -1.05001 TD
-0.027 Tw
[(thinking about media violence and interpersonal con)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.125 Tw
[(flict,)-360(she has just f)20(inished a co-authored book with)]TJ
0 -1.05 TD
0.16 Tw
[(Geor)18(ge Comstock,)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 364.956 541.5103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.16 Tw
[(Media and the )18(American Child)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 287 531.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(\(Else)25(vier/Academic Press\).)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 346.6311 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Assessing Learning:)-250(A Social )18(Appr)45(oac)14(h)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 55)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
56 0 obj
<<
/Length 12408
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(56)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61.9198 716.0527 Tm
0 g
-0.0003 Tc
(M)Tj
0.83272 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(ic)15(higan J)24(ournal of Community Service Learning)-19151(F)75(all 2006,)-275(pp. 56-65)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
14 0 0 14 71 431.7144 Tm
0 g
(C)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 80.8969 431.7144 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.019 Tw
[(ommunity-based research (CBR) is a signif)19(icant)]TJ
-1.88969 -1.15133 TD
0.134 Tw
[(part of the gro)25(wing community-eng)5(agement mo)14(v)15(e-)]TJ
T*
0.35 Tw
(ment in higher educa)Tj
9.1625 0 TD
(tion w)Tj
2.77755 0 TD
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.80277 0 TD
(ld)Tj
0.74783 0 TD
(wide)Tj
1.8836 0 TD
(.)Tj
0.81962 0 Td
0.35 Tw
(CBR is a)Tj
-16.19387 -1.15135 TD
0.053 Tw
[(research model in which f)10(aculty)64(,)-288(students,)-288(and com-)]TJ
0 -1.15132 TD
0 Tc
(m)Tj
0.76283 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.101 Tw
(unity par)Tj
3.54792 0 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.49445 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.7094 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.101 Tw
[(collaborate to address shar)-1(ed ques-)]TJ
-6.5146 -1.15134 TD
0.002 Tw
[(tions with research projects. In this model,)-238(CBR pro-)]TJ
0 -1.15133 TD
0.102 Tw
(vides a f)Tj
3.45547 0 TD
[(orum for the deepening of uni)24(v)15(ersity-com-)]TJ
-3.45547 -1.15134 TD
0 Tc
(m)Tj
0.78283 0 TD
0.005 Tc
0.477 Tw
[(unity partnerships through resear)-1(c)1(h. Strand)-1(,)]TJ
-0.78283 -1.15133 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.251 Tw
[(Marullo,)-487(Cutforth,)-487(Stoeck)10(er)39(,)-486(and Donohue (2003))]TJ
T*
0.169 Tw
[(describe three basic principles of CBR tha)-1(t distin-)]TJ
T*
-0.032 Tw
[(guish it from traditional social science resear)-1(c)1(h. Fir)-1(st,)]TJ
-0.0151 Tc
(CBR)'
2.39848 0 Td
(is)Tj
1.07956 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(colla)Tj
1.86867 0 TD
(bor)Tj
1.28777 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ti)Tj
0.50076 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
(e)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.6778 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.208 Tw
[(in)40(v)19(olving indi)25(viduals within)]TJ
-9.14084 -1.15134 TD
-0.01 Tw
(and outside of the academ)Tj
10.0242 0 TD
[(y)65(,)-225(and including communi-)]TJ
-10.0242 -1.15133 TD
0.053 Tw
(ty par)Tj
2.26766 0 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.49445 0 TD
0.053 Tw
[(s; this is not a scenario where the comm)-1(u-)]TJ
-3.76211 -1.15134 TD
-0.005 Tc
0.365 Tw
(nity ser)Tj
3.29669 0 TD
[(v)15(es as a \322la)-1<62D3>-610(for uni)25(v)15(ersity-sponsored)]TJ
-3.29669 -1.15134 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.183 Tw
[(esearch interests. Second,)-419(CBR v)25(alidates multiple)]TJ
-0.31776 -1.15132 TD
-0.025 Tw
[(sources of kno)25(wledge thr)-1(ough collecting and dissem-)]TJ
0 -1.15134 TD
0.247 Tw
[(inating di)25(v)15(er)-1(se types of informa)-1(tion. In this w)10(ay)65(,)]TJ
0 -1.15133 TD
0.008 Tw
[(CBR requires the collection of data fr)-1(om a v)25(ariety of)]TJ
T*
0.067 Tw
[(sources and shares f)19(indings in methods most appro-)]TJ
0 -1.15132 TD
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.80276 0.00001 TD
(ia)Tj
0.69169 0.00001 TD
0.073 Tw
(te to the r)Tj
3.85665 0 TD
0 Tw
(esear)Tj
1.97822 0 TD
0.073 Tw
[(ch project. )18(Third,)-308(CBR is change)]TJ
-7.32932 -1.15136 TD
0.089 Tw
(oriented and guided by social justice goals; CBR is)Tj
0 -1.15133 TD
0.048 Tw
[(not undertak)10(en to suppor)-1(t the status quo,)-283(b)20(ut to help)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(suppor)Tj
2.63168 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.65158 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.154 Tw
(the g)Tj
2.05042 0 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(o)25(wth of or)18(g)4(anizations or indi)25(viduals.)]TJ
-5.65144 -1.15134 TD
0 Tw
(Pr)Tj
0.85867 0.00001 TD
0.066 Tw
(ojects completed in this paradigm are designed to)Tj
-0.85867 -1.15134 TD
0 Tw
(ad)Tj
0.91385 0.00001 TD
0.083 Tw
[(dress an issue or need identif)19(ied by a community)]TJ
-0.91385 -1.15134 TD
0.181 Tw
[(partner or)17(g)5(anization or for a population serv)15(ed by)]TJ
0 -1.15133 TD
0.025 Tw
[(such an or)18(g)5(aniza)-1(tion. )]TJ
0.9 -1.1513 TD
-0.004 Tw
[(In the practice of CBR,)-232(students,)-231(f)10(aculty)65(,)-232(and com-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.1513 TD
0.22 Tw
(munity members collaborate on research with the)Tj
T*
0 Tw
(pur)Tj
1.2878 0 TD
0.139 Tw
(pose of ad)Tj
4.2373 0 TD
0 Tw
(dr)Tj
0.80277 0.00001 TD
0.139 Tw
(essing a pr)Tj
4.38904 0.00001 TD
(essing comm)Tj
5.22298 0.00001 TD
(unity pr)Tj
3.15739 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ob)Tj
0.97 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.0672 -1.1514 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.178 Tw
[(lem or ef)25(fecting social change. )18(The research topic)]TJ
0 -1.1513 TD
0.116 Tw
[(emanates from the community)64(,)-351(b)20(ut all participa)-1(ting)]TJ
22.5 36.8667 TD
0.172 Tw
[(project partner)-1(s \(e.g.,)-406(f)10(aculty)64(,)-406(students,)-407(community)]TJ
0 -1.15217 TD
-0.009 Tc
0.369 Tw
[(residents/or)18(g)5(anizations\) determine the focus and)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.265 Tw
[(scope of the research project,)-500(shape the r)-1(esearch)]TJ
T*
0.349 Tw
[(questions,)-584(and design the research methodology)65(.)]TJ
T*
0.037 Tw
[(The)15(y may also collaborate on collecting and analyz)-1(-)]TJ
T*
-0.012 Tw
[(ing data. Furthermor)-1(e)1(,)-223(all par)-1(tners are in)40(v)19(olv)15(ed in the)]TJ
0 -1.15218 TD
-0.027 Tw
[(dissemination of f)20(indings,)-209(which often tak)10(es a v)25(ar)-1(iety)]TJ
0 -1.15217 TD
0.03 Tw
[(of forms besides the standar)-1(d v)15(enue of publishing in)]TJ
T*
0.147 Tw
[(scholarly journals; the f)19(indings from CBR projects)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.96954 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.306 Tw
[(designed to pro)15(vide infor)-1(mation immediately)]TJ
-1.71615 -1.15218 TD
0 Tw
(usa)Tj
1.28777 0 TD
0 Tc
(b)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.213 Tw
(le to the comm)Tj
6.40116 0 TD
(unity par)Tj
3.66076 0 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.43951 0 TD
(.)Tj
0.66566 0 Td
[(Therefor)-1(e,)-448(CBR)]TJ
-13.93986 -1.15219 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.29799 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.365 Tw
(indings can be dissemina)Tj
10.76013 0 TD
(ted thr)Tj
2.84227 0 TD
(ough tr)Tj
3.12059 0 TD
0 Tw
(aditional)Tj
-17.02098 -1.15218 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ppr)Tj
1.28776 0 TD
0.111 Tw
[(oaches such as reports,)-346(b)19(ut also non-traditional)]TJ
-1.71661 -1.15218 TD
0.301 Tw
[(outlets such as community meetings,)-536(w)9(orkshops,)]TJ
T*
0.092 Tw
[(W)80(eb sites,)-327(pamphlets,)-328(ne)25(wsletters\321whate)24(v)15(er media)]TJ
0 -1.15217 TD
0.025 Tw
[(are most useful f)-1(or the partner)55(.)]TJ
0.9 -1.15217 TD
0.145 Tw
(In uni)Tj
2.39115 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(ersities and colle)14(ges in the United States,)]TJ
-3.76126 -1.15218 TD
0.223 Tw
(CBR is under)Tj
5.71132 -0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tak)Tj
1.16691 -0.00001 TD
0.223 Tw
[(en in man)15(y dif)25(fer)-1(ent institutional)]TJ
-6.87823 -1.15216 TD
0.051 Tw
[(forms,)-286(ranging from a solo practitioner on one cam-)]TJ
0 -1.15217 TD
0.156 Tw
[(pus to citywide and re)15(gional consortium structures)]TJ
T*
-0.032 Tw
[(that in)40(v)19(olv)15(e se)25(v)15(er)-1(al uni)25(v)15(ersities and community or)17(g)5(a-)]TJ
0 -1.15218 TD
0.023 Tw
[(nizations \(Strand,)-259(et al.,)-258(2003; Stoeck)10(er et al.,)-259(2003\).)]TJ
0 -1.15217 TD
0.031 Tw
[(The resulting CBR projects in)40(v)19(olv)15(e students in stud-)]TJ
T*
0.001 Tw
(ies tha)Tj
2.47826 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.49877 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(address man)14(y dif)25(ferent kinds of social issues,)]TJ
-2.97703 -1.15218 TD
-0.011 Tc
0.371 Tw
[(including discrimina)-1(tion in housing,)-610(inequity in)]TJ
0 -1.15217 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(sc)Tj
0.80276 0.00001 TD
(hools,)Tj
2.53721 0.00001 TD
-0.025 Tw
(the en)Tj
2.26118 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(vir)Tj
1.0656 0.00001 TD
-0.025 Tw
(onmental impact of local industr)Tj
12.41766 0 TD
0 Tw
(ies,)Tj
-19.08441 -1.15221 TD
0.033 Tw
(and the ef)Tj
3.8327 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(ecti)25(v)15(eness of comm)-1(unity change projects.)]TJ
-4.15046 -1.15218 TD
0.125 Tw
[(Students undertak)10(e these pr)-1(ojects through a v)25(ariety)]TJ
T*
0.227 Tw
[(of curricular conf)20(igurations,)-462(such as graduate and)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(under)Tj
2.18379 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
(r)Tj
0.31777 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(adua)Tj
1.82769 0.00001 TD
0.204 Tw
[(te classes,)-439(theses,)-439(independent studies,)]TJ
-4.81425 -1.1522 TD
0.025 Tw
[(seminars,)-260(and internships. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15216 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.173 Tw
(his pa)Tj
2.44362 0.00001 TD
(per descr)Tj
3.67402 0.00001 TD
(ibes a fr)Tj
3.43102 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ame)Tj
1.59563 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.69716 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(or)Tj
0.80276 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(k)Tj
0.89278 0 Td
(f)Tj
0.31801 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.173 Tw
(or managing)Tj
-15.35084 -1.15222 TD
0.054 Tw
[(the challenges of teaching CBR courses. )54(As instruc-)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
14 0 0 14 82.2736 675.2144 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(M)-1(a)-1(n)-1(a)1(ging the Challenges of )31(T)92(eac)1(hing Comm)1(unity-Based Resear)19(ch)]TJ
5.66116 -1.14286 TD
[(Cour)1(ses:)-259(Insights fr)19(om )31(T)74(w)10(o Instr)1(uctor)1(s)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 240.0517 625.0566 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(V)37(i)-1(c)1(ki B)1(. Stocking)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 244.4005 613.0567 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Duk)10(e Univer)9(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 246.7725 592.0567 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Nic)1(k Cutf)26(o)-1(r)1(t)-1(h)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 235.4977 580.0567 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Den)39(ver)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 88 549.0568 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.013 Tw
[(In community-based r)37(esear)36(c)15(h (CBR),)-222(faculty)55(,)-222(students,)-223(and community partner)10(s collabor)15(ate on r)36(esear)37(c)15(h pr)45(o-)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
-0.026 Tw
[(jects. )18(This emer)37(ging peda)9(go)10(gy pr)37(esents numer)45(ous c)14(halleng)10(es to instructor)10(s teac)14(hing CBR cour)10(ses,)-209(including:)]TJ
T*
0.035 Tw
[(f)20(inding a disciplinary connection,)-270(b)20(uilding CBR into the curriculum,)-270(ensuring student r)37(eadiness,)-270(and struc-)]TJ
T*
0.111 Tw
[(turing the CBR e)20(xper)-1(ience \(Str)15(and,)-346(Marullo,)-346(Cutfor)-1(th,)-346(Stoec)20(k)10(er)110(,)-346(& Donohue)10(,)-346(2003\). In this article)9(,)-346(these)]TJ
T*
0.007 Tw
[(c)15(halleng)10(es ar)37(e ad)-1(dr)37(essed by the instructor of a ne)15(w CBR cour)9(se for under)37(gr)15(aduates and the instructor of an)]TJ
T*
0.118 Tw
[(established cour)10(se f)-1(or gr)15(aduate students. )18(This discussion is intended to help pr)45(ospective or curr)37(ent CBR)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(instructor)10(s anticipa)-1(te and mana)10(g)10(e the c)15(halleng)9(es of their cour)10(ses. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 56)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
57 0 obj
<<
/Length 14749
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(57)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 301.1406 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Mana)10(ging the Challeng)9(es of )18(T)92(eac)15(hing CBR Cour)9(ses)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.102 Tw
[(tors\321the instructor for a ne)24(w CBR course at Duk)10(e)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
-0.011 Tc
0.37 Tw
[(Uni)25(v)14(ersity and an e)15(xperienced instructor a)-1(t the)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.264 Tw
[(Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity of Den)40(v)15(er\321we use this frame)24(w)10(ork to)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
0.061 Tw
[(compare our CBR courses. )30(W)79(e intend for this paper)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.114 Tw
[(to contrib)19(ute to the pedagogical content kno)25(wledge)]TJ
T*
-0.019 Tw
(associated with teaching CBR as well as to the schol-)Tj
T*
0.154 Tw
[(arship on f)9(aculty e)15(xperiences with service-learning)]TJ
T*
0.003 Tw
[(\(Driscoll,)-238(2000\) and other acti)25(vities within the sc)-1(hol-)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
0.025 Tw
[(arship of eng)4(a)1(gement \(W)79(ard,)-260(2002\). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 68.1158 588.9393 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(The Benef)20(its of Community-Based Research)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 570.2155 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.237 Tw
[(CBR is a pedagogy with potentially signif)19(icant)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15239 TD
0.048 Tw
[(outcomes for students,)-283(f)10(aculty)65(,)-283(and community part-)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
-0.011 Tc
0.371 Tw
[(ners. P)15(ar)-1(ticipants in the annual meeting of the)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.356 Tw
[(Council on Under)18(graduate Research described a)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
0.11 Tw
[(wide range of CBR benef)19(its for students,)-345(including)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
-0.02 Tw
[(academic,)-215(social,)-215(and personal outcomes \(Council on)]TJ
T*
0.367 Tw
[(Under)18(graduate Research,)-603(2004\). Students benef)20(it)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
0.071 Tw
[(from CBR by lear)-1(ning ho)25(w to use research skills to)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0 Tw
(ad)Tj
0.91385 0 TD
(dr)Tj
0.80276 0 TD
0.004 Tw
[(ess community-identif)20(ied needs,)-240(as well as v)25(alu-)]TJ
-1.71661 -1.15239 TD
0.161 Tw
[(able informa)-1(tion about the lar)18(ger conte)15(xtual issues)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.088 Tw
[(surrounding these community needs. CBR pro)15(vides)]TJ
T*
-0.008 Tw
(students with oppor)Tj
7.58579 0 TD
(tunities to de)Tj
4.91396 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(elop r)Tj
2.20599 0 TD
0 Tw
(esear)Tj
1.97823 0 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42884 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.71138 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(pr)Tj
0.80293 0 TD
(od)Tj
0.97 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06723 -1.1524 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.162 Tw
[(ucts that further the w)9(ork of community or)18(g)5(aniza)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
-0.024 Tw
(tions tha)Tj
3.25681 0 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(t)Tj
0.47315 0 Td
(r)Tj
0.318 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(equest this assistance)Tj
8.11793 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.44542 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(In addition,)-211(students)]TJ
-12.61131 -1.15239 TD
0.059 Tw
[(g)5(ain skills in teamw)10(or)-1(k,)-293(pr)-1(oblem-solving,)-294(and inter-)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.226 Tw
[(personal rela)-1(tionships\321skills that will serv)15(e them)]TJ
T*
0.061 Tw
[(well in an increasingly comple)15(x society)64(. CBR is the)]TJ
T*
-0.008 Tw
[(kind of academic e)15(xperience that can sha)-1(pe students\325)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(moti)Tj
1.7486 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.46009 0 TD
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.228 Tw
[(tions,)-463(goals,)-464(and future academic and ci)25(vic)]TJ
-2.63754 -1.15239 TD
0.063 Tw
[(acti)25(vities. Students who complete CBR pr)-1(ojects fre-)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.032 Tw
[(quently deepen their connection to community w)9(ork)]TJ
T*
0.121 Tw
(and broader social justice issues through additional)Tj
T*
-0.007 Tc
0 Tw
(cour)Tj
1.74969 0 TD
(se)Tj
0.79441 0 TD
0.367 Tw
[(w)10(or)-1(k or emplo)10(yment \(K)35(o)24(w)10(ale)25(wski,)-610(2003;)]TJ
-2.5441 -1.1524 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.88905 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(illis,)Tj
1.92025 0 TD
0 Tc
(P)Tj
0.54091 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(er)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
(esie)Tj
1.49445 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.46522 0 TD
(W)Tj
0.84901 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(aldref)-1(,)-260(& Stockmann,)-260(2003\). )]TJ
-6.0055 -1.1524 TD
0 Tc
(F)Tj
0.52602 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.009 Tw
[(aculty outcomes related to teaching CBR ar)-1(e also)]TJ
-1.42602 -1.15239 TD
0 Tw
(note)Tj
1.63678 0 TD
0.22 Tw
[(w)10(orth)4(y)65(. CBR pro)15(vides the unique opportunity)]TJ
-1.63678 -1.15238 TD
0.191 Tw
[(for f)10(aculty to inte)15(grate the research,)-427(teaching,)-426(and)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(ser)Tj
1.12053 0.00001 TD
0.148 Tw
(vice acti)Tj
3.34721 0.00001 TD
[(vities e)15(xpected and v)25(alued in uni)24(v)15(ersity)]TJ
-4.46774 -1.15239 TD
0 Tw
(settings. )Tj
3.50909 0.00001 TD
0.122 Tw
[(This inte)15(gration is increasingly recognized)]TJ
-3.50909 -1.15239 TD
0.032 Tw
[(as a criterion f)-1(or promotion and tenure related to the)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.003 Tw
[(scholarship of eng)4(a)1(gement \(W)79(ard,)-238(2002\). )55(Also,)-238(CBR)]TJ
T*
-0.016 Tw
[(of)25(fer)-1(s f)10(aculty a chance to use their research skills and)]TJ
T*
0.067 Tw
[(scholarly kno)25(wledge in pr)-1(ojects that directly benef)20(it)]TJ
T*
0.099 Tw
[(community partners and ther)-1(efore ha)19(v)15(e an immedi-)]TJ
T*
-0.023 Tw
[(ate,)-212(r)1(ele)24(v)25(ant impact \(Chapdelaine & Chapman,)-212(1999;)]TJ
T*
0.005 Tc
0.653 Tw
[(Council on Under)18(graduate Research,)-908(2004\).)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.107 Tw
[(Furthermor)-1(e)1(,)-342(because CBR includes the element of)]TJ
0 Tc
(r)'
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(esear)Tj
1.97823 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.69005 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.03 Tw
(missing fr)Tj
3.84734 0.00001 TD
(om the dir)Tj
3.90064 0.00001 TD
(ect ser)Tj
2.44632 0.00001 TD
(vice model of tr)Tj
6.0292 0 TD
0 Tw
(a-)Tj
-19.63839 -1.15242 TD
0.085 Tw
(ditional ser)Tj
4.3755 0 TD
0 Tw
(vice-lear)Tj
3.36159 0.00001 TD
0.085 Tw
[(ning,)-320(this practice has a le)25(v)15(el of)]TJ
-7.73709 -1.15239 TD
0.058 Tw
[(credibility impor)-1(tant for f)10(aculty in some disciplines.)]TJ
0 Tc
(F)'
0.5516 0 TD
-0.004 Tc
0 Tw
(inall)Tj
1.7558 0 TD
0 Tc
(y)Tj
0.4308 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.8557 0 TD
-0.004 Tc
0.364 Tw
(CBR can complement more traditional)Tj
-3.5938 -1.1524 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.043 Tw
[(research agendas by of)25(fering a conte)15(xt f)-1(or the appli-)]TJ
T*
0.065 Tw
[(cation of f)9(aculty skills and kno)25(wledge through part-)]TJ
T*
0.155 Tw
[(nership with a community agenc)14(y \(Chapdelaine &)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(Chapman\).)Tj
23.4 63.68421 TD
0.19 Tw
[(Community partners benef)19(it from CBR as well.)]TJ
-0.9 -1.17091 TD
0.09 Tw
[(Capacity b)20(uilding f)-1(or community partners is one of)]TJ
T*
0.031 Tw
(the inherent goals of CBR. Because service-learning)Tj
0 -1.17092 TD
0.216 Tw
(is designed to meet needs of community partners)Tj
-0.0153 Tc
(\()'
0.31767 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.056 Tw
[(Pol)-1(yani & Cockb)20(urn,)-291(2003\),)-291(CBR has the potential)]TJ
-0.31767 -1.17091 TD
-0.023 Tw
[(to enhance the capacity of those partners be)14(yond pro-)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
0.073 Tw
[(viding direct service. Resear)-1(c)1(h products suc)-1(h as the)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
-0.025 Tw
[(ones described in this paper pro)15(vide comm)-1(unity part)1(-)]TJ
0 -1.17093 TD
0.227 Tw
[(ners with data to de)25(v)14(elop and e)25(v)25(aluate programs,)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
-0.032 Tw
[(support their cases for grants and public funding,)-204(par-)]TJ
0 -1.17093 TD
0.217 Tw
[(ticipate in political debates,)-453(or bring about polic)15(y)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0 Tw
(changes.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 330.0793 552.1437 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Pedagogical Challenges of )Tj
-0.39045 -1.21901 TD
(Community-Based Research)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 519.8255 Tm
0 g
-0.013 Tc
-0.025 Tw
[(As CBR classes become more widely a)19(v)25(aila)-1(ble for)]TJ
-0.9 -1.17091 TD
0.023 Tw
[(under)18(g)-1(raduate and gr)-1(aduate students,)-260(se)24(v)15(er)-1(al f)10(aculty)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
0.082 Tw
[(\(e.g.,)-320(Chapdelaine & Chapman,)-319(1999; K)35(o)24(w)9(ale)25(wski,)]TJ
T*
0.076 Tw
(2004; P)Tj
3.0719 0 TD
[(oly)-1(ani & Cockb)20(urn,)-313(2003; Root & )17(Thorme)-1(,)]TJ
-3.0719 -1.17092 TD
0.029 Tw
[(2001; Strand et al.,)-266(2003\) and stude)-1(n)1(t)-1(s \()1(W)39(illis et al.,)]TJ
T*
-0.001 Tc
0.364 Tw
[(2003\) in)40(v)20(olv)14(ed in CBR ha)20(v)15(e pro)15(vided helpful)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
-0.013 Tc
0.148 Tw
[(accounts of their ef)25(f)-1(orts to guide ne)25(w courses and)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
0.083 Tw
[(pro)-1(gr)-1(ams. F)15(or e)15(xample,)-321(Chapdelaine and Cha)-1(pman)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.346 Tw
(described instituting a CBR component in their)Tj
0 -1.17092 TD
0.253 Tw
[(team-taught psycholog)-1(y research methods cour)-1(se.)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59834 0 TD
-0.013 Tc
0.008 Tw
[(hese authors described the essential mentoring r)-1(ole)]TJ
-0.59834 -1.17093 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.3105 0 TD
-0.013 Tc
-0.01 Tw
(aculty pla)Tj
3.78039 0 TD
-0.0126 Tc
(y)Tj
0.71508 0 Td
-0.013 Tc
[(for CBR students and the crea)-1(ti)25(v)14(e use of)]TJ
-4.80597 -1.17093 TD
0 Tw
(teac)Tj
1.55939 0 TD
0.007 Tw
(hing assistants to ser)Tj
7.99405 0 TD
[(v)14(e as \322test\323)-244(subjects f)-1(or stu-)]TJ
-9.55344 -1.17092 TD
0.116 Tw
[(dents learning to conduct phone surv)14(e)15(ys. Root and)]TJ
T*
0.225 Tw
[(Thorme descr)-1(ibed the e)25(v)19(olution of a community-)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.146 Tw
[(based service-learning statistics cour)-1(se and recom-)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
0.283 Tw
[(mended that prof)-1(essors and e)15(xperienced students)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.024 Tw
[(w)9(ork together to cr)-1(eate ne)25(w resear)-1(ch projects with a)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
-0.01 Tw
[(community partner)54(. Based on their CBR e)15(xperiences)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.142 Tw
(as under)Tj
3.38384 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.4875 0 TD
(r)Tj
0.32027 0 TD
-0.013 Tc
[(aduates,)-350(W)39(illis et al. described the chal-)]TJ
-4.19161 -1.17093 TD
0.054 Tw
(lenges for students of conducting CBR projects and)Tj
0 -1.17092 TD
0.01 Tw
[(outlined the necessary conditions for successful pro)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.079 Tw
[(jects,)-317(such as estab)-1(lishing clear goals,)-317(realistic time)]TJ
0 -1.1709 TD
0 Tw
(fr)Tj
0.64053 0.00001 TD
(ames,)Tj
2.65955 0.00001 TD
0.18 Tw
[(and clear support systems. Man)15(y of these)]TJ
-3.30008 -1.17094 TD
0.007 Tw
[(comments wer)-1(e echoed by participants in the annual)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.164 Tw
(Council f)Tj
3.80092 0.00001 TD
[(or Under)18(g)-1(raduate Researc)-1(h national con-)]TJ
-3.80092 -1.17093 TD
0.025 Tw
[(fer)-1(ence (2004). )]TJ
0.9 -1.17091 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.164 Tw
[(Strand et al. (2003) describe f)-1(our types of chal-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.17093 TD
0.176 Tw
[(lenges f)10(ac)-1(ed)1( b)-1(y instructors teaching CBR courses.)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.049 Tw
[(The f)20(ir)-1(st,)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 325.287 180.2601 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.049 Tw
[(f)20(inding a disciplinary connection)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 454.0953 180.2601 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-284(pr)-1(esents)]TJ
-16.70953 -1.17092 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(a)Tj
0.84615 0 Td
(c)Tj
0.429 -0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(halleng)Tj
2.83837 -0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(e)Tj
0.84607 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.182 Tw
[(for f)9(aculty because CBR is inherently)]TJ
-4.95959 -1.1709 TD
0.049 Tw
[(interdisciplinary)65(. In CBR courses,)-284(students\325)-210(research)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
0.229 Tw
(skills ar)Tj
3.2323 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.89321 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(enhanced b)Tj
4.60474 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.9492 0 Td
(e)Tj
0.4141 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(xposur)Tj
2.63169 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.89321 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.229 Tw
(to the v)Tj
3.31331 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
0.229 Tw
(iety of)Tj
-17.67837 -1.17095 TD
0.018 Tw
(research methods applied to issues named by a com-)Tj
0 -1.17092 TD
0 Tc
(m)Tj
0.76283 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.178 Tw
(unity par)Tj
3.62557 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.43952 0.00001 TD
(.)Tj
0.64824 0 Td
(Ho)Tj
1.16708 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.70693 0.00001 TD
(e)Tj
0.40394 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.178 Tw
[(er)39(,)-413(students may not g)5(ain a)]TJ
-9.22421 -1.17096 TD
0.005 Tc
0.409 Tw
(thorough understanding of the methodological)Tj
0 -1.17091 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(under)Tj
2.20161 0.00001 TD
-0.004 Tw
(pinnings of the specif)Tj
8.27392 0.00001 TD
(ic disciplines. )Tj
5.48235 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(he second)Tj
-16.55372 -1.17095 TD
0.236 Tw
[(challenge f)10(aced by instr)-1(uctors of CBR courses is)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 287 74.8777 Tm
0 g
(b)Tj
0.46522 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.003 Tw
(uilding CBR into the cur)Tj
9.45923 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.37392 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(iculum)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 416.2981 74.8777 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.46661 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.003 Tw
(Because CBR can)Tj
-13.39643 -1.17091 TD
0.361 Tw
(be time-consuming compar)Tj
11.30174 0.00001 TD
(ed to other f)Tj
5.74546 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.80277 0.00001 TD
0.361 Tw
(ms of)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 57)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
58 0 obj
<<
/Length 15725
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(58)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Stoc)20(king and Cutforth)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.325 Tw
[(course-based research,)-560(students and f)10(aculty m)-1(ust)]TJ
0 -1.15294 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(d)Tj
0.48485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.159 Tw
[(e)25(v)15(elop crea)-1(ti)25(v)15(e w)9(ays of f)20(itting CBR projects into)]TJ
-0.48485 -1.15294 TD
0.102 Tw
[(the curriculum,)-337(which is restr)-1(icted by the academic)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
[(calendar)55(. )]TJ
1.28639 -1.15293 TD
0.169 Tw
(The third challenge,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 159.5321 653.8928 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.169 Tw
[(ensuring student r)37(eadiness)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 642.3634 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.356 Tw
[(for the comple)15(x set of tasks in)40(v)20(olv)14(ed in CBR,)]TJ
0 -1.15294 TD
0.143 Tw
[(in)40(v)19(olv)15(es a v)25(ariety of concer)-1(ns. Students must ha)20(v)15(e)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 619.3046 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.009 Tw
(some familiarity with and sensitivity to the communi-)Tj
0 -1.15294 TD
0 Tw
(ty)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 73.365 607.7753 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.21 Tw
[(re)15(g)5(arding issues such as language,)-445(culture,)-445(and)]TJ
-1.1365 -1.15294 TD
0.061 Tw
[(beha)20(vioral e)14(xpectations. )18(This is particularly rele)24(v)25(ant)]TJ
T*
0.016 Tw
[(when the students dif)25(fer in signif)20(icant w)9(a)1(ys fr)-1(om the)]TJ
0 -1.15293 TD
0.113 Tw
[(community)65(,)-348(as in terms of ethnicity or social class.)]TJ
0 -1.15294 TD
0.204 Tw
[(Also,)-439(students m)-1(ust ha)20(v)15(e an )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 182.0922 561.6578 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.204 Tw
[(under)10(standing of the)]TJ
-12.00922 -1.15294 TD
0.333 Tw
(principles of CBR)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 137.7647 550.1284 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.333 Tw
[(,)-568(which dif)25(fer from traditional)]TJ
-7.57647 -1.15294 TD
0.221 Tw
[(research in some w)10(ays and may be unf)10(amiliar to)]TJ
0 -1.15293 TD
0.145 Tw
[(man)15(y students. Further)-1(more,)-379(students\325)-306(participation)]TJ
0 -1.15294 TD
0.019 Tw
(in CBR is enhanced by )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 154.3402 515.5403 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.019 Tw
[(substantive knowledg)10(e of the)]TJ
-9.23402 -1.15294 TD
0 Tw
(issues)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 88.0569 504.0109 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.072 Tw
[(in)40(v)19(olv)15(ed in the issue to be addressed through)]TJ
-2.60569 -1.15294 TD
0.151 Tw
[(CBR \(e.g.,)-387(homelessness,)-386(literac)14(y\). )55(A fourth set of)]TJ
T*
0.299 Tw
(challenges for instructors is )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 182.1802 480.9522 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.299 Tw
(structuring the CBR)Tj
-12.01802 -1.15294 TD
0 Tw
[(e)20(xperience)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 103.6006 469.4228 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.47805 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.008 Tw
(Instructors must grapple with )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 224.1761 469.4228 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(sc)15(heduling)]TJ
-16.21761 -1.15294 TD
0.246 Tw
(and time constr)Tj
6.47346 0 TD
0 Tw
(aints)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 145.4304 457.8934 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.71608 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.246 Tw
(CBR is dif)Tj
4.59594 0 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.29799 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(icult to mana)Tj
5.5181 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
(e)Tj
-19.95615 -1.15295 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.09 Tw
(within the academic calendar and dur)Tj
14.87643 0 TD
(ing the )Tj
3.06025 0 TD
0 Tw
[(\322re)15(gu-)]TJ
-17.93668 -1.15294 TD
0.201 Tw
[(lar\323)-436(uni)24(v)15(ersity hours. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 151.3796 434.8347 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.201 Tw
[(Mana)10(ging the class pr)44(ojects)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 423.3053 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.073 Tw
[(includes the tasks of k)10(ee)-1(ping the project going on a)]TJ
0 -1.15294 TD
0 Tw
(da)Tj
0.91385 0 TD
(y-to-da)Tj
2.78221 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.75029 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(basis,)Tj
2.42509 0 TD
(suc)Tj
1.28776 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.75023 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.03 Tw
[(as distrib)19(ution of w)10(ork on the)]TJ
-8.90943 -1.15294 TD
0.005 Tc
0.531 Tw
[(team and identif)20(ica)-1(tion of appropriate roles.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 388.7172 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(T)55(r)45(oubleshooting)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 129.7669 388.7172 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.255 Tw
[(CBR projects requires signif)19(icant)]TJ
-6.77669 -1.15294 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.163 Tw
(ttention on the par)Tj
7.50597 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.66029 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(of the instr)Tj
4.47683 0 TD
(uctor due to com)Tj
6.99531 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06725 -1.15296 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.226 Tw
[(ple)15(xity of CBR projects. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 167.406 365.6584 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.226 Tw
(Evaluating students)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 250.5832 365.6584 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.226 Tw
(is a)Tj
-18.85832 -1.15293 TD
0.003 Tw
(challenge due to the interdisciplinary nature of CBR,)Tj
0 -1.15294 TD
0.176 Tw
[(the di)25(v)15(er)-1(se arra)1(y of tasks tha)-1(t students must com-)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(plete)Tj
1.86836 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.495 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(and the emer)Tj
5.01601 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ent na)Tj
2.35053 0 TD
0 Tw
(tur)Tj
1.0656 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.6888 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(of these projects. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 111.4911 312.1843 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(The Current Discussion )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 293.4549 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.019 Tw
[(Gi)25(v)15(en the m)-1(ultiple challenges inherent in teaching)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15294 TD
0.153 Tw
[(CBR courses,)-388(this paper pro)15(vides a compar)-1(ison of)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(tw)Tj
0.95999 0.00001 TD
(o)Tj
0.74512 0 Td
0.025 Tw
[(CBR courses\321a ne)25(w course for under)17(graduates)]TJ
-1.70511 -1.15293 TD
0.242 Tw
[(at Duk)10(e Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity and an established course for)]TJ
0 -1.15295 TD
0.222 Tw
[(graduate students at the Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity of Den)40(v)15(er)54(. )55(As)]TJ
0 -1.15294 TD
0 Tw
(instr)Tj
1.70235 0.00001 TD
(uctor)Tj
1.97944 0.00001 TD
(s,)Tj
0.82483 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.70693 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.64465 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(descr)Tj
2.03448 0.00001 TD
-0.019 Tw
[(ibe these challenges and ho)25(w we)]TJ
-7.89268 -1.15297 TD
0.06 Tw
[(address them within the conte)14(xt of our courses. Our)]TJ
0 -1.15293 TD
0.014 Tw
[(intention is that this discussion may help prospecti)24(v)15(e)]TJ
0 -1.15294 TD
0.019 Tw
(or current CBR instructors manage the challenges of)Tj
T*
-0.022 Tw
[(their courses so that students produce usable r)-1(esearch)]TJ
0 -1.15293 TD
0.172 Tw
(for the community while simultaneously acquiring)Tj
0 -1.15294 TD
0.173 Tw
[(kno)25(wledge,)-408(skills,)-409(and v)25(alues that will mak)10(e them)]TJ
0 -1.15293 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ef)25(fecti)24(v)15(e citizens and agents of social change. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 119.287 136.2164 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Course Comparisons)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 116.4861 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.4669 0 TD
(w)Tj
0.652 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(o)Tj
0.7449 0 Td
0.025 Tw
(CBR Cour)Tj
4.08991 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ses)Tj
-5.0538 -1.873 TD
-0.011 Tc
(Duk)Tj
1.6244 0 TD
-0.0106 Tc
(e)Tj
1.0433 0 Td
-0.011 Tc
(Uni)Tj
1.4682 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4333 0 TD
-0.011 Tc
(er)Tj
0.80196 0.00001 TD
0.371 Tw
[(sity)55(. Education 153:)-610(Resear)36(c)15(h in)]TJ
-6.2713 -1.153 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Service-Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 129.0142 86.2272 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
0.42399 0 Td
-0.028 Tw
[(This course w)10(as f)19(irst of)25(fered in f)9(all)]TJ
-7.1254 -1.1529 TD
0.244 Tw
[(2003. )18(This instructor teaches service-lear)-1(ning and)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.4395 0 TD
0.238 Tw
(unity-based r)Tj
5.29064 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(esear)Tj
1.97822 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.95766 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.238 Tw
[(courses to under)18(gradu-)]TJ
11.40512 63.68415 TD
0.355 Tw
(ates through the Program in Education and the)Tj
0 -1.15789 TD
0.131 Tw
[(Department of Psyc)-1(hology and advises f)10(aculty and)]TJ
T*
0.195 Tw
(students on service-learning and community-based)Tj
0 -1.1579 TD
0.173 Tw
[(research projects and courses. )18(The Duk)10(e cour)-1(se is)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.075 Tw
(sponsored by Project HOPE \(Holistic Opportunities)Tj
0 -1.1579 TD
0.005 Tc
0.384 Tw
[(Plan for Enric)-1(hment\),)-639(funded by the K)25(ellogg)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.697 Tw
[(F)15(oundation. Project HOPE,)-952(thr)-1(ough Duk)10<65D5>55(s)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.219 Tw
[(Neighborhood P)15(ar)-1(tnership,)-454(pro)15(vides programs and)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.037 Tw
[(services to children in the Durham comm)-1(unity)65(,)-272(such)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.019 Tw
[(as educational assessment and after)20(-sc)-1(hool program-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.108 Tw
[(ming. )55(A selected group of under)18(graduates spends a)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.023 Tw
[(summer as interns in a community or)17(g)5(anization,)-258(and)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.013 Tc
0.373 Tw
[(follo)25(ws that internship with a f)10(all CBR course)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.084 Tw
[(designed to pro)15(vide a research-based product to the)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.02 Tw
[(community partners tha)-1(t hosted them. )18(The benef)20(it of)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.011 Tw
[(this model is that the course participants ha)19(v)15(e had an)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.165 Tw
[(intense internship e)15(xperience with their CBR par)-1(t)1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.097 Tw
[(ners befor)-1(e be)15(ginning the research project; the)15(y are)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.292 Tw
[(theref)-1(ore personally a)15(w)10(ar)-1(e of the challenges and)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.025 Tw
[(opportunities f)10(acing these or)17(g)5(anizations. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15789 TD
0.319 Tw
[(This paper refer)-1(s to the f)20(ir)-1(st three cohorts of)]TJ
-0.9 -1.1579 TD
-0.013 Tw
[(Project HOPE community-based r)-1(esearch students at)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(Duk)Tj
1.66716 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.5004 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.03 Tw
[(in the f)10(all semester)-1(s of 2003,)-265(2004,)-265(and 2005.)]TJ
-2.59641 -1.15791 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.062 Tw
(he f)Tj
1.50879 0 TD
0 Tc
(i)Tj
0.23793 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.72577 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(students enrolled in 2003,)-297(three students in)]TJ
-3.53844 -1.1579 TD
0 Tw
(2004,)Tj
2.38711 0 TD
-0.023 Tw
(and six students in 2005 inter)Tj
11.1836 0 TD
[(ned with the )30(W)80(est)]TJ
-13.57071 -1.15791 TD
0.005 Tc
0.518 Tw
(End Comm)Tj
5.14152 0 TD
(unity Center)Tj
5.50916 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.99825 0 TD
0.005 Tc
[(W)80(allto)25(wn Ministries)]TJ
-11.64893 -1.1579 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.197 Tw
[(Summer Camp,)-432(or Camp Calv)25(ary)65(,)-432(a summer pro-)]TJ
T*
0.048 Tw
[(gram sponsored by First Calv)24(ary Methodist Church,)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.025 Tw
[(all located in Durham,)-260(North Car)-1(olina. )]TJ
0.9 -1.1579 TD
-0.002 Tw
[(Students\325)-159(research projects gre)25(w from their e)15(xperi-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15789 TD
0.292 Tw
[(ences as summer interns. In general,)-527(community)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.01 Tw
[(partners and students wer)-1(e interested in research that)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.162 Tw
[(w)10(ould support the academic learning and interper)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.192 Tw
[(sonal skills de)25(v)15(elopment of summer camp partici)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(pants. )Tj
2.52962 0 TD
0.079 Tw
(Although the leader)Tj
7.81434 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.68777 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(of the comm)Tj
5.04696 0 TD
(unity or)Tj
3.07957 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.48012 0 TD
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
(-)Tj
-20.06724 -1.15792 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.234 Tw
[(nizations wer)-1(e not fully f)10(amiliar with the role of)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.008 Tw
[(esearch for their or)18(g)4(anizations,)-243(the)15(y w)-1(ere enthusias-)]TJ
-0.31776 -1.15789 TD
0.171 Tw
[(tic about the opportunity to support the Duk)9(e stu-)]TJ
T*
0.13 Tw
[(dents\325)-291(additional in)39(v)20(olv)15(ement and met occasionally)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.189 Tw
[(with each f)9(all class for collaboration. In the CBR)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.045 Tw
[(class,)-280(students compiled literature r)-1(e)25(vie)25(ws,)-280(collected)]TJ
T*
-0.019 Tw
[(data through surv)15(e)15(ys or inter)-1(vie)25(ws,)-216(and pro)15(vided r)-1(ec-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.17 Tw
[(ommendations and materials in light of their f)19(ind-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.041 Tw
(ings. F)Tj
2.64365 0.00001 TD
(or e)Tj
1.49261 0 TD
0 Tw
(xample)Tj
2.85336 0 TD
0.041 Tw
[(,)-276(one student,)-276(who had serv)15(ed as a)]TJ
-6.98962 -1.15792 TD
0.112 Tw
[(reading teacher during the summer internship,)-347(con-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.031 Tw
(sulted with the dir)Tj
7.05704 0.00001 TD
(ector of the )Tj
4.6717 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.84901 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(est End Community)Tj
-12.57776 -1.15792 TD
-0.006 Tw
[(Center in f)10(all 2003 to de)24(v)15(elop a summer literac)15(y pro-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.03 Tw
[(am. )55(Along with one of the other for)-1(mer interns,)-205(this)]TJ
-0.80276 -1.15791 TD
-0.028 Tw
[(student implemented the program the follo)25(wing sum-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.149 Tw
(mer and e)Tj
4.07928 0 TD
[(v)25(aluated its ef)25(fecti)24(v)15(eness. In f)10(all 2004,)-384(a)]TJ
-4.07928 -1.15791 TD
0.256 Tw
[(team of students collaborated with the )30(W)80(est End)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.184 Tw
[(Community Center and Camp Calv)25(ar)-1(y to create a)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.244 Tw
(curriculum designed to support summer campers\325)Tj
0 -1.15789 TD
0.171 Tw
[(social responsibility and emotional re)15(gulation. )17(T)1(he)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.211 Tw
(student r)Tj
3.54756 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(esear)Tj
1.97823 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.93111 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.211 Tw
(team cr)Tj
3.07659 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ea)Tj
0.8577 0.00001 TD
0.211 Tw
(ted a six-w)Tj
4.6447 0.00001 TD
(eek summer)Tj
-15.46474 -1.15793 TD
0.259 Tw
(program based on a mentoring model to support)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 58)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
59 0 obj
<<
/Length 10772
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(59)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 301.1406 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Mana)10(ging the Challeng)9(es of )18(T)92(eac)15(hing CBR Cour)9(ses)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 286.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.189 Tw
[(anger management and ci)25(vic educa)-1(tion of the ele-)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.065 Tw
(mentary students in camp. One member of the team)Tj
0 -1.15 TD
0.172 Tw
(implemented the ang)Tj
8.44609 0.00001 TD
(er mana)Tj
3.25957 0.00001 TD
(gement component of)Tj
-11.70566 -1.15001 TD
0.251 Tw
[(this program the follo)25(wing summer at )29(W)80(est End,)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.249 Tw
[(e)25(v)25(aluated its ef)25(fecti)24(v)15(eness,)-484(and de)25(v)15(eloped tr)-1(aining)]TJ
T*
0.048 Tw
[(mater)-1(ials for future summer staf)25(f. One team of three)]TJ
T*
0.05 Tw
[(students in f)10(all 2005 de)24(v)15(eloped a cultural competen-)]TJ
T*
0.013 Tw
[(c)15(y training program for future Project HOPE inter)-1(ns;)]TJ
T*
0.088 Tw
(one student implemented the pr)Tj
12.51033 0.00001 TD
(ogram with summer)Tj
-12.51033 -1.15001 TD
0.253 Tw
[(2006 Project HOPE interns and will e)25(v)25(alua)-1(te the)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 -0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.199 Tw
[(esults of this w)10(or)-1(k. Community partners recei)25(v)14(ed)]TJ
-0.31776 -1.14999 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(esear)Tj
1.97823 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.80077 0 Td
(r)Tj
0.318 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.081 Tw
(ports and the agreed-upon research prod-)Tj
-4.27246 -1.15003 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ucts and materials a)-1(t an annual symposium. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 70 136.5103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.051 Tw
[(The Univer)10(sity of Den)39(v)1(er)110(. CUI 4036:)-285(Community-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15 TD
0.123 Tw
[(Based Resear)37(c)15(h in Urban Settings)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 197.7836 125.0104 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
0.59275 0 Td
0.123 Tw
[(Since 1999,)-358(the)]TJ
-14.2711 -1.15 TD
0 Tw
(instr)Tj
1.7024 0 TD
0.067 Tw
[(uctor has of)25(fered this course eac)-1(h winter as one)]TJ
-1.7024 -1.15 TD
-0.036 Tw
[(of se)25(v)15(er)-1(al research classes for graduate students in the)]TJ
T*
-0.017 Tw
[(Colle)15(ge of Education. His teaching and r)-1(esearch ha)20(v)15(e)]TJ
T*
0.161 Tw
[(focused on program de)25(v)15(elopment and implementa-)]TJ
T*
-0.027 Tw
(tion of comm)Tj
5.1537 0 TD
(unity-based pr)Tj
5.51067 -0.00001 TD
(ograms in K-12 and com-)Tj
11.83565 21.85002 TD
0.287 Tw
[(munity settings \(e.g.,)-522(Cutforth,)-523(1997; Hellison &)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.017 Tw
[(Cutforth,)-253(2000\),)-252(as well as qualitati)24(v)15(e methodologies)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0 Tw
(\(e)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
(.g)Tj
0.72 0.00001 TD
0.069 Tw
[(.,)-304(Cutf)-1(orth,)-304(1999\). )17(T)1(he instru)-1(c)1(tor)-1( )1(has also taught)]TJ
-1.46661 -1.15001 TD
0.307 Tw
[(service-learning cour)-1(ses in teacher education and)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.248 Tw
[(youth de)25(v)15(elopment. )55(As one of the author)-1(s of the)]TJ
T*
0.032 Tw
[(Strand et al. (2003) book,)-267(he serv)14(es as a resource for)]TJ
T*
0.349 Tw
[(other f)10(aculty and institutions interested in CBR.)]TJ
T*
-0.025 Tw
(Because of ongoing community partnerships with the)Tj
T*
0 Tw
(Uni)Tj
1.42985 0.00001 TD
0.28 Tw
[(v)15(er)-1(sity)65(,)-515(Den)40(v)15(er of)25(fers an esta)-1(blished series of)]TJ
-1.42985 -1.15001 TD
-0.02 Tw
[(CBR courses and related e)14(xperiences for Masters and)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0 Tw
(doctor)Tj
2.46445 -0.00001 TD
0.144 Tw
[(al students through the Colle)15(ge of Education)]TJ
-2.46445 -1.14999 TD
0.172 Tw
(\(see F)Tj
2.49683 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(igur)Tj
1.5506 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.83538 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(1\). )Tj
1.4265 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.51601 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(o)Tj
0.89145 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(da)Tj
0.91395 0 TD
0.172 Tw
[(te,)-407(approximately 40 students)]TJ
-8.63071 -1.15003 TD
0.111 Tw
[(and six professors ha)19(v)15(e been in)40(v)20(olv)14(ed in CBR pro-)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.031 Tw
[(jects that ha)20(v)14(e focused on areas such as youth de)25(v)15(el)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.201 Tw
[(opment,)-436(K-12 education,)-436(community de)25(v)15(elopment,)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(and immig)Tj
4.19518 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ration.)Tj
-3.29518 -1.15001 TD
0.026 Tw
[(T)80(w)10(o e)15(xamples illustrate the kinds of CBR projects)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15 TD
0.044 Tw
[(that Den)40(v)14(er students ha)20(v)15(e conducted in recent year)-1(s.)]TJ
T*
0.045 Tw
[(The f)20(ir)-1(st e)15(xample in)40(v)20(olv)14(es the Colorado )18(T)70(echnology)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(Comm)Tj
2.66266 -0.00001 TD
-0.023 Tw
(unity F)Tj
2.71822 -0.00001 TD
[(oundation (CTCF),)-212(whose mission is to)]TJ
-27.88088 63.25001 TD
0.025 Tw
(Figure 1)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 688.5103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Community-Based Resear)37(c)15(h Opportunities for Uni)-1(v)1(er)9(sity of Den)40(ver Students)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F24 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 232.2939 667.5103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Introductory Kno)25(wledg)-1(e)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 154.3031 657.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(QRM 4920 Structur)15(al F)105(oundations of Resear)36(c)15(h in the Social Sciences )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 169.443 646.5103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(*)Tj
0.74491 0 Td
0.025 Tw
[(F)15(all quarter)-8740(* 2-hour guest lecture)]TJ
-0.74491 -1.16667 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(*)Tj
0.74487 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(PhD students)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 188.7942 615.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(CNP 4730 Pr)45(o)10(gr)15(am De)14(v)1(elopment and Ev)-1(aluation )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 169.443 604.5103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(*)Tj
0.71523 0 Td
0.025 Tw
[(W)40(inter quarter)-7604(* 2-hour guest lecture)]TJ
-0.71522 -1.16667 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(*)Tj
0.74487 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(MA students)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F24 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 254.1723 552.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(Coursew)15(ork)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 175.9568 541.5103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(CUI 4036 Community-Based Resear)37(c)15(h in Urban Settings )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 169.443 531.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(*)Tj
0.71523 0 Td
0.025 Tw
[(W)40(inter quarter)-7604(* 3 credits)]TJ
-0.71522 -1.16667 TD
(*)Tj
0.74491 0 Td
[(2-4 CBR projects)-6397(* Student research teams)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 188.7133 499.5103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(CUI 4037 Community-Based Resear)37(c)15(h Pr)15(acticum )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 169.443 489.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(*)Tj
0.69007 0 Td
0.025 Tw
[(An)15(y quarter)-8613(* 1-5 credits)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F24 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 209.8036 447.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Inde)Tj
1.82868 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(pendent Resear)Tj
6.17488 0 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.41908 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(h)Tj
0.80092 0 Td
0 Tw
(Oppor)Tj
2.53584 0 TD
(tunities)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 207.5761 436.5103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Community-Based Resear)37(c)15(h Internship)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 169.443 426.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(*)Tj
0.74486 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(9-months)Tj
13.20592 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(*)Tj
0.74487 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Comm)Tj
2.66279 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(unity w)10(or)-1(k study funding)]TJ
-17.35843 -1.16668 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(*)Tj
0.74489 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(10-15 hr)Tj
3.32064 0 TD
0 Tw
(s/w)Tj
1.34368 0 TD
(eek)Tj
8.54157 0 TD
(*)Tj
0.74491 0 Td
(P)Tj
0.5261 0 TD
(ar)Tj
0.74662 0 TD
(tner:)Tj
2.01728 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Metro Or)17(g)5(anizations for People )]TJ
-17.98569 -1.16669 TD
(*)Tj
0.74491 0 Td
($3-6,000 stipend)Tj
13.20587 0 TD
(*)Tj
0.74491 0 Td
(P)Tj
0.5261 0 TD
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.74662 0 TD
(tner:)Tj
2.01728 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(El Centr)Tj
3.26511 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(o)Tj
0.74478 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Humanitar)Tj
4.14111 0 TD
(io)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 242.773 384.0103 Tm
0 g
(P)Tj
0.516 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(aid Oppor)Tj
4.02869 0 TD
0 Tw
(tunities )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 169.443 373.5103 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(*)Tj
0.7449 0 Td
(3)Tj
0.7449 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(months-2 y)Tj
4.40256 0 TD
0 Tw
(ear)Tj
1.17547 0 TD
0 Tc
(s)Tj
6.88295 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(*)Tj
0.74487 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
($10-20/hr)Tj
-14.69565 -1.16668 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(*)Tj
0.74489 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Consulting)Tj
13.20589 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(*)Tj
0.74479 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Grants)Tj
-14.69557 -1.16667 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(*)Tj
0.74487 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Contr)Tj
2.20272 0 TD
(acts)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 233.3183 331.5103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(De)40(gr)36(e)1(e-Rela)-1(ted Pr)45(ojects)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 169.443 321.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(*)Tj
0.72718 0 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(heses)Tj
12.62776 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(*)Tj
0.74477 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Disser)Tj
2.46443 0 TD
(tations)Tj
ET
284.3552 590 m
284.3552 573.0269 l
290.1752 573.0269 l
275.4482 564.9849 l
260.7222 573.0269 l
266.5422 573.0269 l
266.5422 590 l
f*
284.3549 484.5022 m
284.3549 467.5292 l
290.1749 467.5292 l
275.4489 459.4872 l
260.7219 467.5292 l
266.5419 467.5292 l
266.5419 484.5022 l
f*
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 59)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
60 0 obj
<<
/Length 15614
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(60)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Stoc)20(king and Cutforth)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.077 Tw
(connect the resources and opportunities of the tech-)Tj
0 -1.157 TD
0.204 Tw
(nology sector with technology education needs of)Tj
0 -1.15701 TD
0.088 Tw
[(children and youth in Colorado\325)55(s underser)-1(v)15(ed com-)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.097 Tw
[(munities. In the winter 2004 class,)-332(tw)9(o Den)40(v)15(er stu-)]TJ
-0.0151 Tc
(d)'
0.48492 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.159 Tw
(ents assisted the CTCF in identifying issues con-)Tj
-0.48492 -1.15701 TD
0.074 Tw
[(cerning the digital di)24(vide as the)15(y af)25(fect underserv)15(ed)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
-0.006 Tc
0.366 Tw
[(communities and social agencies. )54(According to)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
-0.005 Tw
[(Eileen Joseph,)-230(CTCF\325)55(s e)14(x)15(ecuti)25(v)15(e director)39(,)-229-1(he f)20(ind-)]TJ
T*
0.093 Tw
[(ings from this w)10(or)-1(k are helping us better tar)18(get our)]TJ
T*
0.048 Tw
[(f)20(inancial support and programming assistance to the)]TJ
T*
0.012 Tw
[(neediest areas\323)-247(\(personal comm)-1(unication,)-247(11/29/04\).)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
-0.01 Tw
[(The second e)15(xample in)40(v)19(olv)15(es El Centro Humanitario)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.347 Tw
[(P)15(ara Los )17(T)35(r)1(abajadores \(Humanitarian Center f)-1(or)]TJ
T*
0.089 Tw
[(W)80(ork)10(er)-1(s\),)-324(an or)18(g)5(anization that defends the r)-1(ights of)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
0.143 Tw
[(day laborer)-1(s in Den)40(v)15(er)54(. Since 1992,)-377(through CBR,)]TJ
T*
0.311 Tw
[(se)25(v)15(er)-1(al Den)40(v)15(er students ha)19(v)15(e supported w)10(ork)9(ers\325)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.064 Tw
[(ef)25(for)-1(ts )1(to impr)-1(o)15(v)15(e their li)25(v)15(es. In a winter 2003 class)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
0.197 Tw
[(project,)-432(tw)9(o students w)10(ork)9(ed with day laborers to)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.361 Tw
[(crea)-1(te an oral history of lo)25(w-income immigrant)]TJ
T*
0.032 Tw
[(w)10(ork)9(ers\325)-193(struggles. )18(The w)9(ork)10(ers\325)-193(nar)-1(r)1(ati)24(v)15(es pro)15(vided)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(da)Tj
0.91385 0 TD
0.127 Tw
[(ta for lobbying local,)-362(state)-1(,)-361(and national of)25(f)20(icials)]TJ
-0.91385 -1.157 TD
-0.03 Tw
[(and resulted in El Centro\325)54(s f)20(irst ne)24(wsletter (LABOR).)]TJ
T*
0.256 Tw
[(According to Minsun Ji,)-491(e)15(x)15(ecuti)24(v)15(e director of El)]TJ
T*
0.151 Tw
[(Centro,)-386(\322The ne)25(wsletter crea)-1(ted positi)25(v)15(e images of)]TJ
T*
0.061 Tw
[(w)10(ork)9(ers in the community)65(,)-297(leading to an increase in)]TJ
T*
0.041 Tw
[(indi)25(vidual supporter)-1(s and positi)25(v)15(e publicity about El)]TJ
T*
0.064 Tw
[(Centro. )30(W)80(or)-1(k)10(ers enormously r)-1(espected the time and)]TJ
T*
0.011 Tw
[(ef)25(for)-1(t that students put into listening to and reporting)]TJ
T*
0.005 Tc
0.694 Tw
[(their life stories\323)-949(\(per)-1(sonal communication,)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(11/29/04\).)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 348.0523 Tm
0 g
-0.0152 Tc
(Ad)Tj
1.08084 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(dr)Tj
0.82205 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(essing P)Tj
3.18553 0 TD
0 Tw
(eda)Tj
1.38908 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(go)10(gical Challeng)9(es)]TJ
-5.5775 -1.87702 TD
0 Tc
(F)Tj
0.55092 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.133 Tw
(inding a disciplinar)Tj
7.85491 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.79694 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(connection)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 205.4001 329.2823 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.60286 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Str)Tj
1.12176 0 TD
0.133 Tw
(and et al.)Tj
3.68362 0 TD
0 Tc
Tj
0.26283 0 TD
(s)Tj
-20.01108 -1.15701 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.017 Tw
[((2003) f)20(ir)-1(st challenge,)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 149.7852 317.7123 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.017 Tw
[(f)20(inding a disciplinary connec-)]TJ
-8.77852 -1.157 TD
0 Tw
(tion)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 76.9567 306.1423 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.092 Tw
[(,)-327(w)10(as less problematic for these instructor)-1(s than)]TJ
-1.49567 -1.157 TD
-0.013 Tc
0.373 Tw
[(the other three challenges discussed here)-1(. Both)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.219 Tw
[(courses are taught within Education,)-454(either in the)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(Pr)Tj
0.85867 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
(r)Tj
0.31777 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.277 Tw
[(am in Education at Duk)10(e Uni)24(v)15(ersity or the)]TJ
-2.14644 -1.15702 TD
0.193 Tw
[(Colle)15(ge of Education at the Uni)24(v)15(ersity of Den)40(v)14(er)55(.)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.022 Tw
[(CBR,)-257(which is frequently interdisciplinary in natur)-1(e)1(,)]TJ
T*
0.045 Tw
(is often a g)Tj
4.36868 0.00001 TD
[(ood f)20(it for Educa)-1(tion courses; in the case)]TJ
-4.36868 -1.15701 TD
0.223 Tw
[(of both of these CBR courses,)-458(Education w)9(as an)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ppr)Tj
1.28776 0.00001 TD
(opr)Tj
1.28777 0.00001 TD
0.02 Tw
[(iate intellectual home. Ho)24(we)26(v)14(er)40(,)-255(the interdis-)]TJ
-3.00438 -1.15702 TD
-0.025 Tw
[(ciplinarity of CBR courses presents a dif)24(f)1(er)-1(ent sort of)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(halleng)Tj
2.83836 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(e)Tj
0.74368 0 Td
(f)Tj
0.318 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.08 Tw
[(or instructors and students. F)15(or e)14(xample,)]TJ
-4.32889 -1.15702 TD
0.263 Tw
[(Duk)10(e Uni)25(v)14(ersity does not of)25(fer an under)18(graduate)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.259 Tw
(major in Educa)Tj
6.41704 0 TD
(tion; ther)Tj
3.74714 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ef)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
0.259 Tw
[(ore,)-494(the CBR students,)]TJ
-10.91079 -1.15702 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.70692 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.1 Tw
(ho ar)Tj
2.05154 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.76377 0 Td
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(enerally sophomores,)-336(enter the class with)]TJ
-4.00723 -1.15702 TD
0.004 Tw
[(di)25(v)15(er)-1(se e)15(xperiences ref)-1(lecting a v)25(ariety of disciplines)]TJ
0 -1.15699 TD
0 Tw
(\(e)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
(.g)Tj
0.72 0.00001 TD
0.012 Tw
[(.,)-247(history)65(,)-247(public polic)15(y)65(,)-247(biology)65(,)-247(psycholo)-1(gy)65(,)-246(and)]TJ
-1.46661 -1.15702 TD
-0.024 Tw
[(political science\),)-212(b)20(ut little kno)25(wledge of the research)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(tr)Tj
0.5806 0 TD
-0.028 Tw
(aditions of these disciplines. )Tj
10.98707 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(he instructor address)-1(-)]TJ
-12.1635 -1.157 TD
0.096 Tw
[(es this issue by pro)15(viding a disciplinary conte)14(xt for)]TJ
T*
0.244 Tw
(the r)Tj
1.9732 0 TD
0 Tw
(esear)Tj
1.9782 0 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.4288 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.9635 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.244 Tw
(projects and encouraging students to)Tj
-5.3438 -1.157 TD
0.152 Tw
[(pursue further resear)-1(c)1(h in their major)-1(s. )55(At Den)40(v)15(er)39(,)]TJ
T*
0.227 Tw
(the CBR c)Tj
4.4862 0 TD
(lass a)Tj
2.3307 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ttr)Tj
0.84343 0.00001 TD
0.227 Tw
[(acts students from a v)25(ar)-1(iety of)]TJ
14.83969 63.6838 TD
0.074 Tw
[(graduate programs,)-309(including Child and F)14(amily and)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.0048 Tc
(S)Tj
0.56076 0.00001 TD
0.005 Tc
0.805 Tw
[(chool Psychology)65(,)-1060(Counseling Psychology)65(,)]TJ
-0.56076 -1.15789 TD
0.366 Tw
[(Curriculum and Instruction,)-621(Higher Education,)]TJ
T*
0.425 Tw
[(Librar)-1(y and Information Science,)-680(Quantitati)24(v)15(e)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.227 Tw
[(Research Methods,)-462(and Social )30(W)80(or)-1(k. )18(The Den)40(v)15(er)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.053 Tw
[(students ha)20(v)15(e a common inter)-1(est in de)25(v)15(eloping their)]TJ
T*
-0.007 Tc
0.367 Tw
[(e)15(xpertise in quantitat)1(i)26(v)15(e,)-610(qualitat)1(i)26(v)15(e,)-609(and mix)14(ed)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.153 Tw
[(methods research. )18(Theref)-1(ore,)-388(the)15(y are interested in)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0.025 Tw
[(using the tools of the CBR e)15(xperience for la)-1(ter w)10(ork)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
(in their programs.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 584.2216 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.148 Tw
(Building CBR into the curriculum)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 432.653 584.2216 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.61781 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.148 Tw
(Both instruc-)Tj
-15.18311 -1.15788 TD
0.025 Tw
[(tors ha)19(v)15(e f)10(aced the challenge of \322f)19(itting\323)-260(CBR into a)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.344 Tw
[(curricular model. Because the Duk)10(e course w)9(as)]TJ
T*
0.297 Tw
[(grant-supported,)-532(there w)10(as little fle)14(xibility in the)]TJ
T*
0.164 Tw
[(structure and timing of the course; f)-1(or e)15(xample,)-399(it)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
-0.01 Tw
[(w)10(ould not ha)20(v)14(e been possible to of)25(fer a tw)10(o-semester)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.028 Tw
[(sequence each year)39(,)-207(which w)10(ould ha)20(v)14(e f)10(acilitated f)19(in-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.183 Tw
[(ishing the projects during an academic timeframe)-1(.)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0.073 Tw
(This instructor often coordinates project completion)Tj
0 -1.15789 TD
0.003 Tw
[(after the end of the semester in which the course w)9(as)]TJ
T*
0.125 Tw
[(taught,)-360(which is dif)25(f)20(icult for the instructor and stu-)]TJ
T*
0.063 Tw
[(dents gi)25(v)15(en other commitments. )55(A rela)-1(ted challenge)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0.005 Tw
[(for the Duk)10(e instructor is that the course is of)24(f)1(er)-1(ed in)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.017 Tw
[(the Program in Education,)-218(which does not pro)14(vide an)]TJ
T*
-0.029 Tw
[(under)18(graduate major)55(. )55(Although the instr)-1(uctor encour-)]TJ
T*
-0.01 Tc
0.37 Tw
(ages students to pursue additional CBR in the)Tj
0 -1.15788 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.09 Tw
[(Program in Education,)-326(those students who continue)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.065 Tw
[(with CBR generally elect to do so as thesis pr)-1(ojects)]TJ
T*
-0.013 Tw
(within their major)Tj
6.92487 0 TD
(s. In contr)Tj
3.83602 0 TD
[(ast,)-223(the Den)40(v)15(er instructor)]TJ
-10.76089 -1.15789 TD
-0.016 Tw
[(has f)10(aced the challeng)-1(e of b)20(uilding CBR into the cur-)]TJ
T*
0.239 Tw
[(riculum by spearheading curricular inno)15(v)25(ations to)]TJ
T*
0.25 Tw
[(f)10(acilitate CBR in)40(v)19(olv)15(ement for more students. )55(At)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(Den)Tj
1.58098 0 TD
0.052 Tw
[(v)15(er)39(,)-286(the c)-1(lass is a viable option for graduate stu-)]TJ
-1.58098 -1.15788 TD
0.239 Tw
[(dents interested in broadening their e)15(xper)-1(ience in)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.273 Tw
[(research methods,)-508(and a v)25(ar)-1(iety of pathw)10(ays are)]TJ
0 Tc
(a)'
0.40907 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.124 Tw
[(v)25(ailable that help students complete CBR pr)-1(ojects)]TJ
-0.40907 -1.15789 TD
0.025 Tw
[(that last be)15(yond the quarter \(see F)-1(igure 1\). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 271.5921 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.17 Tw
[(Ensuring student r)37(eadiness)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 403.9967 271.5921 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
0.62183 0 Td
0.17 Tw
(The third challenge,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 287 260.0131 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.167 Tw
[(ensuring student r)37(eadiness)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 393.2677 260.0131 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.167 Tw
[(,)-402(r)1(ela)-1(tes to the e)15(xtent to)]TJ
-10.62677 -1.15789 TD
0.044 Tw
(which students are )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 362.3818 248.4342 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.044 Tw
(familiar with and sensitive to the)Tj
-7.53818 -1.15788 TD
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.3277 0.00001 TD
(unity)Tj
1.86958 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.62865 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(under)Tj
2.248 0.00001 TD
0.159 Tw
(stand the pr)Tj
4.91465 0.00001 TD
(inciples of CBR)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 470.5751 236.8555 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.62865 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(and)Tj
-18.98616 -1.1579 TD
-0.007 Tc
0.367 Tw
[(possess rele)25(v)24(ant )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 359.884 225.2765 Tm
0 g
-0.007 Tc
0.367 Tw
[(r)37(esear)36(c)15(h skills and substantive)]TJ
-7.2884 -1.15789 TD
-0.012 Tc
0 Tw
(kno)Tj
1.40725 0 TD
(wledg)Tj
2.31791 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 328.5681 213.6976 Tm
0 g
-0.0122 Tc
(.)Tj
0.82998 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59864 0.00001 TD
-0.012 Tc
0.372 Tw
(he impor)Tj
3.85688 0 TD
(tance of adequa)Tj
6.83509 0.00001 TD
(te student)Tj
-16.2774 -1.15791 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.229 Tw
[(preparation for CBR is described by )29(W)40(illis et al.)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0 Tw
((2003),)Tj
3.01399 0.00001 TD
-0.032 Tw
[(who report that e)25(v)15(en signif)19(icant e)15(xperience in)]TJ
-3.01399 -1.1579 TD
0.071 Tw
[(independent research may not be suf)24(f)20(icient prepara-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.145 Tw
[(tion for conducting CBR. Students who ha)20(v)14(e been)]TJ
T*
0.1 Tw
[(successful in one service-rela)-1(ted or research-related)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0 Tw
(acti)Tj
1.35846 0.00001 TD
0.011 Tw
(vity ma)Tj
2.9329 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.73039 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(still need suppor)Tj
6.37589 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.50835 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(in mana)Tj
3.09895 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ing the com)Tj
4.57731 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06725 -1.15793 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.086 Tw
[(ple)15(xities of CBR. Because of the unique challenges)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(associa)Tj
2.78221 0.00001 TD
0.061 Tw
(ted with CBR r)Tj
6.05476 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ela)Tj
1.12053 0.00001 TD
0.061 Tw
(ted to maintaining pr)Tj
8.22589 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(oduc-)Tj
-18.18339 -1.15791 TD
-0.001 Tc
0.361 Tw
[(ti)25(v)14(e partnerships with community par)-1(tners,)-610(the)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(instr)Tj
1.70235 0.00001 TD
0.026 Tw
[(uctor should assess a prospecti)25(v)15(e CBR student\325)54(s)]TJ
-1.70235 -1.15789 TD
0.374 Tw
[(e)15(xperiences,)-610(moti)25(v)25(ations,)-609(and skills prior to the)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(cour)Tj
1.71661 0.00001 TD
(se)Tj
0.80277 0.00001 TD
(.)Tj
0.70598 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.254 Tw
(he instr)Tj
3.10499 0.00001 TD
(uctor of a CBR c)Tj
7.55109 0.00001 TD
(lass should be)Tj
-14.47728 -1.15792 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.308 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.026 Tw
(amiliar enough with the projects needed by the com-)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 60)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
61 0 obj
<<
/Length 15889
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(61)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 301.1406 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Mana)10(ging the Challeng)9(es of )18(T)92(eac)15(hing CBR Cour)9(ses)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.011 Tw
[(munity partners to identify specif)20(ic skills tha)-1(t will be)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(i)Tj
0.26286 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.236 Tw
[(mportant for prospecti)24(v)15(e students,)-471(and should be)]TJ
-0.26286 -1.15788 TD
0.032 Tw
[(prepared to pro)15(vide tr)-1(aining in the areas that may be)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(lacking. )Tj
0.9 -1.15788 TD
0.146 Tw
[(At Duk)10(e,)-381(students become eligible f)-1(or this CBR)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15789 TD
-0.002 Tc
0.362 Tw
[(course through selection for the Duk)9(e-Durham)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.081 Tw
[(Scholars Summer Inter)-1(nship Progr)1(am. Selection f)-1(or)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.316 Tw
[(the internship is based on a number of criter)-1(ia,)]TJ
T*
-0.033 Tw
[(including perfor)-1(mance in a service-learning course in)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0.155 Tw
[(the Program in Education and pre)25(vious e)15(xperience)]TJ
T*
0.205 Tw
[(tutoring children with di)24(v)15(erse learning needs. )18(The)]TJ
T*
0.036 Tw
[(Duk)10(e instructor inter)-1(acts with the CBR students in a)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.027 Tw
[(v)25(ariety of settings pr)-1(ior to the course,)-262(and has taught)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0.028 Tw
[(some of these students in pre)25(vious courses,)-263(although)]TJ
T*
0.034 Tw
(none of these methods is designed for assessment of)Tj
T*
0.074 Tw
[(student qualities specif)20(icall)-1(y rele)25(v)25(ant to CBR. Duk)10(e)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(students\325)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 98.0298 514.749 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.067 Tw
(familiarity with and sensitivity to the com-)Tj
-3.70298 -1.15788 TD
0 Tw
(munity)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 92.1727 503.1702 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.251 Tw
[(comes from prior service-lear)-1(ning courses)]TJ
-3.11727 -1.15788 TD
-0.019 Tw
[(and participation in the summer internships. )17(T)1(hr)-1(ough)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.038 Tw
[(the internship,)-274(students were immersed in the e)25(v)14(ery-)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0 Tw
(da)Tj
0.91385 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.73945 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(acti)Tj
1.35872 0 TD
0.02 Tw
(vities of the comm)Tj
7.25934 0 TD
(unity par)Tj
3.46699 0 TD
(tner so the)Tj
4.02457 0 TD
(y)Tj
0.73963 0 Td
(w)Tj
0.707 0 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
-19.95616 -1.1579 TD
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
(b)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.093 Tw
(le to e)Tj
2.50966 0 TD
[(xperience f)19(irst-hand the issues f)10(acing these)]TJ
-3.42351 -1.15789 TD
0.108 Tw
[(partners. )17(T)1(he inter)-1(nship established the relationship)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(betw)Tj
1.88361 0 TD
-0.001 Tw
(een comm)Tj
4.01583 0 TD
(unity par)Tj
3.44591 0 TD
(tner and student essential f)Tj
10.23688 0 TD
0 Tw
(or)Tj
-19.58223 -1.15789 TD
0.298 Tw
(successful CBR and inf)Tj
9.97856 0 TD
(ormed the substance and)Tj
-9.97856 -1.15788 TD
0.174 Tw
[(methods of subsequent CBR projects. In f)10(act,)-410(stu-)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(dents\325)Tj
2.82989 0 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.308 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.316 Tw
[(amiliarity with the partners thr)-1(ough their)]TJ
-3.13789 -1.15789 TD
0.129 Tw
[(summer internships pro)15(v)15(ed to be an impor)-1(tant link)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
-0.008 Tw
[(between the partners and the cour)-1(se instructor)55(. )30(While)]TJ
T*
0.001 Tw
[(the Duk)10(e students possessed a limited )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 209.1241 364.2243 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(under)10(standing)]TJ
-14.81241 -1.15788 TD
0.24 Tw
(of CBR)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 96.4176 352.6455 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.24 Tw
[(at onset,)-475(the)15(y embraced its philosophical)]TJ
-3.54176 -1.15789 TD
0.127 Tw
[(underpinnings and social change agenda. Ho)24(we)26(v)14(er)40(,)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0.136 Tw
(their limited )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 113.2675 329.4878 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.136 Tw
[(r)37(esear)37(c)15(h skills and substantive knowl-)]TJ
-5.22675 -1.15788 TD
0 Tw
[(edg)10(e)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 81.4893 317.909 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.004 Tw
(presented serious issues for completion of CBR)Tj
-2.04893 -1.15789 TD
0.042 Tw
[(studies within the semester calendar)40(,)-278(consistent with)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.88905 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.009 Tw
[(illis et al. (2003),)-244(who found that student )-1(\322enthusi-)]TJ
-0.88905 -1.15788 TD
0.081 Tw
(asm. . . could not compensa)Tj
11.10696 0.00001 TD
(te f)Tj
1.32515 0.00001 TD
(or a lac)Tj
2.98356 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(k)Tj
0.80052 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(of rele)25(v)24(ant)]TJ
-16.21619 -1.1579 TD
0.025 Tw
[(skills and e)15(xperiences\323)-260((p. 40). )]TJ
0.9 -1.15789 TD
0.125 Tw
[(At Den)40(v)15(er)39(,)-360(students ar)-1(e introduced to the )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 238.6882 260.0148 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(princi-)Tj
-17.76882 -1.15788 TD
0.021 Tw
(ples of CBR)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 110.0869 248.436 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.021 Tw
[(through a tw)10(o-hour lectur)-1(e on CBR in a)]TJ
-4.90869 -1.15788 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.143 Tw
[(equired introductory r)-1(esearch methods class. Prior)]TJ
-0.31776 -1.15789 TD
-0.009 Tw
[(to that lecture,)-227(Den)40(v)15(er students are typically )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 232.168 225.2784 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(unfamil-)Tj
-17.1168 -1.15788 TD
0.133 Tw
(iar with the community)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 154.1777 213.6996 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
0.54823 0 Td
0.133 Tw
(As a result of this lecture,)Tj
-9.866 -1.15788 TD
0.102 Tw
(interested students meet with the instructor to learn)Tj
T*
0 Tw
(mor)Tj
1.5656 0 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(e)Tj
0.67345 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.429 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.01 Tw
(bout the CBR c)Tj
6.01362 0.00001 TD
(lass and the pr)Tj
5.55209 0.00001 TD
[(ojects a)20(v)25(aila)-1(ble.)]TJ
-14.23376 -1.15791 TD
0.061 Tw
(These meetings enable the instructor to describe the)Tj
0 -1.15788 TD
0.144 Tw
[(possibilities and challenges in the course)-1(,)-378(and pro-)]TJ
T*
0.029 Tw
(vide him with the oppor)Tj
9.37923 0.00001 TD
(tunity to g)Tj
3.99887 0.00001 TD
(auge the students\325)Tj
-13.3781 -1.15789 TD
0.166 Tw
[(moti)25(v)25(ation and readiness. )17(T)1(he students\325)-328(moti)25(v)25(ation)]TJ
T*
0.013 Tw
(and readiness are important because their sophistica-)Tj
0 -1.15788 TD
0.084 Tw
(tion in )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 89.8155 121.0689 Tm
0 g
(r)Tj
0.33706 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(esear)Tj
2.05366 0.00001 TD
0.084 Tw
[(c)15(h skills)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 148.7446 121.0689 Tm
0 g
(v)Tj
0.4601 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ar)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
0.084 Tw
[(ies considerably)65(,)-319(from one)]TJ
-9.9812 -1.1579 TD
0.071 Tw
(or tw)Tj
2.0684 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(o)Tj
0.7905 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.8029 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.4039 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.071 Tw
(vious g)Tj
2.88242 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31777 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(aduate resear)-1(c)1(h classes to signif)19(i-)]TJ
-7.266 -1.1579 TD
-0.013 Tw
[(cant e)15(xpertise in qualitati)24(v)15(e and/or quantitati)24(v)15(e meth-)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(ods. )Tj
1.7649 0 TD
-0.031 Tw
[(The community partners visit the f)19(irst CBR class)]TJ
-1.7649 -1.1579 TD
0 Tc
0.36 Tw
[(session and describe their or)17(g)5(anizations\325)-536(back)-1(-)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
-0.018 Tw
[(grounds and research issues. )18(This session \322breaks the)]TJ
22.5 63.68355 TD
0.034 Tw
[(ice\323)-269(by putting a real f)9(ace and conte)15(xt on a potential)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.043 Tw
(esearch project. Students select one project to com-)Tj
-0.31776 -1.15789 TD
0.091 Tw
[(plete during the class as part of a team. )17(T)80(o monitor)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.37389 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(tudents\325)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 323.0378 665.2735 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.37386 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.068 Tw
[(ensitivity to and knowledg)9(e of community)]TJ
-4.07764 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(issues)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 308.9843 653.6946 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.108 Tw
[(,)-343(and g)4(auge the rapport between students and)]TJ
-2.29843 -1.15789 TD
0.032 Tw
[(community partners,)-267(the instructor accompanies stu-)]TJ
T*
0.058 Tw
[(dent teams to the f)20(ir)-1(st fe)25(w meetings with their com-)]TJ
T*
0.255 Tw
[(munity partners. )18(This observ)25(ation of the resear)-1(c)1(h)]TJ
T*
0.066 Tw
[(teams allo)25(ws the instructor to play a supporti)24(v)15(e role)]TJ
T*
0.095 Tw
[(by pro)15(viding specif)19(ic resources,)-330(such as specialized)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(training or substanti)24(v)15(e materials. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15789 TD
0.018 Tw
[(W)80(e ha)20(v)15(e f)-1(ound that )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 372.8128 572.6424 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.018 Tw
[(ensuring student r)37(eadiness)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 478.6448 572.6424 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(for)Tj
-19.26448 -1.1579 TD
-0.024 Tw
[(CBR should also include an instructor\325)55(s a)14(w)10(areness of)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.01 Tc
0.37 Tw
[(other more unpredictable student character)-1(istics,)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.099 Tw
[(such as w)10(or)-1(k styles and personality)65(. Little informa)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.024 Tw
[(tion is a)20(v)25(aila)-1(ble about the specif)20(ic kno)25(wledge,)-259(skills,)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0.284 Tw
(or dispositions students need to be successful in)Tj
0 -1.15789 TD
0.056 Tw
[(CBR,)-291(so the instructor is responsible for monitorin)-1(g)]TJ
T*
0.287 Tw
(the students thr)Tj
6.44425 0 TD
(oughout the research process and)Tj
-6.44425 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(inter)Tj
1.75728 0 TD
0.104 Tw
[(v)15(ening when necessary)65(. )17(T)1(he Duk)9(e under)18(gradu-)]TJ
-1.75728 -1.1579 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.218 Tw
[(tes,)-453(successful in their summer inter)-1(nships,)-453(were)]TJ
-0.42885 -1.15789 TD
0.299 Tw
[(highly moti)25(v)25(ated to deepen their commitment to)]TJ
T*
0.005 Tc
0.434 Tw
[(community or)18(g)4(anizations b)20(ut na\225v)15(e about the)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.152 Tw
[(demands of research. Despite their ine)15(xper)-1(ience in)]TJ
T*
-0.028 Tw
[(research,)-207(ho)25(we)25(v)15(er)39(,)-207(these students maintained positi)25(v)15(e)]TJ
T*
0.08 Tw
[(relationships with the community partners. )17(T)1(he stu-)]TJ
T*
0.037 Tw
[(dents displayed fle)14(xibility)65(,)-272(patience,)-272(and open-mind-)]TJ
T*
-0.031 Tw
[(edness when de)25(v)15(eloping their resear)-1(ch projects,)-204(qual-)]TJ
T*
0.113 Tw
[(ities not necessarily r)-1(elated to the selection process)]TJ
0 Tc
(f)'
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.031 Tw
[(or the summer internship b)20(ut e)24(v)15(entually essential to)]TJ
-0.31776 -1.15789 TD
0.134 Tw
(completion of their projects with the partners. One)Tj
T*
0.152 Tw
[(student e)15(xplained,)-387(\322I felt more r)-1(esponsible for and)]TJ
T*
0.084 Tw
[(personally in)39(v)15(ested in the w)10(ork I w)9(as doing than in)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(an)Tj
0.89896 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.77572 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.056 Tw
(other c)Tj
2.69936 0 TD
0 Tw
(lass,)Tj
1.96541 0 TD
0.056 Tw
(and it f)Tj
2.82408 0 TD
(eels r)Tj
2.1031 0 TD
[(eally good to ha)20(v)14(e pro-)]TJ
-11.26664 -1.15791 TD
0.001 Tw
(duced something tha)Tj
7.99231 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.49865 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(has the potential to r)Tj
7.83743 0 TD
0 Tw
(eall)Tj
1.38336 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.7207 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.001 Tw
(be of)Tj
-18.43244 -1.1579 TD
-0.035 Tw
(use to someone)Tj
5.88444 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(.)Tj
0.16517 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
[-200(Until the f)20(irst cohort of students,)-200(the)]TJ
-6.04961 -1.1579 TD
0 Tw
(instr)Tj
1.70235 0 TD
0.212 Tw
[(uctor w)10(as una)14(w)10(are of the critical role of stu-)]TJ
-1.70235 -1.15789 TD
0.157 Tw
[(dents\325)-318(personal characteristics in CBR success and)]TJ
T*
-0.007 Tw
[(has adapted strate)15(gies to monitor )-1(an)1(d )-1(sup)1(por)-1(t student)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.025 Tw
[(de)25(v)15(elopment for futur)-1(e cohorts.)]TJ
0.9 -1.15789 TD
-0.015 Tw
(At Den)Tj
2.77029 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.70682 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.45456 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.015 Tw
[(CBR of)25(fers a unique niche f)-1(or gr)1(aduate)]TJ
-5.30178 -1.15792 TD
0.094 Tw
[(students interested in applied resear)-1(c)1(h with a social)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(hang)Tj
1.88385 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(e)Tj
0.69088 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.429 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.027 Tw
[(genda. Students enter class already inter)-1(est-)]TJ
-3.43258 -1.15791 TD
-0.024 Tw
(ed in and committed to social justice issues and moti-)Tj
0 -1.15788 TD
0.134 Tw
[(v)25(ated to do research in di)25(v)15(er)-1(se settings that has an)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.272 Tw
[(opportunity to mak)10(e an immedia)-1(te dif)25(ference for)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.062 Tw
[(indi)25(viduals and groups who may be disenfranchised)]TJ
T*
0.137 Tw
[(or on the mar)18(gins of society)65(. Despite their moti)24(v)25(a-)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(tions,)Tj
2.36628 0 TD
(man)Tj
1.66179 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.74652 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.027 Tw
(students ar)Tj
4.16583 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(e)Tj
0.69038 0 Td
(c)Tj
0.42901 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(halleng)Tj
2.83837 0.00001 TD
0.027 Tw
(ed b)Tj
1.66054 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.74652 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(the comple)Tj
4.27702 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(x-)Tj
-19.58225 -1.15794 TD
0.212 Tw
(ity of the r)Tj
4.64813 0.00001 TD
[(elationship b)19(uilding and research tasks)]TJ
-4.64813 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(associa)Tj
2.78221 0.00001 TD
0.168 Tw
(ted with CBR. In one case)Tj
10.96418 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.63837 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(the comm)Tj
4.01957 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(unity)Tj
-18.40433 -1.15792 TD
-0.009 Tc
0.369 Tw
[(partner\325)55(s a)-1(ttention w)10(as on other matters at the)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.098 Tw
[(e)15(xpense of the CBR project and one student wrote,)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0.005 Tc
0.391 Tw
[(\322My partner w)10(as not r)-1(eally interested in my)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.118 Tw
[(research.)70-353(In another case,)-354(a student struggled with)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.026 Tw
[(the research demands and wrote,)-209(\322It w)10(ould ha)19(v)15(e been)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 61)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
62 0 obj
<<
/Length 16751
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(62)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Stoc)20(king and Cutforth)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.088 Tw
[(better if you\325)50(d spent the f)19(irst weeks of class just on)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.182 Tw
[(research methods before we be)15(g)4(an the actual pro-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(j)Tj
0.26284 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.024 Tw
[(ect.)70-260(It is clear that CBR courses cannot be success-)]TJ
-0.26284 -1.15791 TD
0.061 Tw
[(ful without fle)14(xible,)-296(talented students who are moti-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.023 Tw
[(v)25(ated to mak)10(e a dif)24(f)1(er)-1(ence for their community part-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.012 Tw
[(ners through resear)-1(c)1(h and who ar)-1(e willing to g)5(ain the)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.005 Tc
0.496 Tw
[(skills necessary for project completion. )17(T)1(his)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.139 Tw
[(becomes a challenge for the instr)-1(uctor)40(,)-374(who is pri-)]TJ
T*
0.13 Tw
[(maril)-1(y responsible for pro)15(viding the opportunity to)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.025 Tw
(acquire the necessary skills.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 584.2206 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.083 Tw
[(Structuring the CBR e)19(xperience)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 196.2604 584.2206 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
0.53565 0 Td
0.083 Tw
(The fourth chal-)Tj
-13.96169 -1.1579 TD
-0.012 Tc
0 Tw
(lenge,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 91.5325 572.6415 Tm
0 g
-0.012 Tc
0.372 Tw
[(structuring the CBR e)19(xperience)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 225.2249 572.6415 Tm
0 g
-0.012 Tc
[(,)-610(in)40(v)19(olv)15(es)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 561.0626 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.037 Tw
[(sc)15(heduling and time constr)14(aints,)-271(mana)9(ging the class)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0 Tw
[(pr)45(ojects,)-487(tr)44(oubleshooting)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 160.414 549.4835 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-487(and )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 186.4931 549.4835 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.252 Tw
[(e)15(valuating students)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 263.4999 549.4835 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
-20.14999 -1.1579 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.368 Tw
[(F)15(or the Duk)10(e class,)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 153.1568 537.9045 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.368 Tw
(time issues)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 204.8097 537.9045 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.368 Tw
[(are a concer)-1(n.)]TJ
-14.28097 -1.15789 TD
0.068 Tw
[(Students are generall)-1(y not able to complete projects)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.051 Tw
(in a 15-w)Tj
3.74351 0.00001 TD
[(eek semester; theref)-1(ore,)-286(instructor and stu-)]TJ
-3.74351 -1.15791 TD
0.259 Tw
(dents must try to complete the projects after the)Tj
0 -1.1579 TD
0.067 Tw
(semester ends,)Tj
5.9892 0 TD
[(which is dif)25(f)20(icult once a ne)25(w semes)-1(-)]TJ
-5.9892 -1.15791 TD
0.005 Tw
[(ter is underw)10(ay)65(. In terms of )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 170.1956 480.0096 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.005 Tw
[(mana)10(ging class pr)45(ojects)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 263.5 480.0096 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
-20.15 -1.15789 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.047 Tw
[(projects wer)-1(e conceptualized at the be)15(ginning of the)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.06 Tw
[(semester by the students,)-296(instructor)40(,)-295(and comm)-1(unity)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(par)Tj
1.23161 0 TD
(tner)Tj
1.49445 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.60873 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(and r)Tj
1.95157 0 TD
[(ef)19(ined during class meetings and ongo-)]TJ
-5.28636 -1.15791 TD
0.355 Tw
(ing con)Tj
3.18226 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
(sa)Tj
0.80276 0 TD
0.355 Tw
(tions with the partners. Maintaining)Tj
-5.20174 -1.1579 TD
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.43951 0 TD
0.077 Tw
[(unication with partners,)-313(an essential aspect of)]TJ
-2.43951 -1.15791 TD
0 Tw
(mana)Tj
2.10553 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.007 Tw
(ing pr)Tj
2.26355 0 TD
[(ojects,)-228(w)10(as impacted by scheduling con)-1(-)]TJ
-4.85408 -1.15791 TD
0.068 Tw
[(flicts and partners\325)-229(lac)-1(k of access to email,)-303(which is)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.147 Tw
[(the staple of under)18(graduates\325)-308(comm)-1(unication tools.)]TJ
T*
0.177 Tw
[(Students prepared re)15(gular reports of their progress)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.021 Tw
(or the instr)Tj
4.19408 0 TD
(uctor and comm)Tj
6.33009 0 TD
[(unity partners,)-257(a strate)15(gy)]TJ
-10.84193 -1.15791 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.109 Tw
(ecommended b)Tj
6.00988 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.82863 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(other)Tj
1.97964 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.71766 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.109 Tw
(as a w)Tj
2.61648 0 TD
[(ay to k)10(eep the team)]TJ
-12.47005 -1.15791 TD
0 Tw
(upda)Tj
1.88385 0 TD
0.198 Tw
(ted \(Cha)Tj
3.49326 0 TD
(pdelaine & Cha)Tj
6.46182 0 TD
0 Tw
(pman,)Tj
2.82965 0 TD
0.198 Tw
(1999; Root &)Tj
-14.66858 -1.15791 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(hor)Tj
1.28777 0 TD
(me)Tj
1.19168 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.495 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(2001; )Tj
2.43305 0 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.88905 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(illis,)-260(et al.,)-260(2001\). )]TJ
-5.99239 -1.15792 TD
0.105 Tw
[(At Den)40(v)15(er)39(,)-340(the course has e)25(v)19(olv)15(ed to address the)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 306.325 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.201 Tw
[(sc)15(heduling and time issues)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 175.2508 306.325 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.201 Tw
[(of teaching CBR. )18(The)]TJ
-11.32508 -1.1579 TD
0.036 Tw
[(instructor has an ongoing rela)-1(tionship with the com-)]TJ
T*
0.247 Tw
[(munity partners,)-482(including re)15(gular communication)]TJ
T*
-0.036 Tw
[(about their research needs,)-199(which f)10(acilitates the ne)14(go-)]TJ
T*
-0.009 Tw
[(tiation of ne)25(w pr)-1(ojects in the months before the onset)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(of)Tj
1.13706 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.099 Tw
(the class; Chapdelaine and Chapman (1999) and)Tj
-1.13706 -1.1579 TD
0.108 Tw
[(Root and )18(Thorme (2001) echoed the importance of)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(ear)Tj
1.17546 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(l)Tj
0.26283 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.81565 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.096 Tw
(planning with the community partner for suc-)Tj
-2.25394 -1.15791 TD
0.233 Tw
(cessful CBR pr)Tj
6.36581 0.00001 TD
(ojects. Ho)Tj
4.11227 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.70692 0.00001 TD
(e)Tj
0.40395 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.70681 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.70297 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.233 Tw
(despite this pr)Tj
5.85057 0 TD
0 Tw
(ior)Tj
-19.31941 -1.15795 TD
(planning)Tj
3.37952 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.50878 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.039 Tw
(most pr)Tj
2.96113 0.00001 TD
(ojects are not completed in the 10-)Tj
-6.84943 -1.15791 TD
0.228 Tw
[(week quarter and thus usually e)15(xtend be)15(yond the)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0 Tw
(dur)Tj
1.28777 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42884 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.211 Tw
(tion of the class. Students can complete their)Tj
-1.71661 -1.15791 TD
0.017 Tw
[(projects by enrolling in a CBR inter)-1(nship class or by)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ecei)Tj
1.52448 0.00001 TD
-0.033 Tw
(ving a mini-g)Tj
5.12617 0 TD
[(rant from e)15(xisting CBR funding,)-202(as)]TJ
-6.96841 -1.15793 TD
0.173 Tw
(illustrated in Figure 1. If a student chooses not to)Tj
0 -1.15788 TD
0 Tw
(contin)Tj
2.40951 0.00001 TD
0.076 Tw
(ue her or his pr)Tj
6.11514 0.00001 TD
[(oject,)-311(the project is completed)]TJ
-8.52465 -1.15792 TD
-0.034 Tw
[(by another student with e)15(xperience in CBR,)-202(either for)]TJ
T*
0.166 Tw
[(internship credit or as a mini-grant. )18(This option is)]TJ
T*
0.297 Tw
(possible because of the longstanding relationship)Tj
T*
0.025 Tw
[(between the instructor and the community partner)-1(s.)]TJ
0.9 -1.1579 TD
0.084 Tw
[(The Den)40(v)15(er instructor has de)24(v)15(eloped strate)15(gies to)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 63.1664 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.05 Tw
[(mana)10(g)9(e the class pr)45(ojects)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 162.6769 63.1664 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.51944 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.05 Tw
(Projects are usually done)Tj
11.91287 63.68439 TD
0.156 Tw
[(in research teams of tw)9(o to four students. Re)15(gular)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.096 Tw
(email contact and weekly meetings outside of class)Tj
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.0154 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42861 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.14 Tw
[(re held between the instr)-1(uctor)40(,)-375(the research teams)]TJ
-0.42861 -1.15791 TD
0.065 Tw
[(and,)-300(when necessary)65(,)-300(their community partners; this)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.145 Tw
[(team approach to CBR w)9(as also reported by other)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.062 Tw
[(f)10(aculty \(K)35(o)25(w)10(ale)24(wski,)-297(2004; Root & )18(Thorme,)-297(2001\).)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.357 Tw
[(Student teams communicate re)15(gular)-1(l)1(y)65(,)-592(fr)-1(equently)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.145 Tw
[(through email. )55(All communica)-1(tion is copied to the)]TJ
T*
0.125 Tw
[(instructor)39(,)-359(as an additional w)9(ay of managing infor-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.149 Tw
[(mation and updates r)-1(elated to the project. It is not)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.084 Tw
[(unusual for these e)15(xchang)-1(es to total 50-100 e-mails)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.025 Tw
[(per project o)15(v)15(er a 10-w)-1(eek quarter)55(. )]TJ
0.9 -1.1579 TD
0.014 Tw
(At both institutions,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 375.3557 561.0626 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(tr)45(oubleshooting)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 438.4805 561.0626 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.014 Tw
(the CBR pro-)Tj
-15.14805 -1.15791 TD
0.373 Tw
[(jects tak)10(es place as problems emer)17(ge,)-608(with the)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.216 Tw
[(instructors playing a f)9(acilitating role between stu-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.151 Tw
(dents and community partners. Some of the issues)Tj
0 -1.15791 TD
0 Tw
(tha)Tj
1.17668 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(t)Tj
0.57152 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.074 Tw
[(require the instructor)-1<73D5>-235(attention include misun-)]TJ
-1.7482 -1.15791 TD
0.261 Tw
[(derstandings between partner)-1(s and students about)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.161 Tw
[(oles and responsibilities,)-396(partners\325)-322(changing needs)]TJ
-0.31776 -1.15791 TD
0.042 Tw
[(with re)15(g)5(ar)-1(d to the research process and product,)-277(and)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.013 Tw
[(basic communication dif)25(f)20(iculties compounded b)-1(y the)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.121 Tw
[(f)10(act that a CBR project does not al)9(w)10(ays f)20(it into an)]TJ
T*
0.079 Tw
(academic calendar or setting)Tj
11.22602 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.54859 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(In the Duk)Tj
4.27412 0 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(e)Tj
0.74239 0 Td
(c)Tj
0.42901 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
[(lass,)-314(the)]TJ
-17.22012 -1.15791 TD
(students,)Tj
3.63717 0 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.70693 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.01 Tw
(ho w)Tj
1.92175 0 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(e)Tj
0.67351 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.01 Tw
[(e)15(xperienced with the comm)-1(unity)]TJ
-7.68597 -1.1579 TD
0 Tw
(par)Tj
1.23161 0 TD
0.073 Tw
[(tner)40(,)-308(were g)-1(enerally able to ne)15(gotiate these com-)]TJ
-1.23161 -1.15791 TD
-0.011 Tc
0 Tw
(ple)Tj
1.17289 0 TD
-0.0114 Tc
(x)Tj
1.09846 0 Td
(r)Tj
0.32171 0 TD
-0.012 Tc
(ela)Tj
1.13163 0 TD
-0.011 Tc
0.371 Tw
[(tionships successfully)65(,)-610(and serv)16(ed as a)]TJ
-3.72469 -1.15791 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.033 Tw
[(source of kno)25(wledge f)-1(or the instructor)40(,)-268(who had less)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.23 Tw
[(e)15(xperience with these partners. )54(At the end of the)]TJ
T*
0.007 Tw
[(CBR course,)-242(one student a)-1(ppreciated the community)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(par)Tj
1.23161 0 TD
0.049 Tw
(tner on a dif)Tj
4.78662 0 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31777 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(erent le)24(v)15(el:)-284(\322I\325m glad that we g)-1(o)1(t)-1( to)]TJ
-6.336 -1.15791 TD
0 Tw
(colla)Tj
1.86836 0 TD
(bor)Tj
1.28777 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.003 Tw
(te with [the or)Tj
5.38378 0 TD
[(g)5(anization director] w)-1(ho is so)]TJ
-8.96876 -1.15791 TD
-0.008 Tc
0.368 Tw
(enthusiastic and has suc)Tj
10.48945 0 TD
-0.0082 Tc
(h)Tj
1.10174 0 Td
-0.008 Tc
(eloquence a)Tj
5.02595 0 TD
(bout and)Tj
-16.61714 -1.1579 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(insight into the comm)Tj
8.50928 0 TD
(unity and the kids.)Tj
7.10814 0 TD
0 Tc
Tj
-14.71742 -1.15791 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.035 Tw
[(Instructors at both institutions r)-1(equire se)25(v)15(eral pr)-1(od-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15789 TD
0.253 Tw
(ucts for )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 323.4673 306.325 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(e)15(valuation)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 368.9083 306.325 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.253 Tw
[(of student progress,)-488(including)]TJ
-8.19083 -1.1579 TD
0.022 Tw
[(short written e)14(x)15(ercises,)-258(ongoing in-class updates and)]TJ
T*
0.098 Tw
[(formal presentations,)-334(and the public presentation of)]TJ
T*
-0.012 Tc
0.372 Tw
(the research projects\321a research symposium at)Tj
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.239 Tw
[(Duk)10(e,)-475(and a presentation in conjunction with the)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.123 Tw
[(community partners a)-1(t Den)40(v)15(er)55(. In ad)-1(dition to these)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.018 Tw
[(more standard for)-1(ms of e)25(v)25(aluation,)-217(instr)-1(uctors e)15(xpect)]TJ
T*
0.031 Tw
(student g)Tj
3.53402 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31777 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(o)25(wth in skills directly r)-1(elated to successful)]TJ
-3.85179 -1.15791 TD
0 Tw
(CBR,)Tj
2.41127 0.00001 TD
(suc)Tj
1.28776 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.70508 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.015 Tw
(as teamw)Tj
3.60378 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.80276 0.00001 TD
(k,)Tj
0.94029 0.00001 TD
(cultur)Tj
2.24228 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tw
(al sensiti)Tj
3.33725 0 TD
0 Tw
(vity)Tj
1.43072 0 TD
-0.015 Tw
[(,)-220(and per-)]TJ
-16.76119 -1.15795 TD
0 Tw
(sistence)Tj
3.04504 0 TD
(.)Tj
0.4704 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.018 Tw
[(hese issues are addressed thr)-1(oughout each)]TJ
-4.11128 -1.15791 TD
-0.001 Tw
[(course in class discussions and written ref)-1(lections,)-234(as)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.70692 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.185 Tw
(ell as in indi)Tj
5.23616 0.00001 TD
(vidual meetings between instructors)Tj
-5.94308 -1.15791 TD
0.006 Tw
(and students; these discussions enable the instructors)Tj
0 -1.15789 TD
0.173 Tw
(to g)Tj
1.63545 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(aug)Tj
1.39885 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.83629 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(students\325)Tj
3.80869 0 TD
0.173 Tw
[(progress and pro)15(vide support if)]TJ
-7.67928 -1.15793 TD
0.002 Tw
[(necessary)65(. Students also e)25(v)25(alua)-1(te themselv)15(es in these)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0.187 Tw
(skills ar)Tj
3.18988 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(eas,)Tj
1.88855 0.00001 TD
0.187 Tw
[(and this informa)-1(tion is compared and)]TJ
-5.07843 -1.15792 TD
-0.017 Tw
[(contrasted with informal co)-1(m)1(ments)-1( )1(fr)-1(om community)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.012 Tw
[(partners and the instructor)-1<73D5>-149(o)25(wn observ)25(ations. )30(While)]TJ
T*
0.183 Tw
[(these acti)25(vities pro)15(vide v)24(aluable informa)-1(tion about)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
-0.004 Tw
[(student learning,)-232(the instructors are w)10(or)-1(king on more)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0.065 Tw
[(systematic strate)14(gies for measuring student progress)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.025 Tw
[(rele)25(v)25(ant to CBR.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 62)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
63 0 obj
<<
/Length 14727
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(63)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 301.1406 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Mana)10(ging the Challeng)9(es of )18(T)92(eac)15(hing CBR Cour)9(ses)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Additional Challeng)10(es and Oppor)-1(tunities)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 681.1503 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.039 Tw
(In addition to the challenges outlined by Strand et)Tj
-0.9 -1.166 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42891 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.129 Tw
[(l. (2003) in teaching CBR courses,)-365(the instructors)]TJ
-0.42891 -1.166 TD
0.255 Tw
[(ha)20(v)15(e obser)-1(v)15(ed tw)10(o other f)10(actor)-1(s influencing their)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42887 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.063 Tw
[(ourses. Each of these has presented challeng)-1(es and)]TJ
-0.42887 -1.16601 TD
0.025 Tw
[(opportunities af)25(fecting the course e)15(xper)-1(ience. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 622.8501 Tm
0 g
-0.007 Tc
0.367 Tw
(Institutional support)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 155.0953 622.8501 Tm
0 g
-0.0072 Tc
(.)Tj
0.79783 0 Td
-0.007 Tc
0.367 Tw
[(As instructors,)-610(we ha)20(v)15(e)]TJ
-10.10736 -1.16601 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.326 Tw
[(observ)15(ed the role of institutional support in our)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0.122 Tw
[(courses. Polyani and Cockb)19(urn (2003) describe the)]TJ
T*
0.002 Tw
[(potential dif)25(f)20(iculties of crea)-1(ting a CBR identity with-)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
0.028 Tw
[(in the uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity conte)15(xt,)-263(particularly in light of b)20(ud-)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0.061 Tw
[(getary restr)-1(ictions. )18(The Duk)10(e course is connected to)]TJ
T*
0.2 Tw
[(tw)10(o grant-funded projects at Duk)9(e,)-435(Project HOPE)]TJ
0 -1.16602 TD
0.115 Tw
[(\(K)25(ello)-1(gg F)15(oundation\) and Scholarship with a Ci)25(vic)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0.005 Tc
0.409 Tw
[(Mission \(Fund for the Impro)15(v)15(ement of Post-)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.016 Tw
[(Secondary Education,)-220(Department of Education\); the)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0.004 Tw
[(fourth and f)20(inal funded installation of the Duk)9(e CBR)]TJ
T*
0.237 Tw
[(course will tak)10(e place in f)9(all 2006. )55(Although the)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
0.054 Tw
[(future of this CBR course be)15(yond grant funding has)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0.067 Tw
[(not been determined,)-303(Duk)10(e has made a strong com-)]TJ
T*
0.013 Tw
(mitment to ci)Tj
5.1382 0 TD
(vic eng)Tj
2.81843 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ement and r)Tj
4.58055 0 TD
(elated scholarship)Tj
-13.45103 -1.16602 TD
0 Tw
(thr)Tj
1.0656 0 TD
0.275 Tw
(ough the esta)Tj
5.63097 0 TD
0 Tc
(b)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(lishment of a Council on Ci)Tj
12.02676 0 TD
0 Tw
(vic)Tj
-19.20833 -1.16602 TD
0.134 Tw
[(Eng)5(agement and an Of)25(f)20(ice of Service-Lear)-1(ning,)-369(so)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0.052 Tw
[(there will be other a)19(v)15(enues through which to pursue)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
0.295 Tw
[(CBR. F)15(or e)15(xample)-1(,)-530(in summer 2006,)-530(Duk)9(e w)10(as)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0.288 Tw
(named a subg)Tj
5.895 0 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(antee in a Lear)Tj
6.55241 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(n)Tj
1.00819 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(and Ser)Tj
3.20989 0 TD
[(v)15(e grant)]TJ
-16.98325 -1.16601 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.41396 0 TD
(w)Tj
0.69715 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.327 Tw
[(arded to a Pri)-1(nce)1(t)-1(on Uni)25(v)15(ersity/Bonner F)15(oun-)]TJ
-1.11111 -1.16602 TD
0 Tw
(da)Tj
0.91385 0 TD
0.259 Tw
(tion par)Tj
3.22103 0 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.49444 0 TD
0.259 Tw
(ship designed to suppor)Tj
9.90196 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.75659 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(CBR; this)Tj
-16.28787 -1.16601 TD
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.80276 0 TD
-0.02 Tw
(oject will fur)Tj
4.91378 0 TD
(ther CBR in the Program in Education)Tj
-5.71654 -1.16601 TD
0.069 Tw
[(at Duk)10(e. Institutional support also includes commu-)]TJ
T*
0.202 Tw
[(nity partnerships. Each successi)24(v)15(e semester of the)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0 Tw
(cour)Tj
1.71661 0 TD
0.206 Tw
(se has strengthened the connection of student)Tj
-1.71661 -1.166 TD
0.011 Tw
[(research to community needs,)-246(and raised the visibili-)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
0.025 Tw
(ty of the benef)Tj
5.63297 0 TD
[(its of collaborati)24(v)15(e research.)]TJ
-4.73297 -1.16601 TD
0.083 Tw
[(Ho)25(we)25(v)15(er)39(,)-318(wh)1(ile the comm)-1(unity partners associat-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.166 TD
-0.023 Tw
(ed with the cour)Tj
6.16016 0 TD
[(se are f)9(amiliar with the lar)18(ger conte)15(xt)]TJ
-6.16016 -1.16601 TD
0.365 Tw
[(of Duk)10(e-Durham rela)-1(tionships,)-600(the)15(y are not yet)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
0.053 Tw
(accustomed to the role student research projects can)Tj
T*
0.025 Tw
[(play in supporting their w)9(ork. )]TJ
0.9 -1.16601 TD
0.152 Tw
[(At Den)40(v)15(er)39(,)-387(institutional support has gro)25(wn since)]TJ
-0.9 -1.166 TD
0.093 Tw
(the mid 1990s as the visibility and success of CBR)Tj
T*
0.02 Tw
(has increased. Each year 10-15 students enroll in the)Tj
0 -1.16601 TD
0.199 Tw
[(CBR class,)-434(and the instructor recei)25(v)15(es one course)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
-0.037 Tw
[(release to undertak)10(e and supervise grant-funded CBR)]TJ
0 -1.16599 TD
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.80276 0.00001 TD
(ojects. )Tj
2.7083 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.014 Tw
(he instr)Tj
2.86503 0.00001 TD
(uctor has also been a)Tj
8.06971 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(b)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(le to ta)Tj
2.62887 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(p)Tj
0.7337 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(into)Tj
-18.88921 -1.16605 TD
0.126 Tw
(the r)Tj
1.855 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(esour)Tj
2.09053 0.00001 TD
0.126 Tw
[(ces of)25(fered by the uni)24(v)15(ersity\325)55(s Center for)]TJ
-3.94553 -1.16601 TD
0.004 Tc
0 Tw
(Comm)Tj
2.73999 0 TD
0.356 Tw
(unity Eng)Tj
4.30629 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.44818 0.00001 TD
(g)Tj
0.50433 0.00001 TD
0.004 Tc
(ement and Ser)Tj
6.4874 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(vice-Lear)Tj
3.86859 0 TD
(ning)Tj
1.79517 0 TD
0 Tc
(.)Tj
-20.14995 -1.16605 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.259 Tw
[(These resources include co-authoring grants,)-495(bor-)]TJ
0 -1.16601 TD
0.018 Tw
[(ro)25(wing videos and ha)20(ving access to rele)24(v)25(ant journals)]TJ
0 -1.166 TD
-0.019 Tw
[(and books,)-216(and ha)19(ving opportunities to be part of dis-)]TJ
T*
0.077 Tw
[(cussions on service-learning,)-312(ci)25(vic eng)4(a)1(gement,)-312(and)]TJ
T*
0.135 Tw
(CBR in local,)Tj
5.91786 0.00001 TD
[(re)15(gional,)-370(and national settings. Such)]TJ
-5.9179 -1.166 TD
0.127 Tw
[(resources pro)15(vide v)25(aluable suppor)-1(t for CBR acti)25(vi-)]TJ
T*
0.233 Tw
(ties and ensure that the personal and institutional)Tj
T*
0.302 Tw
[(commitment is maintained. In addition,)-538(Den)40(v)15(er\325)55(s)]TJ
22.5 63.68419 TD
0.359 Tw
[(CBR ef)25(forts ha)19(v)15(e spa)15(wned the initiation of the)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.004 Tc
0.356 Tw
[(Colorado Community-Based Research Netw)10(or)-1(k)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.087 Tw
[((CCBRN),)-322(a city-wide netw)9(ork of community part-)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
0.207 Tw
[(ners and uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity-based researchers and this has)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.074 Tw
(resulted in additional funding support for CBR pro-)Tj
T*
0.031 Tw
[(jects \(Stoeck)10(er)39(,)-266(et al.,)-265(2003\). On a)20(v)14(erage,)-265(eight CBR)]TJ
T*
0.168 Tw
[(projects are completed each year thr)-1(ough this net-)]TJ
T*
0.127 Tw
[(w)10(ork,)-362(including the projects from the CBR course)-1(.)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
0.186 Tw
[(This netw)10(ork pr)-1(o)15(vides an arr)1(ay of in- and out-of-)]TJ
T*
0.098 Tw
(class opportunities for students to pursue CBR \(see)Tj
0 -1.15238 TD
0.025 Tw
[(www)65(.ccbrn.or)17(g for details\).)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 573.2485 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.117 Tw
[(Dissemination of r)37(esear)36(c)15(h pr)45(oducts and f)20(indings)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 488.4999 573.2485 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
-20.14999 -1.15239 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.147 Tw
[(Dissemination of research products and f)19(indings is)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.104 Tw
[(another dimension important for these tw)9(o courses.)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
0.053 Tw
[(At the end of each semester of the Duk)10(e cour)-1(se,)-288(the)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.123 Tw
[(Project HOPE leadership pr)-1(o)15(vided a research sym-)]TJ
T*
0.189 Tw
[(posium to present the students\325)-350(projects to f)9(aculty)]TJ
T*
-0.002 Tw
[(and community partners. More systema)-1(tic ef)25(forts are)]TJ
T*
0.272 Tw
[(underw)10(ay to produce appropr)-1(iate compilations of)]TJ
T*
0.126 Tw
[(research f)20(indings for a lar)17(ger audience,)-361(particularly)]TJ
T*
-0.024 Tw
[(other community partners in the Duk)9(e Neighborhood)]TJ
T*
-0.006 Tw
[(P)15(artner)-1(ship who may become in)40(v)20(olv)15(ed with comm)-1(u-)]TJ
T*
-0.017 Tw
[(nity-based research at Duk)9(e)1(. )55(At Den)39(v)15(er)40(,)-218(students pre-)]TJ
T*
-0.007 Tw
(sent their f)Tj
4.06145 0 TD
(indings in tr)Tj
4.62361 0 TD
(aditional \(e)Tj
4.33843 0 TD
0 Tw
(.g)Tj
0.72 0 TD
(.,)Tj
0.6978 0 TD
(wr)Tj
1.02469 0 TD
-0.007 Tw
(itten r)Tj
2.2479 0 TD
0 Tw
(eports\))Tj
-17.71388 -1.1524 TD
0.003 Tc
0.357 Tw
[(and non-traditional \(e.g.,)-610(community meetings,)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ne)Tj
0.88895 0 TD
-0.025 Tw
[(wsletters,)-180(W)80(eb sites\) for)-1(ms. )55(Also,)-210(if deemed appro-)]TJ
-0.88895 -1.15239 TD
-0.001 Tw
[(pria)-1(te by the instructor)40(,)-234(and if the community partner)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
-0.014 Tc
0.374 Tw
[(permits,)-610(the resear)-1(c)1(h tools and products of the)]TJ
0 Tc
(r)'
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(esear)Tj
1.97823 0 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.84958 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(ar)Tj
0.74687 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.79359 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(shar)Tj
1.60564 0 TD
0.13 Tw
(ed pub)Tj
2.7337 0 TD
0 Tw
(lic)Tj
0.95451 0 TD
0 Tc
(l)Tj
0.26283 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.84964 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.13 Tw
[(through the CCBRN\325)55(s)]TJ
-11.5212 -1.1524 TD
0.004 Tw
[(W)80(eb site. Understandably)65(,)-240(some community partners)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.114 Tw
(hoose not to shar)Tj
6.89144 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.77794 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(this ma)Tj
2.92549 0 TD
0 Tw
(ter)Tj
1.00944 0 TD
0.114 Tw
[(ial,)-349(par)-1(ticularly those)]TJ
-12.03316 -1.15239 TD
-0.028 Tw
[(partners whose pr)-1(ogr)1(ams ha)19(v)15(e sponsored a CBR pro-)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.029 Tw
[(ject that included program e)25(v)24(alu)1(a)-1(tion. )18(The instructor)]TJ
T*
0.133 Tw
(has maintained a lar)Tj
8.10427 0 TD
(ge collection of research prod-)Tj
-8.10427 -1.15238 TD
0.125 Tw
(ucts to illustr)Tj
5.24687 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(te the di)Tj
3.31172 0 TD
[(v)15(er)-1(se projects undertak)10(en by)]TJ
-8.98744 -1.15239 TD
0.148 Tw
(his students. Students fr)Tj
9.62415 0 TD
0 Tw
(equentl)Tj
2.83836 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.86819 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.148 Tw
(use samples fr)Tj
5.80648 0 TD
0 Tw
(om)Tj
-19.13718 -1.15239 TD
0.179 Tw
(their CBR projects to illustrate research skills and)Tj
0 -1.15238 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ci)25(vic eng)4(a)1(gement to potential emplo)9(yers.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 317.6804 254.7491 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Discussion and Future Directions)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 236.0252 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.019 Tw
[(Using Strand et al.)7055(s (2003) frame)24(w)10(ork allo)25(wed us)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15238 TD
0.101 Tw
[(to describe our courses in an ef)25(fort to better under)-1(-)]TJ
T*
0.033 Tw
(stand the pedagogy of CBR in each institutional and)Tj
T*
0.074 Tw
[(community conte)15(xt and to infor)-1(m rede)25(v)15(elopment of)]TJ
T*
0.11 Tw
[(each course)-1(. )30(W)80(e belie)25(v)15(e that this frame)24(w)10(ork w)10(ould)]TJ
T*
-0.027 Tw
[(be useful for prospecti)25(v)14(e and curr)1(ent CBR instr)-1(uctors)]TJ
T*
-0.007 Tw
[(as the)15(y de)25(v)15(elop sylla)-1(bi and research projects for their)]TJ
T*
-0.002 Tw
[(o)25(wn courses. Service-lear)-1(ning instructors with estab-)]TJ
T*
0.1 Tw
(lished r)Tj
2.95134 0 TD
0 Tw
(ela)Tj
1.12053 0.00001 TD
0.1 Tw
(tionships with comm)Tj
8.30372 0.00001 TD
(unity par)Tj
3.54742 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.49444 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.70894 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(might)Tj
-18.12639 -1.15241 TD
0.056 Tw
(consider making the shift to CBR. )Tj
13.7254 0 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(hese instructors)Tj
-14.32124 -1.15239 TD
0.076 Tw
[(will recognize f)9(acets of the challenges that we ha)19(v)15(e)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.308 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.085 Tw
(aced in teac)Tj
4.70848 0.00001 TD
(hing CBR,)Tj
4.54854 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(suc)Tj
1.28776 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.80469 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.085 Tw
[(as the le)25(v)15(els of uncer-)]TJ
-11.65747 -1.1524 TD
0.088 Tw
(tainty and the need to monitor students in the com-)Tj
0 -1.15238 TD
-0.035 Tw
[(munity)65(. )55(As we ha)20(v)14(e illustrated,)-200(CBR presents instruc-)]TJ
T*
-0.017 Tw
[(tors with additional challeng)-1(es )1(w)-1(hen students eng)5(age)]TJ
T*
0.174 Tw
[(in collaboration,)-409(critical anal)-1(ysis,)-409(collecti)25(v)15(e action,)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 63)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
64 0 obj
<<
/Length 14628
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(64)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Stoc)20(king and Cutforth)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.038 Tw
[(and adv)20(ocac)14(y for the purpose of social change with-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(i)Tj
0.26291 0.00001 TD
(n)Tj
0.8738 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.154 Tw
[(the conte)15(xt of resear)-1(c)1(h. )55(Anticipa)-1(ting these chal-)]TJ
-1.13671 -1.15789 TD
0.123 Tw
[(lenges can help instructors de)24(v)15(elop ef)25(fecti)25(v)15(e strate-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.148 Tw
[(ies that of)25(fer signif)20(icant cur)-1(r)1(icular)39(,)-383(academic,)-383(and)]TJ
-0.485 -1.15789 TD
0.268 Tw
[(personal benef)19(its for students and pro)15(vide usable)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(research for the community)65(.)]TJ
0.9 -1.15789 TD
-0.028 Tw
[(Comparing our courses has spark)9(ed a collaborati)25(v)15(e)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15789 TD
0.024 Tw
[(pedagogical research agenda tha)-1(t has furthered CBR)]TJ
T*
0.056 Tw
[(ef)25(for)-1(ts at both institutions. )55(A fundamental feature of)]TJ
T*
-0.011 Tc
0.371 Tw
[(collaboration is the willingness of the in)40(v)20(olv)15(ed)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.226 Tw
[(instructors to,)-461(in essence,)-461(start from scratc)-1(h. )18(This)]TJ
T*
0.227 Tw
[(in)40(v)19(olv)15(es being open to e)25(v)25(aluating themselv)15(es and)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.048 Tw
[(their present teaching approac)-1(hes; being prepared to)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.138 Tw
[(discard man)15(y of their old practices and pr)-1(ocedures)]TJ
T*
0.014 Tw
[(that are not ef)24(f)1(ecti)24(v)15(e; and being acti)25(v)15(e in seeking out)]TJ
T*
0.27 Tw
[(or de)25(v)15(eloping,)-505(implementing,)-505(and e)25(v)25(alua)-1(ting ne)25(w)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0.076 Tw
[(approaches,)-311(particularly in light of opportunities for)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.004 Tc
0.364 Tw
[(reflection \(Bauw)-1(ens & Hourcade,)-610(1995; Cress,)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.012 Tw
(2003\). Ev)Tj
3.80621 0 TD
(en though our institutions and students dif-)Tj
-3.80621 -1.15789 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.02 Tw
[(er in some w)10(ays,)-216(this collaboration has enabled us to)]TJ
-0.31776 -1.1579 TD
0 Tw
(shar)Tj
1.60553 -0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.69457 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.031 Tw
[(solutions to the ine)25(vitable challeng)-1(es that arise)]TJ
-2.30011 -1.15789 TD
0.067 Tw
[(in CBR classes. F)15(or e)14(xample,)-301(ongoing de)24(v)15(elopment)]TJ
T*
0.207 Tw
[(of the ne)25(wer Duk)10(e cour)-1(se has benef)20(ited from the)]TJ
T*
0.262 Tw
[(strate)14(gies and solutions already de)25(v)15(eloped by the)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(instructor at the Uni)25(v)14(ersity of Den)40(v)15(er)54(.)]TJ
0.9 -1.15789 TD
-0.01 Tc
0.195 Tw
[(In addition to the discussion we ha)20(v)15(e pr)-1(o)15(vided)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15789 TD
0.276 Tw
[(here,)-516(it is appropriate to ref)-1(lect on the personal)]TJ
T*
0.135 Tw
[(dimensions of teaching CBR. )18(The Duk)10(e instructor)]TJ
T*
0.15 Tw
(has found the CBR course to be both challenging)Tj
T*
0.211 Tw
(and sa)Tj
2.67808 0 TD
(tisfying because of the possibility for con-)Tj
-2.67808 -1.15789 TD
0.315 Tw
[(trib)19(uting to community issues and strengthening)]TJ
T*
-0.006 Tc
0.371 Tw
[(uni)25(v)14(ersity-community partnerships. )17(The students)]TJ
T*
-0.01 Tc
0.159 Tw
[(from this course w)-1(ere similarly enthusiastic about)]TJ
T*
0.009 Tc
0.356 Tw
(the oppor)Tj
4.2422 0 TD
(tunities CBR pr)Tj
7.12607 0 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.4942 0 TD
0.009 Tc
(vided f)Tj
3.22402 0 TD
(or incr)Tj
3.05677 0 TD
0 Tw
(eased)Tj
-18.14326 -1.15791 TD
-0.01 Tc
(eng)Tj
1.40898 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.43385 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.49001 0 TD
-0.01 Tc
0.019 Tw
(ement with the comm)Tj
8.55775 0 TD
(unity on issues of m)Tj
7.9288 0 TD
0 Tw
(utu-)Tj
-18.81939 -1.15791 TD
0.317 Tw
(al concer)Tj
3.86302 0.00001 TD
(n. One student wr)Tj
7.88994 0 TD
[(ote,)-557(\322Often times in)]TJ
-11.75296 -1.1579 TD
0 Tw
(sc)Tj
0.81277 0 TD
0.03 Tw
[(hool when we do assignments or research it\325)55(s just)]TJ
-0.81277 -1.15789 TD
0.063 Tw
[(to learn HO)35(W to research and learn,)-304(which is v)25(alu-)]TJ
T*
-0.018 Tw
[(able and surely we did that kind of learning here,)-222(b)20(ut)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.021 Tw
[(the end w)10(asn\325)17(t just learning,)-261(b)20(ut to come up with an)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.112 Tw
(actual useful pr)Tj
6.22796 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(oduct.)Tj
2.34189 0 TD
0 Tc
Tj
0.78613 0.00001 TD
-0.01 Tc
(Fur)Tj
1.35869 0 TD
0.112 Tw
[(thermore,)-352(these students)]TJ
-10.71467 -1.15792 TD
-0.037 Tw
[(described ho)25(w the CBR course g)5(a)19(v)15(e them a ne)25(w w)10(ay)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.022 Tw
(to na)Tj
1.92418 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(vig)Tj
1.24297 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.43385 0.00001 TD
-0.01 Tc
0.022 Tw
[(te colle)15(ge,)-262(a path inf)-1(ormed by their e)15(xperi-)]TJ
-3.601 -1.15791 TD
0.335 Tw
(ence in direct problem-solving through research)Tj
0 -1.15788 TD
0.326 Tw
(with local groups. Opportunities for students to)Tj
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.006 Tc
0.371 Tw
[(eng)5(ag)1(e in CBR through cours)1(e)1(s)1( )1(a)1(n)1(d)1( )1(m)1(e)1(n)1(t)1(o)1(re)1(d)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.01 Tc
0.379 Tw
[(research opportunities are increasing at Duk)9(e)]TJ
T*
-0.01 Tc
0.001 Tw
[(through the Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity\325)55(s rene)25(wed dedication to ci)25(vic)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(eng)Tj
1.40898 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.43385 0.00001 TD
(g)Tj
0.49001 0.00001 TD
-0.01 Tc
0.025 Tw
(ement and comm)Tj
6.7968 0.00001 TD
(unity par)Tj
3.51732 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.51447 0.00001 TD
(ships.)Tj
-13.26143 -1.15793 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.196 Tw
[(he Den)40(v)15(er instr)-1(uctor\325)55(s class has contrib)20(uted to)]TJ
-1.49584 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(incr)Tj
1.49445 0.00001 TD
0.02 Tw
(eased inter)Tj
4.15763 0.00001 TD
(est in CBR among students and f)Tj
12.80963 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(acul)Tj
1.60553 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.0672 -1.1579 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.017 Tw
[(ty colleagues at his institution. Se)25(v)14(eral recent f)9(acult)1(y)]TJ
T*
0.132 Tw
[(hires ha)19(v)15(e incorporated CBR into their classes and)]TJ
T*
-0.033 Tw
[(ha)20(v)15(e r)-1(ecei)25(v)15(ed internal grants to w)10(or)-1(k on projects with)]TJ
T*
0.04 Tw
[(community partners. P)-1(erhaps most satisfying for the)]TJ
T*
0.169 Tw
[(Den)40(v)15(er instr)-1(uctor is the designation of community)]TJ
22.5 63.68397 TD
0.162 Tw
[(eng)5(agement as one of three foci in the Colle)14(ge of)]TJ
0 -1.15352 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(E)Tj
0.59589 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.066 Tw
[(ducation\325)55(s mission,)-301(as well as a commitment from)]TJ
-0.59589 -1.15352 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.26288 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.121 Tw
(he administration to incorporate the scholarship of)Tj
-0.26288 -1.15353 TD
-0.021 Tw
[(eng)5(agement into appointment,)-214(pr)-1(omotion,)-214(and tenure)]TJ
0 -1.15351 TD
0 Tw
[(criter)-1(ia. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15352 TD
0.167 Tw
[(After taking the Den)40(v)15(er CBR c)-1(lass,)-401(six to eight)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15352 TD
0.171 Tw
(students each year deepen their CBR commitment)Tj
0 -1.15351 TD
0.128 Tw
(through a progression that includes internships and)Tj
0 -1.15352 TD
0.097 Tw
[(paid opportunities \(see )18(T)80(able 1\). )17(T)1(hese students are)]TJ
T*
0.135 Tw
[(inspired by their community partner)-1(s who,)-370(in turn,)]TJ
T*
-0.007 Tw
[(are a)-1(ppreciati)25(v)15(e of the students\325)-154(ef)24(forts. Students f)20(ind)]TJ
T*
-0.01 Tc
0.37 Tw
[(CBR e)15(xperiences challeng)-1(ing b)20(ut recognize the)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.115 Tw
[(v)25(alue of learning about resear)-1(c)1(h in a pr)-1(actical con-)]TJ
0 -1.15353 TD
-0.001 Tw
[(te)15(xt. F)14(aculty are increasingly a)15(w)10(ar)-1(e of the benef)20(its of)]TJ
0 -1.15351 TD
0.029 Tw
[(CBR for students. In an email communication a f)9(ac-)]TJ
0 -1.15353 TD
0.002 Tw
[(ulty colleague ref)-1(lected as follo)25(ws:)-237(\322The e)15(xperiences)]TJ
0 -1.15352 TD
0.197 Tw
[(that our Librar)-1(y and Information Science students)]TJ
0 -1.15351 TD
0.336 Tw
[(ha)20(v)15(e had w)9(orking on community-based research)]TJ
T*
0.045 Tw
[(ha)20(v)15(e been e)14(xtraordinary)65(. )18(The)14(y are particularly e)15(xcit-)]TJ
0 -1.15353 TD
0.135 Tw
[(ed to see that their research ef)24(f)1(or)-1(ts result in polic)15(y)]TJ
0 -1.15352 TD
0.032 Tw
[(changes and impro)15(v)15(ements in the li)25(v)14(es of communi-)]TJ
0 -1.15351 TD
0.087 Tw
[(ty residents.)70-323(\(Sylvia Hall-Ellis,)-322(personal communi-)]TJ
0 -1.15352 TD
0 Tw
[(cation,)-260(10/20/05\). )]TJ
0.9 -1.15352 TD
(Ong)Tj
1.67693 0 TD
0.11 Tw
(oing e)Tj
2.46727 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4601 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(alua)Tj
1.60553 0 TD
0.11 Tw
(tion and r)Tj
3.90327 0 TD
0 Tw
(ef)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
(lection,)Tj
3.19669 0 TD
0.11 Tw
[(lik)10(e this ear)-1(l)1(y)]TJ
-14.9564 -1.15354 TD
0.062 Tw
[(attempt at systematic comparisons between tw)9(o dif-)]TJ
0 -1.15351 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74662 0 TD
0.065 Tw
(ent cour)Tj
3.19347 0 TD
[(ses,)-300(can contrib)19(ute to the de)25(v)15(elopment of)]TJ
-4.25785 -1.15353 TD
0.135 Tw
(CBR c)Tj
2.75463 0 TD
(lasses tha)Tj
3.78876 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.63261 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(enhance m)Tj
4.30305 0 TD
[(utually satisfying rela)-1(-)]TJ
-11.47905 -1.15353 TD
0.17 Tw
[(tionships with community partners. Our collabor)-1(a)1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15351 TD
0.156 Tw
(tion as instructors has also resulted in pedagogical)Tj
0 -1.15352 TD
0.007 Tw
[(benef)20(its as we hone our CBR teac)-1(hing stra)1(te)14(gies. )30(W)80(e)]TJ
T*
0.036 Tw
[(continue to be e)15(xcited about the potential of CBR in)]TJ
T*
0.044 Tw
[(higher education. )30(W)80(e belie)24(v)15(e that CBR pro)15(vides our)]TJ
0 -1.15351 TD
0.11 Tw
(students with v)Tj
6.02487 0 TD
0 Tw
(alua)Tj
1.60553 0 TD
0 Tc
(b)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.11 Tw
(le r)Tj
1.35436 0 TD
0 Tw
(esear)Tj
1.97823 0 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.82977 0 Td
(e)Tj
0.4141 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(xper)Tj
1.71662 0 TD
0.11 Tw
[(iences as the)15(y)]TJ
-14.83733 -1.15354 TD
-0.029 Tw
[(respond to the needs of community partners,)-206(and ulti)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15352 TD
0.199 Tw
[(matel)-1(y supports the ci)25(vic eng)5(agement missions of)]TJ
0 -1.15351 TD
0.025 Tw
(our r)Tj
1.86553 0 TD
0 Tw
(especti)Tj
2.64623 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.68884 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(uni)Tj
1.20795 0 TD
[(v)15(er)-1(siti)1(es.)]TJ
-5.97865 -1.15353 TD
(Ho)Tj
1.16702 0 TD
0.028 Tw
[(we)25(v)15(er)39(,)-263(more research is necessary on the ef)25(fec-)]TJ
-2.06702 -1.15353 TD
0.308 Tw
[(ti)25(v)14(eness of particular teaching strate)15(gies in CBR)]TJ
0 -1.15352 TD
0.005 Tw
[(courses,)-240(as w)-1(ell as research on the outcomes of CBR)]TJ
0 -1.15351 TD
0.256 Tw
[(for the students,)-491(f)10(aculty)65(,)-491(and community partners)]TJ
0 -1.15353 TD
0 Tw
(in)Tj
0.70804 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.46522 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(olv)Tj
1.21794 0.00001 TD
0.003 Tw
[(ed. Ho)25(w does in)39(v)20(olv)15(ement in CBR impact stu-)]TJ
-2.3912 -1.15354 TD
0.336 Tw
[(dents\325)-498(academic and career interests? Ho)25(w does)]TJ
0 -1.15351 TD
0 Tw
(longter)Tj
2.72728 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(m)Tj
1.03158 0 Td
(f)Tj
0.30823 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.034 Tw
[(aculty in)40(v)19(olv)15(ement in CBR af)25(fect the uni-)]TJ
-4.06709 -1.15353 TD
0.041 Tw
[(v)15(er)-1(sity conte)15(xt? )30(What are the processes of CBR that)]TJ
T*
0.095 Tw
[(adv)25(ance a social change a)-1(genda in the community?)]TJ
0 -1.15352 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.84901 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.75329 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(belie)Tj
1.84358 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.75332 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(tha)Tj
1.17677 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.58737 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.09 Tw
(the ans)Tj
2.78902 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.70692 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.69842 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.09 Tw
(to these kinds of ques-)Tj
-11.37441 -1.15355 TD
0.218 Tw
(tions will demonstrate patterns and conditions for)Tj
0 -1.15352 TD
0.1 Tw
[(successful CBR w)10(or)-1(k to f)10(aculty)65(,)-335(students,)-334(the com)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15351 TD
0.277 Tw
[(munity)65(,)-512(higher education institutions,)-512(pr)-1(ofessional)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(associa)Tj
2.78221 0 TD
(tions,)Tj
2.36459 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(and the lar)Tj
4.08715 0.00001 TD
(ger public.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 376.1711 115.895 Tm
0 g
(Notes)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 94.5598 Tm
0 g
0.199 Tw
[(Earlier v)14(ersions of this w)10(ork w)-1(ere presented at the)]TJ
-1 -1.17058 TD
0.015 Tc
0.36 Tw
[(Fifth )54(Annual International Conference on Service-)]TJ
0 -1.17057 TD
0 Tc
0.164 Tw
[(Learning Research,)-414(Lansing)-1(,)-414(Michig)5(an,)-415(No)15(v)15(ember 13-)]TJ
0 -1.17058 TD
0.003 Tw
[(15,)-253(2005. )17(T)1(he author)-1(s ackno)25(wledge the helpful feedback)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 64)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
65 0 obj
<<
/Length 14931
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(65)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 301.1406 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Mana)10(ging the Challeng)9(es of )18(T)92(eac)15(hing CBR Cour)9(ses)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 62 700.7092 Tm
0 g
0.031 Tw
[(recei)25(v)15(ed from participants a)-1(t that conference,)-282(the contri-)]TJ
0 -1.21428 TD
(b)Tj
0.48022 0.00001 TD
0.046 Tw
[(ution of Dr)55(. Gary Lichtenstein and Dr)54(. Robert Shumer)40(,)]TJ
-0.48022 -1.2143 TD
0.052 Tw
[(and that of tw)10(o anon)14(ymous re)25(vie)25(wers in the preparation)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(of this manuscript. )Tj
1 -1.61428 TD
(V)Tj
0.66211 0.00001 TD
0.295 Tw
[(icki Stocking\325)54(s community-based research course)]TJ
-1.66211 -1.2143 TD
0.021 Tw
[(w)10(as sponsored by Project HOPE \(Holistic Opportuniti)-1(es)]TJ
T*
0.131 Tw
[(Plan for Enric)-1(hment\),)-380(whic)-1(h w)10(as supported by a grant)]TJ
0 -1.21428 TD
0.193 Tw
[(from the K)24(ellogg F)15(oundation; and Scholarship with a)]TJ
0 -1.2143 TD
0.032 Tw
[(Ci)25(vic Mission,)-282(funded by the Fund for the Impro)14(v)15(ement)]TJ
0 -1.21429 TD
0.296 Tw
[(of Post-Secondary Education \(FIPSE; Depar)-1(tment of)]TJ
0 -1.21428 TD
-0.012 Tw
[(Education\). Community-based resear)-1(c)1(h at the Uni)24(v)15(ersity)]TJ
0 -1.2143 TD
-0.022 Tw
[(of Den)40(v)15(er has been supported b)-1(y the Bonner F)15(oundation,)]TJ
0 -1.21429 TD
0.223 Tw
[(the Piton F)15(oundation,)-473(and the Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity of Den)40(v)15(er\325)54(s)]TJ
0 -1.21428 TD
0.025 Tw
(Public Good Fund. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 140.3188 535.9684 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(Refer)-1(ences)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 62 514.2399 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.127 Tw
[(Bauwens,)-362(J. & Hourcade,)-362(J.J. (1995) )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 198.1985 514.2399 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.127 Tw
[(Cooper)15(ative teac)14(h-)]TJ
-14.13317 -1.2143 TD
-0.017 Tw
[(ing:)-218(Reb)20(uilding the sc)15(hoolhouse f)-1(or all students)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 237.7017 503.3112 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(\(Austin,)Tj
-18.52241 -1.2143 TD
[(TX:)-260(Pr)-1(o-Ed\).)]TJ
-1 -1.61429 TD
0.127 Tw
[(Chapdelaine,)-308(A.,)-362(& Chapman,)-363(B. L. (1999). Using com-)]TJ
1 -1.21429 TD
0.079 Tw
(munity-based research projects to teach research meth-)Tj
0 -1.2143 TD
0 Tw
(ods. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 87.5503 455.9966 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(T)92(eac)15(hing of Psyc)14(holo)10(gy)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 170.3239 455.9966 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 174.7789 455.9966 Tm
0 g
(2)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 179.1439 455.9966 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(6(2),)-260(101-108.)]TJ
-13.01599 -1.61429 TD
0.096 Tw
[(Council for Under)18(graduate Research. (2004). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 225.4027 441.468 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(A)Tj
0.9271 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.096 Tw
[(surve)30(y of)]TJ
-18.08296 -1.21429 TD
-0.011 Tc
0.371 Tw
[(attitudes towar)37(ds community-based r)36(esear)37(c)15(h)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 237.4497 430.5394 Tm
0 g
-0.0111 Tc
(.)Tj
0.84882 0 Td
-0.011 Tc
(http://)Tj
-19.34323 -1.2143 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(www)65(.cur)55(.or)17(g/pdf/CUR2004CBR_Surv)15(e)15(yResult.pdf)]TJ
-1 -1.61429 TD
(Cr)Tj
0.96976 0 TD
(ess,)Tj
1.741 0 TD
0.094 Tw
(C. \(F)Tj
2.06009 0 TD
(all 2003\). Making comm)Tj
9.89533 0 TD
(unity-based lear)Tj
6.26765 0 TD
0 Tw
(ning)Tj
-19.93383 -1.21432 TD
0.281 Tw
[(meaningful:)-516(F)15(aculty ef)24(f)1(or)-1(ts to increase student ci)25(vic)]TJ
0 -1.21429 TD
0 Tw
(eng)Tj
1.39397 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(agement skills. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 138.0726 383.2248 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.48598 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(r)15(ansformations)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 195.4222 383.2248 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 199.8773 383.2248 Tm
0 g
(1)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 204.2423 383.2248 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(9(2),)Tj
2.10053 0 TD
(87-95.)Tj
-17.90523 -1.61429 TD
(Hellison,)Tj
3.74301 0 TD
0 Tc
(D)Tj
0.70692 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(.,)Tj
0.70983 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(&)Tj
1.00259 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Cutf)Tj
1.71765 0 TD
0.005 Tw
[(orth,)-240(N. (Eds.). (2000). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 214.4389 368.6962 Tm
0 g
(Y)Tj
0.44912 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.005 Tw
(outh de)Tj
2.85661 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.42884 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(elop)Tj
1.66169 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-21.33393 -1.21432 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.287 Tw
[(ment and physical activity:)-523(Linking univer)10(sities and)]TJ
0 -1.21429 TD
0 Tw
(communities)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 115.0007 346.8389 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.49488 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Champaign,)-260(IL:)-260(Human Kinetics. )]TJ
-6.38385 -1.61429 TD
-0.008 Tw
[(Cutforth,)-227(N. J. (1999). Reconciling the moral and technical)]TJ
1 -1.2143 TD
-0.031 Tw
(dimensions of teac)Tj
7.16605 0 TD
0 Tw
(hing:)Tj
2.18502 0 TD
(Mo)Tj
1.34402 0 TD
-0.031 Tw
(ving be)Tj
2.82115 0 TD
(yond notions of good)Tj
-13.51623 -1.2143 TD
0.342 Tw
[(and bad pedagogy)65(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 147.1926 310.453 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.342 Tw
[(J)25(ournal for a J)35(ust and Caring)]TJ
-8.46585 -1.21429 TD
0 Tw
(Education)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 106.7782 299.5244 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 111.2332 299.5244 Tm
0 g
(5)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 115.5982 299.5244 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((4),)-260(386-405.)]TJ
-5.95536 -1.6143 TD
(Cutf)Tj
1.71759 0 TD
0.053 Tw
[(orth,)-288(N.J. (1997). \322What\325)54(s w)10(orth doing\323:)-233(A uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity)]TJ
-0.71759 -1.21429 TD
-0.014 Tc
0.374 Tw
[(professor r)-1(eflects on an after)20(-school pro)-1(gram in a)]TJ
0 -1.2143 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Den)Tj
1.58098 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(er elementary school. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 166.6247 263.1385 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Quest)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 186.9424 263.1385 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 191.3974 263.1385 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(49)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 200.1274 263.1385 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.49501 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(130-139.)Tj
-15.8425 -1.6143 TD
0.032 Tw
[(Driscoll,)-213(A. (2000). Studying f)10(aculty and service-learning:)]TJ
1 -1.21429 TD
-0.006 Tc
0.366 Tw
[(Directions for inquiry and de)24(v)15(elopment. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 232.0026 237.6812 Tm
0 g
-0.006 Tc
[(Mic)15(higan)]TJ
-17.88918 -1.2143 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(J)25(ournal for Community Service Learning)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 215.0132 226.7525 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-260(35-41.)]TJ
-17.00147 -1.61429 TD
0 Tc
(K)Tj
0.67201 0.00001 TD
(o)Tj
0.4601 0.00001 TD
(w)Tj
0.69715 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ale)Tj
1.09563 0.00001 TD
(wski,)Tj
2.26822 0 TD
-0.03 Tw
[(B. M. (2004). Service-learning tak)9(en to a ne)25(w)]TJ
-4.19312 -1.21432 TD
-0.001 Tw
[(le)25(v)14(el through community-based research:)-179(A win-win for)]TJ
0 -1.2143 TD
-0.005 Tw
[(campus and community)65(. In M. )30(W)80(elc)-1(h & S. Billig (Eds.),)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 179.438 Tm
0 g
-0.004 Tc
0.364 Tw
[(N)1(e)16(w per)9(s)1(p)1(e)1(c)1(t)1(i)1(v)1(es in serv)1(i)1(c)1(e)1(-)1(l)1(e)1(a)1(r)1(ning:)-611(Resear)37(c)16(h to)]TJ
0 -1.21429 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.3 Tw
[(advance the f)20(ield)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 135.3948 168.5094 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.76938 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.246 Tw
[(Greenwich,)-535(CT)50(:)-535(Information Age)]TJ
-7.92436 -1.2143 TD
0 Tw
(Pub)Tj
1.51091 -0.00001 TD
(lishing)Tj
2.61741 -0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(.)Tj
-5.12832 -1.61427 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.029 Tw
[(Polyani,)-206(M.,)-206(& Cockb)19(urn,)-206(L. (2003). Opportunities and pit-)]TJ
1 -1.2143 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.308 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.349 Tw
(alls of Comm)Tj
5.96106 0 TD
(unity-Based Resear)Tj
7.88087 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42884 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(h:)Tj
1.2765 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(A)Tj
1.29043 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.349 Tw
(case stud)Tj
3.85092 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(y)Tj
0.42005 0.00001 TD
(.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 121.1948 Tm
0 g
-0.013 Tc
0.373 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of Community Service Learning)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 263.7495 121.1948 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 110.2662 Tm
0 g
(9)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 75.365 110.2662 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((3),16-25.)Tj
-1.485 -1.6143 TD
-0.007 Tw
[(Root,)-228(R.,)-228(& )17(Thorme,)-210(T)74(. (2001). Community-based projects)]TJ
1 -1.2143 TD
0.111 Tw
(in a)Tj
1.5229 0 TD
(pplied sta)Tj
3.8213 0 TD
0 Tw
(tistics:)Tj
2.83703 0.00001 TD
0.111 Tw
(Using ser)Tj
3.7804 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(vice-lear)Tj
3.36159 0.00001 TD
0.111 Tw
(ning to enhance)Tj
-15.3232 -1.2143 TD
-0.019 Tw
(student understanding. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 151.2798 73.8803 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.037 Tw
[(The American )-18(Statistician)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 240.8785 73.8803 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 244.9353 73.8803 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(55)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 253.6653 73.8803 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((4),)Tj
-20.2961 -1.2143 TD
(326-331.)Tj
24 70.86195 TD
-0.009 Tc
[(Stoeck)10(er)39(,)-610(R.,)-555(Ambler)40(,)-610(S.,)-610(Cutfor)-1(th,)-610(N)1(.,)-610(Donahue)-1(,)-609(P)111(.,)]TJ
1 -1.16667 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.205 Tw
[(Dougherty)65(,)-440(D.,)-440(Marullo,)-440(S.,)-440(Nelson,)-440(K.,)-440(& Stutts,)-440(N)1(.)]TJ
0.0049 Tc
(\()'
0.33793 0.00001 TD
0.005 Tc
0.993 Tw
[(2003\). Community-Based research netw)10(or)-1(ks:)]TJ
-0.33793 -1.16667 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.076 Tw
[(De)25(v)15(elopment and lessons lear)-1(ned in an emer)18(ging f)20(ield.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 658.7092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.02 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of Community Service Learning)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 470.2484 658.7092 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 474.3002 658.7092 Tm
0 g
(9)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 478.6652 658.7092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((3),)Tj
-20.29613 -1.16667 TD
(4)Tj
0.48495 0.00001 TD
(4-56.)Tj
-1.48495 -1.56667 TD
0.081 Tw
[(Strand,)-317(K. J. (2000). Community-based research as peda-)]TJ
1 -1.16667 TD
0.005 Tc
0 Tw
[(gogy)65(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 323.2044 623.6092 Tm
0 g
0.005 Tc
0.558 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of Community Service)]TJ
-3.02271 -1.16667 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 327.9186 613.1092 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 332.3736 613.1092 Tm
0 g
(7)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 336.7386 613.1092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-260(85-96.)]TJ
-5.52651 -1.56667 TD
-0.0153 Tc
(S)Tj
0.54075 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(trand,)-529(K.,)-529(Marullo,)-529(S)1(.,)-529(Cutforth,)-529(N.,)-529(Stoeck)10(er)39(,)-528(R.,)-529(&)]TJ
0.45925 -1.16667 TD
0.23 Tw
[(Donohue,)-465(P)111(. (2003). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 374.0025 588.5092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.23 Tw
[(Community-based Resear)37(c)15(h and)]TJ
-8.66695 -1.16667 TD
0.005 Tc
0.38 Tw
[(Higher Education:)-635(Pr)-1(inciples and pr)15(actices)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 469.4001 578.0092 Tm
0 g
0.0049 Tc
(.)Tj
0.89016 0 Td
0.005 Tc
(San)Tj
-20.15683 -1.16667 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Francisco:)-260(Josse)15(y Bass.)]TJ
-1 -1.56667 TD
0.005 Tc
0.507 Tw
[(W)80(ard,)-762(K. (2002). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 364.7072 553.4092 Tm
0 g
0.005 Tc
0.507 Tw
[(F)75(aculty Service Roles and the)]TJ
-7.63413 -1.16667 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.182 Tw
[(Sc)15(holar)9(ship of Enga)10(g)10(ement:)-400(ASHE Higher Education)]TJ
T*
0.348 Tw
[(Report )34(V)111(olume 29,)-583(Number 5)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 409.4363 532.4092 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.81795 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.348 Tw
[(San Francisco,)-583(CA:)]TJ
-13.42198 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
[(Josse)15(y-Bass.)]TJ
-1 -1.56667 TD
0.365 Tw
[(W)40(illis,)-600(J.,)-600(Peresie)-1(,)-600(J.,)-570(W)80(aldref,)-551(V)129(.,)-600(& Stockmann,)-600(D.)]TJ
1 -1.16667 TD
-0.03 Tw
[((Summer 2003). )18(The under)18(graduate perspecti)24(v)15(e on com-)]TJ
0 -1.16666 TD
-0.026 Tw
(munity-based research. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 378.1231 486.8092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.026 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of Community)]TJ
-9.12479 -1.16667 TD
0.025 Tw
(Service Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 355.7929 476.3092 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 360.2479 476.3092 Tm
0 g
(9)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 364.6129 476.3092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((3),)-260(36-43.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 371.7771 457.6693 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Authors)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 439.9693 Tm
0 g
0.072 Tw
[(VICKI B. ST)18(OCKING is a staf)24(f member of the)]TJ
-0.9 -1.05 TD
0 Tw
(Of)Tj
1.02978 0 TD
0.325 Tw
[(f)20(ice of Service-Learning at Duk)9(e Uni)25(v)15(ersity)64(.)]TJ
-1.02978 -1.05 TD
-0.023 Tw
(She teaches service-learning and community-based)Tj
T*
0.086 Tw
(research courses in the Program in Education and)Tj
T*
0.025 Tw
[(the Department of Psychology)64(. )]TJ
0.9 -1.05 TD
0.352 Tw
[(NICK CUTFOR)60(TH is associate pr)-1(ofessor of)]TJ
-0.9 -1.05 TD
0.009 Tc
0.366 Tw
[(Curriculum and Instruction in the Colle)15(ge of)]TJ
T*
0 Tc
-0.023 Tw
[(Education at the Uni)25(v)14(ersity of Den)40(v)15(er)54(. His research)]TJ
T*
-0.016 Tw
[(and teaching interests center on uni)25(v)14(ersity-commu-)]TJ
T*
0.02 Tc
0.451 Tw
[(nity partnerships,)-721(comm)-1(unity-based research,)]TJ
T*
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(youth de)25(v)15(elopment,)-275(and urban education. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 65)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
66 0 obj
<<
/Length 12361
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(66)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61.9198 716.0527 Tm
0 g
-0.0003 Tc
(M)Tj
0.83272 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(ic)15(higan J)24(ournal of Community Service Learning)-19151(F)75(all 2006,)-275(pp. 66-80)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 82.0793 427.7378 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.004 Tw
[(\322Gi)25(v)15(e a man a f)19(ish he will eat for one day)65(,)-231(teach)]TJ
-0.23103 -1.1765 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(a)Tj
0.70419 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.04 Tw
[(man to f)20(ish and he can feed himself f)-1(or a life-)]TJ
-0.70419 -1.17651 TD
0.025 Tw
[(time.)70-8729(\321 Chinese pr)-1(o)15(v)15(erb)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
14 0 0 14 71 376.1837 Tm
0 g
(O)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 81.7497 376.1837 Tm
0 g
(v)Tj
0.48511 0 TD
0.053 Tw
(er the past decade)Tj
7.29265 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.5528 0 TD
(the pr)Tj
2.35723 0 TD
(actice of using ser)Tj
7.40447 0 TD
(-)Tj
-20.06723 -1.15888 TD
0.012 Tw
[(vice-learning as a teaching tool in the b)19(usiness and)]TJ
0 -1.15885 TD
0.08 Tw
[(management sciences has b)20(ur)17(geoned \(K)25(enw)10(or)-1(th)5(y-)]TJ
0 -1.15886 TD
0.052 Tw
[(U\325Ren & Peterson,)-303(2005\). )18(The underlying reasons)]TJ
0 -1.15885 TD
(f)Tj
0.34476 0 TD
0.012 Tc
0.363 Tw
(or this mo)Tj
4.88623 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4971 0 TD
0.012 Tc
(ement ar)Tj
3.92892 0 TD
0.0119 Tc
(e)Tj
1.08084 0 Td
0.012 Tc
(unclear\321it may be a)Tj
-10.73785 -1.15887 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.33276 0 TD
0.015 Tw
(esponse to questions a)Tj
8.96053 0 TD
[(bout the societal ef)25(f)20(icac)14(y of)]TJ
-9.29329 -1.15886 TD
0.008 Tw
[(management education \(Emiliani,)-258(2004\); it may be)]TJ
-0.0002 Tc
(a)'
0.74298 0 Td
0 Tc
0.049 Tw
[(form of ac)-1(kno)25(wledgement that the pri)25(v)25(ate sector)]TJ
-0.74298 -1.15885 TD
0.149 Tw
(\322maintain(s) the moral authority to set the social)Tj
0 -1.15886 TD
0.11 Tw
[(agenda\323)-360(\(Godfre)15(y)65(,)-360(2000,)-359(p. 38\); it may be a shift)]TJ
0 -1.15885 TD
0.336 Tw
[(a)15(w)10(ay from sector and disciplinary isolationism)]TJ
0 -1.15886 TD
0.05 Tw
[(\(DiP)15(ado)15(v)24(a-Stocks,)-300(2005\); or it may simply be one)]TJ
0 -1.15885 TD
0.063 Tw
[(of the most ef)25(fecti)25(v)15(e tools thr)-1(ough which students)]TJ
T*
0.113 Tw
(can pr)Tj
2.58343 0 TD
[(actice ref)-1(lecti)25(v)15(e learning while eng)5(aging in)]TJ
-2.58343 -1.15887 TD
0.283 Tw
[(citizenship-oriented beha)19(viors \(Csikszentmihalyi,)]TJ
0 -1.15884 TD
-0.007 Tw
[(2005\). )55(As P)15(apamarcos (2005) aptl)-1(y states,)-243(\322there is)]TJ
0 -1.15886 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(a)Tj
0.66061 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(vie)Tj
1.19685 0.00001 TD
(w)Tj
0.65699 0.00001 TD
-0.033 Tw
(... too widespr)Tj
5.62679 0.00001 TD
(ead to be ignor)Tj
5.87048 0 TD
0 Tw
(ed)Tj
0.94385 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.46684 0.00001 TD
(tha)Tj
1.22168 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(t)Tj
0.49457 0 Td
0 Tc
(colle)Tj
1.92856 0.00001 TD
(ges)Tj
-19.06722 -1.1589 TD
-0.025 Tw
(and uni)Tj
2.9222 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.77661 0.00001 TD
-0.025 Tw
(sities and their students ar)Tj
10.28696 0 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(e)Tj
0.66908 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(lar)Tj
1.03681 0 TD
-0.025 Tw
(gely alien-)Tj
-16.17677 -1.1589 TD
0.264 Tw
[(ated from notions of the public good,)-514(focusing)]TJ
0 -1.15885 TD
0.286 Tw
[(solely on achie)25(ving competiti)24(v)15(e adv)25(antage in a)]TJ
0 -1.15886 TD
(w)Tj
0.71216 0.00001 TD
0.094 Tw
[(orld of scarce r)-1(esources. )18(This sentiment may be)]TJ
-0.71216 -1.15886 TD
0.121 Tw
[(particularly acute with re)15(g)5(ar)-1(d to b)20(usiness schools)]TJ
T*
0.092 Tw
[(and b)20(usiness students\323)-342((p. 325). P)14(a)1(pamar)-1(cos goes)]TJ
T*
0.014 Tw
[(on to suggest that as b)20(usiness educa)-1(tors,)-264(we ha)20(v)15(e a)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(manda)Tj
2.6655 0 TD
0.286 Tw
(te to pr)Tj
3.40408 0.00001 TD
(e)Tj
0.44385 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(par)Tj
1.27661 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.97971 0 Td
0 Tc
0.286 Tw
(students f)Tj
4.14605 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(or )Tj
1.36867 0.00001 TD
0.286 Tw
[(\322li)25(v)15(es of ci)24(vic)]TJ
-14.2845 -1.1589 TD
0.016 Tc
0 Tw
(eng)Tj
1.486 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.4595 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.5157 0 TD
0.016 Tc
0.359 Tw
(ement... in)Tj
4.71326 0.00001 TD
[(v)20(olving students as v)20(oluntary)]TJ
-7.1745 -1.1589 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(agents of social change\323)-275((p. 326). )]TJ
0.9 -1.1588 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.036 Tw
(One thing is certain about this intersection between)Tj
21.6 36.46791 TD
0.081 Tw
[(b)20(usiness school courses and ser)-1(vice-le)1(ar)-1(ning:)-316(that it)]TJ
0 -1.17649 TD
0.094 Tw
(is making a positi)Tj
7.06873 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.75742 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(dif)25(ference f)-1(or students,)-328(institu-)]TJ
-8.29626 -1.1765 TD
0.135 Tw
[(tions,)-370(and communities. )55(An e)14(xample at the student)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(le)Tj
0.66678 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.013 Tw
(el can be seen w)Tj
6.36331 0 TD
0 Tw
(hen )Tj
1.61695 0 TD
0.013 Tw
[(W)40(ittmer (2004) describes the)]TJ
-9.11715 -1.1765 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.081 Tw
(esults of a sur)Tj
5.54333 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
(e)Tj
0.41395 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.80075 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(of students w)Tj
5.29898 0 TD
(ho had par)Tj
4.23225 0 TD
0 Tw
(ticipa)Tj
2.1312 0 TD
(ted)Tj
-19.20833 -1.17653 TD
-0.008 Tc
0.368 Tw
[(in service-learning at the Uni)24(v)15(ersity of Den)40(v)15(er)]TJ
0 -1.17649 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.27 Tw
[(through an ethics-based MB)35(A cor)-1(e)1( cour)-1(se called)]TJ
0 -1.1765 TD
0.301 Tw
[111(alues-Based Leader)-1(ship.)70-462(F)15(orty-eight percent of)]TJ
0 -1.17649 TD
-0.022 Tw
[(the students reported an \322increased reco)-1(gnition of the)]TJ
0 -1.1765 TD
0.041 Tw
[(le)25(v)14(el and kinds of needs that e)15(xist\323)-276(in the communi-)]TJ
0 -1.17649 TD
0 Tw
(ty)Tj
0.68289 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.67538 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.205 Tw
[(46% reported an \322increased a)14(w)10(areness of ho)25(w)]TJ
-1.35827 -1.17651 TD
0.219 Tw
[(indi)25(viduals and b)19(usinesses are in)40(v)20(olv)15(ed in prof)-1(es-)]TJ
0 -1.17649 TD
-0.011 Tw
[(sional service,)70-225(and 35% of students reported a \322real-)]TJ
0 -1.1765 TD
0.158 Tw
[(ization of personal satisf)9(action for community ser-)]TJ
0 -1.17649 TD
0.28 Tw
[(vice acti)25(vity\323)-515(\(2004,)-515(p. 365\). )55(At the institutional)]TJ
0 -1.1765 TD
-0.033 Tw
[(le)25(v)14(el,)-202(service-learning projects pro)14(vide a tangible and)]TJ
0 -1.17649 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.106 Tw
(pplied mec)Tj
4.37055 0 TD
(hanism f)Tj
3.45671 0.00001 TD
[(or or)18(g)5(aniza)-1(tional outreach into)]TJ
-8.25611 -1.17652 TD
0.062 Tw
[(the community)65(. F)15(or e)14(xample,)-297(after leading a semes-)]TJ
0 -1.17649 TD
-0.007 Tc
0.367 Tw
[(ter)19(-long course project where b)20(usiness students)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.069 Tw
[(w)10(ork)9(ed with four dif)25(ferent senior citizens centers in)]TJ
0 -1.1765 TD
0.242 Tw
(their local comm)Tj
7.01877 0.00001 TD
[(unity)65(,)-427(V)111(e)15(g)5(a and McHugh (2003))]TJ
-7.01877 -1.1765 TD
-0.026 Tw
[(wrote \322w)-1(e belie)25(v)15(e that this project w)9(as w)10(orthwhile. It)]TJ
T*
-0.006 Tw
(met our academic g)Tj
7.56898 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(oals,)Tj
2.01453 0.00001 TD
-0.006 Tw
(it pr)Tj
1.55736 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(vided a v)Tj
3.49349 0.00001 TD
(alued ser)Tj
3.43999 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(vice)Tj
1.60553 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
-20.14999 -1.17653 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.136 Tw
[(it pro)15(vided an e)15(xper)-1(iential learning opportunity for)]TJ
0 -1.1765 TD
-0.003 Tc
0.363 Tw
[(students who might not other wise ha)20(v)15(e been)]TJ
0 -1.17649 TD
0.362 Tw
[(in)40(v)19(olv)15(ed in one,)-611(and it cemented relationships)]TJ
0 -1.1765 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(betw)Tj
1.88361 0.00001 TD
-0.003 Tw
(een the institution and the comm)Tj
12.58319 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(unity\323)Tj
2.64108 0.00001 TD
-0.003 Tw
((p. 114).)Tj
-17.10788 -1.17651 TD
0 Tc
(F)Tj
0.54091 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.102 Tw
[(inally)65(,)-337(at the community le)25(v)14(el,)-337(we continue to see)]TJ
-0.54091 -1.17651 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.41396 -0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.238 Tw
[(xamples of b)20(usiness school ser)-1(vice-learning pro-)]TJ
-0.41396 -1.17649 TD
0.05 Tw
(grams that result in increased community social and)Tj
0 -1.1765 TD
0.19 Tw
[(economic prosperity)65(,)-426(sustainability)65(,)-425(and inte)15(gration)]TJ
0 -1.17649 TD
0 Tw
(\(e)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
0.366 Tw
[(.g.,)-601(Michaelsen,)-601(K)25(enderdine,)-601(Hobbs,)-601(& Frueh,)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
14 0 0 14 201.2763 675.2144 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
(A)Tj
0.96806 0 Td
0.025 Tw
[(Human Ca)1(pital Model:)]TJ
-7.98177 -1.14286 TD
[(Ser)11(vice-Lear)16(ning in the Micr)19(o Business Incubator Pr)19(ogra)-2(m)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 151.4434 629.5566 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(D)-1(a)26(vid E. Desplaces,)-259(M)-1(a)-1(r)10(ge)-1(r)1(y Steinber)10(g,)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 319.1288 629.5566 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(and)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 335.7174 629.5566 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Susan Coleman)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 232.5678 617.5567 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Har)-1(tfor)37(d)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 226.2435 587.899 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(A)-2(m)1(y K)26(enw)11(o)-1(r)1(t)-1(h)16(y-U\325Ren)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 244.3456 575.899 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Bond Univer)10(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 88 544.899 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.011 Tw
[(This paper pr)37(esents a service-learning appr)44(oac)15(h to inner city r)37(e)15(vitalization that is gr)45(ounded in a human cap-)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0.005 Tw
[(ital model for economic de)15(velopment. )18(The case study demonstr)14(ates how a pri)1(vate univer)9(sity became the cat-)]TJ
T*
0.057 Tw
[(alyst for gr)45(owth in an \324a)-1(t risk\325)-181(neighborhood of an urban inner city)55(. Our ongoing service-learning pr)44(oject,)]TJ
T*
0.04 Tw
[(called )18(The Upper )18(Alban)-1(y Micr)45(o Business Incubator (MBI),)-275(brings to)10(g)10(ether univer)9(sity faculty)55(,)-275(students,)-274(and)]TJ
T*
-0.026 Tw
[(inner city entr)37(epr)37(eneur)9(s to cr)37(eate an en)40(vir)44(onment of mutual learning)10(,)-209(shar)37(ed r)37(espect,)-209(under)9(standing)10(,)-209(and col-)]TJ
T*
0.01 Tw
[(labor)15(ation. Pr)36(eliminary impacts of the pr)45(o)10(gr)15(am ar)37(e described as well as futur)36(e dir)37(ections and r)37(ecommenda-)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(tions for sustaining de)15(velopment in inner cities using suc)15(h an appr)45(oac)14(h.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 66)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
67 0 obj
<<
/Length 16262
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(67)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 411.0709 716.2092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Human Capital Model)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(2000; P)15(apamarcos,)-260(2005; )18(T)79(a)1(ylor)39(,)-260(2000\). )]TJ
0.9 -1.17091 TD
-0.01 Tc
0.365 Tw
[(This paper describes such a prog)1(ram \321 the)]TJ
-0.9 -1.17091 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.231 Tw
[(Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity of Hartfor)-1<64D5>55(s Micro Business Incubator)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
0.123 Tw
[((MBI). In this paper)39(,)-352(we present a case stud)-1(y of an)]TJ
-0.0201 Tc
(i)'
0.25789 0.00001 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.305 Tw
(nstitutional program that is grounded in service-)Tj
-0.25789 -1.17091 TD
0.076 Tw
[(learning best practice \(J)-1(acoby et al.,)-306(1996\),)-306(aimed at)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
0.006 Tw
[(crea)-1(ting and sustaining transforma)-1(tional relationships)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.217 Tw
[(with community partners \(Enos & Mor)-1(ton,)-447(2003\),)]TJ
0 -1.17093 TD
0.007 Tw
[(and focused on learner)19(-centered and committed paths)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
0.171 Tw
[(to eng)5(agement \(Dorado & Giles,)-401(2004; Ramse)15(y &)]TJ
0 -1.17093 TD
0.221 Tw
[(Fitzgibbons,)-452(2005\). )18(The MBI is a service-learning)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.013 Tw
[(program that brings together b)19(usiness students,)-243(f)10(acul-)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
0.214 Tw
[(ty members,)-445(b)20(usiness o)25(wner entrepreneurs,)-445(institu-)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
-0.019 Tc
0.374 Tw
[(tional representati)24(v)15(es,)-605(and other go)15(v)15(er)-1(nment and)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.128 Tw
[(community or)18(g)4(anization members to create sustain)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.088 Tw
[(able and sustained partnerships aimed at r)-1(e)26(vitalizing)]TJ
0 -1.17093 TD
0.02 Tw
[(and economically de)25(v)15(eloping a cultur)-1(ally di)25(v)15(er)-1(se and)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.025 Tw
[(small b)20(usiness laden inner city neighborhood)-1(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 71.0463 481.8888 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Small Businesses,)-260(Inner City De)25(v)15(elopment,)]TJ
5.03131 -1.21901 TD
(and the Economy)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 449.5706 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.088 Tw
[(Small b)20(usinesses are an essential par)-1(t of the U.S.)]TJ
-0.9 -1.17092 TD
0.313 Tw
[(economy)65(. )55(According to the U.S)-1(. Small Business)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
-0.017 Tw
[(Administration,)-218(small f)20(irms emplo)9(y half of the w)10(ork-)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
0.08 Tw
[(force and pay 45% of the total U.S. pri)25(v)25(ate payr)-1(oll.)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.043 Tw
(Small b)Tj
3.00155 0 TD
[(usinesses are responsible f)-1(or more than 50%)]TJ
-3.00155 -1.17093 TD
0.125 Tw
(of g)Tj
1.64788 0 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31777 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(oss domestic product and account for the v)25(ast)]TJ
-1.96565 -1.17093 TD
0 Tw
(major)Tj
2.25728 0 TD
0.115 Tw
(ity of ne)Tj
3.40158 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(w)Tj
1.05644 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(jobs \(Frequently )55(Ask)10(ed Questions,)]TJ
-6.7153 -1.17092 TD
0.082 Tw
[(2005\). Small f)20(ir)-1(ms are also a major source of inno-)]TJ
T*
0.174 Tw
[(v)25(ation,)-409(producing twice as man)15(y ne)25(w pr)-1(oduct and)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.025 Tw
[(service inno)15(v)24(a)1(tions as lar)17(ger f)20(ir)-1(ms.)]TJ
0.9 -1.17092 TD
0.107 Tw
[(Firms o)25(wned b)-1(y minority b)20(usiness o)25(wners repr)-1(e)1(-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.17091 TD
0.054 Tw
[(sent a special subset of small f)20(ir)-1(ms that are gro)25(wing)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
0.375 Tw
[(e)25(v)14(en more ra)-1(pidly than small f)20(irms in g)-1(eneral.)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0 Tw
(Accor)Tj
2.36739 0 TD
0.147 Tw
(ding to the 1997 Sur)Tj
8.45282 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(e)15(y of Minority Owned)]TJ
-11.29031 -1.17093 TD
0.293 Tw
[(Enterprise \(Lo)24(wery)65(,)-528(2005\) the number of Black-)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
0.165 Tw
[(o)25(wned b)20(usinesses incre)-1(ased by 26% from 1992 to)]TJ
T*
-0.036 Tw
[(1997,)-199(to 823,499.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
5 0 0 5 129.0139 265.5991 Tm
0 g
(1)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 133.2534 262.2241 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.036 Tw
[(This compares to a 4% gro)25(wth rate)]TJ
-7.12534 -1.1709 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.255 Tw
(or non-minor)Tj
5.37928 0.00001 TD
[(ity-o)25(wned f)19(irms for the same time-)]TJ
-5.69704 -1.17094 TD
0.279 Tw
[(frame)-1(. Simultaneously)65(,)-514(re)25(v)15(enues for Black-o)24(wned)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.29799 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.023 Tw
[(irms incr)-1(eased by 120% to $71 billion \(Minorities in)]TJ
-0.29799 -1.17093 TD
0.156 Tw
[(Business,)-391(2001\). )18(The numbers for Hispanic-o)25(wned)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.307 Tw
[(f)20(irms ar)-1(e equally impressi)25(v)15(e. In 1997,)-542(Hispanic-)]TJ
0 -1.17093 TD
0.092 Tw
[(o)25(wned b)20(usinesses totaled 1.4 million,)-327(up 80% from)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.243 Tw
[(1992; during that same timeframe re)25(v)14(enues more)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
0.375 Tw
(than doub)Tj
4.21266 -0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(led)Tj
1.17705 -0.00001 TD
0.375 Tw
[(,)-610(to $184 billion. )50(V)110(ery preliminary)]TJ
-5.38971 -1.1709 TD
-0.031 Tw
[(results for the 2002 Census \(2002 Surv)15(e)15(y of Business)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
0 Tw
(Owner)Tj
2.64546 0.00001 TD
0.165 Tw
(s\) indica)Tj
3.44541 0 TD
(te tha)Tj
2.26873 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.66323 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(in 2002 ther)Tj
4.98299 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.82914 0 Td
(w)Tj
0.707 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(e)Tj
0.82906 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.42901 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ppr)Tj
1.28776 0.00001 TD
(oxi-)Tj
-18.8344 -1.17096 TD
-0.003 Tw
[(matel)-1(y 462,00 f)20(irms with paid emplo)9(yees that identi-)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.29799 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.015 Tw
(ied themselv)Tj
4.90187 0.00001 TD
(es as being pr)Tj
5.3049 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(imar)Tj
1.77228 0.00001 TD
(il)Tj
0.52567 0.00001 TD
(y)Tj
0.73497 0 Td
(o)Tj
0.4601 0.00001 TD
0.015 Tw
(wned b)Tj
2.84075 0.00001 TD
(y)Tj
0.68004 0 Td
0 Tw
(Asians,)Tj
-17.5186 -1.171 TD
0.248 Tw
[(154,000 f)20(ir)-1(ms that identif)20(ied themselv)15(es as being)]TJ
0 -1.1709 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.4601 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.097 Tw
(wned b)Tj
2.9225 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.8165 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Blac)Tj
1.77272 0.00001 TD
(ks,)Tj
1.42563 0.00001 TD
0.097 Tw
(and 308,000 f)Tj
5.50526 0.00001 TD
[(irms tha)-1(t identif)20(ied)]TJ
-12.9027 -1.171 TD
0.025 Tw
[(themselv)15(es as being o)25(wned by Hispanics.)]TJ
0.9 -1.1709 TD
0 Tw
(Minor)Tj
2.4245 0 TD
(ity-o)Tj
1.7885 0 TD
0.08 Tw
(wned f)Tj
2.71896 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ir)Tj
0.58059 0.00001 TD
0.08 Tw
(ms ar)Tj
2.19855 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.74396 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(w)10(or)-1(th)5(y of study in and)]TJ
-11.3551 -1.1709 TD
0.202 Tw
(of themselv)Tj
4.7151 0 TD
(es f)Tj
1.55769 0.00001 TD
(or se)Tj
2.01778 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(eral impor)-1(tant reasons. First,)]TJ
13.73927 63.68415 TD
0.003 Tw
[(f)20(irm o)24(wnership pro)15(vides a path to economic empo)25(w-)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.253 Tw
[(erment f)-1(or entrepreneurs and their f)10(amilies. Prior)]TJ
T*
0.351 Tw
[(research indicates that,)-586(on a)20(v)15(er)-1(age)1(,)-586(the le)25(v)15(el of)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
0.187 Tw
[(household wealth for Black and Hispanic f)9(amilies)]TJ
0 Tc
(f)'
0.308 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.247 Tw
[(alls well belo)25(w of that of w)-1(hite f)10(amilies \(Badu,)]TJ
-0.308 -1.17091 TD
0.109 Tw
[(Daniels,)-344(& Salandro,)-344(1999; Blau & Graham,)-344(1990;)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
-0.014 Tc
0.374 Tw
[(Smith,)-610(1995\). Simultaneously)65(,)-610(ho)24(w)1(e)25(v)14(er)40(,)-610(research)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.229 Tw
[(re)25(v)15(eals that indi)25(viduals who o)25(wn their o)24(wn f)20(irms)]TJ
0 -1.17093 TD
0.12 Tw
[(ha)20(v)15(e higher household income and w)-1(ealth than the)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
0.044 Tw
[(population in general \(Haynes,)-280(2001\). )18(Thus,)-280(o)25(wning)]TJ
0 -1.17093 TD
0.132 Tw
[(and operating a successful small b)20(usiness can be a)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.005 Tc
0.449 Tw
[(strate)14(gy for minority f)10(amilies to achie)25(v)14(e the)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.003 Tw
[80(American Dream.)69-231(Second,)-232(a vibrant small b)20(usiness)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.064 Tw
[(sector is k)10(e)15(y to the economic re)25(vitaliza)-1(tion of man)15(y)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
0.034 Tw
[(inner city communities. )55(As minority f)9(amilies tend to)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.012 Tw
[(represent a signif)20(icant percentage of inner city p)-1(opu-)]TJ
0 -1.17093 TD
0.046 Tw
[(lations,)-282(it is important to ha)20(v)15(e a rang)-1(e of flourishing)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.025 Tw
[(small b)20(usinesses to serv)14(e community needs. )]TJ
0.9 -1.17093 TD
0.171 Tw
(In spite of the sta)Tj
7.28687 0 TD
(tistics mentioned a)Tj
7.55587 0 TD
0 Tw
(bo)Tj
0.95511 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
(e)Tj
0.42884 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.64141 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(man)Tj
1.66179 0 TD
0 Tc
(y)Tj
-19.9 -1.17093 TD
0.005 Tc
(minor)Tj
2.41341 0 TD
(ity-o)Tj
1.88852 0 TD
1.002 Tw
(wned b)Tj
3.92823 0 TD
(usinesses ha)Tj
5.95748 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4901 0 TD
0.0048 Tc
(e)Tj
1.70593 0 Td
0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(struggled.)Tj
-16.38367 -1.17094 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.51601 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ypicall)Tj
2.61619 0 TD
0 Tc
(y)Tj
0.42006 0 TD
(,)Tj
0.45192 0 TD
(f)Tj
0.29799 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.018 Tw
[(irms o)24(wned by minority entrepreneurs are)]TJ
-4.30217 -1.17093 TD
0 Tw
(smaller)Tj
2.79808 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.60708 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.137 Tw
[(more prone to f)9(ailure,)-372(and concentrated in)]TJ
-3.40516 -1.17093 TD
0.153 Tw
(the less pr)Tj
4.19471 0 TD
0 Tw
(of)Tj
0.78299 0 TD
(ita)Tj
0.95451 0 TD
0.153 Tw
(ble sectors of retailing and personal)Tj
-5.93221 -1.17092 TD
0.012 Tw
[(services \(Bates,)-248(1989; Christopher)40(,)-247(1998\). Black and)]TJ
T*
0.222 Tw
[(Hispanic small b)20(usiness o)24(wners tend to ha)20(v)15(e less)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
-0.008 Tc
0.368 Tw
[(education than )30(Whites or )54(Asians,)-610(less personal)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.70692 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ealth,)Tj
2.59009 0 TD
0.252 Tw
(and g)Tj
2.37057 0 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31777 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ea)Tj
0.85769 0 TD
0.252 Tw
(ter dif)Tj
2.53686 0 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.29799 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(iculty r)Tj
2.99184 0 TD
(aising ca)Tj
3.64285 0 TD
(pital from)Tj
-16.31258 -1.17095 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.30335 0 TD
-0.01 Tc
0.37 Tw
(inancial institutions \(Ando,)Tj
11.99402 0 TD
(1988; Ba)Tj
3.93122 0 TD
0 Tw
(tes,)Tj
1.93205 0 TD
(1993;)Tj
-18.16064 -1.17092 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.157 Tw
(Bostic & Lampani,)Tj
8.08696 0 TD
(1999; Coleman,)Tj
6.72619 0 TD
(2002; Ro)Tj
3.73133 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
(s,)Tj
-19.77609 -1.17093 TD
(Gent,)Tj
2.35943 0 TD
0 Tc
(P)Tj
0.52602 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(alumbo,)Tj
3.38534 0 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(&)Tj
0.97388 0 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.84901 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(all,)Tj
1.43034 0 TD
(2001\). )Tj
2.71577 0 TD
0.006 Tw
[(Thus,)-241(the)15(y come into)]TJ
-12.23979 -1.17093 TD
0.07 Tw
(the pr)Tj
2.2844 0 TD
(ocess of entr)Tj
4.99765 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.80276 0 TD
0.07 Tw
[(eneurship with lo)25(wer le)24(v)15(els of)]TJ
-8.51366 -1.17093 TD
0.017 Tw
(both human and f)Tj
6.81869 0 TD
(inancial ca)Tj
4.15519 0 TD
(pital. Inner cities tend to)Tj
-10.97388 -1.17091 TD
0 Tw
(ha)Tj
0.89407 0 TD
0.275 Tw
[(v)15(e abo)15(v)15(e a)19(v)15(erage rates of crime)-1(,)-510(drugs,)-510(and a)]TJ
-0.89407 -1.17093 TD
0.025 Tw
[(w)10(orkf)-1(orce that is unskilled and/or poorly educated.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 335.7762 294.5424 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Inner City De)25(v)15(elopment:)]TJ
-0.17192 -1.21901 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(hree Models for Gro)24(wth)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 262.2241 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.008 Tw
[(Historically)65(,)-227(support for minority-o)24(wned inner city)]TJ
-0.9 -1.1709 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.29799 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ir)Tj
0.5806 0.00001 TD
0.099 Tw
[(ms has been e)15(xplained using a \322social model\323)-334(of)]TJ
-0.87859 -1.17094 TD
-0.027 Tw
[(economic de)25(v)15(elopment. )17(T)1(his model assumes tha)-1(t the)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0 Tw
(disad)Tj
2.0356 0.00001 TD
0.017 Tw
[(v)25(antages of the inner city are so o)14(v)15(erwhelming,)]TJ
-2.0356 -1.17093 TD
-0.005 Tw
[(that b)20(usinesses loca)-1(ted there cannot compete without)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.187 Tw
[(go)15(v)15(er)-1(nment interv)15(ention and subsidies. One major)]TJ
0 -1.17093 TD
0.066 Tw
[(criticism of this model,)-301(and a dra)15(wback to its appli)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0.082 Tw
[(cation,)-317(is that it has led to the crea)-1(tion of inner city)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
0 Tc
(b)Tj
0.46522 -0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.02 Tw
(usinesses tha)Tj
4.97819 -0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(t)Tj
0.47794 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(are neither prof)19(itable nor competiti)25(v)15(e,)]TJ
-5.92135 -1.1709 TD
0.209 Tw
[(and are isolated from the lar)17(ger economy \(Porter)39(,)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
0 Tw
(1995\). )Tj
2.80631 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.51601 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(o)Tj
0.81621 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(sur)Tj
1.17684 0 TD
(vi)Tj
0.72293 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.76023 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.096 Tw
(using this model,)Tj
7.12993 0.00001 TD
(inner city b)Tj
4.54693 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(usi)Tj
1.12175 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06725 -1.17096 TD
0.005 Tc
0.45 Tw
[(nesses require consistent go)15(v)15(er)-1(nment support.)]TJ
0 -1.17092 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.51601 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.34 Tw
(aking this model to its lo)Tj
11.22403 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ical end)Tj
3.35681 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.8096 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(inner city)Tj
-16.39145 -1.17095 TD
0.092 Tw
[(economies become increasingly planned and dri)25(v)15(en)]TJ
0 -1.17091 TD
0 Tc
(b)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(y)Tj
0.72631 0 Td
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.4701 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74662 0.00001 TD
0.006 Tw
[(nment,)-241(with decr)-1(eased free mark)10(et po)25(wer or)]TJ
-3.38314 -1.17096 TD
0.025 Tw
(selection processes. )Tj
0.9 -1.17091 TD
0 Tw
(Alter)Tj
1.9792 0.00001 TD
(na)Tj
0.91385 0.00001 TD
(ti)Tj
0.50076 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(el)Tj
0.69168 0.00001 TD
0.009 Tw
[(y)65(,)-244(Porter (1995) proposes a ne)25(w model)]TJ
-5.4556 -1.17094 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.092 Tw
(or inner city economic de)Tj
10.18497 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(elopment. In contr)Tj
7.27195 0.00001 TD
(ast to)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 67)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
68 0 obj
<<
/Length 14416
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(68)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Desplaces et al.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.198 Tw
[(the social model,)-433(Porter\325)55(s model relies hea)19(vily on)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.03 Tw
[(mark)9(et forces and pri)25(v)25(ate industry as opposed to go)15(v-)]TJ
T*
0.073 Tw
[(ernment. He contends that inner city b)19(usinesses can)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.012 Tc
0.372 Tw
[(benef)20(it fr)-1(om four major sources of competiti)25(v)15(e)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.106 Tw
[(adv)25(antage. Fir)-1(st,)-341(the)15(y are located in highly concen-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.137 Tw
[(trated areas c)-1(lose to b)20(usinesses,)-372(transportation,)-372(and)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.343 Tw
[(communications. Second,)-578(inner cities often ha)19(v)15(e)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.122 Tw
[(unmet needs for both products and services. )17(T)1(hir)-1(d,)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.036 Tw
[(inner city b)20(usinesses ha)19(v)15(e opportunities to b)20(uild upon)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.163 Tw
[(re)15(gional clusters of b)20(usinesses and,)-398(thus,)-397(to e)14(xport)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.003 Tw
[(products be)15(yond their local ter)-1(r)1(itor)-1(ie)1(s)-1(.)1( F)-1(inally)65(,)-231(Por)-1(ter)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.082 Tw
[(ar)17(gues that inner city w)10(ork)10(er)-1(s are willing and eager)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.025 Tw
[(to w)10(or)-1(k in entry-le)25(v)15(el jobs.)]TJ
0.9 -1.1579 TD
0.015 Tw
[(According to Porter (1995),)-250(go)15(v)14(ernment and com-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15789 TD
0.052 Tw
[(munity de)25(v)15(elopment or)18(g)4(anizations should get out of)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.363 Tw
[(the b)20(usiness of starting and r)-1(unning b)20(usinesses.)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.12 Tw
[(Alternati)24(v)15(ely)65(,)-356(the)15(y should w)10(ork to crea)-1(te a positi)25(v)15(e)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.041 Tw
[(en)40(vir)-1(onment for b)20(usiness by lo)25(wer)-1(ing costs and re)15(g-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.118 Tw
[(ulatory barrier)-1(s,)-352(controlling cr)-1(ime,)-352(cr)-1(eating a trans-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.003 Tc
0.363 Tw
[(portation infr)-1(astructure,)-610(and impro)15(ving schools.)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.037 Tw
[(Porter contends that if pri)25(v)25(ate b)19(usinesses are pro)15(vid-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.026 Tw
[(ed with a more f)9(a)20(v)20(orable climate)-1(,)-209(the)15(y will be willing)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.009 Tw
(to loca)Tj
2.57962 0 TD
(te in inner cities and will,)Tj
9.92589 0 TD
(in tur)Tj
2.03969 0 TD
[(n,)-226(supply prod-)]TJ
-14.5452 -1.15791 TD
0.025 Tw
(ucts and ser)Tj
4.58998 0 TD
0 Tw
(vices,)Tj
2.47445 0 TD
(ca)Tj
0.8577 0 TD
(pital,)Tj
2.19735 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(jobs,)-260(and training. )]TJ
-9.21948 -1.1579 TD
0 Tc
(P)Tj
0.53591 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.79277 0 TD
-0.003 Tw
[(ter\325)55(s (1995) model has been widely cr)-1(iticized as)]TJ
-2.22868 -1.15791 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.46511 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.46511 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.73662 0 TD
0.007 Tw
(ly simplistic and out of touch with the realities of)Tj
-1.66684 -1.1579 TD
0.167 Tw
[(inner city b)20(usiness. One cr)-1(iticism has been that,)-397(to)]TJ
T*
-0.013 Tw
[(date,)-217(pri)25(v)25(ate b)19(usinesses ha)20(v)15(e not demonstrated a great)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.019 Tw
[(deal of willingness to mo)15(v)15(e into the inner city or tac)-1(k-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.177 Tw
[(le the challenges of doing b)19(usiness there \(Dymski,)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.097 Tw
[(1996; Sa)15(wicki & Moody)64(,)-327(1996\). )18(This has led to the)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0 Tc
0.406 Tw
[(crea)-1(tion of go)15(v)15(ernment mandates suc)-1(h as the)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.092 Tw
[(Community Rein)40(v)14(estment )55(Act which requires banks)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.07 Tw
[(to pro)15(vide services to inner city b)19(usinesses and indi-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.14 Tw
(viduals. Pr)Tj
4.19731 0 TD
0 Tw
(ocur)Tj
1.69663 0 TD
0.14 Tw
(ement policies ha)Tj
6.91794 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.46511 0 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(e)Tj
0.79399 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
(also encour)Tj
4.50131 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42385 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.48 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
0 Tw
(ed)Tj
-19.47614 -1.15792 TD
0.272 Tw
[(the in)40(v)19(olv)15(ement and participation of w)10(omen- and)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(minor)Tj
2.28844 -0.00001 TD
0.255 Tw
[(ity-o)25(wned f)19(irms. Such policies are aimed to)]TJ
-2.28844 -1.15789 TD
0.026 Tw
[(increase w)9(omen and minority contractors\325)-183(opportuni-)]TJ
T*
0.15 Tw
[(ties to bid on and secure contracts,)-380(man)15(y of whic)-1(h)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.087 Tw
[(may be f)19(inanced with public dollars. )55(A second criti-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.106 Tw
[(cism has been that Por)-1(ter\325)55(s model ignores the prob-)]TJ
T*
0.227 Tw
[(lems associated with discrimina)-1(tion and underesti-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.018 Tw
[(mates the challeng)-1(es posed by the human capital def)20(i-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.256 Tw
(ciencies of inner city entr)Tj
10.64691 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.42385 0.00001 TD
-0.02 Tc
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.79277 0 TD
0.256 Tw
[(eneurs \(Henry)65(,)-487(1996;)]TJ
-11.86353 -1.15792 TD
0.023 Tw
[(Johnson,)-253(F)15(ar)-1(rell,)-253(& Henderson,)-254(1996\). Further)40(,)-254(struc-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(tur)Tj
1.05061 0.00001 TD
0.158 Tw
(al bar)Tj
2.28595 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31277 0.00001 TD
-0.02 Tc
[(iers to doing b)19(usiness in urban areas may)]TJ
-3.64933 -1.15792 TD
0.034 Tw
[(serv)15(e as a further deter)-1(r)1(ent to economic de)24(v)15(elopment)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(initia)Tj
1.9352 0 TD
(ti)Tj
0.49076 0.00001 TD
0.17 Tw
[(v)15(es. Immer)18(gluc)-1(k (1999) found that a lack of)]TJ
-2.42596 -1.15791 TD
-0.006 Tw
[(capital and b)19(usiness de)25(v)15(elopment can be tied to urban)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(deca)Tj
1.75156 0 TD
0.013 Tw
[(y)65(. He postulated that cultural and langua)-1(ge barri)1(-)]TJ
-1.75156 -1.15791 TD
-0.016 Tw
[(ers f)-1(or recent immigrants may be contrib)20(uting f)9(actors.)]TJ
0.9 -1.1579 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.07 Tw
(As a result of these criticisms and the inability of)Tj
-0.9 -1.1579 TD
0.066 Tw
[(the aforementioned models to fully ca)-1(pture the eco-)]TJ
T*
0.232 Tw
[(nomic gro)25(wth processes of the inner city)65(,)-467(a third)]TJ
T*
-0.013 Tc
0.373 Tw
(model of inner city economic de)Tj
14.39703 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47183 0.00001 TD
-0.013 Tc
(elopment has)Tj
-14.8689 -1.1579 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.015 Tw
[(emer)18(ged)-1(,)-250(the \322human capital\323)-250(model. Human ca)-1(pital)]TJ
22.5 63.68422 TD
0.132 Tw
[(is an economic term that has been in e)15(xistence f)-1(or)]TJ
0 -1.17025 TD
0.251 Tw
[(decades,)-486(with its origins in the w)9(ork of Gary S.)]TJ
0 -1.17024 TD
0.078 Tw
[(Beck)10(er (1962). In ter)-1(ms of inner city entre)1(pr)-1(eneurs,)]TJ
0 -1.17025 TD
0.112 Tw
[(human capital encompasses the education,)-347(tr)-1(aining,)]TJ
T*
0.014 Tw
[(w)10(ork e)14(xperience,)-249(and other support mechanisms that)]TJ
0 -1.17024 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42892 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.199 Tw
[(an help to prepare the entrepreneur for the )-1(chal-)]TJ
-0.42892 -1.17026 TD
0.065 Tw
[(lenges of starting and managing a b)19(usiness. )55(A num-)]TJ
0 -1.17025 TD
0.229 Tw
[(ber of studies ha)20(v)15(e documented the link betw)-1(een)]TJ
T*
0.125 Tw
[(high le)25(v)15(els of human capital and b)19(usiness survi)25(v)25(al,)]TJ
0 -1.17024 TD
0.005 Tc
0.4 Tw
[(gro)25(wth,)-655(and prof)19(itability \(Carter)39(,)-625(W)40(illiams,)-656(&)]TJ
0 -1.17026 TD
0.001 Tc
0.359 Tw
[(Re)15(ynolds,)-610(1992; Cressy)65(,)-611(1996; Kang)5(asharju &)]TJ
0 -1.17024 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.125 Tw
[(Pekkala,)-360(2002; Lussier & Pfeifer)39(,)-360(2001; Schiller &)]TJ
0 -1.17026 TD
0.136 Tw
[(Cre)25(wson,)-402(1997; W)80(atson,)-401(Hog)5(ar)-1(th-Scott,)-401(& W)40(ilson,)]TJ
0 -1.17024 TD
0.319 Tw
[(1998\). In essence,)-554(the model and its supporting)]TJ
0 -1.17025 TD
0.191 Tw
[(empirical resear)-1(c)1(h indica)-1(te that entrepreneurs who)]TJ
T*
0.156 Tw
[(ha)20(v)15(e high le)24(v)15(els of human capital \(e.g.,)-391(education,)]TJ
T*
0.277 Tw
[(training,)-513(and rele)25(v)25(ant w)9(ork e)15(xperience\) are more)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(lik)10(el)-1(y to succeed in b)20(usiness than those who do not.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 293.3309 482.0094 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(The MBI Program:)-260(Putting a Human Capital)]TJ
2.40369 -1.2184 TD
[(Model to )30(W)80(or)-1(k in the Inner City)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 449.7045 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.276 Tw
(In contr)Tj
3.29355 0 TD
(ast to the )Tj
4.52412 0 TD
(\322social model,)Tj
5.77216 0 TD
0 Tc
Tj
0.94018 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(which relies)Tj
-15.43001 -1.17025 TD
0.06 Tw
[(hea)20(vil)-1(y on go)15(v)15(ernment interv)15(ention,)-296(and the \322Porter)]TJ
T*
0.12 Tw
[(model,)70-355(which relies on the willing in)39(v)20(olv)15(ement of)]TJ
0 -1.17024 TD
0.133 Tw
[(pri)25(v)25(ate b)20(usinesses loca)-1(ted outside of the inner city)65(,)]TJ
0 -1.17025 TD
0.005 Tc
0.355 Tw
(the inner city economic de)Tj
12.12569 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.48983 0 TD
0.005 Tc
[(elopment progr)1(a)1(m)]TJ
-12.61552 -1.17025 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.008 Tw
(described in this paper uses the human capital model)Tj
T*
0.327 Tw
(as its f)Tj
3.14392 0 TD
0 Tw
(ounda)Tj
2.36885 0 TD
0.327 Tw
(tion. Since 1992,)Tj
7.73782 0 TD
(the Uni)Tj
3.16845 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74662 0 TD
0.327 Tw
(sity of)Tj
-17.63576 -1.17026 TD
-0.007 Tw
[(Hartf)-1(ord,)-228(in partnership with the Upper )55(Alban)15(y Main)]TJ
0 -1.17025 TD
-0.002 Tw
[(Street Program,)-234(has managed a successful communi-)]TJ
0 -1.17024 TD
0.094 Tw
[(ty-based service-learning initiati)24(v)15(e. )18(The pilot Upper)]TJ
0 -1.17025 TD
0 Tw
(Alban)Tj
2.35371 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.93056 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Micr)Tj
1.88363 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(o)Tj
0.93068 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.211 Tw
(Business Incuba)Tj
6.51186 0 TD
(tor Pr)Tj
2.37009 0 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.485 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ram (MBI))Tj
-15.95053 -1.17027 TD
0.045 Tw
[(focuses on creating rela)-1(tionship)1(s and de)24(v)15(eloping the)]TJ
0 -1.17024 TD
0.218 Tw
[(human capital potential of culturally di)24(v)15(erse local)]TJ
0 -1.17025 TD
0.018 Tw
[(entrepreneurs and of)24(f)1(er)-1(ing students an applied learn-)]TJ
0 -1.17024 TD
0.239 Tw
[(ing e)15(xperience. )17(The MBI progr)1(am w)9(orks directly)]TJ
0 -1.17025 TD
0.158 Tw
[(with entrepreneurs in the inner city)64(,)-392(tar)17(geting their)]TJ
0 -1.17024 TD
0.117 Tw
(human capital needs through a combination of stu-)Tj
0 -1.17025 TD
0.016 Tw
[(dent,)-251(f)10(aculty)64(,)-251(and community in)40(v)20(olv)14(ement. )18(The MBI)]TJ
0 -1.17024 TD
0.104 Tw
(is assisting urban entr)Tj
8.65903 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.42884 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.80277 0 TD
0.104 Tw
[(eneurs,)-339(pro)14(viding opportu-)]TJ
-9.89064 -1.17027 TD
-0.031 Tw
[(nities for f)9(aculty research and consulting,)-204(and serving)]TJ
0 -1.17024 TD
0.025 Tw
[(as a laboratory for student lear)-1(ning.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 287 199.0953 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(A)Tj
0.85588 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Closer Look at )18(The Human Capital Model)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 180.1928 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.133 Tw
(The link between human capital and wealth cre-)Tj
-0.9 -1.17024 TD
0.084 Tw
(ation is well established and long-standing. Gary S.)Tj
0 -1.17025 TD
-0.031 Tw
[(Beck)10(er (1962) w)9(as one of the f)20(irst to discuss this link.)]TJ
0 -1.17024 TD
0.075 Tw
[(Beck)10(er def)19(ines human capital in)40(v)15(estment as school-)]TJ
0 -1.17025 TD
0.011 Tw
[(ing,)-246(on-the-)-1(job training,)-246(medical care,)-247(diet,)-246(and other)]TJ
0 -1.17024 TD
0 Tw
(acti)Tj
1.35846 0.00001 TD
-0.035 Tw
(vities tha)Tj
3.45252 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(t)Tj
0.46241 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(\322...inf)Tj
2.19945 0.00001 TD
-0.035 Tw
(luence futur)Tj
4.58732 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(e)Tj
0.62819 0 Td
(r)Tj
0.318 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(eal income thr)Tj
5.43864 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ough)Tj
-18.44499 -1.17029 TD
0.027 Tw
(the imbed)Tj
3.86307 0.00001 TD
(ding of r)Tj
3.36213 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(esour)Tj
2.09053 0.00001 TD
0.027 Tw
[(ces in people.)70-262(He notes that)]TJ
-9.31573 -1.17026 TD
0.138 Tw
[(these in)40(v)15(estments impr)-1(o)15(v)15(e the ph)5(ysical and mental)]TJ
0 -1.17025 TD
-0.009 Tc
0.369 Tw
[(abilities of indi)25(viduals and,)-610(thus,)-610(increase their)]TJ
0 -1.17024 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.125 Tw
[(prospects for higher earnings. Fur)-1(ther)40(,)-360(he attrib)19(utes)]TJ
0 -1.17025 TD
0.04 Tw
[(income dif)25(ferences or inequalities not only to dif)24(f)1(er)-1(-)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:09 PM Page 68)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
69 0 obj
<<
/Length 12734
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(69)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 411.0709 716.2092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Human Capital Model)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 699.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.13 Tw
[(ences in tangible resour)-1(ces \(e.g.,)-365(mone)15(y)65(,)-366(property\),)]TJ
0 -1.19931 TD
0.031 Tw
[(b)20(ut also intangible r)-1(esources such as the indi)25(vidual\325)55(s)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(capital attr)-1(ib)20(utes. )]TJ
0.9 -1.19931 TD
-0.0202 Tc
(B)Tj
0.64685 0.00001 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.172 Tw
[(eck)10(er\325)54(s landmark article f)-1(ocuses hea)20(vily on the)]TJ
-1.54685 -1.1993 TD
-0.027 Tw
(importance of on-the-job training (OJT) as a means of)Tj
0 -1.19931 TD
0.129 Tw
[(de)25(v)15(eloping human capital,)-360(noting the clear relation-)]TJ
T*
0.219 Tw
[(ship between OJT and earnings,)-450(emplo)10(yment,)-449(and)]TJ
0 -1.1993 TD
0.019 Tw
[(other economic v)25(ar)-1(iables. )30(W)40(ith OJT and the resultant)]TJ
0 -1.19931 TD
0.148 Tw
[(increased le)25(v)14(els of human capital in place \(positi)25(v)15(e)]TJ
T*
0.205 Tw
[(indi)25(vidual le)25(v)14(el outcomes\),)-435(positi)25(v)15(e f)20(ir)-1(m le)25(v)15(el out-)]TJ
T*
0.053 Tw
[(comes should result. Since Beck)9(er\325)55(s early theoretical)]TJ
0 -1.1993 TD
0.051 Tw
[(artic)-1(le,)-281(numerous resear)-1(c)1(her)-1(s ha)20(v)15(e made the case for)]TJ
0 -1.19931 TD
-0.0202 Tc
(a)Tj
0.71211 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
0.058 Tw
[(strong link between the human capital a)-1(ttrib)20(utes of)]TJ
-0.71211 -1.19931 TD
0.268 Tw
[(the entrepreneur and f)19(irm performance \(Boden &)]TJ
T*
0.217 Tw
[(Nucci,)-447(2000; Carter)39(,)-417(W)40(illiams,)-447(& Re)15(ynolds,)-447(1997;)]TJ
0 -1.1993 TD
0.31 Tw
[(Cooper)40(,)-570(Gimeno-Gascon,)-570(& W)80(oo,)-570(1994; W)80(atson,)]TJ
0 -1.19931 TD
0 Tw
(Ho)Tj
1.18193 0.00001 TD
0.224 Tw
[(g)5(ar)-1(th-Scott,)-453(& )29(W)40(ilson,)-454(1998\). One of the most)]TJ
-1.18193 -1.19932 TD
0.03 Tw
[(basic w)10(ays of conceptualizing f)19(irm perfor)-1(mance is to)]TJ
0 -1.1993 TD
0.149 Tw
[(assess f)20(ir)-1(m survi)25(v)25(al r)-1(a)1(tes. In a study of U)-1(.S. f)20(irms,)]TJ
0 -1.19931 TD
0.21 Tw
[(Bates (1995) found that f)19(irms ha)19(ving more highly)]TJ
T*
0.045 Tw
[(educated o)25(wner)-1(s were more lik)9(ely to survi)25(v)15(e. Cressy)]TJ
T*
0.036 Tw
(had similar f)Tj
4.84519 0 TD
(indings in a stud)Tj
6.35024 0 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(y)Tj
0.74556 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
(of Br)Tj
2.01843 0 TD
[(itish f)20(ir)-1(ms as did)]TJ
-13.95942 -1.19931 TD
0.24 Tw
(Lussier and Pf)Tj
5.97651 0 TD
0 Tw
(eif)Tj
0.99445 0 TD
0.24 Tw
(er (2001) in a stud)Tj
7.91229 0 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(y)Tj
0.95025 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
(of Cr)Tj
2.22312 0 TD
0 Tw
(oa)Tj
0.90386 0 TD
(tian)Tj
-18.96048 -1.19933 TD
0.136 Tw
[(f)20(irms. Cr)-1(essy also noted that prior w)10(ork e)14(xperience)]TJ
22.5 27.58407 TD
0 Tc
0.355 Tw
[(and pre)25(vious e)15(xperience with self emplo)10(yment)]TJ
0 -1.19931 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(increased the lik)9(elihood of f)20(irm survi)24(v)25(al.)]TJ
0.9 -1.19931 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(A)Tj
1.25034 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.308 Tw
[(second w)10(ay of conceptualizing f)19(irm perfor-)]TJ
-2.15034 -1.19931 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(m)Tj
0.76289 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.171 Tw
[(ance is to measure o)15(v)15(er)-1(all f)20(ir)-1(m success. Schiller)]TJ
-0.76289 -1.1993 TD
0.036 Tw
[(and Cre)25(wson (1997) observ)15(ed that more highl)-1(y edu-)]TJ
0 -1.19931 TD
0 Tw
[(cated men wer)-1(e more lik)10(el)-1(y to ha)20(v)15(e successful entre-)]TJ
T*
0.371 Tw
[(preneurial v)14(entures. Correspondingly)65(,)-606(the)15(y found)]TJ
0 -1.1993 TD
0.018 Tw
[(that prior w)9(ork e)15(xperience and year)-1(s of self-emplo)10(y-)]TJ
0 -1.19931 TD
0.23 Tw
[(ment contrib)19(uted to f)20(irm success in w)9(omen. In a)]TJ
T*
0.079 Tw
[(study of Jamaican f)19(irms,)-314(Honig (1998) found that a)]TJ
T*
0.159 Tw
[(colle)15(ge education roughl)-1(y doubled the le)25(v)15(el of the)]TJ
0 -1.1993 TD
0.066 Tw
[(entrepreneur\325)54(s earnings. Further)40(,)-301(he noted that year)-1(s)]TJ
0 -1.19931 TD
0.069 Tw
[(of e)15(xperience in b)19(usiness were positi)25(v)14(ely associated)]TJ
T*
0.179 Tw
[(with increasing prof)19(its. In another study)65(,)-414(Chandler)]TJ
T*
0.017 Tw
[(and Hanks (1998) e)15(xamined )55(Amer)-1(ican f)20(irms in Utah)]TJ
0 -1.1993 TD
0.099 Tw
[(to f)20(ind that f)19(irms with high le)25(v)14(els of human capital)]TJ
0 -1.19931 TD
0.022 Tw
(and high le)Tj
4.29692 0.00001 TD
[(v)15(els of f)20(inancial ca)-1(pital had a higher ratio)]TJ
-4.29692 -1.19932 TD
0.025 Tw
[(of sales to earnings than other f)20(ir)-1(ms. )]TJ
0.9 -1.1993 TD
0.104 Tw
[(Finally)65(,)-339(a third w)9(a)1(y to conceptualiz)-1(e f)20(irm perf)-1(or-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.19931 TD
-0.035 Tw
[(mance \(and e)15(xamine its rela)-1(tionship with human cap-)]TJ
T*
0.181 Tw
[(ital\),)-417(r)1(ela)-1(tes to f)20(irm gro)25(wth. In a study of Finnish)]TJ
0 Tc
(f)'
0.29799 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ir)Tj
0.5806 0 TD
(ms,)Tj
1.79168 0 TD
0.185 Tw
[(Kang)5(asharju and Pekkala (2002) found that)]TJ
-2.67027 -1.19931 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.29799 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ir)Tj
0.5806 0 TD
0.261 Tw
(ms r)Tj
1.95003 0 TD
(un b)Tj
1.95052 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.98032 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(mor)Tj
1.5658 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.92436 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.261 Tw
[(highly educated entrepreneur)-1(s)]TJ
-8.24962 -1.19933 TD
0.256 Tw
[(e)15(xperienced higher gro)25(wth rates during economic)]TJ
-22.50001 -2.91593 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(T)80(able 1)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 382.5103 Tm
0 g
(Compar)Tj
3.27784 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(ison of Inner City Economic De)Tj
12.80078 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.44385 0 TD
(elopment Models)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 350.1093 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(T)74(ype of Model)]TJ
0 -1.56667 TD
[(D)-1(r)1(i)10(ving F)26(o)-1(r)18(c)-1(e)]TJ
0 -2.73333 TD
0 Tw
[(Benef)1(actor)1(s)]TJ
T*
(Impact)Tj
0 -3.9 TD
[(F)25(ocus)]TJ
0 -5.06667 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Human Ca)1(pital)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
[(Implica)1(tions)]TJ
0 -2.73333 TD
0.002 Tc
(Comm)Tj
2.88746 0.00001 TD
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
(unity P)Tj
3.09849 0.00001 TD
0.002 Tc
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.94385 0.00001 TD
0.001 Tc
(tner)Tj
1.77637 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(s)Tj
-8.70616 -5.06669 TD
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(A)-1(d)1(d)-1(r)18(essing Inner City)]TJ
0 -1.1667 TD
0 Tw
[(Disad)1(v)10(anta)1(ge)-1(s)]TJ
0 -2.7333 TD
0.003 Tc
(Go)Tj
1.2681 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4902 0 TD
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(e)-1(r)16(nment In)40(v)10(olv)11(ement)]TJ
10.43614 30.43332 TD
[(P)20(o)-1(r)1(ter\325)38(s Model)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 170.7499 350.1093 Tm
0 g
(Economic)Tj
0 -1.56667 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Pri)25(v)25(ate Sector)]TJ
0 -2.73333 TD
[(Prof)19(itable b)20(usinesses)]TJ
T*
[(Inte)15(gration with the )]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
[(re)15(gional economy)]TJ
0 -2.73334 TD
[(Companies that are e)14(xport-)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.83277 0.00001 TD
(iented)Tj
-0.83277 -3.90001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Skilled and e)15(xperienced)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
[(minorities eng)5(aged in)]TJ
T*
[(b)20(uilding b)19(usinesses)]TJ
0 -1.56667 TD
0 Tw
(Mainstr)Tj
3.11011 0.00001 TD
(eam,)Tj
2.19053 0.00001 TD
(pr)Tj
0.83276 0.00001 TD
(i)Tj
0.25293 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.4751 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(ate sector)Tj
-6.86143 -1.1667 TD
(institutions enlisted)Tj
0 -3.9 TD
[(Addressed directl)-1(y)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(Go)Tj
1.20703 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ernment f)-1(ocused or)]TJ
-1.69215 -1.16668 TD
[(impro)15(ving the en)39(vironment)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
(f)Tj
0.33277 0.00001 TD
(or b)Tj
1.58799 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(usiness)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 280.4999 364.2093 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Social Model)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 280.4999 350.1093 Tm
0 g
(Social)Tj
0 -1.56667 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Go)15(v)15(er)-1(nment and social )]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(ser)Tj
1.16553 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(vices or)Tj
3.14439 0 TD
0 Tw
[(g)5(anization)]TJ
-4.30992 -1.56667 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Subsidized b)20(usinesses)]TJ
0 -2.73333 TD
[(Isolation from the lar)17(ge)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(economy)Tj
0 -2.73334 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Companies that serv)15(e the)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
(local comm)Tj
4.71787 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(unity)Tj
-4.71787 -3.90001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Skilled and e)15(xperienced)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
[(minorities eng)5(aged in the)]TJ
T*
(social service sector)Tj
0 -1.56667 TD
(Special institutions cr)Tj
8.71455 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ea)Tj
0.8877 0.00001 TD
(ted)Tj
-9.60225 -5.06668 TD
0.025 Tw
(Counterbalanced with )Tj
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(subsidies)Tj
0 -2.73333 TD
(Go)Tj
1.20703 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ernment in)39(v)20(olv)15(ed)]TJ
-1.69214 -1.16668 TD
[(directly in pro)14(viding )]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(ser)Tj
1.16553 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(vices or funding)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 390.2499 364.2093 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
(MBI Model)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 390.2499 350.1093 Tm
0 g
(Service-Learning)Tj
0 -1.56667 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Pri)25(v)25(ate uni)25(v)14(ersity with a)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(pub)Tj
1.5 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(lic mission)Tj
-1.5 -1.56667 TD
[(Existing and ne)25(w b)20(usiness)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
(es in the neighborhood)Tj
0 -1.56667 TD
[(Dri)25(ving for)-1(ce in the )]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
[(re)25(vitalization of inner )]TJ
T*
(city neighborhoods)Tj
0 -1.56667 TD
[(Companies that serv)15(e local)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.49951 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(unity and esta)Tj
5.60396 0.00001 TD
(b)Tj
0.5 0.00001 TD
(lish it)Tj
-8.60348 -1.16669 TD
(as a viable commercial )Tj
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(district)Tj
0 -1.56667 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Skilled and e)15(xperienced)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
[(minorities empo)25(wer)-1(ed to)]TJ
T*
[(b)20(uild b)19(usinesses)]TJ
0 -1.56667 TD
0 Tw
(Uni)Tj
1.47485 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0.00001 TD
(er)Tj
0.77661 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(sity ser)Tj
2.88511 0.00001 TD
(ving as the)Tj
-5.62169 -1.16669 TD
0 Tw
(ca)Tj
0.8877 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(talyst by enlisting the)Tj
-0.8877 -1.16667 TD
[(support of pri)25(v)25(ate and pub-)]TJ
T*
(lic sector institutions)Tj
0 -1.56667 TD
(Addressed through )Tj
0 -1.16667 TD
[(b)20(uilding capacity of )]TJ
T*
[(b)20(usiness o)25(wner)-1(s)]TJ
0 -1.56666 TD
0 Tw
(Go)Tj
1.20703 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ernment in)39(v)20(olv)15(ed )]TJ
-1.69214 -1.16668 TD
[(indirectly by pro)14(viding)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
(seed mone)Tj
4.2584 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
0.77486 0 Td
0 Tc
(and per)Tj
2.9956 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(sonnel)Tj
-8.02886 -1.16668 TD
(suppor)Tj
2.72169 0.00001 TD
(t)Tj
ET
0.5 w
0 G
60 377 m
492 377 l
S
60 346.5 m
492 346.5 l
S
60 360.337 m
492 360.337 l
S
60 321.931 m
492 321.931 l
S
60 297.362 m
492 297.362 l
S
57.458 260.932 m
489.458 260.932 l
S
57.458 217.5 m
489.458 217.5 l
S
57.458 136.5 m
489.458 136.5 l
S
57.458 181.402 m
489.458 181.402 l
S
57.458 100.5 m
489.458 100.5 l
S
164.3889 376.7276 m
164.3889 59.9996 l
S
273.6791 376.7278 m
273.6791 59.9998 l
S
384.0002 376.7278 m
384.0002 59.9998 l
S
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:10 PM Page 69)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
70 0 obj
<<
/Length 16081
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(70)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Desplaces et al.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.11 Tw
[(booms and recessions. In a study of Spanish f)20(ir)-1(ms,)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
-0.022 Tw
[(Pena (2002) found that gro)25(wth companies were mor)-1(e)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
0.125 Tw
[(lik)10(el)-1(y to be operated by entrepreneurs with colle)15(ge)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.138 Tw
[(de)15(grees. Pena also noted that prior e)14(xperience in a)]TJ
-0.0152 Tc
(m)'
0.76284 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.023 Tw
[(anager)-1(ial position w)10(as a signif)20(icant f)9(actor in deter-)]TJ
-0.76284 -1.15701 TD
0.025 Tw
[(mining the gro)25(wth rate of a f)20(ir)-1(m.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 625.7325 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Human Capital and the MBI Pr)45(o)10(gr)15(am)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 606.9625 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.108 Tw
[(The e)15(xtant literature and empirical r)-1(esearch cited)]TJ
-0.9 -1.157 TD
0.044 Tw
[(abo)15(v)15(e support the e)15(xistence of tw)9(o positi)25(v)15(e relation)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
0.037 Tw
[(ships:)-272((a) between on-the-job training and the de)25(v)15(el)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.171 Tw
[(opment of human capital,)-406(and (b) between human)]TJ
T*
0.085 Tw
[(capital and f)19(irm performance)-1(. In light of these rela-)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
0.06 Tw
[(tionships,)-295(an impor)-1(tant goal of the MBI has been to)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.25 Tw
[(de)25(v)15(elop the human capital potential of inner city)]TJ
0 -1.15702 TD
0.334 Tw
[(entrepreneurs thr)-1(ough a combination of training,)]TJ
0 -1.15701 TD
-0.001 Tc
0.361 Tw
[(consulting )1(services,)-610(a)-1(n)-1(d)-1( o)-1(n)-1(g)-1(o)-1(i)-1(n)-1(g)-1( s)-1(u)-1(p)-1(p)-1(o)-1(r)-1(t. )18(This)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
-0.009 Tc
0.369 Tw
[(echoes recent calls f)-1(or skilled and e)15(xperienced)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.165 Tw
[(minority o)25(wners f)-1(ocused on de)25(v)15(eloping their b)20(usi-)]TJ
T*
0.017 Tw
[(nesses \(e.g.,)-252(Por)-1(ter)40(,)-252(1995\),)-253(b)20(ut also concedes that the)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(kno)Tj
1.4301 0 TD
(wledg)Tj
2.36861 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.62687 0 Td
(g)Tj
0.48011 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(p)Tj
0.68292 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.037 Tw
(is v)Tj
1.30497 0 TD
[(ery r)-1(eal in inner city communities.)]TJ
-7.32243 -1.15702 TD
0.235 Tw
(Students lear)Tj
5.23246 0 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(n)Tj
0.95452 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(fr)Tj
0.63584 0 TD
0.235 Tw
(om this pr)Tj
4.37484 0 TD
(ocess b)Tj
3.04537 0 TD
(y)Tj
0.95476 0 Td
0 Tw
(eng)Tj
1.39403 0 TD
0.235 Tw
(aging the)Tj
-16.59182 -1.15702 TD
0 Tc
(b)Tj
0.46522 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.027 Tw
(usiness o)Tj
3.50543 0 TD
0 Tw
(wner)Tj
1.93854 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.63574 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.027 Tw
(in a dialo)Tj
3.62507 0 TD
(gue tha)Tj
2.83743 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.52462 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ultima)Tj
2.46529 0 TD
0.027 Tw
[(tely re)25(v)15(eals)]TJ
-15.99734 -1.15702 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(halleng)Tj
2.83836 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(es)Tj
1.06927 0 Td
(as)Tj
1.06927 0 Td
(w)Tj
0.70701 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.032 Tw
(ell as oppor)Tj
4.54815 0 TD
0 Tw
(tunities. )Tj
3.30783 0 TD
0.032 Tw
(Their learning is)Tj
-13.96875 -1.15702 TD
0.339 Tw
[(enhanced as the)15(y w)10(or)-1(k to design strate)15(gies and)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
-0.013 Tc
0.373 Tw
[(implementation plans for addr)-1(essing these chal-)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.209 Tw
[(lenges and opportunities. Simultaneously)65(,)-444(b)20(usiness)]TJ
T*
0.124 Tw
[(o)25(wners learn fr)-1(om the in)40(v)20(olv)15(ement of students and)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(f)10(aculty who share their kno)25(wledge an)-1(d)1( )-1(e)15(xpertise.)]TJ
0.9 -1.15701 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.092 Tw
[(The MBI is in its third year of of)25(fering a ser)-1(vice-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.157 TD
-0.018 Tc
0.373 Tw
[(learning b)19(usiness e)15(xperience to students through)]TJ
0 Tc
(e)'
0.40896 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
0 Tw
(xposur)Tj
2.6017 0 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(e)Tj
0.64737 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
-0.006 Tw
(to small b)Tj
3.71152 0 TD
(usiness de)Tj
3.85097 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.46511 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
(elopment and mana)Tj
7.47776 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.48 0 TD
(e)Tj
0.42385 0 TD
(-)Tj
-20.06724 -1.15702 TD
-0.02 Tc
0 Tw
(ment. )Tj
2.33374 0 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59084 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
-0.028 Tw
(his ef)Tj
2.0205 0 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31277 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.79277 0 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(t)Tj
0.45985 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
-0.028 Tw
(has pr)Tj
2.26759 0 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.46511 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.46511 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
(en to be a successful tool f)Tj
9.87894 0 TD
0 Tw
(or)Tj
-19.58722 -1.15702 TD
-0.02 Tw
[(economic de)25(v)15(elopment and re)25(vitaliza)-1(tion in the North)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.009 Tw
[(End of Hartf)-1(ord,)-238(mir)-1(r)1(or)-1(ing similar successes in urban)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.37 Tw
[(settings \(Sherman,)-605(1999; )50(V)111(edo)15(v)15(ello & Godinho,)]TJ
T*
-0.02 Tc
0.176 Tw
[(2003\). Modeled after the old Chinese pro)15(v)15(erb pr)-1(e)1(-)]TJ
T*
0.07 Tw
(sented a)Tj
3.15879 0.00001 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(t)Tj
0.55829 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
(the be)Tj
2.35115 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.48 0.00001 TD
-0.02 Tc
(inning of this pa)Tj
6.39833 0.00001 TD
[(per:)-301(\322Gi)25(v)15(e a man a)]TJ
-12.94656 -1.15702 TD
-0.004 Tw
[(f)20(ish he will eat for one day)64(,)-225(teac)-1(h a man to f)20(ish and he)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0.261 Tw
[(can feed himself for a lifetime)-1(,)70-491(this community-)]TJ
T*
-0.018 Tc
0.373 Tw
(based ser)Tj
3.90041 0.00001 TD
[(v)1(i)1(c)1(e)1(-)1(l)1(e)1(a)1(r)1(ning initiat)1(i)25(v)16(e w)9(as launched to)]TJ
-3.90041 -1.15701 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.024 Tw
[(empo)25(wer students to crea)-1(te and achie)25(v)15(e collaborati)24(v)15(e)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0 Tw
(lear)Tj
1.4183 0.00001 TD
(ning-or)Tj
2.80339 0.00001 TD
0.325 Tw
(iented g)Tj
3.35808 0.00001 TD
[(oals and objecti)25(v)15(es r)-1(a)1(ther than)]TJ
-7.57977 -1.15702 TD
0.238 Tw
[(ha)20(ving students simpl)-1(y disseminate information to)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0 Tw
(other)Tj
1.95446 0.00001 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(s)Tj
0.59557 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
(\(J)Tj
0.68188 0.00001 TD
(acob)Tj
1.80771 0.00001 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(y)Tj
0.70668 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
-0.003 Tw
[(et al.,)-227(1996.\) )18(The program has become)]TJ
-5.7463 -1.15702 TD
0.025 Tw
[(the catalyst f)-1(or neighborhood and inner city econom-)]TJ
0 -1.157 TD
0 Tc
0.513 Tw
(ic r)Tj
1.8174 0 TD
(e)Tj
0.41895 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(vitaliza)Tj
2.94287 0.00001 TD
0.513 Tw
[(tion by introducing v)25(aluable ne)24(w)]TJ
-5.17922 -1.15702 TD
(r)Tj
0.31277 0.00001 TD
-0.02 Tc
0 Tw
(esour)Tj
2.06554 0.00001 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(ces)Tj
1.59697 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
0.15 Tw
(to a neighborhood beset with comm)Tj
14.44904 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(unity)Tj
-18.42432 -1.15702 TD
0.015 Tw
[(conflicts and signif)19(icant le)25(v)15(els of crime. Students and)]TJ
0 -1.15699 TD
0 Tc
(b)Tj
0.46023 0.00001 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.039 Tw
(usiness o)Tj
3.47236 0.00001 TD
[(wners eng)5(age in acti)25(vities designed to pr)-1(o-)]TJ
-3.93259 -1.15702 TD
0.346 Tw
[(mote mutual learning and de)24(v)15(elopment. )18(Through)]TJ
0 Tc
(r)'
0.3128 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
0 Tw
(ef)Tj
0.7366 0 TD
0.212 Tw
(lection and r)Tj
5.16182 0.00001 TD
[(eciprocity (Jacoby),)-443(a link between)]TJ
-6.2112 -1.157 TD
0.025 Tw
[(human capital and gro)25(wth is established. )]TJ
0.9 -1.157 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.5958 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.048 Tw
(he MBI human ca)Tj
7.11214 0.00001 TD
(pital model \(her)Tj
6.24307 0.00001 TD
[(ein ref)-1(erred to)]TJ
-14.8511 -1.157 TD
0.103 Tw
[(as the \322MBI model\323\) of)25(fers components tha)-1(t are in)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(shar)Tj
1.6055 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(p)Tj
0.7083 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(contr)Tj
1.9796 0 TD
-0.011 Tw
(ast to both the P)Tj
6.14291 0.00001 TD
(orter and social models of)Tj
12.0636 63.6838 TD
0.003 Tw
[(economic de)25(v)15(elopment. )17(T)80(a)1(ble 1 summar)-1(izes and dif-)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ferentiates the k)9(e)15(y elements of the three models.)]TJ
0.9 -1.15238 TD
0.077 Tw
[(As )18(T)80(able 1 illustrates,)-312(the MBI model seeks mid-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15238 TD
0.188 Tw
[(dle ground between Porter\325)54(s free mark)10(et approac)-1(h)]TJ
T*
-0.01 Tc
0.369 Tw
[(and the social model\325)55(s)-1( )-1(g)-1(o)14(v)14(ernment interv)14(ention)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.123 Tw
[(approach. It seeks to empo)25(wer urban entrepreneur)-1(s)]TJ
T*
0.068 Tw
[(by pro)15(viding them with tools for success:)-303(educa)-1(tion)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.036 Tw
[(and training from Uni)25(v)14(ersity of Hartfor)-1(d f)10(aculty and)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
0.074 Tw
[(students. By de)25(v)15(eloping the human capital potential)]TJ
0 -1.15236 TD
-0.028 Tw
[(of urban entrepreneurs,)-208(the)15(y are in a better position to)]TJ
0 -1.15239 TD
0.107 Tw
[(launch and maintain successful and prof)19(itable b)20(usi-)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.02 Tw
(nesses capable of responding to unmet needs in both)Tj
0 -1.15239 TD
0.043 Tw
[(the local and re)15(gional economies. )18(There is a role f)-1(or)]TJ
0 -1.15236 TD
0.132 Tw
[(go)15(v)15(er)-1(nment in the MBI model,)-367(b)20(ut it is to pro)15(vide)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.244 Tw
(seed funding and ancillary support rather than to)Tj
T*
0.073 Tw
[(become directly in)39(v)20(olv)15(ed in funding and supporting)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(inner city f)20(ir)-1(ms on an ongoing basis.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 302.6708 496.75 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(K)25(e)15(y Players and )17(Their Roles in the MBI)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 478.0262 Tm
0 g
0.0049 Tc
(A)Tj
1.5135 0 Td
0.005 Tc
0.532 Tw
(successful economic r)Tj
9.99731 0 TD
[(e)25(vitalization ef)25(fort)]TJ
-12.41081 -1.15238 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.119 Tw
[(requires the collaboration and cooperation of man)15(y)]TJ
0 Tc
(k)'
0.47523 0 TD
(e)Tj
0.41396 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.75133 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(pla)Tj
1.17684 0 TD
0.031 Tw
[(yers. In the case of the MBI,)-267(assistance came)]TJ
-2.81736 -1.15238 TD
0.073 Tw
[(from within and outside of the Uni)24(v)15(ersity)65(. )17(T)1(he con-)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(ce)Tj
0.8577 0 TD
0.05 Tw
(pt w)Tj
1.72979 0 TD
(as de)Tj
1.97651 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(eloped by a f)10(aculty member)39(,)-285(an e)15(xperi-)]TJ
-5.03411 -1.15238 TD
-0.012 Tw
(enced Upper )Tj
5.07068 0 TD
0 Tw
(Alban)Tj
2.35372 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.70758 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.012 Tw
(small b)Tj
2.77944 0 TD
(usiness o)Tj
3.4663 0 TD
[(wner)40(,)-223(an of)25(f)20(icer)]TJ
-14.37772 -1.15239 TD
-0.024 Tw
[(of the city\325)55(s chamber of commerce)-1(,)-211(and a senior le)25(v)15(el)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.138 Tw
[(community bank manager)54(. Recognizing the impor-)]TJ
T*
0.157 Tw
(tance of de)Tj
4.51012 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(eloping the human ca)Tj
8.75162 0 TD
(pital potential of)Tj
-13.73184 -1.15239 TD
0.005 Tc
0.373 Tw
[(the small b)20(usiness o)25(wner)-1(s on )55(Alban)15(y )55(A)74(v)15(enue)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.13 Tw
[(\(ref)-1(erred to as )18(The )55(A)74(v)15(enue in the r)-1(emaining of the)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.269 Tw
[(paper\) \(T)80(able 2\) and,)-505(understanding the v)25(alue of)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.142 Tw
(hands-on lear)Tj
5.36069 0 TD
(ning oppor)Tj
4.35246 0 TD
(tunities f)Tj
3.51872 0 TD
(or students \(T)Tj
5.54761 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
(b)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(le)Tj
-19.69333 -1.1524 TD
0.034 Tw
[(3\),)-269(this group en)40(visioned the m)-1(utual benef)20(its of con-)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.025 Tw
[(necting students with small b)20(usiness o)24(wners. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15237 TD
0.333 Tw
(Other cor)Tj
4.00145 0 TD
0 Tw
(por)Tj
1.28776 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.333 Tw
(te and comm)Tj
5.66698 0 TD
(unity par)Tj
3.78075 0 TD
0 Tw
(tner)Tj
1.49444 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.94231 0 Td
(w)Tj
0.707 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(er)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
-19.95615 -1.1524 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.017 Tw
[(recruited to assist with fundraising,)-252(and to help iden-)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.109 Tw
[(tify the b)20(usinesses that w)9(ould benef)20(it from such an)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0 Tw
(oppor)Tj
2.25777 0.00001 TD
0.127 Tw
[(tunity)65(. )55(As an e)15(xample)-1(,)-361(when additional funds)]TJ
-2.25777 -1.15238 TD
0.153 Tw
[(were needed to hire a fulltime staf)24(f person for the)]TJ
T*
0.033 Tw
[(program,)-268(corpor)-1(a)1(te par)-1(tners stepped forw)10(ar)-1(d to fund)]TJ
T*
-0.025 Tw
(the ne)Tj
2.27547 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(w)Tj
0.91664 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(position. Similar)Tj
6.38623 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(l)Tj
0.26283 0.00001 TD
(y)Tj
0.42006 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-210(another corporate partner)]TJ
-10.26123 -1.15239 TD
0.068 Tw
[(has pro)15(vided lobbying services to ensure the ann)-1(ual)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ene)Tj
1.3178 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.69716 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(al of a g)Tj
3.11466 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(ant from the City Council. )18(The corpo-)]TJ
-5.76514 -1.1524 TD
0.071 Tw
[(rate and community partners also serv)15(e as a screen)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.326 Tw
[(ing committee to re)25(vie)25(w b)19(usinesses that e)15(xpress)]TJ
T*
0.013 Tw
[(interest in participating in the MBI. It is impor)-1(tant to)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.052 Tw
[(w)10(ork with those b)19(usinesses that can benef)20(it,)-287(and not)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.014 Tw
[(w)10(aste v)25(alua)-1(ble resources on those that will not bene-)]TJ
0 -1.15236 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.29799 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(it fr)Tj
1.42119 0.00001 TD
(om the pr)Tj
3.74729 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(am\325)55(s ser)-1(vices.)]TJ
-5.85423 -1.15242 TD
0 Tw
(Or)Tj
1.00687 0.00001 TD
0.238 Tw
[(g)5(anizing such a project requir)-1(es the ongoing)]TJ
-1.90687 -1.15238 TD
0.111 Tw
[(commitment of f)10(aculty and the support of g)-1(r)1(aduate)]TJ
T*
0.031 Tw
(assistants w)Tj
4.59952 0.00001 TD
(ho visit the b)Tj
5.05653 0.00001 TD
[(usiness o)25(wners on a re)15(gular)]TJ
-9.65605 -1.15239 TD
[(basis to understand ho)25(w each b)19(usiness operates. )18(The)]TJ
0 -1.15237 TD
0.182 Tw
[(f)10(aculty needs to be f)10(amiliar with the inter)-1(ests and)]TJ
0 -1.15238 TD
0.25 Tw
[(skills of participating students to crea)-1(te w)10(orkab)-1(l)1(e)]TJ
0 -1.15236 TD
0 Tw
(pair)Tj
1.49445 0.00001 TD
0.177 Tw
(ings of students with b)Tj
9.39668 0.00001 TD
[(usiness o)25(wners. F)14(aculty)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:10 PM Page 70)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
71 0 obj
<<
/Length 13294
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(T)80(able 2)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 688.5103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(K)35(e)30(y Player)9(s,)-260(their Roles,)-260(and Learning Outcomes in the Micr)45(o Business Incubator)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 635.1094 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(Player)-1(s)]TJ
0 -13.23333 TD
0.025 Tw
(Their Roles)Tj
0 -23.73334 TD
0 Tw
(Learning )Tj
0 -1.16667 TD
(Outcomes)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 115 670.2094 Tm
0 g
-0.0136 Tc
(C)Tj
0.70738 0.00001 TD
-0.014 Tc
[(or)11(por)2(ate/)]TJ
-0.70738 -1.16667 TD
[(C)-1(o)-1(m)-1(m)1(unity)]TJ
T*
[(P)10(a)-1(r)1(tner)1(s)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 115 635.1094 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
Tj
0.59483 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.03 Tw
[(Upper Alban)15(y)]TJ
-0.59483 -1.16667 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(M)Tj
0.87387 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(ain Street)Tj
-0.87387 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
[(\(U)39(AMS\))]TJ
0 -1.16666 TD
-0.0152 Tc
Tj
0.59468 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Metro Hartf)-1(ord)]TJ
-0.59468 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(Alliance)Tj
-0.0151 Tc
'
0.57703 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(T)35(ra)20(v)15(elers)]TJ
-0.57703 -1.16667 TD
[(F)15(oundation)]TJ
-0.0151 Tc
'
0.59488 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Bank of )55(America)]TJ
-0.59488 -1.16667 TD
-0.0152 Tc
Tj
0.59469 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
[(Hartf)-1(ord)]TJ
-0.59469 -1.16667 TD
0.025 Tw
[(F)15(oundation for)]TJ
T*
[(Public Gi)25(ving)]TJ
0 -1.56668 TD
-0.0152 Tc
Tj
0.59468 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
[(Pro)15(vide)]TJ
-0.59468 -1.16667 TD
0.025 Tw
(fundraising and)Tj
T*
(lobbying support)Tj
0 -1.16666 TD
-0.0152 Tc
Tj
0.59469 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Screen and select)Tj
-0.59469 -1.16667 TD
[(b)20(usiness o)25(wner)-1(s to)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(participate )Tj
-0.0152 Tc
'
0.59468 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Pro)15(vide day-to-)]TJ
-0.59468 -1.16667 TD
(day support for the)Tj
T*
0 Tw
(program)Tj
0 -14.4 TD
-0.0152 Tc
Tj
0.5947 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Eager to eng)5(age)]TJ
-0.5947 -1.16667 TD
(and w)Tj
2.35601 0 TD
(ork with)Tj
-2.35601 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
[(U)40(AMS)]TJ
0 -1.16666 TD
-0.0151 Tc
Tj
0.59478 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(See a futur)Tj
4.2159 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.68879 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(in)Tj
-5.49946 -1.16667 TD
0.025 Tw
(the neighborhood)Tj
-0.0151 Tc
'
0.59481 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Corporate)Tj
-0.59481 -1.16667 TD
(sponsorship)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 192 670.2094 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
(B)Tj
0.65197 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(usiness Owner)1(s)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 192 635.1094 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Small retail and)Tj
0 -1.16667 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(s)Tj
0.37376 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(ervice b)19(usinesses)]TJ
-0.37376 -1.16667 TD
-0.03 Tw
[(on Alban)15(y A)74(v)15(en)-1(ue)]TJ
0 -1.16666 TD
0.025 Tw
[(in North Hartf)-1(ord)]TJ
0 -9.73334 TD
-0.0151 Tc
Tj
0.5948 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Commit to)Tj
-0.5948 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(participate)Tj
-0.0151 Tc
'
0.59474 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Schedule re)15(gular)]TJ
-0.59474 -1.16666 TD
(hours to meet with)Tj
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(students )Tj
-0.0151 Tc
'
0.59475 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Share e)15(xper)-1(ience)]TJ
-0.59475 -1.16667 TD
[(and e)15(xcitement for)]TJ
T*
[(b)20(usiness with)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(students )Tj
-0.0151 Tc
'
0.53992 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Attend students\325)Tj
-0.53992 -1.16667 TD
[(f)20(inal presentations)]TJ
-0.0151 Tc
'
0.59474 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(Gi)25(v)15(e f)-1(eedback)]TJ
-0.59474 -1.16667 TD
(and appreciation)Tj
T*
[(for students\325)-186(ef)25(forts)]TJ
0 -8.56667 TD
[(De)25(v)15(elop m)-1(utual)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42884 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ppreciation and)Tj
-0.42884 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(understanding)Tj
0 -1.16666 TD
(\(w)Tj
1.02468 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(hite students)Tj
-1.02468 -1.16667 TD
[(w)10(orking with)]TJ
T*
[(minority b)20(usiness)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
[(o)25(wners\))]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 269 670.2094 Tm
0 g
-0.014 Tc
(S)Tj
0.54099 0.00001 TD
(tudents)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 269 635.1094 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Junior and Senior)Tj
0 -1.16667 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(B)Tj
0.65193 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(usiness and)Tj
-0.65193 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(Entrepreneurial)Tj
0 -1.16666 TD
0.025 Tw
(Studies majors,)Tj
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(Communication,)Tj
T*
-0.03 Tw
[(Graphic Ar)-1(ts)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(majors,)-260(and other)]TJ
T*
(interested upper)Tj
T*
0 Tw
(classmen)Tj
0 -3.90001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
Tj
0.59471 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Establish rapport)Tj
-0.59471 -1.16667 TD
[(with b)20(usiness)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
[(o)25(wners)]TJ
0 -1.16666 TD
-0.0151 Tc
Tj
0.59488 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Conduct needs)Tj
-0.59488 -1.16667 TD
(assessment and)Tj
T*
(report on)Tj
T*
0 Tw
(recommendations )Tj
-0.0151 Tc
'
0.59475 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(De)25(v)15(elop)]TJ
-0.59475 -1.16667 TD
(customized)Tj
T*
0.025 Tw
(learning plan for)Tj
T*
[(assigned b)20(usiness )]TJ
-0.0151 Tc
'
0.53992 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Attend training)Tj
-0.53993 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(sessions )Tj
-0.0151 Tc
'
0.59471 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Deli)25(v)15(er onsite)]TJ
-0.59471 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(customized)Tj
T*
0.025 Tw
(training and)Tj
T*
0 Tw
(support)Tj
-0.0151 Tc
'
0.59475 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Measure b)20(usiness)]TJ
-0.59475 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
[(o)25(wners\325)-187(progress)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(and report to class)Tj
0 -1.56667 TD
[(See )18(T)80(able 3 for)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(detailed)Tj
T*
(description)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 346 670.2094 Tm
0 g
(F)Tj
0.57093 0.00001 TD
-0.014 Tc
[(aculty/Staf)1(f)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 346 635.1094 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Prof)-1(essors and)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
-0.0153 Tc
(G)Tj
0.70669 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(raduate)Tj
-0.70669 -1.16667 TD
(Assistants)Tj
0 -10.9 TD
-0.0151 Tc
Tj
0.59472 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Recruit and select)Tj
-0.59472 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(students)Tj
-0.0151 Tc
'
0.59475 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Match b)19(usiness)]TJ
-0.59475 -1.16666 TD
[(o)25(wners with)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
(students based on)Tj
T*
(skills and interests )Tj
-0.0152 Tc
'
0.5947 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(Or)18(g)5(aniz)-1(e train-)]TJ
-0.5947 -1.16667 TD
(the-trainer sessions)Tj
-0.0152 Tc
'
0.59468 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(Pro)15(vide tools to)]TJ
-0.59468 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(students )Tj
-0.0151 Tc
'
0.59485 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Consult with)Tj
-0.59485 -1.16667 TD
(students on an)Tj
T*
(ongoing basis )Tj
-0.0151 Tc
'
0.59479 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Maintain contact)Tj
-0.59479 -1.16667 TD
(among students)Tj
T*
-0.03 Tw
[(through Afr)-1(ican-)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(American board )Tj
0 -5.06667 TD
[(Mo)15(v)15(e fr)-1(om a)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(lectur)Tj
2.18612 0 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(e)Tj
0.68861 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(forma)-1(t to)]TJ
-2.87473 -1.16667 TD
[(train the tr)-1(ainer)]TJ
0 -1.16666 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42884 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ppr)Tj
1.28777 0.00001 TD
(oach)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 423 670.2094 Tm
0 g
-0.0137 Tc
(U)Tj
0.70734 0.00001 TD
-0.014 Tc
[(ni)11(v)10(e)-1(r)1(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 423 635.1094 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(President\325)54(s Of)25(f)20(ice,)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
-0.0153 Tc
(G)Tj
0.70669 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(rants Of)24(f)20(ice,)]TJ
-0.70669 -1.16667 TD
[(Of)25(f)20(ice of)]TJ
0 -1.16666 TD
(Communication &)Tj
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(Instructional)Tj
T*
[(T)70(echnology)]TJ
T*
(Services)Tj
0 -6.23334 TD
-0.0152 Tc
Tj
0.59468 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Pro)15(vide b)19(udget)]TJ
-0.59468 -1.16667 TD
[(o)15(v)15(er)-1(sight and gr)1(ant)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(management)Tj
0 -1.16666 TD
-0.0152 Tc
Tj
0.59468 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(Pro)15(vide)]TJ
-0.59468 -1.16667 TD
(computers,)Tj
T*
[(softw)10(ar)-1(e,)-260(and)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(technical support )Tj
-0.0152 Tc
'
0.59468 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(Pro)15(vide internal)]TJ
-0.59468 -1.16667 TD
[(and e)15(xternal)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(communication)Tj
T*
0.025 Tw
[(support \(e.g.,)-260(PR,)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
[(contacts,)-260(etc.\))]TJ
0 -10.9 TD
[(De)25(v)15(elop)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
(meaningful)Tj
T*
(community)Tj
0 -1.16666 TD
(par)Tj
1.23161 0 TD
(tner)Tj
1.49444 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(ship \(i.e.,)Tj
-2.72605 -1.16668 TD
[(community day)65(,)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
(campus is home of)Tj
T*
[(tw)10(o ma)-1(gnet)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(schools\))Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(71)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 411.0709 716.2092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Human Capital Model)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 196.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.036 Tw
[(members also coach and instruct students to pro)14(vide)]TJ
0 -1.20764 TD
0 Tc
0.009 Tw
(them with the tools the)Tj
9.18469 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
0.7585 0 Td
0 Tc
(need to assist the b)Tj
7.56839 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(usiness)Tj
-17.51157 -1.20764 TD
0.104 Tw
[(o)25(wners. Instruction might include tr)-1(aining in spe-)]TJ
T*
[(cif)19(ic skill areas,)-353(use of ma)-1(terials or softw)10(ar)-1(e)1(,)-354(and)]TJ
0 -1.20763 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ener)Tj
1.72046 0.00001 TD
0.038 Tw
(al lessons a)Tj
4.63046 0.00001 TD
(bout w)Tj
2.77824 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.83276 0 TD
0.038 Tw
(king in an inner city set)Tj
9.60532 0 TD
(-)Tj
-20.06724 -1.20766 TD
0 Tw
(ting)Tj
1.55566 0.00001 TD
(.)Tj
0.63313 0 Td
(F)Tj
0.54111 0.00001 TD
0.133 Tw
[(ollo)25(w-up and ongoing communications ar)-1(e)]TJ
-2.7299 -1.20766 TD
0.123 Tw
(accomplished both in class meetings and through)Tj
0 -1.2076 TD
0.095 Tw
(an online discussion board using Blackboard \(on-)Tj
T*
0.025 Tw
[(line course management softw)9(are.\))]TJ
0.9 -1.2076 TD
0.135 Tw
(Students be)Tj
4.7583 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0.00001 TD
[(in their e)15(xperience by esta)-1(blishing)]TJ
-6.1582 -1.2076 TD
0.076 Tw
[(rapport with their assigned b)20(usiness o)25(wners at the)]TJ
T*
0.29 Tw
[(MBI Kick)10(of)24(f\321a meeting at which all b)20(usiness)]TJ
22.5 13.28398 TD
0.091 Tw
[(o)25(wners and community partner)-1(s are introduced to)]TJ
0 -1.20765 TD
0.191 Tw
[(the program. Both students and b)20(usiness o)25(wner)-1(s)]TJ
0 -1.20764 TD
0.114 Tw
(sign a commitment letter detailing their r)Tj
17.06773 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(esponsi)Tj
2.99951 0.00001 TD
(-)Tj
-20.06724 -1.20765 TD
0.134 Tw
(bilities to one another)Tj
9.03753 0.00001 TD
(.)Tj
0.6157 0 Td
[(The participants e)15(xchange)]TJ
-9.65323 -1.20765 TD
0.104 Tw
(contact inf)Tj
4.35199 -0.00001 TD
[(orma)-1(tion and set up a re)15(gular schedule)]TJ
-4.35199 -1.20763 TD
0.046 Tw
[(of meeting times. In the f)20(ir)-1(st year of the MBI pro-)]TJ
T*
0.192 Tw
[(gram,)-442(a needs assessment instrument w)10(as de)24(v)15(el-)]TJ
0 -1.20765 TD
0.238 Tw
[(oped. )18(This tool is used each year to assess the)]TJ
0 -1.20764 TD
0.09 Tw
(needs of ne)Tj
4.70895 0.00001 TD
(w)Tj
1.06223 0 Td
(b)Tj
0.48023 0.00001 TD
(usinesses joining the pr)Tj
9.63007 0.00001 TD
[(ogram. F)15(or)]TJ
-15.88148 -1.20766 TD
(r)Tj
0.3437 0.00001 TD
0.011 Tc
0.364 Tw
[(eturning b)20(usinesses,)-626(students re)25(vie)25(w progr)1(ess)]TJ
-0.3437 -1.20765 TD
0 Tc
0.251 Tw
(made dur)Tj
3.99953 -0.00001 TD
[(ing the pre)25(vious year)39(,)-501(and w)10(orking in)]TJ
-3.99953 -1.20764 TD
0.235 Tw
[(partnership with the b)19(usiness o)25(wners,)-485(determine)]TJ
ET
0.5 w
0 G
60 683.418 m
492 683.418 l
S
60 646.1411 m
492 646.1411 l
S
60 527 m
492 527 l
S
60 313.503 m
492 313.503 l
S
109.4999 683.4171 m
109.4999 228.0111 l
S
186.5959 683.4484 m
186.5959 228.0415 l
S
262.8449 683.4484 m
262.8449 228.0414 l
S
339.9411 683.4487 m
339.9411 228.0416 l
S
418.7317 683.4482 m
418.7317 228.0423 l
S
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:10 PM Page 71)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
72 0 obj
<<
/Length 13969
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(72)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Desplaces et al.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(T)80(able 3)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 688.5103 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Examples of Cour)10(ses and Learning Outcomes)]TJ
ET
1 g
60 221.258 54 456.242 re
f
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 649.2094 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
[(Cour)1(s)-1(e)]TJ
0 -8.16667 TD
[(Objecti)11(v)10(e)]TJ
0 -7 TD
(Role)Tj
0 -8.16666 TD
[(P)10(a)-1(r)1(ticipant)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0.002 Tc
(Da)Tj
1.22192 0 TD
(ta)Tj
-1.22192 -11.66667 TD
0.001 Tc
(Ser)Tj
1.43384 0 TD
(vice-)Tj
-1.43384 -1.16667 TD
[(Lear)16(ning)]TJ
T*
(Outcomes)Tj
ET
1 g
114 221.258 378 456.242 re
f
BT
/F1 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 115 670.2094 Tm
0 g
0.0023 Tc
(M)Tj
0.94433 0.00001 TD
0.001 Tc
[(G)-1(T)93(-314)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 115 649.2094 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Principles of Entr)37(epr)36(eneur)10(ship)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 115 638.7094 Tm
0 g
-0.0002 Tc
(M)Tj
0.88884 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(id-le)25(v)15(el course)]TJ
-0.88884 -1.16667 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(3)Tj
0.77468 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(Iterations)Tj
-0.77468 -1.16667 TD
0.025 Tw
[(F)15(all Semester (02-04))]TJ
(1)'
0.77491 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
[(F)15(aculty)]TJ
-0.77491 -1.16667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(1)Tj
0.77478 0 Td
0 Tc
-0.03 Tw
(Program Admin.)Tj
-0.77478 -2.33333 TD
0.025 Tw
(Understand fundamental)Tj
0 -1.16667 TD
(entrepreneurial success skills.)Tj
0 -5.83334 TD
0 Tw
((Assessment))Tj
0 -1.16666 TD
(P)Tj
0.5559 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(erfor)-1(m Needs )55(Assessment)]TJ
-0.5559 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(sur)Tj
1.22168 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(v)15(e)15(y and de)25(v)15(elop cogent)]TJ
-1.22168 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(recommendations.)Tj
0 -4.66667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.62487 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
(90 Students)Tj
-0.62487 -1.16667 TD
Tj
0.62491 0 Td
(2700 Hour)Tj
4.32963 0 TD
(s)Tj
-4.95454 -1.16667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.62488 0 Td
(60)Tj
1.27482 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(Needs )Tj
2.71876 0 TD
(Assessments)Tj
-4.61845 -1.16667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.62484 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
(45 Recommendation Plans)Tj
-0.62484 -1.16667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.62481 0 Td
0 Tc
(80% Senior)Tj
4.71815 0 TD
(s)Tj
-5.34297 -1.16667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.62484 0 Td
(4)Tj
0.77485 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(Sc)Tj
0.99992 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(hools In)Tj
3.23471 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.48024 0 TD
0 Tw
(olv)Tj
1.26293 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(ed \(Business,)Tj
-7.37749 -1.16668 TD
[(Arts & Science,)-275(Perf)-1(orming)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(Ar)Tj
1.05468 0 TD
(ts,)Tj
1.13682 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(Art School\))Tj
-2.1915 -4.66667 TD
0 Tw
(Rela)Tj
1.83251 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(tionship b)Tj
3.97764 0 TD
0 Tw
(uilding)Tj
-5.81016 -1.16668 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Di)25(v)15(er)-1(sity training)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(De)Tj
1.14087 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(v)15(elop critical thinking and)]TJ
-1.14087 -1.16667 TD
(analysis skills )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 243.3333 670.2094 Tm
0 g
0.0017 Tc
(M)Tj
0.9437 0.00001 TD
0.002 Tc
[(GT/MKT)93(-)1(4)1(8)1(2)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 243.3333 649.2094 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Small Business Pr)15(acticum)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 243.3333 638.7094 Tm
0 g
-0.0001 Tc
(U)Tj
0.72189 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(pper)20(-le)24(v)15(el Course)]TJ
-0.72188 -1.16667 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(5)Tj
0.77469 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(Iterations)Tj
-0.77469 -1.16667 TD
0.025 Tw
(Spring Semester (02-06))Tj
(1)'
0.77491 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
[(F)15(aculty)]TJ
-0.77491 -1.16667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(1)Tj
0.77478 0 Td
0 Tc
-0.03 Tw
(Program Admin.)Tj
-0.77478 -2.33333 TD
0.025 Tw
(Understand practical)Tj
0 -1.16667 TD
(components of successful)Tj
T*
(entrepreneurship. Experience)Tj
T*
(entrepreneurship and the)Tj
T*
(consulting process. )Tj
0 -2.33334 TD
0 Tw
((Implementation))Tj
0 -1.16666 TD
0.025 Tw
(Implement Needs )Tj
7.32539 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(Assessment.)Tj
-7.32539 -1.16667 TD
(Ref)Tj
1.42382 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(ine recommendations and)Tj
-1.42382 -1.16667 TD
[(deli)25(v)15(er specif)19(ic technical)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(assistance.)Tj
0 -3.5 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.62486 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
(75 Students)Tj
-0.62486 -1.16667 TD
Tj
0.62491 0 Td
(5625 Hour)Tj
4.32964 0 TD
(s)Tj
-4.95454 -1.16667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.62484 0 Td
0 Tc
(37 Businesses Ser)Tj
7.27072 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0 TD
0 Tw
(ed)Tj
-8.38067 -1.16668 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.62488 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
(115 Unique Projects)Tj
-0.62488 -1.16667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.62481 0 Td
0 Tc
(85% Senior)Tj
4.71816 0 TD
(s)Tj
-5.34297 -1.16667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.62484 0 Td
(6)Tj
0.77485 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(Sc)Tj
0.99993 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(hools In)Tj
3.23472 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.48022 0 TD
0 Tw
(olv)Tj
1.26294 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(ed \(Business,)Tj
-7.37749 -1.16668 TD
[(Arts & Science,)-275(Perf)-1(orming)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(Ar)Tj
1.05469 0 TD
(ts,)Tj
1.13681 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Art School,)-275(Eng)-1(ineering)]TJ
-2.1915 -1.16667 TD
(T)Tj
0.54101 0 TD
0 Tw
(ec)Tj
0.8877 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(h. & )Tj
2.0229 0 TD
0 Tw
(Ar)Tj
1.05469 0 TD
(c)Tj
0.44384 0 TD
(hitectur)Tj
3.05396 0 TD
[(e,)-275(Education)]TJ
-8.0041 -1.16669 TD
0.025 Tw
(Nursing & Health\))Tj
0 -2.33333 TD
0 Tw
(Rela)Tj
1.83251 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(tionship b)Tj
3.97764 0 TD
0 Tw
(uilding)Tj
-5.81016 -1.16668 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Di)25(v)15(er)-1(sity training)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(Impr)Tj
1.94336 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(o)15(v)15(ement in b)19(usiness)]TJ
-1.94336 -1.16667 TD
(management skills)Tj
T*
0 Tw
(Impr)Tj
1.94336 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(o)15(v)15(ed a)15(w)9(areness of)]TJ
-1.94336 -1.16667 TD
(community issues)Tj
T*
[(Increased desire to v)19(olunteer )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 371.6666 670.2094 Tm
0 g
0.0011 Tc
(I)Tj
0.38913 0.00001 TD
0.001 Tc
(NTERNSHIP)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 371.6666 649.2094 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(MBI Internship)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 371.6666 638.7094 Tm
0 g
-0.0002 Tc
(I)Tj
0.3328 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
(nternship Credit only)Tj
-0.3328 -1.16667 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(4)Tj
0.77468 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(Iterations)Tj
-0.77468 -1.16667 TD
0.025 Tw
[(F)15(all/Spring Sem. (04-06))]TJ
(1)'
0.77491 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
[(F)15(aculty)]TJ
-0.77491 -1.16667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(1)Tj
0.77478 0 Td
0 Tc
-0.03 Tw
(Program Admin.)Tj
-0.77478 -2.33333 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Learn ho)25(w to manage a)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
[(community-based or)18(g)4(anization)]TJ
T*
[(and g)5(ain economic de)25(v)15(elopment)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
[(e)15(xperience.)]TJ
0 -3.5 TD
0.025 Tw
((Client Service))Tj
0 -1.16666 TD
0 Tw
(Pr)Tj
0.88867 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(o)15(vide in-depth,)-275(project-)]TJ
-0.88867 -1.16667 TD
(f)Tj
0.33276 0.00001 TD
[(ocused b)20(usiness)]TJ
-0.33276 -1.16667 TD
(counseling/training. Financial)Tj
T*
[(management,)-275(tec)-1(hnological and)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(administr)Tj
3.77686 0 TD
(a)Tj
0.44384 0 TD
(ti)Tj
0.53077 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.4851 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.71886 0 Td
0 Tc
(support.)Tj
-5.95543 -2.33335 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.62485 0 Td
(5)Tj
0.77485 0 Td
0 Tc
(Students)Tj
-1.3997 -1.16667 TD
Tj
0.62491 0 Td
0.025 Tw
(1000 Hour)Tj
4.32964 0 TD
(s)Tj
-4.95455 -1.16667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.62483 0 Td
(7)Tj
0.77483 0 Td
0 Tc
(Businesses Ser)Tj
5.9959 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0 TD
0 Tw
(ed)Tj
-7.88067 -1.16668 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.62477 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Seniors Only)Tj
-0.62477 -1.16667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.6248 0 Td
0 Tc
(MGT & MKT Major)Tj
8.48961 0 TD
(s)Tj
-9.11441 -1.16667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.62484 0 Td
(1)Tj
0.77484 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(Sc)Tj
0.99993 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(hool In)Tj
2.8458 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.48023 0 TD
0 Tw
(olv)Tj
1.26294 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(ed (Business))Tj
-6.98858 -1.16668 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.62482 0 Td
0 Tc
(100% Graduation rate)Tj
-0.62482 -5.83333 TD
0 Tw
(Rela)Tj
1.83252 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(tionship b)Tj
3.97763 0 TD
0 Tw
(uilding)Tj
-5.81016 -1.16668 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Di)25(v)15(er)-1(sity training)]TJ
0 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(Impr)Tj
1.94336 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(o)15(v)15(ed b)20(usiness mana)-1(gement)]TJ
-1.94336 -1.16667 TD
0 Tw
(skills)Tj
T*
(Impr)Tj
1.94336 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(o)15(v)15(ed a)15(w)9(areness of)]TJ
-1.94336 -1.16667 TD
(community issues)Tj
T*
[(Increased desire to v)19(olunteer)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(Incr)Tj
1.60938 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(eased career readiness)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 214.0103 Tm
0 g
0.038 Tw
[(the direction for the upcoming year\325)54(s ef)25(forts. Each)]TJ
0 -1.16032 TD
-0.024 Tw
[(b)20(usiness recei)24(v)15(es a customized learning plan which)]TJ
0 -1.16031 TD
0.167 Tw
[(is addressed through onsite tr)-1(aining deli)25(v)15(ered by)]TJ
0 -1.16032 TD
0.041 Tw
(the students. )Tj
5.27685 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(At)Tj
1.29117 0 Td
0 Tc
(the end of the y)Tj
6.38545 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ear)Tj
1.18066 0.00001 TD
0.041 Tw
[(,)-291(students mak)9(e)]TJ
-14.13413 -1.16033 TD
(f)Tj
0.33276 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.83277 0.00001 TD
0.319 Tw
(mal pr)Tj
2.90081 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(esenta)Tj
2.49829 0.00001 TD
0.319 Tw
[(tions about the w)10(or)-1(k the)15(y ha)20(v)15(e)]TJ
-6.56463 -1.16034 TD
0.035 Tw
(done and r)Tj
4.29031 0 TD
0 Tw
(ecei)Tj
1.58448 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.4851 0.00001 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(e)Tj
0.72854 0 Td
(f)Tj
0.333 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(eedbac)Tj
2.77539 0.00001 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(k)Tj
0.78462 0 Td
0 Tc
(fr)Tj
0.66584 0.00001 TD
0.035 Tw
(om the b)Tj
3.54959 0.00001 TD
(usiness o)Tj
3.64845 0 TD
0 Tw
(wn-)Tj
-18.84532 -1.16036 TD
0.357 Tw
[(ers and from the c)-1(lass. Strong bonds de)25(v)15(elop)]TJ
0 -1.16033 TD
0.06 Tw
[(between students and entrepreneurs,)-310(and fr)-1(equent-)]TJ
0 -1.16031 TD
0.115 Tw
[(ly the assistance continues be)15(yond the end of the)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(course.)Tj
0.9 -1.1603 TD
0.109 Tw
[(The in)40(v)20(olv)14(ement and support of the Uni)25(v)15(ersity)65(,)]TJ
-0.9 -1.1603 TD
0.125 Tw
[(its President,)-375(and other administrators ha)20(v)15(e made)]TJ
T*
0.044 Tw
[(this initiati)24(v)15(e both a re)15(gional and a national model)]TJ
(f)'
0.3328 0 TD
0.215 Tw
(or comm)Tj
3.7973 0 TD
(unity-based lear)Tj
6.62834 0.00001 TD
[(ning,)-465(as recognized b)-1(y)]TJ
11.74161 15.08408 TD
0.02 Tc
0.617 Tw
(the National Main Street Center and the)Tj
0 -1.16032 TD
0 Tc
0.046 Tw
(Connecticut Department of Community Economic)Tj
0 -1.16031 TD
-0.012 Tw
[(De)25(v)15(elopment \(EDD)54(Y )55(A)92(w)10(ard\). Because the funding)]TJ
0 -1.16032 TD
(f)Tj
0.33276 0.00001 TD
0.12 Tw
(or the MBI r)Tj
5.38732 0.00001 TD
(uns thr)Tj
2.87 0.00001 TD
[(ough the Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity)65(,)-370(funding)]TJ
-8.59008 -1.16033 TD
0 Tw
(sour)Tj
1.72168 0.00001 TD
0.232 Tw
(ces f)Tj
2.09122 0.00001 TD
(eel mor)Tj
3.25796 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.92558 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(secur)Tj
2.10949 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.92561 0 Td
0 Tc
0.232 Tw
[(that grants tar)18(geted to)]TJ
-11.03154 -1.16034 TD
0.065 Tw
(assist the comm)Tj
6.51696 0 TD
(unity will be ef)Tj
6.25091 0 TD
(f)Tj
0.33276 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ecti)Tj
1.41846 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.48511 0.00001 TD
(el)Tj
0.72168 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
0.81457 0 Td
0 Tc
(mana)Tj
2.16572 0.00001 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0.00001 TD
(ed.)Tj
-19.20616 -1.16036 TD
0.027 Tw
[(In addition,)-277(the Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity has w)10(ork)9(ed to refurbish)]TJ
0 -1.16033 TD
0.28 Tw
[(computers and \322lend\323)-531(them to struggling small)]TJ
0 -1.16031 TD
0.044 Tw
[(b)20(usinesses on the )55(A)74(v)15(en)-1(ue,)-294(installing and maintain-)]TJ
0 -1.16032 TD
0.237 Tw
[(ing them o)15(v)15(er time. )17(T)1(hus,)-487(when students go to)]TJ
0 -1.16031 TD
0.047 Tw
[(assist their b)20(usinesses in crea)-1(ting f)20(inancial records)]TJ
0 -1.16032 TD
-0.029 Tw
[(and de)25(v)15(eloping b)19(usiness plans,)-221(the supporting tech-)]TJ
0 -1.16031 TD
0.107 Tw
[(nology is a)20(v)25(aila)-1(ble. Much of the signif)20(icant press)]TJ
0 -1.16032 TD
0.02 Tc
0 Tw
(co)Tj
0.96895 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.5051 0.00001 TD
0.02 Tc
(er)Tj
0.81661 0.00001 TD
0.375 Tw
(age attained by the program has come)Tj
ET
0.5 w
0 G
60 683.418 m
492 683.418 l
S
59.153 663 m
491.153 663 l
S
59.153 589.293 m
491.153 589.293 l
S
59.153 526.5991 m
491.153 526.5991 l
S
59.153 454.586 m
491.153 454.586 l
S
59.153 336.824 m
491.153 336.824 l
S
108.7432 683.4484 m
108.7432 244.5304 l
S
237.5192 683.4484 m
237.5192 244.5304 l
S
366.2953 683.4485 m
366.2953 244.5305 l
S
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:10 PM Page 72)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
73 0 obj
<<
/Length 15858
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(73)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 411.0709 716.2092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Human Capital Model)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
0.213 Tw
[(through the ef)25(forts of the Uni)24(v)15(ersity\325)55(s Of)24(f)21(ice of)]TJ
0 -1.15679 TD
0.008 Tc
0.367 Tw
(Communication which made the contacts and)Tj
0 -1.15678 TD
0 Tc
-0.008 Tw
[(pitched the stories,)-242(yielding local as well as nation)-1(-)]TJ
-0.0001 Tc
(a)'
0.44388 0.00001 TD
(l)Tj
0.55276 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(co)15(v)15(er)-1(age for the MBI.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 76.4368 646.3823 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Early Signs of Impact of the MBI Model)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 626.6135 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(A)Tj
0.8558 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Service-Learning-Based Micr)45(o Business)]TJ
-0.8558 -1.20679 TD
0 Tw
(Incubator)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 595.7778 Tm
0 g
0.063 Tw
[(The MBI program\325)55(s accomplishments are based)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15678 TD
0.015 Tw
[(on the hands-on nature of the service-lear)-1(ning pro-)]TJ
T*
0.127 Tw
[(jects. In the simplest terms,)-377(unlik)10(e the tr)-1(aditional)]TJ
0 -1.15679 TD
0.101 Tw
[(b)20(usiness incubator whic)-1(h brings struggling young)]TJ
T*
0.047 Tw
[(entrepreneurial b)19(usinesses together under one roof)]TJ
0 -1.15678 TD
0.143 Tw
[(to of)25(fer accounting and mark)10(eting assistance,)-394(the)]TJ
T*
0.133 Tw
[(MBI recognizes and incorpor)-1(a)1(tes the special f)-1(ea-)]TJ
T*
0.062 Tw
[(tures of each participa)-1(ting b)20(usiness while simulta-)]TJ
0 -1.15679 TD
0.142 Tw
[(neously w)10(or)-1(king to determine the specif)20(ic needs,)]TJ
0 -1.15678 TD
0.131 Tw
[(interests,)-381(and capabilities of the b)19(usiness o)25(wners.)]TJ
0 -1.15679 TD
0.09 Tw
[(Thus,)-340(the MBI in)40(v)20(olv)15(es a v)24(ariety of b)20(usinesses in)]TJ
0 -1.15678 TD
0.154 Tw
[(one geographic location \(the )55(A)74(v)15(enue\) and uses a)]TJ
0 -1.15679 TD
0.042 Tw
(custom-designed needs assessment tool to identify)Tj
0 -1.15678 TD
0.192 Tw
(the ar)Tj
2.4403 0 TD
(eas of tr)Tj
3.604 0 TD
(aining and b)Tj
5.30761 0 TD
(usiness operation that)Tj
-11.35191 -1.15679 TD
0.188 Tw
(could be impr)Tj
5.92989 0 TD
[(o)15(v)15(ed by introducing student input.)]TJ
-5.92989 -1.15678 TD
-0.013 Tw
[(Operating on the concept of \322train the tr)-1(ainers,)70-237(the)]TJ
0 -1.15679 TD
0.109 Tw
(MBI br)Tj
3.08069 0 TD
(ings students into the comm)Tj
11.65794 0 TD
(unity to share)Tj
-14.73863 -1.15679 TD
0.155 Tw
[(the intellectual capital of the Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity with the)]TJ
0 -1.15678 TD
-0.015 Tw
[(b)20(usiness o)25(wner)-1(s on the )55(A)74(v)15(enue. )18(The project crea)-1(tes)]TJ
T*
-0.029 Tw
[(an ef)25(fecti)25(v)15(e and memor)-1(a)1(ble lear)-1(ning e)15(xperience for)]TJ
0 -1.15679 TD
0.282 Tw
[(both the students and b)20(usiness o)25(wner)-1(s,)-532(and,)-532(in)]TJ
0 -1.15678 TD
0.026 Tw
[(doing so,)-276(establishes a link betw)-1(een human capital)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(and economic gro)25(wth.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 324.8601 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Driving F)105(or)37(ce:)-243(The Univer)10(sity of Hartf)-1(or)37(d)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 306.0923 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.59584 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.049 Tw
(he Uni)Tj
2.62782 0 TD
[(v)15(ersi)-1(t)1(y)-1( )1(is)-1( located on a property that spans)]TJ
-4.12366 -1.15678 TD
0 Tw
(thr)Tj
1.0656 0 TD
0.249 Tw
[(ee dif)25(ferent comm)-1(unities\321tw)10(o sub)20(urban to)25(wns)]TJ
-1.0656 -1.15679 TD
0.198 Tw
(and one city neighborhood)Tj
10.91162 0 TD
(.)Tj
0.6505 0 Td
(The back door of the)Tj
-11.56212 -1.1568 TD
0.154 Tw
[(campus borders the economically-de)-1(pressed neigh-)]TJ
0 -1.15678 TD
0.34 Tw
[(borhood of Upper )55(Alban)15(y in the North End of)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(Har)Tj
1.45354 0 TD
(tf)Tj
0.58059 0 TD
(or)Tj
0.80277 0 TD
0 Tc
(d)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.64804 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.178 Tw
(Other urban comm)Tj
7.66913 0.00001 TD
(unities ha)Tj
3.86856 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.84199 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
[(benef)20(ited)]TJ
-16.81973 -1.15682 TD
(fr)Tj
0.63553 0.00001 TD
0.01 Tw
(om an academic institution in their midst,)Tj
16.31174 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(b)Tj
0.46522 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ut these)Tj
-17.41249 -1.15681 TD
0 Tw
(ef)Tj
0.72171 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(or)Tj
0.80277 0 TD
0.094 Tw
(ts ha)Tj
1.85944 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(e)Tj
0.75727 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(lar)Tj
0.99182 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.094 Tw
[(ely focused on )-1(\322bricks and mortar\323)]TJ
-6.40588 -1.15682 TD
0 Tw
(de)Tj
0.88895 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.136 Tw
(elopments in w)Tj
6.17237 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(hic)Tj
1.17668 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.85613 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.136 Tw
(the uni)Tj
2.75598 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74662 0.00001 TD
0.136 Tw
(sity acquired and)Tj
-13.53693 -1.15682 TD
0 Tw
(de)Tj
0.88895 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.038 Tw
(eloped housing and educa)Tj
10.11213 0.00001 TD
(tional edif)Tj
3.93516 0 TD
(ices adjacent)Tj
-15.40634 -1.1568 TD
0.117 Tw
(to the campus. )Tj
6.16094 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(he Uni)Tj
2.69531 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(ersity of Har)-1(tford is a pri-)]TJ
-9.9222 -1.15682 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4601 0.00001 TD
(a)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(te)Tj
0.69168 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.71077 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(tuition-dr)Tj
3.62686 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(i)Tj
0.23793 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.241 Tw
[(v)15(en institution that has neither the)]TJ
-6.15619 -1.15682 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(esour)Tj
2.09053 0 TD
0.207 Tw
(ces nor the desir)Tj
6.89035 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.87081 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(to anne)Tj
3.00263 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(x)Tj
0.92681 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(the sur)Tj
2.79551 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(rounding)Tj
-16.8944 -1.15681 TD
(comm)Tj
2.43951 0 TD
(unity)Tj
1.91573 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.48904 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Ra)Tj
1.08095 0.00001 TD
(ther)Tj
1.45465 0.00001 TD
0.019 Tw
[(,)-254(Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity administrators,)-254(f)10(acul-)]TJ
-7.37988 -1.1568 TD
0 Tw
(ty)Tj
0.68289 0 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.55054 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.081 Tw
(and staf)Tj
3.07284 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(f)Tj
0.63306 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(recogniz)-1(e that the)15(y are members of the)]TJ
-4.93933 -1.15681 TD
0 Tw
(lar)Tj
0.99162 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.028 Tw
(er comm)Tj
3.39325 0 TD
(unity and)Tj
3.58663 0 TD
[(,)-207(as such,)-207(see their participa)-1(tion)]TJ
-8.4565 -1.1568 TD
0.052 Tw
(in the g)Tj
2.98293 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31777 0.00001 TD
(o)Tj
0.4601 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(wth and de)Tj
4.31597 0.00001 TD
[(v)15(elopment of the local commu-)]TJ
-8.0768 -1.1568 TD
0.257 Tw
(nity as both an intellectuall)Tj
11.42451 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.97705 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(stim)Tj
1.66265 0.00001 TD
(ula)Tj
1.17669 0.00001 TD
0.257 Tw
(ting learning)Tj
-15.2409 -1.1568 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.414 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.203 Tw
[(xperience and a practical necessity for long-ter)-1(m)]TJ
-0.414 -1.1568 TD
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.4395 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(unity sur)Tj
3.41735 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(vi)Tj
0.72294 0.00001 TD
[(v)25(al. )]TJ
-5.6798 -1.1568 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.5958 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.221 Tw
(he MBI had been successfull)Tj
12.02796 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.94034 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
[(inte)15(grated in a)]TJ
-14.4641 -1.1568 TD
0.008 Tw
[(multiple of courses. First a small b)19(usiness consulting)]TJ
22.5 63.68423 TD
-0.006 Tc
0.366 Tw
[(course,)-610(the Pr)-1(inciples of Entrepreneurship,)-610(w)10(as)]TJ
0 -1.1542 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.104 Tw
[(designed to de)25(v)15(elop student understanding of small)]TJ
0 -1.15421 TD
0.175 Tw
[(b)20(usiness management. Students learn to conduct a)]TJ
0 -1.1542 TD
-0.03 Tw
[(b)20(usiness needs assessment including drafting a r)-1(e)1(por)-1(t)]TJ
T*
0.161 Tw
[(that must include actiona)-1(ble solutions. )18(The second)]TJ
T*
0.179 Tw
[(course,)-414(Business Practicum,)-414(is an electi)25(v)15(e seminar)]TJ
T*
0.091 Tw
[(designed to implement the recommendations de)25(v)14(el-)]TJ
T*
0.186 Tw
[(oped in the Principles of Entreprenaurship course)-1(.)]TJ
T*
0.143 Tw
[(Students attend weekly sessions to e)14(xpose them to)]TJ
T*
0.049 Tw
[(v)25(arious small b)19(usiness related topics of)25(fere)-1(d by pro-)]TJ
T*
0.251 Tw
[(fessionals \(banking,)-486(accounting,)-486(customer service,)]TJ
T*
-0.014 Tc
0.374 Tw
[(in)40(v)15(entor)-1(y management,)-610(loan application process,)]TJ
0 -1.15421 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.057 Tw
[(entrepreneurial spir)-1(it,)-292(le)15(g)5(al issues,)-292(corporate citizen-)]TJ
0 -1.1542 TD
0.008 Tw
[(ship,)-243(and f)20(inancial literac)14(y\). Students then w)10(ork one-)]TJ
T*
0.003 Tw
[(on-one with b)20(usinesses to appl)-1(y some of these topics)]TJ
0 -1.15421 TD
0.141 Tw
[(and implement the recommendations follo)24(wing the)]TJ
0 -1.1542 TD
0.025 Tw
[(train-the-tr)-1(ainer model.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 287 498.9384 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(MBI Pr)45(o)10(g)-1(r)15(am P)80(artner)10(s:)-243(The Upper )18(Albany)]TJ
0 -1.2042 TD
0 Tw
(Businesses)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 468.1544 Tm
0 g
-0.02 Tc
0.092 Tw
[(One important set of benef)9(actors of the MBI pro-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.1542 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.48 0 TD
(r)Tj
0.31277 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.048 Tw
(am ar)Tj
2.19605 0 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(e)Tj
0.70158 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
[(the o)25(wners of MBI par)-1(tner or)18(g)5(anizations\321)]TJ
-3.69041 -1.15421 TD
-0.022 Tw
(the ne)Tj
2.24825 0 TD
0 Tw
(wl)Tj
0.95976 0 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(y)Tj
0.68747 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
-0.022 Tw
[(empo)25(wer)-1(ed inner city b)20(usiness o)25(wners who)]TJ
-3.89548 -1.15421 TD
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.73662 0 TD
-0.0202 Tc
(e)Tj
0.62465 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
-0.029 Tw
[(learning to understand,)-201(pr)-1(edict,)-201(and deal with mar-)]TJ
-1.36127 -1.1542 TD
0 Tc
(k)Tj
0.47024 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.027 Tw
[(et forces r)-1(a)1(ther than r)-1(ely on reactionary go)15(v)15(er)-1(nment)]TJ
-0.47024 -1.1542 TD
0.034 Tw
[(interv)15(ention and subsidies. )17(T)1(his ser)-1(vice-learning pro-)]TJ
T*
-0.001 Tw
[(gram has the same consequences adv)20(ocated by P)-1(orter)]TJ
T*
-0.028 Tw
[((1995) in that it pro)15(vides opportunities f)-1(or the e)15(xisting)]TJ
T*
0.028 Tw
[(b)20(usinesses to better serv)14(e their curr)1(ent customer)-1(s and)]TJ
T*
0.212 Tw
[(to attract ne)24(w customers who pre)25(viously were not)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(dr)Tj
0.79277 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.40896 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
0.201 Tw
(wn to the neighborhood)Tj
9.68947 0 TD
-0.0201 Tc
(.)Tj
0.66101 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
(Because of Uni)Tj
6.26147 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.46511 0 TD
-0.02 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.73662 0 TD
(sity)Tj
-19.01541 -1.15422 TD
0.045 Tw
[(support,)-275(combined with a more positi)24(v)15(e en)40(vironment)]TJ
T*
0.095 Tw
[(for b)20(usiness,)-325(ne)24(w b)20(usinesses also are locating in the)]TJ
0 -1.1542 TD
0.027 Tw
[(neighborhood,)-257(bringing with them ne)25(w jobs and sub-)]TJ
T*
0.298 Tw
[(stantial rein)39(v)15(estments. Neighborhood residents are)]TJ
0 -1.15421 TD
0.015 Tw
(better ser)Tj
3.5068 0 TD
[(v)15(ed by stronger)39(,)-245(more producti)24(v)15(e b)20(usinesses)]TJ
-3.5068 -1.1542 TD
0 Tw
(tha)Tj
1.16169 0 TD
-0.0202 Tc
(t)Tj
0.59784 0 Td
-0.02 Tc
0.11 Tw
[(are more sensiti)24(v)15(e to their needs. Further)40(,)-341(these)]TJ
-1.75953 -1.1542 TD
0.091 Tw
[(mark)9(et-dri)25(v)15(en f)20(ir)-1(ms are able to produce better prod-)]TJ
0 -1.15421 TD
0.019 Tw
[(ucts and services suitable for e)14(xport to other mark)10(ets.)]TJ
0 -1.1542 TD
-0.036 Tw
[(The Upper )55(Alban)15(y neighborhood also serv)15(es )-1(as one of)]TJ
0 -1.15421 TD
0.18 Tw
[(the g)5(ate)25(w)9(ays)1( to the city fr)-1(om af)25(fluent sub)20(urbs. By)]TJ
0 -1.1542 TD
0.133 Tw
[(strengthening commerce in this ar)-1(ea,)-362(the entir)-1(e city)]TJ
T*
0.138 Tw
[(benef)20(its fr)-1(om increased traf)25(f)20(ic and the patr)-1(onage of)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(sub)20(urban dweller)-1(s.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 287 186.2885 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Impacting the Inner City:)-260(Re)14(vitalizing an Inner City)]TJ
0 -1.20419 TD
0 Tw
(Neighborhood)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 155.5046 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.022 Tw
[(The MBI model,)-257(which shares similar character)-1(is-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.1542 TD
-0.023 Tw
(tics with man)Tj
5.1311 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.69643 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(esta)Tj
1.49467 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(b)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.023 Tw
(lished ser)Tj
3.6306 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(vice-lear)Tj
3.36159 0.00001 TD
-0.023 Tw
(ning programs)Tj
-14.79939 -1.15423 TD
0 Tw
(fr)Tj
0.63553 0.00001 TD
0.176 Tw
(om acr)Tj
2.83426 0.00001 TD
(oss the countr)Tj
5.69591 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.89571 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(\(e)Tj
0.74687 0 TD
(.g)Tj
0.72 0 TD
0.176 Tw
[(.,)-411(Jacoby et al.,)-411(1996;)]TJ
-11.52829 -1.15424 TD
-0.004 Tc
0.364 Tw
[(Zlotk)10(o)25(wski,)-610(1998\),)-611(r)1(ef)-1(lects the need for social)]TJ
0 -1.1542 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(hang)Tj
1.88385 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
0.40137 0.00001 TD
-0.014 Tw
(Although not simple to implement,)Tj
13.69789 0.00001 TD
(most ser)Tj
3.22641 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06722 -1.15424 TD
0.005 Tc
0.399 Tw
(vice-learning programs highlight the need for)Tj
0 -1.1542 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.017 Tw
(increased social understanding and the importance of)Tj
T*
0.267 Tw
(assisting member)Tj
6.99751 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.8761 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(of the comm)Tj
5.42365 0.00001 TD
(unity w)Tj
3.18988 0.00001 TD
(ho ar)Tj
2.2189 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.93108 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(in)Tj
-19.63712 -1.15422 TD
(need)Tj
1.8277 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.45449 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Ser)Tj
1.28776 0.00001 TD
(vice-lear)Tj
3.36159 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tw
(ning pr)Tj
2.74033 0.00001 TD
[(ograms also tend to de)25(v)15(elop)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:10 PM Page 73)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
74 0 obj
<<
/Length 14482
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(74)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Desplaces et al.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.044 Tw
(in students and other institutional members a deeper)Tj
0 -1.17789 TD
0.001 Tc
0.359 Tw
[(appre)1(c)1(i)1(a)1(tion of the concept of community via)]TJ
-0.0151 Tc
(e)'
0.42893 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(ng)5(aged citizenship \(Battistoni,)-260(1998\). )]TJ
0.47107 -1.17789 TD
0.199 Tw
(The MBI program addresses these problems by)Tj
-0.9 -1.17789 TD
0.074 Tw
[(de)25(v)15(eloping the human capital potential of inner city)]TJ
T*
0.133 Tw
[(entrepreneurs. Sim)-1(ultaneously)65(,)-367(it crea)-1(tes a sense of)]TJ
T*
0.079 Tw
[(positi)25(v)15(e ener)17(gy and directs attention to the opportu-)]TJ
0 -1.1779 TD
0.013 Tw
[(nities and challenges associated with urban entrepr)-1(e)1(-)]TJ
0 -1.17789 TD
0.33 Tw
[(neurship. Finally)65(,)-566(it mak)10(es participating b)19(usiness)]TJ
T*
-0.002 Tw
[(o)25(wners a)15(w)9(are of the role the)15(y can pla)-1(y)1( i)-1(n)1( ta)-1(king con-)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tw
[(trol of their destin)14(y)65(,)-220(o)15(v)15(ercoming c)-1(hallenges,)-220(and con-)]TJ
0 -1.1779 TD
0.06 Tw
[(trib)19(uting to their neighborhood\325)55(s economic de)25(v)15(elop-)]TJ
0 -1.17789 TD
0.347 Tw
[(ment. F)15(or e)15(xample)-1(,)-582(impro)15(v)15(ed signage,)-583(upgr)1(aded)]TJ
T*
-0.031 Tw
[(store fronts,)-204(and better product merchandising are b)20(ut)]TJ
-0.0152 Tc
(a)'
0.66345 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
[(fe)25(w of the visible outcomes that ha)19(v)15(e resulted from)]TJ
-0.66345 -1.1779 TD
0.11 Tw
[(participation in this program. Further)39(,)-345(the ability of)]TJ
0 -1.17789 TD
0.326 Tw
[(b)20(usiness o)25(wner)-1(s to secure loans can be directly)]TJ
T*
0.286 Tw
[(link)10(ed to student support in de)24(v)15(eloping adequate)]TJ
0 Tc
(f)'
0.29799 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.001 Tw
(inancial r)Tj
3.59864 0 TD
[(ecords. )18(Thus,)-236(the MBI has been ref)-1(erred to)]TJ
-3.89663 -1.1779 TD
0.041 Tw
[(as a role model for re)15(gional economic re)25(vitaliza)-1(tion,)]TJ
0 -1.17789 TD
0.005 Tc
0.448 Tw
(yielding public recognition and calls for the)Tj
T*
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Uni)Tj
1.42985 0 TD
0.302 Tw
[(v)15(er)-1(sity to re)1(plica)-1(te its success in other cities)]TJ
-1.42985 -1.1779 TD
0.025 Tw
[(across the state \(e)-1(.g.,)-260(Ne)25(w London,)-260(Ne)25(w Ha)19(v)15(en\).)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 424.2379 Tm
0 g
-0.035 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(The MBI F)105(ocus:)-240(Establishing a )34(V)75(ia)-1(ble Commer)37(cial)]TJ
0 -1.22789 TD
[(District and Serving the Local Community and Be)29(yond)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 392.9801 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.09 Tw
(Although current research points out some of the)Tj
-0.9 -1.17789 TD
0.289 Tw
[(inherent challenges of minor)-1(ity-o)25(wned b)20(usinesses)]TJ
T*
0.3 Tw
[(\(Coleman,)-535(2002; Robb,)-534(2002\),)-535(the MBI model\325)55(s)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
[(o)15(v)15(er)-1(arching goal is to empo)25(wer b)20(usinesses to service)]TJ
T*
0.102 Tw
[(their local community and be)15(yond,)-337(and to establish)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(the )Tj
1.36204 0 TD
0 Tc
(A)Tj
0.63295 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.005 Tw
(enue area and surrounding neighborhoods as a)Tj
-2.4651 -1.1779 TD
0 Tw
(via)Tj
1.17668 0 TD
0 Tc
(b)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.022 Tw
(le commer)Tj
4.13467 0 TD
(cial distr)Tj
3.34257 0 TD
(ict. Businesses,)Tj
6.17642 0 TD
(with the help)Tj
-15.31534 -1.1779 TD
0.058 Tw
(of the pr)Tj
3.3691 0 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.485 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
(r)Tj
0.31777 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(am,)Tj
1.72013 0 TD
(ar)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.72225 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(pur)Tj
1.28781 0 TD
0.058 Tw
(suing oppor)Tj
4.64296 0 TD
(tunities to e)Tj
4.57278 0 TD
0 Tw
(xpor)Tj
1.77277 0 TD
0 Tc
(t)Tj
-20.12218 -1.17792 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.022 Tw
[(specialized products and services both re)15(gionall)-1(y and)]TJ
0 -1.17789 TD
0.004 Tw
[(nationally)65(,)-239(one of the goals cited in the Porter model.)]TJ
T*
0.143 Tw
[(As an e)15(xample,)-378(a par)-1(ticipating f)20(irm is one of onl)-1(y)]TJ
T*
0.152 Tw
[(four appliance repair f)10(acilities in the United States)]TJ
T*
0.128 Tw
(and is thus able to tap into both local and national)Tj
T*
0.007 Tw
[(mark)9(ets. )55(Another b)20(usiness pro)15(vides hair replacement)]TJ
-0.0151 Tc
(to)'
1.09288 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.11 Tw
[(cancer patients and serv)15(es clients thr)-1(oughout the)]TJ
-1.09288 -1.17789 TD
0.173 Tw
[(re)15(gion. )18(This b)20(usiness is currently eng)5(aged in talks)]TJ
T*
0.089 Tw
(with a r)Tj
3.1122 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.41395 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(gional cancer center to pro)15(vide specialized)]TJ
-3.52615 -1.1779 TD
0 Tw
(ser)Tj
1.12053 0.00001 TD
0.14 Tw
(vices to pa)Tj
4.39211 0.00001 TD
(tients under)Tj
4.63555 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(oing treatment inc)-1(luding)]TJ
-10.63319 -1.17791 TD
0.023 Tw
(the de)Tj
2.32348 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(elopment of onsite ser)Tj
8.59647 0 TD
0 Tw
(vices. )Tj
2.38245 0 TD
0 Tc
(Y)Tj
0.60707 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.023 Tw
[(et another b)20(usi-)]TJ
-14.37958 -1.17792 TD
-0.033 Tw
(ness in)Tj
2.57207 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.46523 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(olv)Tj
1.21794 0 TD
-0.033 Tw
(es de)Tj
1.89407 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(eloping an e-commer)Tj
8.14582 0.00001 TD
(ce str)Tj
2.01456 0.00001 TD
[(ate)15(gy tar-)]TJ
-16.77979 -1.17793 TD
0.021 Tw
[(geting )55(African )54(Americans on a national scale includ-)]TJ
0 -1.17789 TD
0.005 Tc
0.403 Tw
[(ing adv)15(er)-1(tising on BET \(Black Entertainment)]TJ
0 -1.1779 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.173 Tw
[(Netw)10(or)-1(k\). )55(As a f)20(inal e)15(xample,)-409(students assisted in)]TJ
0 -1.17789 TD
-0.013 Tw
[(de)25(v)15(eloping a packa)-1(ging system for a well established)]TJ
T*
0.088 Tw
[(neighborhood bak)10(er)-1(y planning to sell rum cak)10(es on)]TJ
T*
0.055 Tw
[(the Internet. Businesses in the area ha)19(v)15(e no)25(w rallied)]TJ
T*
0.141 Tw
[(to de)25(v)15(elop a program entitled \322Upper )55(Alban)14(y:)-359(T)1(he)]TJ
T*
0.089 Tw
[(Neighborhood of Choice\323)-324(as a model f)-1(or economic)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(de)Tj
0.889 0 TD
[(v)15(elopment.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 287 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Addr)37(essing Inner City Disadvanta)9(g)10(es:)-260(Building)]TJ
0 -1.21336 TD
[(Capacity in Business Owner)10(s)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 669.0432 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.038 Tw
[(Although the source of some of the disadv)25(antages)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16336 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.308 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.022 Tw
[(aced by inner cities \(e.g.,)-214(crime,)-214(unemplo)10(yment\) can)]TJ
-0.308 -1.16337 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(b)Tj
0.48494 0.00001 TD
(e)Tj
0.62764 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.036 Tw
[(pinpointed,)-199(addressing them has been challenging)-1(.)]TJ
-1.11258 -1.16337 TD
-0.007 Tw
[(Porter\325)55(s a)-1(pproach is considered unrealistic and out of)]TJ
0 -1.16336 TD
0.069 Tw
[(touch with the reality of doing b)20(usiness in th)-1(e inner)]TJ
T*
-0.013 Tw
[(city)65(,)-222(especiall)-1(y for urban minority-o)25(wned b)20(usinesses.)]TJ
T*
0.175 Tw
[(Although b)20(usinesses will reloca)-1(te into a neighbor-)]TJ
0 -1.16337 TD
0.212 Tw
[(hood that benef)20(its fr)-1(om good transportation infra-)]TJ
0 -1.16336 TD
0.172 Tw
[(structure,)-407(controlled crime,)-407(and access to a skilled)]TJ
0 -1.16337 TD
0.134 Tw
[(w)10(orkf)-1(orce \(Porter)39(,)-369(1995\),)-369(the neighborhood and its)]TJ
T*
0.129 Tw
[(b)20(usinesses must f)19(irst de)25(v)15(elop their o)24(wn capacity to)]TJ
0 -1.16336 TD
0.292 Tw
[(attract ne)25(w in)39(v)15(estments and resources to prepare)]TJ
0 -1.16337 TD
0.169 Tw
[(them for the mark)9(et forces to which Porter r)-1(efers.)]TJ
T*
-0.005 Tw
[(Businesses that emer)18(ge in the inner cities ar)-1(e typical-)]TJ
0 -1.16336 TD
0.164 Tw
[(ly proud to be contrib)20(uting as economic a)-1(gents of)]TJ
0 Tc
(c)'
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.098 Tw
[(hange b)20(ut may not be a)14(w)10(are of their potential and)]TJ
-0.42885 -1.16337 TD
0.165 Tw
[(miss out on opportunities. By pro)15(viding inner city)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(entr)Tj
1.49445 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.42884 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.031 Tw
[(preneurs with b)19(usiness-specif)20(ic sets of skills and)]TJ
-1.92329 -1.16337 TD
-0.006 Tw
[(tools,)-229(as well as an open channel for communication,)]TJ
0 -1.16336 TD
0.241 Tw
[(there is a greater lik)9(elihood for b)20(usiness success,)]TJ
0 Tc
(g)'
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.027 Tw
[(ro)25(wth,)-208(and emplo)9(yment. Ideally)65(,)-208(these outcomes ar)-1(e)]TJ
-0.485 -1.16337 TD
0.017 Tw
[(accompanied by positi)25(v)15(e social c)-1(hange)1(. Go)14(v)15(ernment)]TJ
0 -1.16336 TD
0.205 Tw
[(subsidies and interv)15(ention ha)19(v)15(e only obscured the)]TJ
0 Tc
(r)'
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.064 Tw
(eal issues,)Tj
4.25212 0 TD
[(crea)-1(ting barriers and red tape while pro-)]TJ
-4.56988 -1.16337 TD
0.036 Tw
(ducing less than r)Tj
6.86443 0 TD
0 Tw
(emar)Tj
1.9383 0 TD
(ka)Tj
0.91385 0 TD
0 Tc
(b)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.036 Tw
(le r)Tj
1.2807 0 TD
[(esults \(Porter; Sc)-1(harpf,)]TJ
-11.48228 -1.16338 TD
0.027 Tw
[(2002\). )18(Thus it is imperati)25(v)14(e that urban entrepreneurs)]TJ
0 -1.16337 TD
0.052 Tw
[(be empo)25(wered to solv)14(e their o)25(wn problems with the)]TJ
0 -1.16336 TD
0 Tw
(suppor)Tj
2.63168 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.52286 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(of both pr)Tj
3.84336 0 TD
0 Tc
(i)Tj
0.23793 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.46009 0 TD
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(te and pub)Tj
4.06554 0 TD
(lic institutions.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 287 338.444 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Go)10(vernment In)39(volvement:)-260(Seed Funding and)]TJ
0 -1.21336 TD
0 Tc
(P)Tj
0.51601 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(er)10(sonnel Suppor)-1(t)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 307.4768 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.178 Tw
[(The social model has e)25(v)20(olv)15(ed to cor)-1(r)1(ect f)-1(or the)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16336 TD
-0.01 Tw
[(percei)24(v)15(ed def)20(iciencies of a mark)10(et-based system,)-226(and)]TJ
0 -1.16337 TD
0 Tw
(pub)Tj
1.455 0 TD
0.273 Tw
(lic institutions remain the guardians of social)Tj
-1.455 -1.16336 TD
0.081 Tw
[(equity)65(,)-316(oftentimes imposing requirements or restr)-1(ic-)]TJ
T*
0.005 Tc
0.509 Tw
[(tions on b)20(usinesses to achie)24(v)15(e social goals.)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.171 Tw
[(Increasingly)65(,)-406(ho)24(w)1(e)25(v)15(e)-1(r)40(,)-406(go)15(v)15(er)-1(nments and the public)]TJ
T*
0.164 Tw
[(sector are reco)-1(gnizing the need to remo)15(v)15(e barriers)]TJ
0 -1.16337 TD
0.128 Tw
[(af)25(fecting b)19(usinesses,)-363(as can be seen in the creation)]TJ
0 -1.16336 TD
-0.014 Tc
0.374 Tw
[(and e)25(v)19(olution of the European Union \(Scharpf)-1(,)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(2002\). )Tj
2.90786 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.88906 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.21 Tw
(ithin the conte)Tj
5.90058 0.00001 TD
[(xt of the inner city)65(,)-445(man)15(y)]TJ
-9.6975 -1.16337 TD
0.041 Tw
[(urban neighborhoods ha)20(v)15(e inher)-1(ited social problems)]TJ
T*
0.047 Tw
[(such as crime,)-283(unemplo)10(yment,)-283(and educational def)20(i-)]TJ
0 -1.16336 TD
0.142 Tw
(ciencies w)Tj
4.18356 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(hic)Tj
1.17668 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(h)Tj
0.86154 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.142 Tw
(cannot be ad)Tj
5.15667 0 TD
(dressed without strong)Tj
-11.37845 -1.16338 TD
0.025 Tw
[(go)15(v)15(er)-1(nment interv)15(ention. )]TJ
0.9 -1.16336 TD
0.093 Tw
[(In addition to infrastructur)-1(e support and de)25(v)15(elop-)]TJ
-0.9 -1.16336 TD
0.114 Tw
[(ment,)-349(city and state go)15(v)14(ernments can pro)15(vide posi-)]TJ
0 -1.16337 TD
0.004 Tc
0 Tw
(ti)Tj
0.53967 -0.00001 TD
0.356 Tw
[(v)14(e visibility)65(,)-610(seed funding,)-611(and assistance in)]TJ
-0.53967 -1.16335 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ppr)Tj
1.28776 0.00001 TD
(oac)Tj
1.3427 0.00001 TD
-0.019 Tw
(hing nong)Tj
3.87425 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
-0.019 Tw
(nment funding sources such as)Tj
-8.62039 -1.1634 TD
0 Tw
(comm)Tj
2.43951 0.00001 TD
0.346 Tw
(unity f)Tj
2.8799 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ounda)Tj
2.36885 0.00001 TD
0.346 Tw
[(tions and corporations \(Porter)39(,)]TJ
-7.68826 -1.16338 TD
0.084 Tw
[(1995\). Seed mone)15(y and personnel support pro)14(vided)]TJ
0 -1.16336 TD
0.047 Tw
[(by the city at the start of the Upper )55(Alban)14(y progr)1(am)]TJ
0 -1.16337 TD
0 Tw
(le)Tj
0.67679 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(itimiz)Tj
2.24301 0.00001 TD
0.178 Tw
(ed the initia)Tj
4.88268 0.00001 TD
[(ti)25(v)14(e and created a momentum)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:10 PM Page 74)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
75 0 obj
<<
/Length 12509
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(75)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 411.0709 716.2092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Human Capital Model)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.121 Tw
[(carried on by community foundations and corpor)-1(a)1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15271 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.26292 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.26 Tw
[(ions such as the Hartf)-1(ord F)15(oundation for Public)]TJ
-0.26292 -1.1527 TD
0.005 Tc
0.366 Tw
[(Gi)25(ving ($75,000 grant) and Bank of )55(America)]TJ
0 -1.15271 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.223 Tw
[(\($200,000 tw)10(o-year g)-1(r)1(ant\). )17(T)1(hese funding sour)-1(ces)]TJ
T*
0.024 Tw
[(ha)20(v)15(e allo)24(wed the MBI to mo)15(v)15(e be)15(yond the tradition-)]TJ
0 -1.1527 TD
0.053 Tw
[(al fragmented approach to job cr)-1(eation and b)20(usiness)]TJ
0 -1.15271 TD
0.02 Tw
[(de)25(v)15(elopment,)-256(to that of a comprehensi)25(v)15(e comm)-1(unity)]TJ
0 -1.15271 TD
-0.008 Tw
[(service pro)15(vider f)-1(ocused on pro)15(viding training,)-227(tools,)]TJ
0 -1.1527 TD
0.025 Tw
[(and resources a)19(v)25(ailable to a community in need.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 75.1843 588.91 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Service-Learning as an Economic Eng)-1(ine)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 71 570.1829 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.101 Tw
[(In an)15(y program such as the Upper )55(Alban)14(y Micro)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15271 TD
0.028 Tw
[(Business Incubator)40(,)-263(pr)-1(ogr)1(ess should be monitor)-1(ed to)]TJ
T*
0.117 Tw
[(determine if such an interv)14(ention has an impact on)]TJ
0 -1.15271 TD
0.112 Tw
[(small and emer)18(ging minority-o)24(wned b)20(usinesses. )55(As)]TJ
0 -1.1527 TD
0.061 Tw
[(noted in the introduction,)-296(prior resear)-1(c)1(h has indica)-1(t)1(-)]TJ
0 -1.15271 TD
-0.005 Tw
[(ed that minority-o)25(wned b)19(usinesses tend to be smaller)]TJ
0 -1.15271 TD
0.235 Tw
[(and ha)20(v)15(e a higher f)9(ailure rate than non-minority-)]TJ
0 -1.15271 TD
0.135 Tw
[(o)25(wned f)20(ir)-1(ms. )18(The)15(y are also more lik)9(ely to be con-)]TJ
0 -1.1527 TD
0.194 Tw
[(centrated in highly competiti)25(v)15(e and less pr)-1(of)20(itable)]TJ
0 -1.15271 TD
0 Tw
(ser)Tj
1.12053 0 TD
0.062 Tw
(vice lines of b)Tj
5.57778 0 TD
(usiness. Using U.S. Census data to)Tj
-6.69831 -1.15272 TD
0.209 Tw
[(trac)-1(k a sample of small f)20(irms fr)-1(om 1992 through)]TJ
0 -1.1527 TD
0.198 Tw
[(1996,)-433(Robb (2002) found that Black-o)25(wned small)]TJ
0 -1.15271 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.29799 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ir)Tj
0.5806 0 TD
0.286 Tw
[(ms had a survi)25(v)25(al r)-1(ate of 34.8% compared to)]TJ
-0.87859 -1.15272 TD
0.27 Tw
[(48.7% for )30(White-o)24(wned f)20(irms and 48.1% for all)]TJ
0 -1.1527 TD
0.136 Tw
[(small f)20(ir)-1(ms. She also found that 46.65% of Black-)]TJ
0 -1.15271 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.4601 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.089 Tw
(wned f)Tj
2.72729 0 TD
[(irms w)-1(ere in service lines of b)20(usiness com-)]TJ
-3.18739 -1.15271 TD
0 Tw
(par)Tj
1.23161 0 TD
0.218 Tw
(ed to 35.15% of )Tj
7.23961 0 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.92885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(hite-o)Tj
2.21738 0 TD
0.218 Tw
(wned f)Tj
2.85681 0 TD
0 Tw
(ir)Tj
0.58059 0 TD
0.218 Tw
(ms. Coleman)Tj
-15.05485 -1.15272 TD
0.165 Tw
[((2003) used data from the Feder)-1(al Reserv)15<65D5>55(s 1998)]TJ
0 -1.15271 TD
0 Tw
(Sur)Tj
1.34367 0 TD
0.374 Tw
[(v)15(e)15(y of Small Business Finances to compare)]TJ
-1.34367 -1.15271 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.92885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.067 Tw
(hite-and minor)Tj
5.77186 0 TD
0 Tw
(ity-o)Tj
1.78853 0 TD
0.067 Tw
(wned f)Tj
2.70607 0 TD
0 Tw
(ir)Tj
0.5806 0 TD
0.067 Tw
[(ms. Similar to Robb\325)55(s)]TJ
10.72409 34.88415 TD
0.326 Tw
[(f)20(indings,)-561(Coleman\325)54(s results re)25(v)15(ealed that )55(Afr)-1(ican)]TJ
0 -1.1628 TD
0.305 Tw
[(American-o)25(wned f)19(irms wer)-1(e signif)20(icantly smaller)]TJ
T*
0.003 Tw
[(than )30(White-o)25(wned f)19(irms in terms of total assets,)-239(total)]TJ
T*
0.049 Tw
[(sales,)-285(and total number of emplo)10(yees. Coleman also)]TJ
0 -1.16281 TD
0.238 Tw
[(found that Black-o)25(wned f)19(irms were mor)-1(e hea)20(vily)]TJ
0 -1.1628 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(c)Tj
0.42888 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.012 Tw
[(oncentrated in services lines of b)20(usiness \(Note:)-224(both)]TJ
-0.42888 -1.16282 TD
0.059 Tw
[(the Robb and Coleman articles use da)-1(ta that is clas-)]TJ
0 -1.1628 TD
0.055 Tw
[(sif)20(ied b)-1(y SIC code; it does not break do)25(wn the indi-)]TJ
0 -1.16281 TD
0.058 Tw
[(vidual cate)14(gories,)-293(i.e.,)-294(services into specif)20(ic types of)]TJ
0 -1.1628 TD
0.025 Tw
[(service b)19(usinesses\).)]TJ
0.9 -1.16282 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(A)Tj
1.00962 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.068 Tw
[(study of minority-o)25(wned small b)19(usinesses con-)]TJ
-1.90962 -1.1628 TD
0.175 Tw
[(ducted by the U.S. Small Business )55(Administr)-1(a)1(tion)]TJ
0 -1.16281 TD
0.053 Tw
[(using 1997 data further attests to the size discr)-1(e)1(pan)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.1628 TD
-0.002 Tw
[(cies between )30(White- and minority-o)24(wned f)20(irms. )17(That)]TJ
T*
0.075 Tw
[(study found that 89% of Black-o)24(wned f)20(irms had no)]TJ
0 -1.16281 TD
0.133 Tw
[(paid emplo)10(yees compared to 74% of )29(White-o)25(wned)]TJ
0 -1.16282 TD
0.058 Tw
[(f)20(irms \(Minor)-1(ities in Business,)-292(2001\). Of those f)19(irms)]TJ
0 -1.16279 TD
0.174 Tw
[(that did ha)20(v)14(e emplo)10(yees,)-409(Black-o)25(wned f)19(irms a)20(v)15(er)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.16282 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.22 Tw
[(ged eight emplo)10(yees compared to 21 f)-1(or )30(White-)]TJ
-0.42885 -1.16281 TD
0.143 Tw
[(o)25(wned f)20(ir)-1(ms. In terms of re)25(v)15(enues,)-378(49% of Black-)]TJ
0 -1.1628 TD
0.089 Tw
[(o)25(wned f)20(ir)-1(ms had re)25(v)15(enues of $10,000 or less,)-324(com-)]TJ
0 -1.16281 TD
0.025 Tw
[(pared to 35 percent of )29(W)1(hite-o)24(wned f)20(irms.)]TJ
0.9 -1.16281 TD
0 Tw
(Compar)Tj
3.13144 0 TD
0.337 Tw
(ing these r)Tj
4.67431 0 TD
(esults to the ear)Tj
7.00372 0 TD
0 Tc
(l)Tj
0.26283 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
1.057 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(signs of)Tj
-17.0293 -1.16282 TD
0.354 Tw
(impact fr)Tj
3.85595 0 TD
(om MBI par)Tj
5.50158 0 TD
0 Tw
(ticipants,)Tj
4.07718 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(a)Tj
1.01797 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.354 Tw
(similar pattern)Tj
-14.45268 -1.16282 TD
0.124 Tw
[(emer)18(ges. )17(T)80(o date,)-360(29 f)20(irms ha)19(v)15(e participated in the)]TJ
0 -1.16281 TD
0 Tw
(Upper )Tj
2.73032 0 TD
0.127 Tw
[(Alban)15(y Program for less than six months to)]TJ
-2.73032 -1.1628 TD
0 Tw
[(three year)-1(s. )18(The v)25(ast majority of Upper )55(Alban)15(y f)19(irms)]TJ
0 -1.16281 TD
0.192 Tw
[(could be classif)20(ied as micr)-1(o-b)20(usinesses \(i.e.,)-427(f)20(irms)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(ha)Tj
0.89407 0 TD
0.074 Tw
(ving f)Tj
2.32513 0 TD
0 Tc
(i)Tj
0.23793 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.73805 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(or f)Tj
1.42993 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.40395 0 TD
(w)Tj
0.70692 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(er emplo)Tj
3.47067 0 TD
[(yees\). )18(The a)20(v)14(erage num-)]TJ
-10.67676 -1.16283 TD
-0.023 Tw
(ber of emplo)Tj
4.87357 0 TD
0 Tc
(y)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ees in Upper )Tj
4.98472 0 TD
0 Tw
(Alban)Tj
2.35372 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.69698 0 Td
(f)Tj
0.29823 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.023 Tw
[(irms w)9(as 3.0,)-212(and)]TJ
-13.69222 -1.16283 TD
0.316 Tw
[(only tw)10(o participa)-1(ting f)20(irms had more than f)19(i)25(v)15(e)]TJ
-22.6 -3.08613 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(T)80(able 4)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 308.807 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Economic De)15(velopment Outcomes (2002-2006))]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 287.807 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Funding to Upper )56(Alban)1(y Main Str)19(eet in support of MBI Pr)19(ogra)-2(m)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 70 277.307 Tm
0 g
Tj
0.62491 0 Td
0.025 Tw
(2003 $75,000 - CDBG \(Comm)Tj
12.51596 0 TD
[(unity De)25(v)15(elopment Block Grant\))]TJ
-13.14088 -1.16667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.62488 0 Td
0 Tc
(2003 - $20,000 - Fleet Community Bank)Tj
-0.62488 -1.16667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.6249 0 Td
0 Tc
(2003 - $75,000 - Har)Tj
8.51403 0.00001 TD
[(tfor)-1(d F)15(oundation for Public Gi)25(ving ($25,000))]TJ
-9.13892 -1.16668 TD
Tj
0.62493 0 Td
(2004 - $140,000 - CDBG)Tj
-0.62493 -1.16667 TD
Tj
0.62493 0 Td
[(2004 - $100,000 - Bank of )55(America Neighborhood Builders )54(A)92(w)10(ard \(U)39(AMS\))]TJ
-0.62493 -1.16667 TD
Tj
0.62492 0 Td
(2004 - $25,000 - St. P)Tj
8.91523 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(aul )Tj
1.47886 0 TD
(T)Tj
0.57593 0.00001 TD
(r)Tj
0.33277 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(a)20(v)15(eler\325)55(s F)14(oundation)]TJ
-11.9277 -1.16669 TD
Tj
0.62493 0 Td
[(2005 - $100,000 - Bank of )55(America Neighborhood Builders )54(A)92(w)10(ard \(U)39(AMS\))]TJ
-0.62493 -1.16667 TD
Tj
0.62493 0 Td
(2005 - $135,000 - CDBG)Tj
-0.62493 -1.16667 TD
Tj
0.62492 0 Td
(2006 - $50,000 - St. P)Tj
8.91523 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(aul )Tj
1.47886 0 TD
(T)Tj
0.57593 0.00001 TD
(r)Tj
0.33277 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(a)20(v)15(eler\325)55(s F)14(oundation)]TJ
-11.9277 -1.16669 TD
Tj
0.62493 0 Td
(2006 - $135,000 - CDBG)Tj
-0.62493 -1.16667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.60703 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.531 0.00001 TD
(otal MBI Funding since 2002 - $855,000)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 151.3071 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(P)20(erf)26(o)-1(r)1(mance Metr)1(ics \(identif)26(ied b)1(y the Small Business )55(Administr)1(ation\) )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 70 140.8071 Tm
0 g
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.62488 0 Td
(51)Tj
1.27481 0 Td
(Ne)Tj
1.14104 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
(w/opened b)Tj
4.64268 0 TD
(usinesses in Upper )Tj
7.76763 0 TD
0 Tw
(Alban)Tj
2.42871 0.00001 TD
(y)Tj
0.77492 0 Td
(neighborhood)Tj
-18.65466 -1.16669 TD
Tj
0.62493 0 Td
0.025 Tw
($10,100,000 of pr)Tj
7.21545 0.00001 TD
(i)Tj
0.25293 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.4751 0.00001 TD
[(ate in)40(v)15(estment)]TJ
-8.5684 -1.1667 TD
Tj
0.625 0 Td
($)Tj
0.775 0 Td
[(9,000,000 public in)40(v)15(estment)]TJ
-1.4 -1.1667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.6249 0 Td
0 Tc
($415,000 of micr)Tj
6.96502 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(o)Tj
0.77488 0 Td
0 Tc
(loans (under $35,000) c)Tj
9.57172 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(losed)Tj
-17.9365 -1.1667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.6249 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
(37 Long-T)Tj
4.2596 0 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.77661 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(m)Tj
1.05283 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Clients \(5+ hour)Tj
6.61276 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(s)Tj
0.66383 0 Td
0 Tc
(of counseling\))Tj
-13.9905 -1.1667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.6249 0 Td
0 Tc
[(100+ jobs created/r)-1(etained )]TJ
-0.6249 -1.1667 TD
-0.0001 Tc
Tj
0.6248 0 Td
0 Tc
(21 computer)Tj
5.05115 0.00001 TD
(s)Tj
0.66391 0 Td
0 Tw
(dona)Tj
1.94386 0.00001 TD
(ted)Tj
-8.2837 -1.1667 TD
Tj
0.625 0 Td
(9325 )Tj
2.2251 0 TD
(V)Tj
0.593 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(olunteer hour)Tj
5.38389 0.00001 TD
(s)Tj
ET
0.5 w
0 G
60 302.173 m
492 302.173 l
S
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:10 PM Page 75)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
76 0 obj
<<
/Length 14979
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(76)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Desplaces et al.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 700.0103 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.42888 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(mplo)10(yees. )]TJ
0.47112 -1.15789 TD
0.174 Tw
[(As in prior research,)-409(most of the Upper )55(Alban)14(y)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15789 TD
0.074 Tw
[(f)20(irms w)-1(ere in service (48%) or retail (41%) lines of)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.252 Tw
[(b)20(usiness. )55(Although the a)19(v)15(erage age of the Upper)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.094 Tw
[(Alban)15(y f)19(irms w)10(as 13.6 year)-1(s,)-329(there w)9(as a consider-)]TJ
T*
0.074 Tw
[(able amount of v)25(aria)-1(tion in f)20(irm a)-1(ge. )30(While 28% of)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.003 Tc
0.357 Tw
[(the participating f)19(irms were tw)9(o years old or)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.086 Tw
[(younger)39(,)-320(48% wer)-1(e at least ten years old. )17(T)1(hus,)-321(the)]TJ
T*
0.042 Tw
[(Upper )55(Alban)15(y sample includes a r)-1(elati)25(v)15(el)-1(y high per-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
-0.018 Tw
[(centage of f)19(irms that are long-term survi)24(v)20(ors. )18(This,)-217(in)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.127 Tw
[(turn,)-362(ma)-1(y ha)20(v)15(e had an impact on the prof)20(it perf)-1(or-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.051 Tw
[(mance of f)20(ir)-1(ms included in the sample,)-286(with 72 per-)]TJ
T*
0.18 Tw
[(cent of f)20(ir)-1(m respondents indicating that the)15(y wer)-1(e)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
[(prof)19(itable. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15789 TD
0.214 Tw
[(When ask)10(ed if their e)15(xper)-1(ience with the Upper)]TJ
-0.9 -1.15791 TD
-0.016 Tw
[(Alban)15(y program had increased their prospects of sur-)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.146 Tw
[(vi)25(v)25(al,)-381(27% of the participating f)19(irms indicated that)]TJ
0 -1.15788 TD
0.227 Tw
[(the program had been v)15(ery helpful w)-1(hile another)]TJ
0 -1.15791 TD
0.194 Tw
[(38% indicated that it had been some)25(what helpful.)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.196 Tw
[(One b)20(usiness o)25(wner r)-1(e)1(por)-1(ted that his in)40(v)20(olv)15(ement)]TJ
T*
0.082 Tw
(\322opened up a ne)Tj
6.46388 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(w)Tj
1.02336 0 Td
(w)Tj
0.69724 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(or)Tj
0.80276 0 TD
(ld\323)Tj
1.4932 0 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.082 Tw
(or him,)Tj
3.18146 0 TD
(especially in the)Tj
-13.97966 -1.15792 TD
-0.037 Tw
[(area of tec)-1(hnology)65(. )55(Another simply said,)-198(\322I w)10(ould not)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.019 Tw
[(e)15(xist without MBI.)70-199(Although it is too early to deter-)]TJ
T*
0.1 Tw
[(mine long-term survi)24(v)25(al rates for ne)25(wer f)20(ir)-1(ms,)-335(only)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.14 Tw
[(one of the f)20(ir)-1(ms that has participated in the Upper)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(Alban)Tj
2.35371 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.78433 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(pr)Tj
0.80293 0 TD
0.064 Tw
[(ogram to date has closed,)-300(due to the b)20(usi-)]TJ
-3.94097 -1.15789 TD
0.018 Tw
[(ness o)25(wner\325)55(s health problems. Going f)-1(orw)10(ard,)-253(it will)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0 Tw
(contin)Tj
2.40951 0 TD
0.179 Tw
[(ue to be important to trac)-1(k survi)25(v)25(al rates as)]TJ
-2.40951 -1.15789 TD
0.025 Tw
[(well as sales,)-260(prof)19(itability)65(,)-260(and emplo)9(yment. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15789 TD
0.044 Tw
[(These early indicators seem to sho)25(w that the MBI)]TJ
-0.9 -1.1579 TD
-0.014 Tw
(model is ha)Tj
4.39641 0 TD
(ving a positi)Tj
4.69528 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(e)Tj
0.64918 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ef)Tj
0.72192 0 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31777 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.014 Tw
(ect on Har)Tj
3.98514 0 TD
0 Tw
(tf)Tj
0.5806 0 TD
(or)Tj
0.80276 0 TD
-0.014 Tw
[<64D5>55(s Upper)]TJ
-16.61916 -1.15792 TD
0 Tw
(Alban)Tj
2.35371 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.94225 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.222 Tw
(neighborhood \(see )Tj
7.82088 0 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.51601 0 TD
(a)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
(b)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(le 4 f)Tj
2.40919 0 TD
(or summar)Tj
4.39134 0 TD
0 Tw
(y\).)Tj
-19.34723 -1.15791 TD
(Be)Tj
1.06595 0 TD
0 Tc
(y)Tj
0.485 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.027 Tw
(ond the r)Tj
3.36478 0 TD
(esponse of pr)Tj
5.0814 0 TD
[(ogram participants,)-208(35 ne)25(w)]TJ
-9.99713 -1.15792 TD
0.005 Tc
0.418 Tw
[(b)20(usinesses ha)19(v)15(e located on the )55(A)74(v)15(enue since)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.003 Tw
[(September 2002. )18(These b)19(usinesses ha)20(v)15(e the potential)]TJ
T*
0.033 Tw
[(to pro)15(vide not only ne)25(w pr)-1(oducts and services to the)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
0.051 Tw
[(ea,)-286(b)19(ut additional jobs and stimulating change and)]TJ
-0.74661 -1.15789 TD
-0.032 Tw
[(de)25(v)15(elopment in e)14(xisting mark)10(ets. From a funding and)]TJ
T*
0.112 Tw
(economic de)Tj
5.00302 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(elopment per)Tj
5.17967 0 TD
0 Tw
(specti)Tj
2.21738 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.057 Tw
[(e,)-347(the A)74(v)15(enue )-55(has)]TJ
-13.34029 -1.15793 TD
0.07 Tw
[(succeeded in attracting $2.8 million of rein)39(v)15(estment)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.104 Tw
(as w)Tj
1.84875 0.00001 TD
[(ell as $3.2 million of ne)25(w funding in less than)]TJ
-1.84875 -1.1579 TD
-0.014 Tc
0.374 Tw
[(three ye)1(a)1(rs. )18(T)1(hese f)9(actors seem to point to an)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.007 Tw
[(impro)15(v)15(ed c)-1(limate for b)20(usiness with some sustainable)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.025 Tw
[(impact on the inner city)65(. )]TJ
0.9 -1.15789 TD
0.269 Tw
[(W)80(e concede that these are v)15(er)-1(y early signs of)]TJ
-0.9 -1.1579 TD
0.119 Tw
[(progress. )55(As Bringle and Hatc)-1(her (2000) point out,)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0.375 Tw
[(service-learning projects lik)9(e MBI ha)20(v)15(e not yet)]TJ
T*
0.168 Tw
[(de)25(v)15(eloped a systematic and unif)-1(orm w)10(ay of docu-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
0.008 Tw
(menting their r)Tj
5.73327 0 TD
(esults and outcomes. )Tj
8.24447 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59585 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(he r)Tj
1.47455 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(eal-lif)Tj
2.28172 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.67166 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(set)Tj
1.06572 0 TD
0 Tc
(-)Tj
-20.06725 -1.15792 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.039 Tw
(ting and nonla)Tj
5.58992 0 TD
[(boratory conditions af)25(ford us minimal)]TJ
-5.58992 -1.1579 TD
0 Tw
(contr)Tj
1.97945 0.00001 TD
0.22 Tw
(ol o)Tj
1.67309 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(er v)Tj
1.66186 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.74661 0.00001 TD
(ia)Tj
0.69168 0.00001 TD
0.22 Tw
[(bles influencing outcomes. )55(As a)]TJ
-7.2228 -1.1579 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.3178 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.261 Tw
[(esult,)-496(we need to de)25(v)14(elop sophisticated w)10(ays of)]TJ
-0.3178 -1.1579 TD
0.105 Tw
[(measuring program impacts. In the future,)-340(program)]TJ
T*
0.2 Tw
[(outcomes need to be systematically identif)19(ied and)]TJ
T*
0.335 Tw
[(measured to truly e)24(v)25(aluate the ef)25(fecti)25(v)15(eness and)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(impact of the program o)15(v)15(er time. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 364.6876 699.3113 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Conclusion)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 680.1661 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.213 Tw
(Service-learning programs such as the MBI are)Tj
-0.9 -1.19453 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.42889 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.347 Tw
[(ducationally and socially po)25(werful inter)-1(v)15(entions)]TJ
-0.42889 -1.19453 TD
-0.031 Tw
(that hold promising potential for enhancing the learn-)Tj
T*
0.186 Tw
[(ing and de)25(v)15(elopment of both colle)15(ge students and)]TJ
0 -1.19452 TD
0.225 Tw
[(small b)20(usiness o)24(wners. )18(This program has brought)]TJ
0 -1.19453 TD
-0.03 Tw
[(widespread positi)25(v)15(e r)-1(ecognition to the Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity and)]TJ
T*
0.065 Tw
[(to the Upper )55(Alban)15(y neighborhood. It has also been)]TJ
T*
0.08 Tw
[(successful in de)25(v)15(eloping and promoting communit)-1(y)]TJ
0 -1.19452 TD
0.127 Tw
[(partnerships between the pub)-1(lic and pri)25(v)25(ate sectors)]TJ
0 -1.19453 TD
0.28 Tw
[(w)10(orking to)24(w)10(ard an urban community\325)55(s economic)]TJ
0 -1.19452 TD
0 Tw
[(re)25(vitalization. )]TJ
0.9 -1.19453 TD
0.331 Tw
[(The MBI model goes be)15(yond both the social)]TJ
-0.9 -1.19452 TD
0.035 Tw
[(model and Porter\325)54(s model of economic de)25(v)15(elopment)]TJ
0 -1.19453 TD
0.092 Tw
[(by pro)15(viding skills and e)15(xper)-1(iences aimed at de)25(v)15(el-)]TJ
T*
0.3 Tw
[(oping the human capital necessary for inner)19(-city)]TJ
T*
0.205 Tw
[(entrepreneurs to succeed)-1(. Fr)1(om a social and ci)24(vic)]TJ
T*
0.084 Tw
[(perspecti)25(v)14(e)1(,)-319(the MBI serv)14(es as an alternati)25(v)15(e model)]TJ
T*
0.186 Tw
[(for much needed economic re)25(vitalization in inner)19(-)]TJ
0 -1.19452 TD
0.145 Tw
[(city communities lik)10(e Har)-1(tford. From an academic)]TJ
0 -1.19453 TD
0.113 Tw
[(perspecti)25(v)14(e)1(,)-348(the MBI has allo)25(wed us to harness the)]TJ
0 -1.19452 TD
0.149 Tw
[(po)25(wer and potential of service-learning to enhance)]TJ
0 -1.19453 TD
-0.006 Tw
[(student learning. )18(This is accomplished via real-w)9(orld)]TJ
T*
0.123 Tw
[(opportunities for students to apply)65(,)-359(critically e)15(xam)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.19452 TD
0.061 Tw
[(ine,)-296(and better understand the comple)15(xities of trans)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.19453 TD
0 Tw
(la)Tj
0.69168 0 TD
-0.019 Tw
(ting b)Tj
2.1767 0 TD
[(usiness-related theor)-1(y into )1(pr)-1(actices. Students)]TJ
-2.86838 -1.19453 TD
0 Tw
(acquir)Tj
2.40829 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.6389 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
-0.025 Tw
[(practical b)19(usiness e)15(xperience and skills while)]TJ
-3.04719 -1.19453 TD
0.014 Tw
[(learning about their roles as sociall)-1(y responsible citi-)]TJ
0 -1.19452 TD
0 Tc
(z)Tj
0.42885 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.09 Tw
(ens of the lar)Tj
5.23513 0 TD
[(ger community)65(. )18(Thr)-1(ough the applica-)]TJ
-5.66398 -1.19453 TD
0.059 Tw
(tion of ser)Tj
4.00679 0 TD
0 Tw
(vice-lear)Tj
3.36159 0 TD
0.059 Tw
(ning best pr)Tj
4.65902 0 TD
[(actices,)-294(the MBI pro-)]TJ
-12.0274 -1.19453 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0 TD
(r)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.036 Tw
[(am continues to crea)-1(te sustained linkages between)]TJ
-0.80276 -1.19454 TD
0.047 Tw
[(student e)15(xperience)-1(,)-282(t)1(h)-1(e )1(d)-1(e)25(v)15(elopment of human capi-)]TJ
0 -1.19452 TD
0.11 Tw
[(tal in urban entrepreneurs,)-346(and inner city economic)]TJ
0 -1.19453 TD
0 Tc
(r)Tj
0.31776 0 TD
(e)Tj
0.40395 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(vitaliza)Tj
2.82288 0 TD
(tion.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 376.5011 278.6161 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Notes)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 256.8708 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.001 Tw
[(The authors w)10(ould lik)9(e to thank Robert Golden Director)]TJ
-1 -1.21613 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(of)Tj
1.2006 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.163 Tw
[(the Upper )55(Alban)15(y Micr)-1(o Business Incubator for sup-)]TJ
-1.2006 -1.21615 TD
0 Tw
(por)Tj
1.28777 0 TD
0.241 Tw
[(ting this research. Rob recei)25(v)14(ed his MB)35(A from the)]TJ
-1.28777 -1.21614 TD
0 Tw
(Uni)Tj
1.42986 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(er)Tj
0.74661 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(sity of Hartf)-1(ord in 2005.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
4.5 0 0 4.5 296 212.5211 Tm
0 g
(1)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 305 209.4898 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.59585 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.027 Tw
[(his number includes f)19(irms with paid emplo)10(yees and)]TJ
-2.59585 -1.21614 TD
0.025 Tw
[(f)20(irms with no paid emplo)9(yees.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 365.3188 179.4594 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(Refer)-1(ences)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 287 157.7142 Tm
0 g
0.005 Tc
0.433 Tw
[(2002 Surv)15(e)15(y of Business Owners. Retrie)24(v)15(ed from)]TJ
1 -1.21614 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(http://www)Tj
ET
0.45 w
0 G
296 145.869 m
335.6443 145.869 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 335.06 146.769 Tm
(.census.g)Tj
ET
335.06 145.869 m
366.8348 145.869 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 366.8348 146.769 Tm
0 Tc
(o)Tj
ET
366.8348 145.869 m
371.1998 145.869 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 371.0657 146.769 Tm
(v)Tj
ET
371.0657 145.869 m
375.4317 145.869 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 377.7708 146.769 Tm
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(on 4/28/05.)Tj
-10.08565 -1.61615 TD
0.161 Tw
[(Ando,)-396(F)80(. (1988). Capital issues and the Minority-o)24(wned)]TJ
1 -1.21615 TD
0 Tc
(b)Tj
0.46522 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(usiness. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 332.7665 121.2784 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.54091 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.367 Tw
(he Re)Tj
2.52516 0.00001 TD
[(vie)15(w of )17(African-American P)80(olitical)]TJ
-7.15124 -1.21615 TD
0 Tw
(Economy)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 328.5392 110.3332 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-260(77-109.)]TJ
-4.61547 -1.61614 TD
(Badu,)Tj
2.59539 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(Y)Tj
0.57801 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
0.57945 0.00001 TD
0.164 Tw
[(A.,)-399(Daniels,)-400(K. N.,)-399(Salandr)-1(o,)-399(D. P)111(. (1999). )55(An)]TJ
-2.75285 -1.21615 TD
0 Tw
(empir)Tj
2.25728 0.00001 TD
0.18 Tw
(ical anal)Tj
3.40409 0.00001 TD
(ysis of dif)Tj
4.16953 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(f)Tj
0.31776 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(erences in )54(African-American)]TJ
-10.14866 -1.21617 TD
0.247 Tw
[(and )30(White asset and liability combination. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 457.4906 73.8974 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(F)45(inancial)]TJ
-17.9434 -1.21613 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Services Re)15(vie)14(w)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 352.1464 62.9522 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 356.6014 62.9522 Tm
0 g
(8)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 360.9664 62.9522 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-260(129-147.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:10 PM Page 76)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
77 0 obj
<<
/Length 20976
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(77)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 62 699.7092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.157 Tw
[(Bates,)-374(T)74(. (1989). )18(The changing nature of Minority b)19(usi-)]TJ
1 -1.2368 TD
0.164 Tw
[(ness:)-345(A comparati)25(v)15(e analysis of )55(Asian,)-400(Non-Minority)65(,)]TJ
0 -1.23681 TD
-0.074 Tw
[(and African-Amer)-1(ican-o)25(wned )-55(b)20(usinesses. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 217.2468 677.4467 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.019 Tw
[(The Re)15(vie)15(w of)]TJ
-16.24964 -1.23681 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(A)Tj
0.59579 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(frican-American P)79(olitical Economy)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 200.0936 666.3154 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.49501 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(25-42.)Tj
-15.83875 -1.63682 TD
-0.023 Tw
[(Bates,)-194(T)74(. (1993). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 121.097 651.5842 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.023 Tw
[(Banking on )18(African-Amer)-1(ican Enterprise)15(.)]TJ
-5.56633 -1.2368 TD
0.005 Tc
0 Tw
[(W)92(ashington)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 113.6197 640.4529 Tm
0 g
0.005 Tc
0.38 Tw
[(,)-635(D.C.:)-634(Joint Center for Political and)]TJ
-4.73552 -1.23681 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Economic Studies.)Tj
-1 -1.63681 TD
0.071 Tw
[(Bates,)-288(T)74(. (1995). )55(A comparison of franchise and inde)-1(pen-)]TJ
1 -1.23681 TD
-0.008 Tc
0.368 Tw
[(dent small b)20(usiness survi)24(v)25(al rates. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 209.3613 603.459 Tm
0 g
-0.008 Tc
0.368 Tw
(Small Business)Tj
-15.37348 -1.2368 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Economics)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 109.2699 592.3278 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 113.7249 592.3278 Tm
0 g
(7)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 118.0899 592.3278 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-260(377-388.)]TJ
-6.23221 -1.63681 TD
0.193 Tw
[(Battistoni,)-428(R. M. (1998). Making a major commitment:)]TJ
1 -1.23681 TD
-0.008 Tw
[(Public and community service at Pr)-1(o)15(vidence Colle)15(ge. In)]TJ
T*
0.005 Tc
0.481 Tw
[(E. Zlotk)10(o)25(wski (Ed),)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 158.2969 555.334 Tm
0 g
0.005 Tc
0.481 Tw
(Successful Service-Learning)Tj
-9.69966 -1.23681 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.111 Tw
[(Pr)45(o)9(gr)15(ams:)-346(Ne)15(w models of e)19(xcellence in higher educa-)]TJ
0 -1.23682 TD
0 Tw
(tion)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 89.9423 533.0714 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.374 Tw
[((pp. 169-188). Bolton,)-609(MA:)-554(Ank)9(er Publishing)]TJ
-2.1047 -1.23681 TD
0 Tw
[(Compan)15(y)65(.)]TJ
-1 -1.6368 TD
-0.001 Tw
[(Beck)10(er)39(,)-234(G. S. (1962). In)39(v)15(estment in human capital:)-180(A theo-)]TJ
1 -1.23682 TD
0.375 Tw
(retical analysis. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 133.5407 496.0777 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.375 Tw
[(The J)25(ournal of P)80(olitical Econom)-1(y)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 263.75 496.0777 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 484.9463 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(70)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 79.73 484.9463 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((5),)-260(9-49.)]TJ
-1.97 -1.63681 TD
(Blau,)Tj
2.41052 0 TD
0 Tc
(F)Tj
0.46107 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
0.58177 0 Td
(D)Tj
0.70701 0 TD
0.112 Tw
[(.,)-347(& Graham,)-347(J. )30(W)92(. (1990). )55(Afr)-1(ican-American-)]TJ
-3.16037 -1.23681 TD
0 Tc
(W)Tj
0.92884 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.206 Tw
[(hite Dif)25(ferences in )29(W)80(ealth and )55(Asset Composition.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 447.9525 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.54091 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(he)Tj
1.17384 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Quarterly J)25(ournal of Economics)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 199.5527 447.9525 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.495 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(321-339.)Tj
-15.77864 -1.63682 TD
(Boden,)Tj
3.28952 0 TD
(R.J)Tj
1.26091 0 TD
(.,)Tj
0.98868 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(&)Tj
1.28147 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Nucci,)Tj
3.01125 0 TD
0.284 Tw
(A. R. (2000). On the Sur)Tj
10.94514 0 TD
0 Tw
[(vi)25(v)25(al)]TJ
-19.77697 -1.23682 TD
0.005 Tc
(Pr)Tj
0.89867 0 TD
0.368 Tw
(ospects of Men\325)Tj
7.19761 0 TD
(s)Tj
1.01686 0 Td
0 Tw
(and )Tj
2.05203 0 TD
0.368 Tw
[(W)80(omen\325)55(s Ne)25(w Business)]TJ
-11.16517 -1.23682 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
[(V)111(entures. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 105.8597 410.9587 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(J)25(ournal of Business )35(V)111(enturing)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 210.3167 410.9587 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 214.7717 410.9587 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(15)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 223.5017 410.9587 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-260(347-362.)]TJ
-17.94463 -1.63682 TD
-0.014 Tw
[(Bostic,)-221(R. )30(W)92(.,)-221(& Lampani,)-220(K. P)110(. (1999). Racial Dif)25(ferences)]TJ
1 -1.23681 TD
0.066 Tw
[(in P)15(atterns of Small Business Finance:)-283(The Importance)]TJ
0 -1.2368 TD
0.061 Tw
[(of Local Geograph)5(y)65(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 146.2748 373.9649 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.061 Tw
[(Pr)45(oceedings of the Confer)36(ence on)]TJ
-8.36387 -1.23681 TD
0.037 Tw
[(Business )18(Access to Capital and Cr)36(edit)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 204.9118 362.8336 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
0.50701 0 Td
0.037 Tw
[(Federal Reserv)15(e)]TJ
-15.3861 -1.23681 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Bank of Chicago,)-260(149-179.)]TJ
-1 -1.63681 TD
0.058 Tw
[(Bringle,)-294(R. G.,)-293(& Hatc)-1(her)40(,)-293(J. )55(A. (1999). Ref)-1(lection in ser-)]TJ
1 -1.2368 TD
0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(vice-lear)Tj
3.54157 0 TD
(ning:)Tj
3.07262 0 TD
0.737 Tw
(Making meaning of e)Tj
10.87154 0 TD
0 Tw
(xper)Tj
1.7966 0 TD
(ience)Tj
2.13437 0 TD
0 Tc
(.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 314.7085 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Educational Horizons Summer)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 178.7869 314.7085 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 183.2419 314.7085 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(77)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 191.9719 314.7085 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((4),)-260(179-185.)]TJ
-14.44132 -1.63681 TD
0.063 Tw
[(Bringle,)-298(R. G.,)-298(& Hatc)-1(her)40(,)-298(J. )55(A. (2000). Meaningful mea-)]TJ
1 -1.2368 TD
0 Tw
(sur)Tj
1.17668 0 TD
0.258 Tw
(ement of theory-based service learning outcomes:)Tj
-1.17668 -1.23682 TD
0.171 Tw
(Making the case with quantita)Tj
12.29866 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(ti)Tj
0.50076 0 TD
0.171 Tw
[(v)15(e resear)-1(c)1(h. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 232.5886 277.7147 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Mic)Tj
1.49455 0.00001 TD
(hig)Tj
1.23284 0 TD
(an)Tj
-20.68167 -1.23682 TD
0.061 Tw
[(J)25(ournal of Community Service Learning)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 212.9472 266.5834 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.53088 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.061 Tw
(Special Issue,)Tj
-16.3028 -1.23681 TD
0 Tw
(68-75.)Tj
-1 -1.6368 TD
0.17 Tw
[(Carter)39(,)-405(N. M.,)-376(W)40(illiams,)-406(M.,)-405(& Re)15(ynolds,)-406(P)111(. D. (1992).)]TJ
1 -1.2368 TD
0 Tw
(Discontin)Tj
3.75319 0 TD
0.163 Tw
(uance among ne)Tj
6.58828 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(w)Tj
1.10475 0 Td
(f)Tj
0.29822 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ir)Tj
0.5806 0.00001 TD
0.163 Tw
(ms in r)Tj
2.99846 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(etail:)Tj
2.28925 0 TD
0.163 Tw
(The influ-)Tj
-17.61275 -1.23685 TD
-0.005 Tw
[(ence of initial resources,)-230(strate)15(gy)64(,)-229(and gender)55(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 230.2425 218.4584 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.005 Tw
[(J)25(ournal of)]TJ
-17.69361 -1.23681 TD
0 Tw
(Business )Tj
3.60437 0 TD
0 Tc
(V)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(entur)Tj
2.0356 0.00001 TD
(ing)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 137.2202 207.3271 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 141.6752 207.3271 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(12)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 150.4052 207.3271 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.495 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(125-145.)Tj
-10.3178 -1.63681 TD
-0.027 Tw
[(Chandler)40(,)-209(G. N.,)-208(& Hanks,)-208(S. H. (1998). )54(An e)15(xamination of)]TJ
1 -1.23682 TD
-0.015 Tw
[(the substitutability of founders human and f)19(inancial cap-)]TJ
0 -1.23681 TD
0.08 Tw
[(ital in emer)18(ging b)19(usiness v)15(entures. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 196.2263 170.3332 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.08 Tw
[(J)25(ournal of Business)]TJ
-13.91403 -1.2368 TD
0 Tw
[(V)111(enturing)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 104.7809 159.202 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 109.2359 159.202 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(13)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 117.9659 159.202 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-260(353-369.)]TJ
-6.21843 -1.63681 TD
(Chr)Tj
1.45476 0.00001 TD
(istopher)Tj
3.0614 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(,)Tj
0.48639 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.016 Tw
[(J. E. (1998). Minority b)20(usiness for)-1(mation and)]TJ
-4.00254 -1.23683 TD
0.009 Tw
[(survi)25(v)24(al:)-244(Evidence on b)20(usiness perfor)-1(mance and viabili-)]TJ
0 -1.23681 TD
-0.012 Tc
0 Tw
(ty)Tj
0.68924 0.00001 TD
-0.0118 Tc
(.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 84.8367 122.2082 Tm
0 g
-0.012 Tc
(Re)Tj
1.01614 0.00001 TD
(vie)Tj
1.11516 0.00001 TD
-0.0119 Tc
(w)Tj
1.26509 0 Td
-0.012 Tc
(of )Tj
1.34644 0.00001 TD
(Afr)Tj
1.24211 0.00001 TD
0.372 Tw
[(ican-American P)80(olitical Econom)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 259.9416 122.2082 Tm
0 g
(y)Tj
0.42323 0.00001 TD
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 111.0769 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(26)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 79.73 111.0769 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((1),)-260(37-72.)]TJ
-1.97 -1.6368 TD
0.011 Tw
[(Coleman,)-246(S. (2003). Borro)25(wing patterns for small f)20(ir)-1(ms:)-191(A)]TJ
1 -1.2368 TD
-0.011 Tc
0.371 Tw
[(comparison by race and ethnicity)64(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 207.7998 85.2143 Tm
0 g
-0.011 Tc
0.371 Tw
[(The J)24(ournal of)]TJ
-15.2 -1.2368 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.209 Tw
[(Entr)37(epr)37(eneurial F)44(inance and Business )35(V)111(entur)37(es)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 243.1894 74.083 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 249.3003 74.083 Tm
0 g
(7)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 253.6653 74.083 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((3),)Tj
-20.2961 -1.2368 TD
(87-108.)Tj
24 70.75082 TD
-0.01 Tw
[(Cooper)40(,)-171(A. C.,)-225(Gimeno-Gascon,)-226(F)80(. J.,)-225(& )30(W)80(oo,)-226(C. )90(Y)129(. (1994).)]TJ
1 -1.18456 TD
0.061 Tw
[(Initial human and f)20(inancial capital as pr)-1(edictors of ne)25(w)]TJ
0 Tc
(v)'
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.077 Tw
[(enture perfor)-1(mance. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 373.6106 678.3872 Tm
0 g
(J)Tj
0.40395 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.077 Tw
[(ournal of Business )35(V)111(enturing)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 479.4644 678.3872 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 484.385 678.3872 Tm
0 g
(9)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 488.75 678.3872 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
-21.41667 -1.18456 TD
-0.015 Tc
(3)Tj
0.48497 0.00001 TD
(71-395.)Tj
-1.48497 -1.58456 TD
-0.021 Tw
[(Cressy)65(,)-214(R. (1996). )55(Ar)-1(e b)20(usiness startups debt-rationed? )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 477.7722 653.4651 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(The)Tj
-20.19691 -1.18456 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Economic J)25(ournal)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 360.071 642.8041 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 364.526 642.8041 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(106)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 377.621 642.8041 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-260(1253-1270.)]TJ
-10.069 -1.58456 TD
0.122 Tw
[(Csikszentmihalyi,)-357(M. (2005). )54(A service-learning kaleido-)]TJ
1 -1.18457 TD
0.005 Tc
0.674 Tw
[(scope of insights:)-929(Con)40(v)14(ersations with Mihaly)]TJ
0 -1.18455 TD
0.644 Tw
[(Csikszentmihalyi,)-899(theorist/systems chang)-1(e artist;)]TJ
0 -1.18457 TD
-0.011 Tc
0.371 Tw
[(Bernard Milano,)-611(practitioner/foundation leader; and)]TJ
0 -1.18455 TD
-0.003 Tc
0.363 Tw
[(John Saltmarsh,)-610(historian/service-learning educator)55(.)]TJ
0 -1.18456 TD
0.005 Tc
0.533 Tw
[(Intervie)25(wed by Mar)-1(ilyn )18(T)80(aylor in )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 443.5688 575.2379 Tm
0 g
0.005 Tc
0.533 Tw
(Academy of)Tj
-16.39653 -1.18457 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Mana)10(g)9(ement Learning & Education)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 423.0386 564.5767 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-260(4(3),)-260(363-376.)]TJ
-15.1154 -1.58455 TD
0.04 Tw
[(DiP)15(ado)15(v)24(a-Stocks,)-275(L.N. (2005). )17(T)80(w)10(o major concerns about)]TJ
1 -1.18458 TD
-0.012 Tw
[(service-learning:)-194(What if we don\325)18(t do it? )54(And what if we)]TJ
0 -1.18456 TD
0 Tw
(do? )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 312.1526 528.9937 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.161 Tw
[(Academy of Mana)10(g)9(ement Learning & Education)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 488.7501 528.9937 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 518.3326 Tm
0 g
(4)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 300.365 518.3326 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((3),)-260(345-353.)]TJ
-1.485 -1.58457 TD
0.023 Tw
[(Dorado,)-258(S. & Giles,)-258(D.E. Jr)54(. (2004). Service-learning part-)]TJ
1 -1.18456 TD
0.258 Tw
[(nerships:)-494(P)15(aths of eng)5(agement. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 415.1515 493.4105 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.258 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal of)]TJ
-13.23906 -1.18456 TD
0.025 Tw
(Community Service Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 398.4111 482.7494 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 402.8662 482.7494 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(11)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 411.5962 482.7494 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((1),)-260(25-37)]TJ
-13.84402 -1.58456 TD
0.152 Tw
[(Dymsk)15(y)65(,)-387(G. )55(A. (1996). Business Strate)15(gy and )55(Access to)]TJ
1 -1.18457 TD
0.066 Tw
[(Capital in Inner)19(-City Re)25(vitalization. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 425.0598 457.8273 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.066 Tw
[(Re)15(vie)14(w of )18(African-)]TJ
-14.33998 -1.18456 TD
0.025 Tw
[(American P)80(olitical Econom)-1(y)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 396.1853 447.1663 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 400.6403 447.1663 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(24)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 409.3703 447.1663 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((2/3),)-260(51-65.)]TJ
-13.5967 -1.58457 TD
0.137 Tw
[(Emiliani,)-372(M.L. (2004). Is management educa)-1(tion benef)20(i-)]TJ
1 -1.18456 TD
0.025 Tw
(cial to society? )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 350.606 422.2442 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Mana)Tj
2.263 0 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.47523 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(ement Decision)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 429.3101 422.2442 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 433.7651 422.2442 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(42)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 442.4951 422.2442 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((3/4),)Tj
2.36337 0 TD
(481.)Tj
-19.6406 -1.58456 TD
(Enos,)Tj
2.53849 0 TD
0 Tc
(S)Tj
0.5409 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.59856 0 Td
(&)Tj
1.12656 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
(Mor)Tj
1.67686 0 TD
(ton,)Tj
1.83156 0 TD
0.129 Tw
(K. (2003). De)Tj
5.59079 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(eloping a theor)Tj
6.03027 0 TD
(y)Tj
0.84865 0 Td
0 Tw
(and)Tj
-20.25273 -1.18459 TD
-0.005 Tc
(pr)Tj
0.82281 0 TD
0.365 Tw
[(actice of campus-community partner)-1(ships. In B.)]TJ
-0.82281 -1.18456 TD
0 Tc
(J)Tj
0.37391 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(acob)Tj
1.8277 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(y)Tj
0.8563 0 Td
(&)Tj
1.07942 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.136 Tw
(Associates (Eds.),)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 400.097 386.6611 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.136 Tw
(Building P)Tj
4.21176 0 TD
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.85892 0 TD
(tner)Tj
1.54083 0 TD
0.136 Tw
(ships for)Tj
-18.17784 -1.18458 TD
-0.009 Tc
0 Tw
(Service-Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 362.7014 376 Tm
0 g
-0.009 Tc
0.369 Tw
[((pp. 20-41). San Francisco:)-610(John)]TJ
-7.41127 -1.18456 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(W)40(ile)15(y & Sons,)-260(Inc)-1(.)]TJ
-1 -1.58456 TD
0 Tc
(F)Tj
0.55962 0 TD
(r)Tj
0.33648 0 TD
0.004 Tc
0 Tw
(equentl)Tj
2.96938 0 TD
0.0037 Tc
(y)Tj
1.05879 0 Td
0.004 Tc
0.356 Tw
[(Ask)10(ed Questions (2005). http://www)]TJ
ET
0.45 w
0 G
433.6282 350.178 m
474.9571 350.178 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 474.3726 351.078 Tm
0 Tw
(.sba.)Tj
ET
474.3726 350.178 m
491 350.178 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 340.4169 Tm
0 Tc
(g)Tj
ET
296 339.5169 m
300.365 339.5169 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 300.365 340.4169 Tm
(o)Tj
ET
300.365 339.5169 m
304.7299 339.5169 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 304.596 340.4169 Tm
-0.015 Tc
(v/f)Tj
ET
304.596 339.5169 m
314.1864 339.5169 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 314.0985 340.4169 Tm
(aqs)Tj
ET
314.0985 339.5169 m
325.8234 339.5169 l
S
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 325.6884 340.4169 Tm
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.49477 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Retrie)24(v)15(ed on 3/7/06.)]TJ
-4.79348 -1.58456 TD
0.18 Tw
[(Godfre)15(y)65(,)-415(P)111(.C. (1999). Service-lear)-1(ning:)-360(A call to action.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 315.4948 Tm
0 g
(J)Tj
0.40395 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(ournal of Mana)10(g)9(ement Inquiry)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 407.5783 315.4948 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 412.0334 315.4948 Tm
0 g
(8)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 416.3984 315.4948 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((4),)Tj
1.61553 0 TD
(363-378.)Tj
-15.99314 -1.58456 TD
0.044 Tw
[(Godfre)15(y)65(,)-279(P)111(.C. (2000). )54(A moral ar)18(gument for service-learn-)]TJ
1 -1.18457 TD
0.116 Tw
[(ing in management education. In P)111(.C. Godfr)-1(e)15(y & E.T)74(.)]TJ
0 -1.18456 TD
0 Tw
(Gr)Tj
1.02469 -0.00001 TD
0.008 Tw
(asso (Eds.),)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 347.5993 279.9117 Tm
0 g
(W)Tj
0.72598 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.008 Tw
[(orking for the common good:)-244(Concepts)]TJ
-6.45923 -1.18456 TD
-0.018 Tw
[(and models for service-learning in mana)9(g)10(ement)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 463.6136 269.2506 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.018 Tw
(\(pp. 21-)Tj
-18.62373 -1.18456 TD
-0.005 Tw
[(42\). W)80(ashington,)-260(D.C.:)-205(AAHE. )]TJ
-1 -1.58456 TD
-0.006 Tw
[(Haynes,)-259(G)1(. W)92(. )-29((2001). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 367.7422 244.3286 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.023 Tw
[(W)92(ealth and income:)-258(How did small)]TJ
-7.97135 -1.18457 TD
0.026 Tw
[(b)20(usinesses far)36(e fr)45(om 1989 to 1998)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 415.526 233.6675 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.49569 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.026 Tw
(Study conducted for)Tj
-13.77635 -1.18456 TD
0.211 Tw
(the U)Tj
2.32987 -0.00001 TD
[(.S. Small Business )55(Administration,)-417(W)80(ashington,)]TJ
-2.32987 -1.18456 TD
0 Tw
(D.C.)Tj
-1 -1.58455 TD
0.223 Tw
[(Henry)65(,)-458(C. M. (1996). )18(The Por)-1(ter model of competiti)25(v)15(e)]TJ
1 -1.18457 TD
0.335 Tw
[(adv)25(antage f)-1(or inner)20(-city de)25(v)15(elopment:)-516(An appraisal.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 176.7623 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.036 Tw
[(Re)15(vie)14(w of )18(African-American P)79(olitical Economy)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 459.0494 176.7623 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 462.9542 176.7623 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(24)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 471.6842 176.7623 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((2/3):)Tj
-19.52047 -1.18456 TD
(131-160.)Tj
-1 -1.58456 TD
0.166 Tw
[(Honig,)-401(B. (1998). )30(What deter)-1(mines success? Examining)]TJ
1 -1.18456 TD
0.252 Tw
[(the human,)-487(f)20(inancial,)-488(and social capital of Jamaican)]TJ
0 -1.18457 TD
0 Tw
[(microentrepreneur)-1(s. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 368.6052 130.5182 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.095 Tw
[(J)25(ournal of Business )35(V)111(enturing)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 474.9393 130.5182 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 480.02 130.5182 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(13)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 488.75 130.5182 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
-21.41667 -1.18456 TD
-0.015 Tc
(371-394.)Tj
-1 -1.58457 TD
0.063 Tw
[(Immer)18(gluc)-1(k,)-298(D. (1999). Intraurban patterns of small b)20(usi)-1(-)]TJ
1 -1.18456 TD
-0.008 Tc
0.368 Tw
[(ness lending:)-610(Findings from the Ne)25(w Comm)-1(unity)]TJ
T*
-0.015 Tc
0.106 Tw
[(Rein)40(v)15(estment )54(Act data. Proceedings of the Conference)]TJ
T*
0.35 Tw
(on Business )Tj
5.51983 0.00001 TD
(Access to Ca)Tj
5.73931 0.00001 TD
(pital and Credit. Federal)Tj
-11.25915 -1.18457 TD
0 Tw
(Reser)Tj
2.20137 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0.00001 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(e)Tj
0.68885 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Bank of Chica)Tj
5.63113 0.00001 TD
[(go,)-260(pp. 123-138. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 411.0709 716.2092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Human Capital Model)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:10 PM Page 77)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
78 0 obj
<<
/Length 21813
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(78)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 62 699.7092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.016 Tw
[(Jacoby)65(,)-219(B. & )55(Associates (Eds.). (1996). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 199.3545 699.7092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.016 Tw
(Service-learning in)Tj
-14.26161 -1.22171 TD
0.005 Tc
0.538 Tw
[(higher education:)-793(Concepts and pr)15(actices)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 242.9828 688.7138 Tm
0 g
0.0049 Tc
(.)Tj
1.04762 0 Td
0.005 Tc
(San)Tj
-20.15682 -1.22171 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(Francisco:)-260(Josse)15(y-Bass.)]TJ
-1 -1.62171 TD
0 Tc
(J)Tj
0.37391 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.033 Tw
[(ohnson,)-268(J. H.,)-268(F)15(arrell,)-239(W)92(. C.,)-268(& Henderson,)-268(G. R. (1996).)]TJ
0.62609 -1.22173 TD
-0.0153 Tc
(M)Tj
0.87368 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.313 Tw
[(r)55(. Por)-1(ter\325)55(s \322Competiti)25(v)15(e )54(Adv)25(antage\323)-548(for inner)20(-city)]TJ
-0.87368 -1.22172 TD
0.027 Tw
[(re)25(vitalization:)-262(Exploitation or empo)25(werment? )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 231.8732 641.1321 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.027 Tw
[(Re)15(vie)14(w of)]TJ
-17.8748 -1.22171 TD
0.025 Tw
[(African-American P)79(olitical Economy)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 200.0936 630.1367 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 204.5487 630.1367 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(24)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 213.2787 630.1367 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((2/3),)-260(259-289.)]TJ
-16.80874 -1.62171 TD
0.032 Tw
[(Kang)5(asharju,)-212(A.,)-268(& Pekkala,)-267(S. (2002). )18(The role of educa-)]TJ
1 -1.22172 TD
0.177 Tw
[(tion and self-emplo)10(yment success in Finland)-1(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 239.5784 604.5458 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(Gr)45(owth)]TJ
-18.73093 -1.22171 TD
(a)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(nd Chang)10(e)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 113.5347 593.5504 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 117.9898 593.5504 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(3)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
(3)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 126.7198 593.5504 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.495 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(216-237.)Tj
-7.68609 -1.62172 TD
0 Tc
(K)Tj
0.68202 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.256 Tw
[(enw)10(or)-1(th)5(y-U\325Ren,)-436(A. (1999). Mana)-1(gement students as)]TJ
0.31798 -1.22172 TD
0.159 Tw
[(consultants:)-339(An alterna)-1(ti)25(v)15(e perspecti)24(v)15(e on the service-)]TJ
T*
-0.002 Tc
0.362 Tw
[(learning \322call to action.)69]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 173.7039 556.9642 Tm
0 g
-0.002 Tc
0.362 Tw
[(J)25(ournal of Mana)9(g)10(ement)]TJ
-11.41154 -1.22171 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Inquiry)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 96.5453 545.9688 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 101.0003 545.9688 Tm
0 g
(8)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 105.3653 545.9688 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((4):)-260(379-387.)]TJ
-4.81837 -1.62172 TD
0.262 Tw
[(K)25(enw)10(or)-1(th)5(y-U\325Ren,)-442(A.,)-497(& Peterson,)-479(T)74(. (2005). Service-)]TJ
1 -1.22172 TD
0.254 Tw
[(learning and management education:)-490(Introducing the)]TJ
0 -1.22171 TD
-0.002 Tc
0.361 Tw
[(\322WE CARE\323)-610(a)-1(pproach)-1(.)-1( )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 168.4638 509.3826 Tm
0 g
-0.002 Tc
0.362 Tw
[(Academy)-1( o)-1(f)-1( M)-1(a)-1(n)-1(a)9(g)9(ement)]TJ
-10.82931 -1.22173 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Lear)Tj
1.82868 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(ning & Education)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 150.2423 498.387 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 154.6974 498.387 Tm
0 g
(4)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 159.0624 498.387 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((3),)Tj
1.61553 0.00001 TD
(272-277.)Tj
-12.40024 -1.62172 TD
0.014 Tw
[(Lo)25(wer)-1(y)65(,)-159(Y)129(. (2005). )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 129.0091 483.7916 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.014 Tw
(Dynamics of Minority-owned employer)Tj
-6.44545 -1.22171 TD
0 Tw
[(establishments,)-471(1997-2001)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 166.2303 472.7962 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.70546 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.236 Tw
[(Of)25(f)20(ice of )55(Adv)19(ocac)15(y)65(,)-471(U.S.)]TJ
-11.2866 -1.22171 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Small Business )55(Administration,)-230(W)80(ashington,)-261(D)1(.C.)]TJ
-1 -1.62172 TD
0.111 Tw
[(Lussier)40(,)-346(R. N.,)-346(& Pfeif)-1(er)40(,)-346(S. (2001). )55(A crossnational pr)-1(e)1(-)]TJ
1 -1.22171 TD
0.212 Tw
[(diction model for b)20(usiness success. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 204.4462 436.2099 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.212 Tw
[(J)25(ournal of Small)]TJ
-14.82736 -1.22171 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Business Mana)10(g)9(ement)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 149.2097 425.2145 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 153.6647 425.2145 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(39)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 162.3947 425.2145 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((3),)-260(228-239.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 62 410.6191 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.261 Tw
[(Minorities in b)20(usiness)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 143.0403 410.6191 Tm
0 g
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.73099 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.231 Tw
[((2001). W)80(ashington,)-496(D.C.:)-497(U.S.)]TJ
-8.73547 -1.22173 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Small Business )55(Administration Of)25(f)20(ice of )54(Adv)20(ocac)15(y)65(.)]TJ
-1 -1.62172 TD
0.108 Tw
[(Michaelsen,)-344(L.K.,)-343(K)25(enderdine,)-343(J.M.,)-344(Hobbs,)-343(J.,)-343(& Frueh,)]TJ
1 -1.22171 TD
0 Tc
(F)Tj
0.46108 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.227 Tw
(.L. (2000). )Tj
4.78261 0 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59584 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(he Oklahoma inte)15(grated b)20(usiness core:)]TJ
-5.83953 -1.22172 TD
0.052 Tw
(Using a ser)Tj
4.43729 0 TD
0 Tw
(vice-lear)Tj
3.36159 0 TD
0.052 Tw
(ning e)Tj
2.4189 0 TD
0 Tw
(xper)Tj
1.71662 0 TD
0.052 Tw
(ience as a f)Tj
4.44511 0 TD
0 Tw
(ounda)Tj
2.36884 0 TD
0.052 Tw
(tion for)Tj
-18.74836 -1.22174 TD
0 Tw
(under)Tj
2.18379 0 TD
0.061 Tw
[(graduate b)20(usiness education. In Godfre)15(y)65(,)-296(P)111(.C. and)]TJ
-2.18379 -1.22171 TD
0 Tw
(Gr)Tj
1.02469 0 TD
(asso,)Tj
2.39409 0 TD
(E.T)Tj
1.35271 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(.)Tj
0.73222 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
((Eds.),)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 148.0543 341.0465 Tm
0 g
(W)Tj
0.72597 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(or)Tj
0.85891 0 TD
0.262 Tw
(king f)Tj
2.42192 0 TD
(or the common g)Tj
7.31052 0 TD
0 Tw
(ood:)Tj
-19.87891 -1.22173 TD
0.148 Tw
[(Concepts and models for service-learning in mana)9(g)10(e-)]TJ
0 -1.22171 TD
0 Tw
(ment)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 90.2925 319.0557 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.005 Tw
[((pp.149-166). W)80(ashington,)-260(D.C.:)-205(AAHE.)]TJ
-3.14361 -1.62172 TD
0.085 Tw
[(P)15(apamarcos,)-320(S.D. (2005). Gi)25(ving traction to management)]TJ
1 -1.22171 TD
0.005 Tc
0 Tw
(theor)Tj
2.07943 0 TD
0.841 Tw
[(y:)-1078(T)80(oday\325)54(s service-learning. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 215.798 293.4648 Tm
0 g
0.005 Tc
(Academ)Tj
3.25044 0 TD
0.0049 Tc
(y)Tj
1.5447 0 Td
0.005 Tc
(of)Tj
-20.88381 -1.22172 TD
-0.015 Tc
(Mana)Tj
2.263 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.47523 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(ement Learning & Education)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 198.0386 282.4694 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 202.4936 282.4694 Tm
0 g
(4)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 206.8586 282.4694 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((3),)Tj
1.61554 0.00001 TD
(325-335.)Tj
-17.71094 -1.62172 TD
0.152 Tw
[(Pena,)-387(I. (2002). Intellectual capital and b)19(usiness start-up)]TJ
1 -1.22172 TD
0 Tw
(success. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 101.4947 256.8785 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(J)25(ournal of Intellectual Capital)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 207.4922 256.8785 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 211.9473 256.8785 Tm
0 g
(3)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 216.3123 256.8785 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((2),)-260(180-198.)]TJ
-17.14581 -1.62171 TD
0.199 Tw
[(Porter)39(,)-434(M. E. (1995). )18(The competiti)25(v)15(e adv)25(antage of the)]TJ
1 -1.22171 TD
0.025 Tw
[(inner city)65(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 107.9812 231.2878 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Harvar)37(d Business Re)15(vie)14(w)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 197.6972 231.2878 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-260(55-71.)]TJ
-15.07747 -1.62171 TD
0.217 Tw
[(Ramse)15(y)65(,)-403(V)129(.J. & Fitzgibbons,)-452(D.E. (2005). Being in the)]TJ
1 -1.22173 TD
0 Tw
(classroom. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 112.3143 205.6968 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.202 Tw
[(J)25(ournal of Mana)10(g)9(ement Education)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 238.8916 205.6968 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 244.9353 205.6968 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(29)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 253.6653 205.6968 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((2),)Tj
-20.29614 -1.22171 TD
(333-356.)Tj
-1 -1.62171 TD
0.374 Tw
[(Robb,)-554(A. M. (2002). Entrepreneurial perf)-1(ormance by)]TJ
1 -1.22171 TD
0 Tc
(w)Tj
0.69716 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.071 Tw
(omen and minor)Tj
6.48508 0 TD
0 Tw
(ities:)Tj
2.14183 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59585 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.071 Tw
(he case of ne)Tj
5.18269 0.00001 TD
-0.0152 Tc
(w)Tj
1.01225 0 Td
(f)Tj
0.29822 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(ir)Tj
0.5806 0.00001 TD
(ms. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 239.0388 169.1107 Tm
0 g
(J)Tj
0.40394 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(our)Tj
1.34391 0 TD
(nal)Tj
-20.41883 -1.22174 TD
0.025 Tw
[(of De)15(velopmental Entr)37(epr)37(eneur)9(ship)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 195.5682 158.1151 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 200.0233 158.1151 Tm
0 g
(7)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 204.3883 158.1151 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((4),)-260(383-397.)]TJ
-15.82092 -1.62171 TD
(Ro)Tj
1.13699 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(er)Tj
0.74662 0 TD
(s,)Tj
0.81932 0 TD
-0.025 Tw
(C. D)Tj
1.80433 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(.,)Tj
0.68042 0.00001 TD
(Gent,)Tj
2.32902 0.00001 TD
-0.025 Tw
(M. J)Tj
1.69324 0 TD
[(.,)-210(P)15(alumbo,)-211(G. M.,)-210(& and )29(W)80(all,)-210(R.)]TJ
-8.69495 -1.22177 TD
0.181 Tw
[(A. (2001). Understanding the gro)25(wth and viability of)]TJ
0 -1.22171 TD
0.005 Tc
0.456 Tw
(inner city b)Tj
5.50618 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(usinesses. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 163.1453 121.5289 Tm
0 g
(J)Tj
0.42395 0.00001 TD
0.005 Tc
0.456 Tw
[(ournal of De)15(velopmental)]TJ
-10.6623 -1.2217 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(Entr)Tj
1.6807 0 TD
0 Tc
(e)Tj
0.4289 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
[(pr)37(eneur)9(ship)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 131.572 110.5335 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 136.027 110.5335 Tm
0 g
(6)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 140.3921 110.5335 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((3),)Tj
1.61553 0.00001 TD
(237-254.)Tj
-10.3258 -1.6217 TD
0.203 Tw
[(Sa)15(wic)-1(ki,)-437(D. S.,)-438(& Moody)65(,)-438(M. (1996). Deja-vu all o)15(v)15(er)]TJ
1 -1.2217 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.4374 0 TD
-0.007 Tc
0.366 Tw
[(g)4(ain:)-610(Por)-1(ter\325)55(s model of inner)20(-city rede)24(v)15(elopment.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 71 73.9473 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(Re)Tj
1.0098 0 TD
(vie)Tj
1.1056 0 TD
(w)Tj
0.8563 0 Td
(of )Tj
0.9345 0 TD
-0.031 Tw
[(African-American P)79(olitical Economy)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 234.2499 73.9473 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 238.2048 73.9473 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(24)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 246.9348 73.9473 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((2/3),)Tj
-19.5483 -1.2217 TD
(75-84.)Tj
24 70.75082 TD
[(Scharpf)-1(,)-234(F)80(. )30(W)91(. (2002). )18(The European social model:)-234(Coping)]TJ
1 -1.17495 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(w)Tj
0.7069 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.214 Tw
[(ith the challenges of di)25(v)14(ersity)65(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 417.5438 689.1347 Tm
0 g
(J)Tj
0.40395 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.214 Tw
(ournal of Common)Tj
-13.90881 -1.17496 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Mark)10(et Studies)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 348.4779 678.5601 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 352.9329 678.5601 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(40)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 361.663 678.5601 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((4),)-260(645-670.)]TJ
-8.29589 -1.57494 TD
0.107 Tw
[(Schiller)39(,)-342(B. R.,)-342(& Cre)25(wson,)-342(P)111(. E. (1997). Entrepreneurial)]TJ
1 -1.17496 TD
-0.0049 Tc
(o)Tj
0.49514 0.00001 TD
-0.005 Tc
0.365 Tw
[(rigins:)-556(A longitudinal inquiry)65(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 421.4095 653.811 Tm
0 g
-0.0047 Tc
(E)Tj
0.60628 0.00001 TD
-0.005 Tc
0.365 Tw
(conomic Inquiry)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 488.7493 653.811 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 643.2365 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(35)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 304.73 643.2365 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((3),)-260(523-531.)]TJ
-1.97 -1.57495 TD
0.113 Tw
[(Sherman,)-348(H. D. (1999). )55(Assessing the interv)14(ention ef)25(fec-)]TJ
1 -1.17495 TD
0.099 Tw
[(ti)25(v)14(eness of b)20(usiness incubation programs on ne)25(w b)20(usi-)]TJ
T*
0.005 Tc
1.289 Tw
(ness start-ups. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 373.152 607.9128 Tm
0 g
0.005 Tc
1.289 Tw
[(J)25(ournal of De)15(velopmental)]TJ
-8.57244 -1.17495 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
[(Entr)37(epr)37(eneur)9(ship)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 356.572 597.3383 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 361.027 597.3383 Tm
0 g
(4)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 365.3921 597.3383 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[((2),)-260(117-133.)]TJ
-8.71023 -1.57495 TD
0.145 Tw
[(Smith,)-381(J)1(ames P)110(. (1995). Racial and ethnic dif)25(ferences in)]TJ
1 -1.17495 TD
0.051 Tw
[(wealth in the health and retirement surv)15(e)15(y)65(. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 448.3699 572.5891 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.051 Tw
[(The J)25(ournal)]TJ
-16.92999 -1.17494 TD
0.025 Tw
[(of Human Resour)37(ces)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 368.6656 562.0146 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 373.1207 562.0146 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(30)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 381.8507 562.0146 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-260(S158-S183.)]TJ
-10.53897 -1.57495 TD
0.253 Tw
[(T)80(aylor)40(,)-488(M.L. (2000). )18(The ICIC Program:)-433(An e)15(x)15(ecuti)24(v)15(e)]TJ
1 -1.17496 TD
0.074 Tw
[(MB)35(A b)20(usiness sc)-1(hool service-learning program model.)]TJ
0 -1.17495 TD
0.092 Tw
[(In P)111(.C. Godfre)15(y & E.T)74(. Gr)-1(asso (Eds.),)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 435.0736 526.6909 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.092 Tw
[(W)92(orking for the)]TJ
-15.45262 -1.17496 TD
0.061 Tw
(common g)Tj
4.07908 0.00001 TD
[(ood:)-296(Conce)-1(pts and models for service-learn-)]TJ
-4.07908 -1.17495 TD
0.186 Tw
[(ing in mana)10(g)9(ement)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 369.6626 505.5419 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.186 Tw
[((pp. 179-202). )30(W)80(ashington,)-422(D.C.:)]TJ
-8.18473 -1.17497 TD
0 Tw
(AAHE. )Tj
-1 -1.57495 TD
0 Tc
(V)Tj
0.59609 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(edo)Tj
1.38396 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.4701 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(ello,)Tj
1.94273 0 TD
0.033 Tw
[(C. & Godinho,)-268(M. (2003). Business incubator)-1(s)]TJ
-3.39288 -1.17497 TD
0.217 Tw
[(as a technological infrastr)-1(ucture for supporting small)]TJ
0 -1.17495 TD
0.349 Tw
[(inno)15(v)25(ati)24(v)15(e f)20(irms\325)-511(acti)25(vities. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 401.0565 459.6436 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.349 Tw
[(International J)25(ournal of)]TJ
-11.67294 -1.17495 TD
0.12 Tw
[(Entr)37(epr)37(eneur)9(ship and Inno)10(vation Mana)10(g)10(ement)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 462.26 449.069 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 467.5698 449.069 Tm
0 g
(3)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 471.9348 449.069 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((1/2),)Tj
-19.54832 -1.17494 TD
(4.)Tj
-1 -1.57496 TD
0 Tc
(V)Tj
0.59609 0 TD
(e)Tj
0.41396 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.48011 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(a,)Tj
1.07816 0 TD
0.179 Tw
[(G.,)-414(& McHugh,)-415(M.A. (2003). \322What b)20(utton do I)]TJ
-1.56831 -1.17497 TD
0 Tw
(pr)Tj
0.80277 0 TD
(ess?\323)Tj
2.23276 0 TD
0 Tc
(T)Tj
0.59585 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
-0.019 Tw
(he consequences of conducting a ser)Tj
13.9575 0 TD
(vice lear)Tj
3.26003 0 TD
0 Tc
(n)Tj
0.485 0 TD
(-)Tj
-21.33391 -1.17496 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.19 Tw
(ing project with senior citizens. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 415.4195 403.1708 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.19 Tw
[(J)25(ournal of )18(Academic)]TJ
-13.26884 -1.17496 TD
0 Tw
(Ethics)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 317.6834 392.5962 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 322.1385 392.5962 Tm
0 g
(1)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 326.5035 392.5962 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-260(97-117. )]TJ
-4.38928 -1.57494 TD
0.003 Tw
[(W)80(atson,)-238(K.,)-239(Hog)5(arth-Scott,)-239(S.,)-238(& )29(W)40(ilson,)-238(N. (1998). Small)]TJ
1 -1.17495 TD
0.114 Tw
[(b)20(usiness start-ups success f)9(actors and support implica-)]TJ
0 -1.17494 TD
0.008 Tw
(tions. Inter)Tj
4.15999 0 TD
0 Tw
(na)Tj
0.91384 0 TD
(tional )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 363.5393 357.2726 Tm
0 g
(J)Tj
0.40396 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
(our)Tj
1.34391 0 TD
0.008 Tw
(nal of Entr)Tj
4.14777 0 TD
[(epr)37(eneurial Behavior)]TJ
-13.40001 -1.17497 TD
0.025 Tw
(and Resear)Tj
4.36451 0 TD
0 Tc
(c)Tj
0.41396 0 TD
(h)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 343.3712 346.698 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 347.8262 346.698 Tm
0 g
(4)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 352.1912 346.698 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
((3),)Tj
1.61553 0 TD
(217-238.)Tj
-8.859 -1.57496 TD
0.005 Tc
0.656 Tw
[(W)40(ittmer)40(,)-911(D.P)110(. (2004). Business and community:)]TJ
1 -1.17494 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.043 Tw
[(Inte)15(grating service learning in graduate b)20(usiness educa-)]TJ
0 -1.17496 TD
0 Tw
(tion. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 313.916 311.3743 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(J)25(ournal of Business Ethics)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 406.5898 311.3743 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 411.0448 311.3743 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(51)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 419.7748 311.3743 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
[(,)-260(359-371.)]TJ
-14.75276 -1.57494 TD
0.027 Tw
[(W)80(ood,)-232(W)92(. J. (1998). Santa Clara Uni)24(v)15(ersity\325)55(s eastside pro-)]TJ
1 -1.17495 TD
0 Tw
(ject:)Tj
2.10617 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(A)Tj
1.22174 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.28 Tw
[(pilgrimage to)25(w)10(ar)-1(d our o)25(wn humanity)65(. In E.)]TJ
-3.32791 -1.17496 TD
0.001 Tc
0.359 Tw
[(Zlotk)10(o)25(wski (Ed.),)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 368.2661 276.0507 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
0.359 Tw
[(Successful service-learning pr)44(o)1(-)]TJ
-8.02957 -1.17495 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.143 Tw
[(gr)15(ams:)-378(Ne)15(w models of e)19(xcellence in higher education)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 296 254.9016 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.033 Tw
[((pp. 189-209). Bolton,)-202(MA:)-147(Ank)10(er Publishing Compan)14(y)65(.)]TJ
-1 -1.57495 TD
0 Tw
(Zlotk)Tj
2.08174 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.4601 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(wski,)Tj
2.55581 0.00001 TD
0.257 Tw
(E. (1998). )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 374.5099 240.727 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.257 Tw
(Successful ser)Tj
5.68387 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(vice-lear)Tj
3.41774 0 TD
0.257 Tw
(ning pr)Tj
3.02397 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(o)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
(-)Tj
-21.33391 -1.17498 TD
(g)Tj
0.485 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.109 Tw
[(r)15(ams:)-345(Ne)15(w models of e)20(xcellence in higher education)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 488.75 230.1525 Tm
0 g
(.)Tj
-21.41667 -1.17495 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(Bolton,)-260(MA:)-205(Ank)9(er Publishing Compan)15(y)65(.)]TJ
-1 -1.57496 TD
-0.03 Tw
[(Zlotk)10(o)25(wski,)-205(E. (1999). P)-1(edagogy and eng)5(agement. In R. G.)]TJ
1 -1.17495 TD
-0.003 Tw
[(Bringle,)-232(R. Games,)-232(& E. )55(A. Mallo)10(y (Eds.),)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 445.7178 194.8288 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
-0.003 Tw
[(Colle)40(g)9(es and)]TJ
-16.63531 -1.17495 TD
0.243 Tw
[(univer)10(sities as citiz)-1(ens)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 382.3379 184.2543 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.243 Tw
[((pp. 96-120). Needham,)-479(MA:)]TJ
-9.5931 -1.17495 TD
0 Tw
(All)Tj
1.23259 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(yn & Bacon.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
11 0 0 11 371.7771 154.9652 Tm
0 g
(A)Tj
0.70692 0.00001 TD
-0.015 Tc
(uthor)Tj
2.0356 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(s)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 296 137.1907 Tm
0 g
-0.01 Tc
0.198 Tw
[(D)40(A)135(VID E. DESPLA)39(CES,)-438(assistant professor of)]TJ
-0.9 -1.05746 TD
0.308 Tw
[(Management,)-548(is the director of the Institute for)]TJ
0 -1.05745 TD
0 Tw
(Entr)Tj
1.68146 0.00001 TD
-0.011 Tw
[(epreneurship and Economic De)25(v)15(elopment at the)]TJ
-1.68146 -1.05747 TD
0.066 Tw
[(Barne)15(y Sc)-1(hool of Business,)-305(Uni)24(v)15(ersity of Hartf)-1(ord.)]TJ
0 -1.05746 TD
0.256 Tw
[(His research interests include economic de)25(v)14(elop-)]TJ
0 -1.05745 TD
-0.001 Tw
[(ment,)-239(spa)-1(tial allocation of funding for ne)25(w v)15(entures,)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
(ethics educa)Tj
4.81889 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(tion,)Tj
2.02069 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(and c)Tj
2.11273 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(hang)Tj
1.90387 0.00001 TD
-0.0101 Tc
(e)Tj
0.69877 0 Td
-0.01 Tc
(mana)Tj
2.12564 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
(g)Tj
0.49 0.00001 TD
-0.01 Tc
(ement.)Tj
-13.27059 -1.05748 TD
0 Tc
0.051 Tw
[(MARGER)65(Y STEINBERG is the F)15(ounder of the)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 716.2092 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Desplaces et al.)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:10 PM Page 78)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
79 0 obj
<<
/Length 3712
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 481 41.0104 Tm
0 g
(79)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 411.0709 716.2092 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(Human Capital Model)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 62 699.0103 Tm
0 g
0.218 Tw
[(Upper )55(Alban)15(y Micr)-1(o Business Incubator and an)]TJ
0 -1.05 TD
0.295 Tw
[(associate prof)-1(essor of Mark)10(eting at the Barne)15(y)]TJ
-0.0002 Tc
(S)'
0.55576 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.063 Tw
[(chool of Business. Her resear)-1(c)1(h inter)-1(ests include)]TJ
-0.55576 -1.05001 TD
0.199 Tw
[(consumer beha)20(vior)39(,)-449(retail management,)-449(and eco)-1(-)]TJ
0 -1.05 TD
0.025 Tw
[(nomic de)25(v)15(elopment.)]TJ
0.9 -1.05 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(S)Tj
0.55592 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.346 Tw
[(USAN COLEMAN is the )55(Ansle)15(y Chair of)]TJ
-1.45592 -1.05001 TD
0.001 Tw
[(Finance at the Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity of Hartford. Her r)-1(esearch)]TJ
0 -1.05 TD
0.137 Tw
[(interests include access to capital f)-1(or small f)20(irms)]TJ
T*
0.132 Tw
[(and issues af)25(fecting w)10(omen-o)24(wned and minority-)]TJ
0 -1.05001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(o)25(wned small f)20(ir)-1(ms. )]TJ
0.9 -1.05001 TD
0.02 Tc
0.563 Tw
[(AMY KENW)10(OR)59(THY)111(-U\325REN is both the)]TJ
-0.9 -1.05 TD
0 Tc
0.191 Tw
[(Associate Dean \(T)70(eac)-1(hing and Learning\) and an)]TJ
T*
0.02 Tc
0.416 Tw
[(associate professor of Mana)-1(gement at Bond)]TJ
0 -1.05001 TD
0 Tc
0.05 Tw
[(Uni)25(v)15(er)-1(sity)65(. Her research e)15(xamines the rela)-1(tionship)]TJ
T*
-0.004 Tw
[(between entrepreneurs\325)-173(goal-setting tendencies and)]TJ
0 -1.05 TD
-0.03 Tw
[(their performance o)14(v)15(er time,)-220(as well as e)15(xplores the)]TJ
T*
-0.004 Tw
[(impact of e)15(xperiential pedagogical tools on student)]TJ
T*
0 Tw
(learning.)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:10 PM Page 79)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
80 0 obj
<<
/Length 2072
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61.423 42.1096 Tm
0 g
(80)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:10 PM Page 80)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
81 0 obj
<<
/Length 15430
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 480.423 41.7763 Tm
0 g
(81)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 665.0587 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Nora Bacon)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 665.0587 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Ne)-1(br)15(aska \320)]TJ
0 -1 TD
0 Tw
(Omaha)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 642.4841 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Lisa Bardwell)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 642.4841 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(F)55(r)45(ont Rang)10(e Earth F)105(or)36(ce)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 628.4097 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Gerda Bender)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 628.4097 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Pr)36(etoria)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 614.335 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Jay Brandenber)18(ger)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 614.335 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Notr)36(e Dame)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 600.2604 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Robert Bringle)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 600.2604 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Indiana Univer)10(sity Pur)36(due)]TJ
0 -1 TD
[(Univer)10(sity a)-1(t Indianapolis)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 577.6859 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Daniel Butin)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 577.6859 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Gettysb)20(ur)36(g Colle)40(g)10(e)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 563.6113 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Scott Cagenello)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 563.6113 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Rutg)10(er)9(s Univer)10(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 549.5366 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(T)80(on)15(y Chambers)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 549.5366 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of )17(T)92(or)45(onto)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 535.462 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Mark Chesler)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 535.462 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Mic)14(higan)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 521.3875 Tm
0 g
(J)Tj
0.38892 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(erem)-1(y Cohen)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 521.3875 Tm
0 g
(P)Tj
0.531 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ennsylvania State Univer)9(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 507.3129 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Da)20(vid Cooper)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 507.3129 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan State Uni)-1(v)1(er)9(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 493.2383 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Robin Crabtree)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 493.2383 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(F)75(airf)20(ield Univer)9(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 479.1637 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.61084 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(homas Deans)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 479.1637 Tm
0 g
(Uni)Tj
1.49975 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.44385 0 TD
(er)Tj
0.823 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(sity of Connecticut)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 465.0891 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Deborah DeZure)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 465.0891 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan State Uni)-1(v)1(er)9(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 451.0145 Tm
0 g
(Am)Tj
1.49975 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
0.77479 0 Td
0 Tc
(Dr)Tj
1.05491 0 TD
(iscoll)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 451.0145 Tm
0 g
(Car)Tj
1.55591 0 TD
(ne)Tj
0.90406 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(ie F)Tj
1.50254 0 TD
0 Tw
(ounda)Tj
2.5 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(tion f)Tj
2.10849 0.00001 TD
(or the)Tj
-9.071 -1.00002 TD
[(Advancement of )18(T)92(eac)14(hing)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 428.4399 Tm
0 g
(J)Tj
0.38892 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(anet Eyler)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 428.4399 Tm
0 g
(V)Tj
0.5 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(anderbilt Uni)Tj
5.44101 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.44385 0 TD
0 Tw
(er)Tj
0.823 0 TD
(sity)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 414.3654 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Andre)25(w Furco)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 414.3654 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Calif)-1(ornia \320)]TJ
0 -1 TD
0 Tw
(Ber)Tj
1.4436 0 TD
(k)Tj
0.43408 0 TD
(ele)Tj
1.13574 0.00001 TD
(y)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 391.7908 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Sherril Gelmon)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 391.7908 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(P)80(ortland State Univer)9(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 377.7162 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Dwight Giles,)-275(Jr)55(.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 377.7162 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Massac)14(husetts \320)]TJ
0 -1 TD
0 Tw
(Boston)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 355.1416 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Julie Hatcher)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 355.1416 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Indian Univer)10(sity Pur)36(due)]TJ
0 -1 TD
[(Univer)10(sity a)-1(t Indianapolis)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 332.567 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Garry Hesser)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 332.567 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(A)20(ugsb)20(ur)36(g Colle)40(g)10(e)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 318.4924 Tm
0 g
(Barbar)Tj
2.72021 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(a)Tj
0.71882 0 Td
0 Tc
(Holland)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 318.4924 Tm
0 g
(ETR )Tj
2.03476 0 TD
(Associa)Tj
3.11035 0 TD
(tes)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 304.4179 Tm
0 g
(Barbar)Tj
2.72021 0 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(a)Tj
0.71865 0 Td
0 Tc
(Isr)Tj
1.05465 0 TD
(ael)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 304.4179 Tm
0 g
(Uni)Tj
1.49975 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.44385 0 TD
(er)Tj
0.823 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(sity of Mic)Tj
4.25581 0 TD
0 Tw
(hig)Tj
1.27783 0 TD
(an)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 290.3433 Tm
0 g
(Barbar)Tj
2.72021 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(a)Tj
0.71876 0 Td
0 Tc
(Jacoby)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 290.3433 Tm
0 g
(Uni)Tj
1.49975 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ver)10(sity of Maryland)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 276.2687 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Kim Johnson-Bog)5(ar)-1(t)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 276.2687 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of )39(W)92(ashington)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 262.1941 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Susan Jones)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 262.1941 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Mar)-1(yland \320)]TJ
0 -1 TD
0 Tw
(Colle)Tj
2.12671 0.00001 TD
(g)Tj
0.49024 0.00001 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(e)Tj
0.71868 0 Td
0 Tc
[(P)80(ark)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 239.6196 Tm
0 g
(J)Tj
0.38892 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(oseph Kahne)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 239.6196 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Mills Colle)Tj
4.45688 0.00001 TD
-0.01 Tc
0 Tw
(ge)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 225.5449 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Arthur K)24(eene)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 225.5449 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Massac)14(husets \320)]TJ
0 -1 TD
0 Tw
[(Amher)10(st)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 61 202.9703 Tm
0 g
(No)Tj
1.20704 -0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(v)15(ella K)25(eith)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 151 202.9703 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.46411 -0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(emple Univer)10(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 665.0587 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Richard K)24(endrick)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 665.0587 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(State Univer)9(sity of Ne)15(w )75(Y)92(ork at)]TJ
0 -1 TD
0 Tw
(Cortland)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 642.3834 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Richard Kiely)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 642.3834 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Geor)36(gia)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 628.2078 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Christopher K)35(oliba)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 628.2078 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of )34(V)111(ermont)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 614.0323 Tm
0 g
-0.0002 Tc
(M)Tj
0.88876 -0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(ar)18(g)4(arita Lenk)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 614.0323 Tm
0 g
-0.0001 Tc
(C)Tj
0.66694 -0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(olor)15(ado State Univer)9(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 599.8569 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(C. Da)20(vid Lisman)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 599.8569 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Den)39(ver)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 585.6814 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Janet Luce)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 585.6814 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(St. Mary\325)39(s Colle)40(g)10(e (CA))]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 571.506 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Kathleen Maas )29(W)80(eigert)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 571.506 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Geor)37(g)10(eto)-1(wn Univer)10(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 557.3305 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Gre)15(gor)-1(y Markus)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 557.3305 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Mic)14(higan)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 543.1551 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Sam Marullo)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 543.1551 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Geor)37(g)10(eto)-1(wn Univer)10(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 528.9797 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Scott Melanson)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 528.9797 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Gr)37(eenf)19(ield Community Colle)40(g)10(e)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 514.8041 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(A.T)74(. Miller)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 514.8041 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Mic)14(higan)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 500.6287 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Jerry Miller)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 500.6287 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Mic)14(higan)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 486.4532 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Barbara Moely)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 486.4532 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(T)55(ulane Univer)10(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 472.2777 Tm
0 g
(Da)Tj
1.146 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(vid Moor)Tj
3.77452 0 TD
(e)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 472.2777 Tm
0 g
(Ne)Tj
1.09595 0 TD
(w)Tj
0.86703 0 TD
(Y)Tj
0.46412 0 TD
(or)Tj
0.88892 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(k)Tj
0.7188 0 Td
0 Tc
[(Univer)10(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 458.1023 Tm
0 g
(K)Tj
0.69702 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(eith Morton)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 458.1023 Tm
0 g
(Pr)Tj
0.95483 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(o)10(vidence Colle)39(g)10(e)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 443.9268 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Seth Pollack)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 443.9268 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(California State Univer)9(sity \320)]TJ
0 -1 TD
[(Monter)37(e)30(y Bay)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 421.2513 Tm
0 g
(K)Tj
0.69702 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(enneth Rear)Tj
4.82798 0 TD
0 Tw
(don)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 421.2513 Tm
0 g
(Cor)Tj
1.55592 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(nell Uni)Tj
3.27426 0 TD
0 Tw
[(ver)10(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 407.0759 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Richard Redman)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 407.0759 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Mic)14(higan)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 392.9004 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(John Saltmarsh)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 392.9004 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Ne)15(w England Resour)37(ce Center)]TJ
0 -1 TD
(f)Tj
0.27783 0 TD
(or Higher Education )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 370.225 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Lorilee Sandmann)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 370.225 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Geor)36(gia)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 356.0495 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(T)35(imoth)5(y Stanton)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 356.0495 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Stanfor)37(d Univer)9(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 341.874 Tm
0 g
(P)Tj
0.54102 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(amela Steink)Tj
5.20786 0 TD
(e)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 341.874 Tm
0 g
(Nor)Tj
1.55592 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(th Car)Tj
2.56381 0 TD
(olina Sta)Tj
3.60851 0 TD
0 Tw
(te)Tj
-7.72824 -1.00001 TD
[(Univer)10(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 319.1986 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Greig Ste)24(w)10(art)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 319.1986 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Mar)-1(yland)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 305.0231 Tm
0 g
(Rand)Tj
2.11085 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
0.77481 0 Td
0 Tc
(Stoec)Tj
2.22163 0 TD
(k)Tj
0.49023 0 TD
(er)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 305.0231 Tm
0 g
(Uni)Tj
1.49977 0 TD
(v)Tj
0.44384 0 TD
(er)Tj
0.823 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(sity of )Tj
2.67646 0 TD
(W)Tj
0.77784 0 TD
0 Tw
(isconsin)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 290.8477 Tm
0 g
(K)Tj
0.69702 0 TD
(er)Tj
0.77661 0.00001 TD
(r)Tj
0.33276 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
0.77475 0 Td
0 Tc
(Strand)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 290.8477 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Hood Colle)Tj
4.62364 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.49023 0.00001 TD
(e)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 276.6722 Tm
0 g
0.008 Tw
[(Marie T)35(r)1(oppe)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 276.6722 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Community Resear)37(c)15(h &)]TJ
0 -1 TD
(Learning (CoRal) Network)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 253.9967 Tm
0 g
-0.024 Tw
[(Lori V)129(ogelgesang)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 253.9967 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Univer)10(sity of Calif)-1(ornia \320 Los)]TJ
0 -0.99999 TD
0 Tw
[(Ang)10(eles)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 231.3213 Tm
0 g
-0.005 Tw
[(K)25(elly W)79(ard)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 231.3213 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(W)92(ashington State Univer)10(sity)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 217.1459 Tm
0 g
(J)Tj
0.38892 0.00001 TD
(oel )Tj
1.46689 0.00001 TD
(W)Tj
0.86402 0.00001 TD
(estheimer)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 217.1459 Tm
0 g
(Uni)Tj
1.49977 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.44384 0.00001 TD
(er)Tj
0.823 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
(sity of Otta)Tj
4.49385 0.00001 TD
0 Tw
(wa)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 294.0011 202.9704 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Edw)10(ar)-1(d Zlotk)10(o)25(wski)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
8.5 0 0 8.5 384.0011 202.9704 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Bentle)30(y Colle)39(g)10(e)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
14 0 0 14 167.2709 697.2144 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(R)-1(e)16(vie)1(we)-1(r)1(s \321)-499(V)100(olume 13 Number 1)]TJ
ET
0.5 w
0 G
274.8676 670.1718 m
274.8676 203.7688 l
S
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:10 PM Page 81)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
82 0 obj
<<
/Length 11070
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61.423 42.1096 Tm
0 g
(82)Tj
ET
60 637.722 288 70.278 re
f
1 w
0 G
166.906 555 m
348 555 l
S
167.3444 245.8076 m
167.3444 555.4066 l
S
167.062 246.271 m
636 246.271 l
S
Q
q
BT
/F25 1 Tf
48 0 0 48 74.4999 654.1962 Tm
1 g
0.02 Tw
[(CALL FOR P)30(APERS)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
14 0 0 14 205.4918 620.7148 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Mic)15(higan J)24(ournal )]TJ
3.20012 -1.21429 TD
0 Tw
(of )Tj
-5.49559 -1.21428 TD
0.025 Tw
(Community Service Learning)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F26 1 Tf
12 0 0 12 177.8064 563.7148 Tm
0 g
0.024 Tw
[(VOLUME 14 \320 F)37(ALL 06/SPRING 07)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F27 1 Tf
18 0 0 18 182.5 526.8771 Tm
0 g
[(GO)19(ALS)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 209.5 508.1771 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(to widen the comm)Tj
7.51264 -0.00001 TD
[(unity of service-learning educator)-1(s)]TJ
-7.51264 -1.86999 TD
(to sustain the intellectual vig)Tj
11.13209 0 TD
(or of those in this community)Tj
-11.13209 -1.87001 TD
[(to encourage research and pedagogical scholar)-1(ship in service-learning )]TJ
T*
[(to contrib)19(ute to the academic le)15(gitimac)15(y of service-learning)]TJ
0 -1.87 TD
[(to increase the number of students and f)9(aculty who ha)20(v)15(e a chance to)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
[(e)15(xperience the ric)-1(h learning benef)20(its that accrue to service-lear)-1(ning)]TJ
T*
(participants. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F27 1 Tf
18 0 0 18 182.5 364.3771 Tm
0 g
(SEEKS)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 209.5 345.6771 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(pa)Tj
0.91385 0 TD
(per)Tj
1.23161 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(s)Tj
0.63387 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
(on r)Tj
1.54782 0 TD
0 Tw
(esear)Tj
1.97822 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ch,)-260(theory)65(,)-260(pedagogy)65(,)-260(and other matter)-1(s pertinent to)]TJ
-6.30537 -1.15001 TD
(academic ser)Tj
5.03544 0 TD
0 Tw
(vice-lear)Tj
3.36159 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(ning in higher educa)Tj
7.96666 0 TD
(tion that:)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F11 1 Tf
7 0 0 7 209.5 315.4771 Tm
0 g
(n)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 218.5 315.4771 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(per)Tj
1.23161 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(tain to the de)Tj
5.03298 0 TD
0 Tc
(v)Tj
0.47011 0 TD
-0.015 Tc
0 Tw
(elopment,)Tj
4.0962 0 TD
(implementa)Tj
4.57071 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(tion,)-260(and ref)19(inement )]TJ
-15.40161 -1.15001 TD
(of ser)Tj
2.1833 0 TD
0 Tw
(vice-lear)Tj
3.36158 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(ning cour)Tj
3.69445 0 TD
[(ses and initiati)24(v)15(es)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F11 1 Tf
7 0 0 7 209.5 290.6771 Tm
0 g
(n)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 218.5 290.6771 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(e)15(xtend the kno)25(wledge base in the f)19(ield )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F11 1 Tf
7 0 0 7 209.5 277.3771 Tm
0 g
(n)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 218.5 277.3771 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
(suppor)Tj
2.63168 0 TD
-0.0151 Tc
(t)Tj
0.5228 0 Td
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(and increase the sophistication of practitioners\325)-187(w)10(ork)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F11 1 Tf
7 0 0 7 209.5 264.0771 Tm
0 g
(n)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 218.5 264.0771 Tm
0 g
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(go be)15(yond description to critical anal)-1(ysis)]TJ
ET
167.312 527.061 11.507 10.868 re
f
167.341 365.021 11.475 10.869 re
f
3 w
0 G
349.204 556.011 80.429 80.5061 re
s
347.704 554.511 83.429 42.823 re
f
1 g
372.956 599.4271 m
375.589 587.6641 l
375.626 587.379 376.219 585.7231 375.404 585.7231 c
375.07 585.7231 374.847 586.351 374.773 586.694 c
371.658 595.487 367.876 597.657 365.317 597.657 c
357.827 597.657 357.382 581.155 357.382 577.101 c
357.382 568.079 358.828 557.744 366.096 557.744 c
369.656 557.744 373.735 560.942 374.847 566.366 c
375.737 569.621 376.405 567.6221 376.405 567.28 c
376.405 566.88 374.588 556.26 365.911 556.26 c
353.97 556.26 351.263 571.106 351.263 577.6151 c
351.263 589.663 356.751 599.1411 364.761 599.1411 c
366.318 599.1411 367.95 598.741 369.433 598.056 c
369.73 597.942 370.286 597.771 370.546 597.771 c
372.215 597.771 371.695 600.797 372.363 600.797 c
372.734 600.797 372.882 599.769 372.956 599.4271 c
h
396.419 599.655 m
399.385 588.349 l
400.053 586.294 399.385 585.323 398.384 587.778 c
396.233 593.089 392.488 597.657 388.891 597.657 c
385.998 597.657 383.069 595.829 383.069 590.691 c
383.069 579.67 401.128 586.065 401.128 570.306 c
401.128 561.456 395.788 556.26 390.485 556.26 c
387.964 556.26 386.072 556.9451 385.479 556.9451 c
383.106 556.9451 383.328 553.405 382.661 553.405 c
382.327 553.405 382.03 554.889 381.993 555.061 c
378.174 568.022 l
377.469 569.9061 378.063 571.4481 378.878 569.278 c
382.03 560.713 387.185 557.744 390.522 557.744 c
393.563 557.744 396.53 560.2571 396.53 565.396 c
396.53 576.5301 378.471 570.592 378.471 586.2371 c
378.471 594.573 383.959 599.1411 388.817 599.1411 c
390.782 599.1411 392.71 598.1131 393.786 598.1131 c
394.824 598.1131 395.121 598.856 395.269 599.5981 c
395.417 600.283 395.417 601.025 395.788 601.025 c
396.122 601.025 396.307 599.998 396.419 599.655 c
h
407.317 566.823 m
407.317 588.5781 l
407.317 593.603 407.168 596.629 403.275 596.629 c
402.496 596.629 402.014 596.629 402.014 597.428 c
402.014 598.1131 402.644 598.1131 402.941 598.1131 c
417.44 598.1131 l
417.811 598.1131 418.553 598.228 418.553 597.428 c
418.553 596.8 418.145 596.629 417.848 596.629 c
417.106 596.629 l
413.917 596.629 412.768 595.6581 412.768 588.5781 c
412.768 566.823 l
412.768 560.2 413.954 558.772 417.811 558.772 c
421.779 558.772 425.376 562.826 427.193 568.136 c
427.341 568.65 427.86 570.535 428.305 570.535 c
428.75 570.535 428.899 570.0781 428.454 568.65 c
424.671 554.7181 l
424.412 553.005 423.707 553.234 423.633 554.0901 c
423.225 556.431 423.04 557.288 417.959 557.288 c
403.237 557.288 l
402.941 557.288 402.31 557.288 402.31 557.9731 c
402.31 558.772 402.792 558.772 403.571 558.772 c
407.168 558.772 407.317 561.7981 407.317 566.823 c
f*
0 g
378.547 634.204 m
373.495 620.215 l
373.68 619.245 374.19 618.559 374.978 618.16 c
375.766 617.76 375.858 617.303 375.071 616.561 c
373.819 615.362 372.614 614.163 371.038 611.308 c
367.238 604.456 367.516 600.687 366.45 600.687 c
365.662 600.687 365.477 602.2291 365.291 602.914 c
356.671 631.4641 l
356.578 631.4641 l
356.578 612.8491 l
356.578 603.085 359.961 598.575 363.206 598.004 c
363.576 597.947 364.04 597.775 364.04 597.261 c
364.04 596.348 363.159 596.348 362.649 596.348 c
349.255 596.348 l
348.884 596.348 348.328 596.348 348.328 597.09 c
348.328 597.832 348.884 597.947 349.348 598.004 c
351.897 598.575 355.327 603.2001 355.234 618.616 c
355.234 627.524 l
355.234 634.833 353.983 635.518 352.036 635.518 c
351.572 635.518 350.877 635.5751 350.877 636.317 c
350.877 637.174 351.619 637.174 352.082 637.174 c
368.814 637.174 l
370.343 637.174 369.138 635.689 369.138 634.7181 c
369.138 633.691 369.926 631.064 370.297 630.036 c
372.8 621.928 l
377.898 635.5751 l
378.361 636.831 378.361 637.174 379.566 637.174 c
395.417 637.174 l
395.834 637.174 396.622 637.174 396.622 636.317 c
396.622 635.518 396.02 635.518 395.556 635.518 c
392.59 635.518 392.312 634.89 392.312 620.672 c
392.312 612.8491 l
392.312 598.632 392.59 598.004 395.556 598.004 c
396.02 598.004 396.622 598.004 396.622 597.204 c
396.622 596.348 395.834 596.348 395.417 596.348 c
375.441 596.348 l
374.932 596.348 374.329 596.348 374.329 597.147 c
374.329 598.004 375.349 598.004 375.766 598.004 c
377.017 598.004 378.639 598.3461 378.639 612.8491 c
378.639 634.033 l
378.547 634.204 l
h
411.401 607.311 m
411.401 620.672 l
411.401 634.833 411.308 635.518 408.342 635.518 c
407.739 635.518 406.163 635.518 406.163 636.317 c
406.163 637.174 406.673 637.174 407.137 637.174 c
428.178 637.174 l
428.596 637.174 429.337 637.174 429.337 636.317 c
429.337 635.518 428.735 635.518 428.271 635.518 c
425.212 635.518 425.073 635.2891 425.073 620.672 c
425.073 607.71 l
425.073 605.94 425.212 595.32 409.454 595.32 c
398.423 595.32 394.762 601.886 394.762 608.795 c
394.762 613.478 397.311 617.9881 401.343 617.9881 c
405.144 617.9881 407.508 614.334 407.508 609.8231 c
407.508 605.198 405.051 603.485 402.919 602.971 c
398.933 601.544 402.224 597.376 405.607 597.376 c
411.169 597.376 411.401 601.2581 411.401 607.311 c
f*
Q
q
BT
/F25 1 Tf
18 0 0 18 169 201.563 Tm
0 g
0.02 Tw
(Manuscript Review Process)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F28 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 169 181.063 Tm
0 g
-0.013 Tc
0.021 Tw
[(1.)-302(A one-page abstract or pr\216cis is due by December 20, 2006 by e-mail, fax, or mail. Invitations to )]TJ
0.9 -1.15 TD
[(submit a complete paper will be e-mailed in Januar)-18(y)55(.)]TJ
-0.9 -1.51 TD
[(2.)-302(Complete papers are due the last Monday in March. T)50(o insure that we are able to retur)-8(n your paper)]TJ
0.9 -1.15 TD
(when reviews are completed, please include in the cover letter your mail address and e-mail address for)Tj
T*
(the months of June and July)Tj
7.79374 0 TD
0 Tc
(.)Tj
-8.69374 -1.51001 TD
-0.013 Tc
0 Tw
(3.)Tj
0.9 0.00001 TD
0.021 Tw
(Papers will be retur)Tj
5.29726 0.00001 TD
[(ned with peer reviewer comments in July)55(.)]TJ
-6.19726 -1.51001 TD
[(4.)-302(Accepted papers needing additional author attention will be due back to the editor by mid-August.)]TJ
0 -1.51 TD
0 Tw
(5.)Tj
0.9 0.00001 TD
0.021 Tw
(Authors of accepted papers will receive a complimentar)Tj
15.16333 0.00001 TD
-0.0126 Tc
(y)Tj
0.53554 0 Td
-0.013 Tc
[(copy of the Jour)-8(nal.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:10 PM Page 82)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
83 0 obj
<<
/Length 13450
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 480.423 41.7763 Tm
0 g
(83)Tj
ET
1 w
0 G
131.5022 246.4558 m
131.5022 707.9998 l
S
492.0005 708 m
130.9445 708 l
S
Q
q
BT
/F11 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 142 622.4335 Tm
0 g
-0.0002 Tc
(n)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 160 622.4335 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(A)74(v)20(oid the use of \322v)19(olunteer\323)-275(or \322v)20(oluntary)65(.)69-274(\322Comm)-1(unity service,)70-275(\322service-learn-)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
[(ing,)70-275(or \322community service lear)-1(ning\323)-275(are pref)-1(erable.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F11 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 142 593.2335 Tm
0 g
-0.0002 Tc
(n)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 160 593.2335 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Manuscripts must be well wr)-1(itten and between 15 and 25 pages long,)-275(using )18(T)35(imes)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
[(Ne)25(w Roman 12 pt. font. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F11 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 142 564.0335 Tm
0 g
-0.0002 Tc
(n)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 160 564.0335 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Submit three hard copies and an electronic cop)9(y by the last Monday in March. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F11 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 142 545.8335 Tm
0 g
-0.0002 Tc
(n)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 160 545.8335 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Do not submit manuscripts under consideration by another publica)-1(tion.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F11 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 142 527.6335 Tm
0 g
-0.0002 Tc
(n)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 160 527.6335 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Use )55(AP)91(A style,)-275(which is contained in )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F2 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 304.8421 527.6335 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(The Publication Manual of the )18(Amer)-1(ican)]TJ
-15.24655 -1.15789 TD
0.007 Tw
[(Psyc)15(holo)9(gical Association)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 260.3516 516.6335 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(,)-275(a)20(v)25(ailable fr)-1(om Order Department,)-220(AP)91(A,)-275(P)111(.O. Box 2710,)]TJ
-10.56334 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(Hy)Tj
1.22193 0.00001 TD
0.025 Tw
[(attsville,)-275(MD 20784. )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 255.9361 505.6335 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
0.025 Tw
(In par)Tj
2.71958 0.00001 TD
[(ticular)93(,)-274(please f)26(ollo)11(w )55(A)-1(P)75(A r)19(e)-1(fe)-1(r)19(ence style)1(,)-274(both in)]TJ
-12.81812 -1.1579 TD
[(the te)1(xt and in the r)18(e)-1(f)1(e)-1(r)18(ence list,)-274(onl)2(y include cita)1(tions in the r)19(e)-1(fe)-1(r)19(ence section)]TJ
T*
[(tha)1(t ar)19(e cited in te)1(xt,)-274(and place f)25(ootnotes a)1(t the end of the pa)1(per under)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(\322Notes\323)Tj
3.66245 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(\(see #8 belo)Tj
4.9272 0 TD
0.0008 Tc
(w\))Tj
1.33054 0 Td
(r)Tj
0.44301 0 TD
0 Tc
(a)Tj
0.5 0 TD
0.001 Tc
(ther than a)Tj
4.77095 0 TD
0.0007 Tc
(t)Tj
0.60849 0 Td
0.001 Tc
(the bottom of the pa)Tj
8.7072 0 TD
0 Tw
(ges.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F11 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 142 454.4335 Tm
0 g
-0.0002 Tc
(n)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 160 454.4335 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Place each f)20(igur)-1(e and/or table on a separate page at the end of the te)15(xt of the paper)39(,)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
(and inc)Tj
2.94054 0.00001 TD
[(lude in the narrati)25(v)15(e of the manuscr)-1(ipt where you w)10(ould lik)10(e to place the)]TJ
-2.94054 -1.1579 TD
[(table or f)19(igure \(e.g PLA)40(CE FIGURE 1 HERE\). Final placement may be inf)-1(luenced)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
(b)Tj
0.5 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
0.7749 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(pa)Tj
0.94396 0 TD
(g)Tj
0.5 0 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(e)Tj
0.71868 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
(lay-out requirements.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F11 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 142 403.2335 Tm
0 g
-0.0002 Tc
(n)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 160 403.2335 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Use italics rather than underlines,)-275(both in the te)15(xt and in the ref)-1(erences section. )29(W)80(e)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
(do not use underlines at all in the MJCSL.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F11 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 142 374.0335 Tm
0 g
-0.0002 Tc
(n)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 160 374.0335 Tm
0 g
(W)Tj
0.94385 0 TD
(her)Tj
1.27661 0 TD
-0.0002 Tc
(e)Tj
0.71869 0 Td
(a)Tj
0.444 0 TD
0 Tc
(pplica)Tj
2.44336 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(ble,)-275(research data must be recent.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F11 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 142 355.8335 Tm
0 g
-0.0002 Tc
(n)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 160 355.8335 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Include an abstract tha)-1(t is a fe)25(w sentences in length located between the title and)]TJ
0 -1.1579 TD
[(the be)15(ginning of the te)15(xt.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F11 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 142 326.6335 Tm
0 g
-0.0002 Tc
(n)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 160 326.6335 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(F)15(or consistenc)15(y throughout the Journal,)-276(use \322service-learning\323)-275(with a h)5(yphen or)]TJ
0 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(\322comm)Tj
2.94336 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(unity ser)Tj
3.4962 0 TD
(vice lear)Tj
3.43882 0 TD
0 Tw
(ning\323)Tj
2.49668 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(without a h)Tj
4.54438 0 TD
0 Tw
(yphen.)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F11 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 142 297.4335 Tm
0 g
-0.0002 Tc
(n)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 160 297.4335 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(F)15(ollo)25(w the end of the paper with )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 290.2614 297.4335 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
(Notes)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 315.5547 297.4335 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(\(ackno)25(wledgements and/or f)-1(ootnotes which)]TJ
-16.37419 -1.15789 TD
0 Tw
(ar)Tj
0.77661 0 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.71874 0 Td
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(identif)20(ied by r)-1(aised numbers\),)-275(then )]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 310.2661 286.4335 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
(Ref)Tj
1.49854 0 TD
[(e)-1(r)19(ences)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 354.3915 286.4335 Tm
0 g
(,)Tj
0.525 0 TD
0.025 Tw
(and then )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 394.6765 286.4335 Tm
0 g
(A)Tj
0.67213 0 TD
0.001 Tc
(uthor)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 426.3643 286.4335 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(\(a f)Tj
1.38437 0 TD
[(e)25(w sen-)]TJ
-29.42273 -1.1579 TD
(tences of bio)Tj
5.15889 0.00001 TD
[(graphical sk)10(etch\).)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F11 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 142 257.2336 Tm
0 g
-0.0002 Tc
(n)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
9.5 0 0 9.5 160 257.2336 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Contact the Editor if y)Tj
9.04191 0.00001 TD
(ou ha)Tj
2.19908 0.00001 TD
(v)Tj
0.4851 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(e)Tj
0.71879 0 Td
0 Tc
0 Tw
(an)Tj
0.92902 0.00001 TD
-0.0001 Tc
(y)Tj
0.77489 0 Td
0 Tc
(questions. )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F25 1 Tf
48 0 0 48 179.9613 658.168 Tm
0 g
0.02 Tw
[(P)30(APER GUIDELINES)]TJ
ET
131.502 657.482 43.474 39.522 re
f
Q
q
BT
/F26 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 298.6439 152.123 Tm
0 g
0.024 Tw
(Jeffrey Howard, Editor)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F28 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 298.6439 139.123 Tm
0 g
0.021 Tw
(MJCSL \245 University of Michigan)Tj
0 -1.3 TD
[(1024 Hill Street \245 Ann Arbor)42(, MI 48109-3310)]TJ
T*
((734) 647-7402 \245 (734) 647-7464 (fax))Tj
T*
0 Tw
(jphoward@umich.edu)Tj
ET
3 w
0 G
232.528 101.255 57.722 56.928 re
s
231.028 99.755 60.722 30.733 re
f
1 g
249.407 131.989 m
251.324 123.548 l
251.351 123.3431 251.782 122.1551 251.189 122.1551 c
250.946 122.1551 250.784 122.606 250.73 122.8511 c
248.463 129.162 245.71 130.719 243.847 130.719 c
238.396 130.719 238.072 118.8771 238.072 115.967 c
238.072 109.493 239.124 102.076 244.414 102.076 c
247.005 102.076 249.974 104.371 250.784 108.263 c
251.432 110.599 251.917 109.165 251.917 108.919 c
251.917 108.6321 250.595 101.0101 244.279 101.0101 c
235.589 101.0101 233.618 111.665 233.618 116.336 c
233.618 124.982 237.613 131.784 243.443 131.784 c
244.576 131.784 245.764 131.498 246.843 131.006 c
247.059 130.924 247.464 130.8011 247.653 130.8011 c
248.868 130.8011 248.49 132.9731 248.976 132.9731 c
249.245 132.9731 249.353 132.235 249.407 131.989 c
h
266.484 132.153 m
268.643 124.04 l
269.129 122.565 268.643 121.868 267.914 123.6301 c
266.349 127.441 263.623 130.719 261.005 130.719 c
258.9 130.719 256.768 129.4081 256.768 125.72 c
256.768 117.811 269.912 122.4011 269.912 111.0911 c
269.912 104.739 266.025 101.0101 262.166 101.0101 c
260.33 101.0101 258.954 101.502 258.522 101.502 c
256.795 101.502 256.957 98.962 256.471 98.962 c
256.228 98.962 256.012 100.027 255.985 100.1501 c
253.205 109.4521 l
252.692 110.8041 253.124 111.91 253.718 110.3531 c
256.012 104.207 259.763 102.076 262.193 102.076 c
264.406 102.076 266.565 103.879 266.565 107.5671 c
266.565 115.557 253.421 111.2961 253.421 122.524 c
253.421 128.506 257.415 131.784 260.951 131.784 c
262.382 131.784 263.785 131.047 264.568 131.047 c
265.323 131.047 265.539 131.5801 265.647 132.112 c
265.755 132.604 265.755 133.1371 266.025 133.1371 c
266.268 133.1371 266.403 132.399 266.484 132.153 c
h
274.416 108.591 m
274.416 124.204 l
274.416 127.81 274.308 129.981 271.474 129.981 c
270.907 129.981 270.556 129.981 270.556 130.555 c
270.556 131.047 271.015 131.047 271.231 131.047 c
281.784 131.047 l
282.054 131.047 282.594 131.1291 282.594 130.555 c
282.594 130.104 282.297 129.981 282.081 129.981 c
281.541 129.981 l
279.22 129.981 278.383 129.285 278.383 124.204 c
278.383 108.591 l
278.383 103.838 279.247 102.813 282.054 102.813 c
284.942 102.813 287.56 105.7231 288.882 109.5341 c
288.99 109.9031 289.368 111.2551 289.692 111.2551 c
290.016 111.2551 290.124 110.9271 289.8 109.9031 c
287.047 99.904 l
286.858 98.675 286.345 98.8391 286.291 99.453 c
285.994 101.133 285.86 101.748 282.162 101.748 c
271.447 101.748 l
271.231 101.748 270.772 101.748 270.772 102.24 c
270.772 102.813 271.123 102.813 271.69 102.813 c
274.308 102.813 274.416 104.985 274.416 108.591 c
f*
0 g
253.476 156.9481 m
249.799 146.9081 l
249.934 146.212 250.305 145.72 250.879 145.433 c
251.452 145.146 251.52 144.818 250.946 144.2861 c
250.035 143.425 249.158 142.565 248.011 140.516 c
245.245 135.5981 245.448 132.894 244.672 132.894 c
244.098 132.894 243.964 134 243.829 134.4921 c
237.554 154.9811 l
237.487 154.9811 l
237.487 141.622 l
237.487 134.6151 239.949 131.378 242.311 130.968 c
242.58 130.927 242.918 130.804 242.918 130.435 c
242.918 129.7801 242.277 129.7801 241.906 129.7801 c
232.157 129.7801 l
231.887 129.7801 231.482 129.7801 231.482 130.312 c
231.482 130.845 231.887 130.927 232.224 130.968 c
234.08 131.378 236.576 134.6971 236.509 145.761 c
236.509 152.153 l
236.509 157.3981 235.598 157.8901 234.181 157.8901 c
233.844 157.8901 233.338 157.9311 233.338 158.464 c
233.338 159.078 233.877 159.078 234.215 159.078 c
246.392 159.078 l
247.505 159.078 246.628 158.013 246.628 157.316 c
246.628 156.579 247.202 154.694 247.472 153.956 c
249.293 148.138 l
253.004 157.9311 l
253.341 158.833 253.341 159.078 254.218 159.078 c
265.755 159.078 l
266.059 159.078 266.632 159.078 266.632 158.464 c
266.632 157.8901 266.194 157.8901 265.856 157.8901 c
263.697 157.8901 263.495 157.4391 263.495 147.2361 c
263.495 141.622 l
263.495 131.4191 263.697 130.968 265.856 130.968 c
266.194 130.968 266.632 130.968 266.632 130.394 c
266.632 129.7801 266.059 129.7801 265.755 129.7801 c
251.216 129.7801 l
250.845 129.7801 250.407 129.7801 250.407 130.3531 c
250.407 130.968 251.149 130.968 251.452 130.968 c
252.363 130.968 253.544 131.214 253.544 141.622 c
253.544 156.8251 l
253.476 156.9481 l
h
277.388 137.647 m
277.388 147.2361 l
277.388 157.3981 277.321 157.8901 275.162 157.8901 c
274.724 157.8901 273.577 157.8901 273.577 158.464 c
273.577 159.078 273.948 159.078 274.285 159.078 c
289.6 159.078 l
289.903 159.078 290.443 159.078 290.443 158.464 c
290.443 157.8901 290.005 157.8901 289.667 157.8901 c
287.441 157.8901 287.34 157.7261 287.34 147.2361 c
287.34 137.934 l
287.34 136.664 287.441 129.042 275.972 129.042 c
267.943 129.042 265.278 133.7541 265.278 138.713 c
265.278 142.073 267.134 145.31 270.068 145.31 c
272.834 145.31 274.555 142.688 274.555 139.45 c
274.555 136.131 272.767 134.902 271.215 134.5331 c
268.314 133.509 270.709 130.5171 273.172 130.5171 c
277.22 130.5171 277.388 133.3041 277.388 137.647 c
f*
1 w
-336.938 246.271 m
132 246.271 l
S
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:10 PM Page 83)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
84 0 obj
<<
/Length 6865
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61.423 42.1096 Tm
0 g
(84)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F29 1 Tf
90 0 0 90 70 640.5986 Tm
0 g
-0.104 Tc
[(O)-26(CSL)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F30 1 Tf
87 0 0 87 286.0192 640.5986 Tm
0 g
0.023 Tc
(PRESS)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F31 1 Tf
26 0 0 26 300.635 615.5986 Tm
0 g
0.028 Tw
(Publications List)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F32 1 Tf
12 0 0 12 142.6731 94.5986 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(PLEASE COMPLETE ORDER FORM ON THE NEXT P)37(AGE)]TJ
ET
1 w
0 G
61 598.5 m
491 598.5 l
S
Q
q
BT
/F33 1 Tf
13 0 0 13 61 577.984 Tm
0 g
0.024 Tw
[(Mic)6(higan Jour)-10(nal of Community Ser)-18(vice Lear)-10(ning)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F34 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 562.884 Tm
0 g
0.202 Tw
[(National )-15(peer)37(-)1(r)19(eviewed )-15(academic )-15(journal )-15(containing)-450(p)15(a)15(p)15(e)15(r)15(s)15( w)15(r)15(i)15(t)15(t)15(e)15(n)15( b)15(y)15( f)15(a)15(c)15(u)15(l)15(t)15(y)15( a)15(n)15(d)15( s)15(e)15(r)15(v)15(i)15(c)15(e)-22(-)15(l)25(e)25(a)25(r)25(n)25(i)25(n)25(g)25( )10(e)25(d)25(u)25(c)25(a)25(t)25(o)25(r)25(s)25( )10(o)25(n)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
-0.015 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(r)29(e)10(s)10(e)10(a)10(r)28(c)10(h)10(,)10( )10(t)10(h)10(e)10(o)10(r)10(y)61(,)10( )10(p)10(e)10(d)10(a)10(g)10(o)10(g)10(y)61(,)-248(and issues pertinent to the service)-37(-learning community)51(. Editor)102(, Jeffr)19(ey Howar)18(d.)]TJ
ET
1 w
0 G
104.116 528.9 m
491 528.9 l
S
Q
q
BT
/F33 1 Tf
13 0 0 13 104.1156 508.384 Tm
0 g
0.024 Tw
[(\322I Lik)6(e My Ser)-18(vice )37(W)17(ell Done!\323:)-240(Resour)6(ces for Incorpor)6(ating Education into )]TJ
-3.31658 -1.23077 TD
[(Co-Curricular Ser)-18(vice &)-240(Social )37(Action Prog)-6(r)6(ams)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F34 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 477.284 Tm
0 g
0.059 Tw
[(F)56(or years the Ginsber)18(g Center staff has had the good fortune of working with students who ar)19(e tr)18(emendously pas-)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
-0.006 Tw
[(sionate about their involvement in service and social justice. Ther)18(e is tr)19(emendous variety in their involvement and yet)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.034 Tw
(they all have something in common: their work would be enhanced by incorporating intentional learning to comple-)Tj
0 -1.15 TD
0.025 Tw
(ment their community service.)Tj
1.8 -1.51 TD
0.018 Tw
(This service)Tj
4.44876 0 TD
(-learning r)Tj
3.90921 0 TD
0 Tw
(esour)Tj
1.95996 0 TD
0.018 Tw
(ce book is for university)Tj
8.77331 0 TD
0 Tw
(-sponsor)Tj
3.10522 0 TD
0.018 Tw
(ed co)Tj
1.94998 0 TD
(-)Tj
0.36768 0 TD
(curricular service)Tj
6.47561 0 TD
[(-learning pr)18(ograms, student)]TJ
-32.78973 -1.15003 TD
-0.007 Tw
[(o)1(r)19(ganizations involved in the community and their advisors, and others invested in building students' capacity for ser-)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.025 Tw
[(vice and learning)37(.)]TJ
1.8 -1.51 TD
0 Tw
(Sections:)Tj
0 -1.15 TD
0.025 Tw
(Education about Social Issues)Tj
T*
(Education about Entering and Exiting Communities and Becoming an Ally)Tj
T*
(Education about Leadership)Tj
T*
[(Education thr)19(ough R)18(eflection)]TJ
T*
[(Education about Civic and Global R)18(esponsibility)]TJ
T*
(Education about P)Tj
6.97578 0 TD
(rivilege, Diversity)Tj
6.40074 0 TD
-0.0003 Tc
(,)Tj
0.52026 0 Td
0 Tc
(and Multiculturalism)Tj
-13.89677 -3.02001 TD
(Edited by Anita Bohn and James DeV)Tj
14.25011 0 TD
0 Tw
(aney)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F35 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 277 290.384 Tm
0 g
($15.00)Tj
7.2 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(Spiral Bound)-5032(126 pages)]TJ
ET
1 w
0 G
61 267.9 m
491 267.9 l
S
Q
q
BT
/F33 1 Tf
13 0 0 13 61 247.384 Tm
0 g
0.024 Tw
(Engaging the )Tj
5.28335 0 TD
[(Whole of Ser)-18(vice-Lear)-10(ning)18(,)-227(Diversity)74(,)-227(and Lear)-10(ning Communities)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F34 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61 232.284 Tm
0 g
(Service)Tj
2.68164 0 TD
0.017 Tw
[(-learning)37(, multicultural learning)37(, and learning commuities ar)18(e amongst today)18(\325s most pr)19(ominent higher educa-)]TJ
-2.68164 -1.15001 TD
0.179 Tw
[(tion innovations. Most institutions tr)18(eat these separately)51(. This book is about the integration of all thr)18(ee at the)]TJ
0 -1.15 TD
0.084 Tw
[(University of Michigan)55(\325s e)1(xemplary Michigan Community Scholars P)36(r)19(ogram. V)111(oices include national leaders, and)]TJ
T*
0.173 Tw
[(faculty)51(, students, staff)37(, and community partners at this living)18(-learning pr)18(ogram. Editors: Joseph Galura, P)74(enny)]TJ
T*
0.025 Tw
[(P)93(asque, David Schoem, Jeffr)19(ey Howar)18(d.)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F35 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 277 171.1839 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[($10.00)-4475(Softbound)-6106(238 pages)]TJ
ET
103.1016 525.5917 m
104.2171 519.2635 93.7466 512.1284 79.715 509.655 c
65.6835 507.1815 53.4044 510.3063 52.2889 516.6345 c
51.1733 522.9627 61.6438 530.0978 75.6754 532.5714 c
89.7069 535.0447 101.986 531.9199 103.1016 525.5917 c
f*
Q
q
BT
/F36 1 Tf
11.8176 2.0832 -2.0832 11.8176 62.6343 513.4778 Tm
1 g
-0.028 Tc
(N)Tj
0.805 0 TD
(E)Tj
0.583 0 TD
(W)Tj
0.972 0 TD
(!)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F29 1 Tf
14 0 0 14 74.7747 615.0656 Tm
0 g
0.01 Tc
0.026 Tw
(UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:10 PM Page 84)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
85 0 obj
<<
/Length 8827
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 480.423 41.7763 Tm
0 g
(85)Tj
ET
0.5 w
0 G
60.25 60.25 431.5 256.601 re
s
Q
q
BT
/F32 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 578.7501 Tm
0 g
-0.0001 Tc
(M)Tj
0.77792 0.00001 TD
0 Tc
0.025 Tw
[(ichigan Journal of Community Ser)-18(vice Learning)-9722(# of Copies)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F11 1 Tf
8.6 0 0 8.6 60.96 566.4 Tm
1 g
(n)Tj
ET
q
0.24 w
BT
/F11 1 Tf
8.6 0 0 8.6 60.96 566.4 Tm
1 Tr
0 G
(n)Tj
ET
Q
Q
q
BT
/F39 1 Tf
8.6 0 0 8.6 79 566.4501 Tm
0 g
0.022 Tw
[(Y)55(es! I would like to order the upcoming V)18(olume 13 \(Fall 2006,)-222(Winter 2007\).)-2651(________)-1047(X)-1308($20.00 ($26.00 for institutions))]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F32 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 554.8387 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(Past Issues)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F39 1 Tf
8.6 0 0 8.6 79 544.3387 Tm
0 g
0.022 Tw
[(V)18(ol. 1 (Fall 1994))-23335(________)-1046(X)-1308($10.00)]TJ
0 -1.2093 TD
[(V)18(ol. 2 (Fall 1995))-23335(________)-1046(X)-1308($10.00)]TJ
0 -1.20931 TD
[(V)18(ol. 3 (Fall 1996) )-23091(________)-1046(X)-1308($13.00)]TJ
0 -1.20929 TD
[(V)18(ol. 4 (Fall 1997))-23335(________)-1046(X)-1308($13.00)]TJ
0 -1.20931 TD
[(V)18(ol. 5 (Fall 1998))-23335(________)-1046(X)-1308($14.00)]TJ
0 -1.2093 TD
(V)Tj
0.48219 0.00001 TD
[(ol. 6 (Fall 1999))-23335(________)-1046(X)-1308($14.00 ($20.00 for institutions))]TJ
-0.48219 -1.20931 TD
[(Special Issue:)-222(Strategic Directions for Ser)-18(vice-Learning Reasearch )-6127(________)-1046(X)-1308($15.00 ($21.00 for institutions))]TJ
0 -1.2093 TD
(V)Tj
0.48219 0 TD
(ol. 7 (Fall 2000))Tj
29.00618 0 TD
0 Tw
(________)Tj
5.04651 0 TD
(X)Tj
1.80799 0 TD
0.022 Tw
($15.00 ($21.00 for institutions))Tj
-36.34287 -1.20932 TD
(V)Tj
0.48219 0 TD
[(ol. 8 (Fall 2001 & Winter 2002))-17940(________)-1046(X)-1308($16.00 ($22.00 for institutions))]TJ
-0.48219 -1.2093 TD
[(Special Issue: Ser)-18(vice-Learning Course Design W)18(orkbook)-9222(________)-1047(X)-1308($12.00 )]TJ
0 -1.20932 TD
[(V)18(ol. 9 \(Fall, 2002,)-222(Winter 2003, Special Issue on CBR\))-10344(________)-1047(X)-1308($16.00 ($22.00 for institutions))]TJ
0 -1.2093 TD
[(Special Issue: Community-Based Research (CBR))-12128(________)-1046(X)-1264($ 8.00 )]TJ
T*
[(V)18(ol. 10 \(Fall 2003,)-222(Winter 2004, Special Issue on Anthropology\))-6961(________)-1046(X)-1308($18.00 ($24.00 for institutions))]TJ
T*
[(Special Issue:)-222(Ser)-18(vice-Learning and Anthropology)-11972(________)-1047(X)-1330($)-421(8.00)]TJ
(V)'
0.48219 0 TD
(ol. 11 \(Fall 2004,)Tj
6.28143 0 TD
(Winter 2005\))Tj
22.72475 0 TD
0 Tw
(________)Tj
5.04651 0 TD
(X)Tj
1.80799 0 TD
0.022 Tw
($20.00 ($26.00 for institutions))Tj
-36.34287 -1.20932 TD
(V)Tj
0.48219 0 TD
[(ol. 12 (Fall 2005, Spring 2006))-18074(________)-1047(X)-1308($20.00 ($26.00 for institutions))]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F32 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 375.8386 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Engaging the Whole of Ser)-18(vice-Learning, Diversity)55(, )]TJ
2 -1 TD
(and Learning Communities)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F39 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 331 366.8386 Tm
0 g
[(________)-1000(X)-1168($10.00)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F32 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 354.2386 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(Filipino W)18(omen in Detroit: 1945-1955)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F39 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 331 354.2386 Tm
0 g
[(________)-1000(X)-1168($15.00)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F32 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 61 341.6386 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(\322I Like My Ser)-18(vice W)18(ell Done!\323)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F39 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 331 341.6386 Tm
0 g
[(________)-1000(X)-1168($15.00)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F29 1 Tf
90 0 0 90 70 640.5986 Tm
0 g
-0.104 Tc
[(O)-26(CSL)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F30 1 Tf
87 0 0 87 286.0192 640.5986 Tm
0 g
0.023 Tc
(PRESS)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F31 1 Tf
26 0 0 26 357.4529 615.5986 Tm
0 g
0.028 Tw
[(Order F)55(orm)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F32 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 66.5751 299.3297 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(SEND PUBLICA)55(TIONS TO:)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F39 1 Tf
5 0 0 5 66.7776 278.8297 Tm
0 g
(_____________________________________________________________________________________)Tj
-0.0405 -1.2 TD
(NAME)Tj
0.0405 -4.1 TD
(_____________________________________________________________________________________)Tj
-0.0405 -1.2 TD
(TITLE)Tj
0.0405 -4.09999 TD
(_____________________________________________________________________________________)Tj
-0.0405 -1.2 TD
[(ORGANIZA)55(TION)]TJ
0.0405 -4.10001 TD
(_____________________________________________________________________________________)Tj
-0.0405 -1.2 TD
(ADDRESS)Tj
0.0405 -4.1 TD
(_____________________________________________________________________________________)Tj
-0.0405 -1.2 TD
[(CITY)-27078(ST)54(A)55(TE)-3813(ZIP)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F39 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 66.5751 123.8298 Tm
0 g
(T)Tj
0.36987 0.00001 TD
0.022 Tw
(ax exempt organization? yes )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F11 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 171.6 123.84 Tm
1 g
(n)Tj
ET
q
0.24 w
BT
/F11 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 171.6 123.84 Tm
1 Tr
0 G
(n)Tj
ET
Q
Q
q
BT
/F39 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 210.5751 123.8298 Tm
0 g
0.022 Tw
(no )Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F11 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 222.96 123.84 Tm
1 g
(n)Tj
ET
q
0.24 w
BT
/F11 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 222.96 123.84 Tm
1 Tr
0 G
(n)Tj
ET
Q
Q
q
BT
/F39 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 66.5751 103.3297 Tm
0 g
0.022 Tw
[(T)74(ax exempt #)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F39 1 Tf
5 0 0 5 109.2776 103.3297 Tm
0 g
(____________________________________________________________________)Tj
-8.5 -5.4 TD
(_____________________________________________________________________________________)Tj
-0.0405 -1.2 TD
0.022 Tw
[(AUTHORIZED SIGNA)55(TURE)]TJ
53.86732 43.10826 TD
0 Tw
(____________)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F32 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 374.9117 285.871 Tm
0 g
(PUBLICA)Tj
3.55738 0 TD
0.025 Tw
[(TIONS SUB-TOT)55(AL)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F39 1 Tf
5 0 0 5 335.9117 264.071 Tm
0 g
(____________)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F32 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 374.9117 264.071 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
[(6% SALES T)55(AX)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F39 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 334.4117 253.071 Tm
1 g
(_______)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F40 1 Tf
7 0 0 7 374.9117 253.071 Tm
0 g
0.022 Tw
((non-exempt MI residents only))Tj
-5.78571 -3.11429 TD
0 Tw
(_________)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F32 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 374.9117 231.271 Tm
0 g
[(TOT)55(AL)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F32 1 Tf
6.5 0 0 6.5 334.4117 216.271 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(*Prepayment or Institutional Purchase Order required)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F32 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 313.4148 189.271 Tm
0 g
0.025 Tw
(MAIL ORDER FORM WITH CHECK MADE )Tj
-0.09601 -1.22222 TD
(P)Tj
0.51903 0.00001 TD
(A)Tj
0.50098 0.00001 TD
[(Y)55(ABLE TO UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN:)]TJ
-2.87615 -2.66668 TD
[(Michigan Journal of Community Ser)-18(vice Learning)]TJ
5.53226 -1.22222 TD
(University of Michigan)Tj
1.38757 -1.22223 TD
(1024 Hill Street)Tj
-2.18432 -1.22222 TD
[(Ann Arbor)74(, MI)-333(48104-3310)]TJ
ET
Q
q
BT
/F39 1 Tf
9 0 0 9 352.6725 94.271 Tm
0 g
0.022 Tw
(For more information:)Tj
-3.02595 -1.22222 TD
((734) 615-7054 \245 fax: (734) 647-7464)Tj
-0.93596 -1.11111 TD
[(mjcsl@umich.edu \245 www)37(.umich.edu/~mjcsl)]TJ
ET
0.5 w
0 G
283.3022 317.1013 m
283.3022 60.0003 l
S
60 149.558 m
282.663 149.558 l
S
283.389 209 m
492 209 l
S
Q
q
BT
/F29 1 Tf
14 0 0 14 74.7747 615.0656 Tm
0 g
0.01 Tc
0.026 Tw
(UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN)Tj
ET
1 w
0 G
60 598.6801 m
492 598.6801 l
S
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:10 PM Page 85)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
86 0 obj
<<
/Length 2145
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61.423 42.1096 Tm
0 g
(86)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
14 0 0 14 259.2878 697.2144 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
(Notes)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:10 PM Page 86)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
87 0 obj
<<
/Length 2146
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 480.423 41.7763 Tm
0 g
(87)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
14 0 0 14 259.2878 697.2144 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
(Notes)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:10 PM Page 87)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
88 0 obj
<<
/Length 2145
>>
stream
/GS0 gs
1 g
0 768 0 0 re
f
q
BT
/F0 1 Tf
10 0 0 10 61.423 42.1096 Tm
0 g
(88)Tj
ET
Q
q
BT
/F1 1 Tf
14 0 0 14 259.2878 697.2144 Tm
0 g
0.001 Tc
(Notes)Tj
ET
Q
q
1 g
23 755 228.8 14 re
f
BT
/F3 1 Tf
8 0 0 8 27 759 Tm
0 g
(Imposed-MJCSL 13-1 10/11/06 1:10 PM Page 88)Tj
ET
0.5 w
1 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.25 w
0 G
24 768 m
24 744 l
0 744 m
24 744 l
528 768 m
528 744 l
552 744 m
528 744 l
24 0 m
24 24 l
0 24 m
24 24 l
528 0 m
528 24 l
552 24 m
528 24 l
S
0.5 w
1 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
0.25 w
0 G
252 756 m
300 756 l
252 12 m
300 12 l
12 408 m
12 360 l
540 408 m
540 360 l
276 768 m
276 744 l
276 24 m
276 0 l
0 384 m
24 384 l
528 384 m
552 384 l
276 756 m
282 756 l
282 752.6863 279.3137 750 276 750 c
272.6863 750 270 752.6863 270 756 c
270 759.3137 272.6863 762 276 762 c
279.3137 762 282 759.3137 282 756 c
276 12 m
282 12 l
282 8.6863 279.3137 6 276 6 c
272.6863 6 270 8.6863 270 12 c
270 15.3138 272.6863 18 276 18 c
279.3137 18 282 15.3138 282 12 c
12 384 m
18 384 l
18 380.6863 15.3137 378 12 378 c
8.6863 378 6 380.6863 6 384 c
6 387.3138 8.6863 390 12 390 c
15.3137 390 18 387.3138 18 384 c
540 384 m
546 384 l
546 380.6863 543.3137 378 540 378 c
536.6863 378 534 380.6863 534 384 c
534 387.3138 536.6863 390 540 390 c
543.3137 390 546 387.3138 546 384 c
S
Q
endstream
endobj
89 0 obj
<<
/Nums[0<
> 1<>]
>>
endobj
90 0 obj
<<
/Type/Encoding
/Differences[32/space/exclam/quotedbl/numbersign/dollar/percent/ampersand/quotesingle/parenleft/parenright/asterisk/plus/comma/hyphen/period/slash/zero/one/two/three/four/five/six/seven/eight/nine/colon/semicolon/less/equal/greater/question 65/A/B/C/D/E/F/G/H/I/J/K/L/M/N/O/P/Q/R/S/T/U/V/W/X/Y/Z/bracketleft 93/bracketright 95/underscore 97/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p/q/r/s/t/u/v/w/x/y/z 126/asciitilde 142/eacute 149/idieresis 165/bullet 201/ellipsis 208/endash/emdash/quotedblleft/quotedblright/quoteleft/quoteright]
/BaseEncoding/MacRomanEncoding
>>
endobj
91 0 obj
<<
/Subtype/Type1C
/Length 26196
/Length1 26196
>>
stream
Times-Roman :